USS New Jersey (BB-62): Perbedaan antara revisi
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
k clean up, replaced: Oerlikon 20 mm cannon → Meriam Oerlikon 20 mm (3) using AWB |
k Perubahan kosmetik tanda baca |
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| Baris 227: | Baris 227: | ||
Over the next several months the ship was upgraded with the most advanced weaponry available; among the new weapons systems installed were four MK 141 quad cell launchers for 16 [[Harpoon missile|AGM-84 Harpoon]] anti-ship missiles, eight Armored Box Launcher (ABL) mounts for 32 [[BGM-109 Tomahawk]] [[missile]]s, and a quartet of the United States Navy's [[Phalanx CIWS|Phalanx]] [[Close-in weapon system|Close in Weapon System (CIWS)]] [[Gatling gun]]s for defense against enemy [[anti-ship missile]]s and enemy aircraft.<ref name="FAS Iowa"/><ref name="The Battleships II">{{cite book | last =Johnston, Ian & McAuley, Rob | title =The Battleships | publisher =Channel 4 Books (an imprint of Pan Macmillan, LTD) | year =2002 | location =London | page =183 | url = http://www.panmacmillan.com/ | isbn =0-7522-6188-6}}</ref><ref name="The Navy">{{cite book | last =Holland | first =W. J. | title =The Navy | publisher =[[Barnes & Noble]], Inc., by arrangement with Hugh Lauter Levin Associates, Inc. | year =2004 | location =China | page =184 | isbn =0-7607-6218-X}}</ref> ''New Jersey'' also received eight [[RQ-2 Pioneer]] [[Unmanned Aerial Vehicle]]s, which are remotely controlled drones that replaced the helicopters previously used to spot for her nine 16"/50 Mark 7 guns.<ref name="Drone">{{cite web |publisher =The Warfighter's Encyclopedia |title= Aircraft: RQ-2 Pioneer|url = https://wrc.navair-rdte.navy.mil/warfighter_enc/aircraft/UAVs/pioneer.htm|accessdate=2007-06-08}}</ref> Also included in her modernization were upgrades to [[radar]] and [[fire control system]]s for her guns and missiles, and improved [[electronic warfare]] capabilities.<ref name="FAS Iowa"/> |
Over the next several months the ship was upgraded with the most advanced weaponry available; among the new weapons systems installed were four MK 141 quad cell launchers for 16 [[Harpoon missile|AGM-84 Harpoon]] anti-ship missiles, eight Armored Box Launcher (ABL) mounts for 32 [[BGM-109 Tomahawk]] [[missile]]s, and a quartet of the United States Navy's [[Phalanx CIWS|Phalanx]] [[Close-in weapon system|Close in Weapon System (CIWS)]] [[Gatling gun]]s for defense against enemy [[anti-ship missile]]s and enemy aircraft.<ref name="FAS Iowa"/><ref name="The Battleships II">{{cite book | last =Johnston, Ian & McAuley, Rob | title =The Battleships | publisher =Channel 4 Books (an imprint of Pan Macmillan, LTD) | year =2002 | location =London | page =183 | url = http://www.panmacmillan.com/ | isbn =0-7522-6188-6}}</ref><ref name="The Navy">{{cite book | last =Holland | first =W. J. | title =The Navy | publisher =[[Barnes & Noble]], Inc., by arrangement with Hugh Lauter Levin Associates, Inc. | year =2004 | location =China | page =184 | isbn =0-7607-6218-X}}</ref> ''New Jersey'' also received eight [[RQ-2 Pioneer]] [[Unmanned Aerial Vehicle]]s, which are remotely controlled drones that replaced the helicopters previously used to spot for her nine 16"/50 Mark 7 guns.<ref name="Drone">{{cite web |publisher =The Warfighter's Encyclopedia |title= Aircraft: RQ-2 Pioneer|url = https://wrc.navair-rdte.navy.mil/warfighter_enc/aircraft/UAVs/pioneer.htm|accessdate=2007-06-08}}</ref> Also included in her modernization were upgrades to [[radar]] and [[fire control system]]s for her guns and missiles, and improved [[electronic warfare]] capabilities.<ref name="FAS Iowa"/> |
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Because ''New Jersey'' had been recalled for service in the Vietnam War her modernization differed from her sisters for a number of reasons. When reactivated in 1967 ''New Jersey'' had her [[Meriam Oerlikon 20 mm|20 mm Oerlikon]] and [[Bofors 40mm gun|40 mm Bofors]] anti-aircraft guns removed, and received improved electronic warfare capabilities. This alteration helped reduce the time it took get ''New Jersey'' recommissioned: since she was not in her World War II format the only major physical alteration to ''New Jersey'' involved the removal of four of her ten 5 inch gun mounts to make room for the Armored Box Launchers.<ref name="FAS Iowa">{{cite web | title = BB-61 IOWA-class (Specifications)|url = http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/bb-61.htm |publisher=[[Federation of American Scientists]] |accessdate=2006-11-26}}</ref><ref>By comparison ''Iowa'', ''Missouri'', and ''Wisconsin'' had to be stripped of their 20 mm Oerlikon and 40 mm Bofors anti-aircraft guns, in addition to the removal of four of their ten 5 in guns.</ref> In addition to saving time, this also made ''New Jersey'' cheaper to reactivate since the cost needed to modernize the battleship only included the addition of missile and gun system mounts, electronic warfare suites, and improved radar and gun spotter technology.<ref name="GOA1"/><ref>The estimated cost of reactivating ''New Jersey'' with her gun turrets intact was |
Because ''New Jersey'' had been recalled for service in the Vietnam War her modernization differed from her sisters for a number of reasons. When reactivated in 1967 ''New Jersey'' had her [[Meriam Oerlikon 20 mm|20 mm Oerlikon]] and [[Bofors 40mm gun|40 mm Bofors]] anti-aircraft guns removed, and received improved electronic warfare capabilities. This alteration helped reduce the time it took get ''New Jersey'' recommissioned: since she was not in her World War II format the only major physical alteration to ''New Jersey'' involved the removal of four of her ten 5 inch gun mounts to make room for the Armored Box Launchers.<ref name="FAS Iowa">{{cite web | title = BB-61 IOWA-class (Specifications)|url = http://www.fas.org/man/dod-101/sys/ship/bb-61.htm |publisher=[[Federation of American Scientists]] |accessdate=2006-11-26}}</ref><ref>By comparison ''Iowa'', ''Missouri'', and ''Wisconsin'' had to be stripped of their 20 mm Oerlikon and 40 mm Bofors anti-aircraft guns, in addition to the removal of four of their ten 5 in guns.</ref> In addition to saving time, this also made ''New Jersey'' cheaper to reactivate since the cost needed to modernize the battleship only included the addition of missile and gun system mounts, electronic warfare suites, and improved radar and gun spotter technology.<ref name="GOA1"/><ref>The estimated cost of reactivating ''New Jersey'' with her gun turrets intact was,26 million, vs the estimated,92 million to reactivate ''Iowa''. {{cite web | url = http://archive.gao.gov/f0102/115403.pdf |format = PDF | publisher = United States General Accounting Office | title = Update of the Issues Concerning the Proposed Reactivation of the Iowa Class Battleships and the Aircraft Carrier Oriskany | date = 20 April 1981| accessdate=2007-06-08}}</ref> |
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Since the Tomahawk missile system had not yet been adopted for use during ''New Jersey''{{'}}s original update the Navy announced plans to divert assets from two of their {{sclass-|Spruance|destroyer}}s to install the necessary Tomahawk launchers. Similarly, assets were diverted from two {{sclass-|Farragut|destroyer (1958)|0}} [[guided missile destroyer]]s to allow for the installation of Harpoon launchers on ''New Jersey''.<ref name="GOA1"/> |
Since the Tomahawk missile system had not yet been adopted for use during ''New Jersey''{{'}}s original update the Navy announced plans to divert assets from two of their {{sclass-|Spruance|destroyer}}s to install the necessary Tomahawk launchers. Similarly, assets were diverted from two {{sclass-|Farragut|destroyer (1958)|0}} [[guided missile destroyer]]s to allow for the installation of Harpoon launchers on ''New Jersey''.<ref name="GOA1"/> |
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Revisi per 23 Juni 2019 21.02
 USS New Jersey berlayar pada bulan Januari 1985.
| |
| Sejarah | |
|---|---|
 US
| |
| Asal nama | New Jersey |
| Dipesan | 1 Juli 1939 |
| Pembangun | Philadelphia Naval Shipyard |
| Pasang lunas | 16 September 1940 |
| Diluncurkan | 7 Desember 1942 |
| Sponsor | Carolyn Edison |
| Mulai berlayar | 23 Mei 1943 |
| Dipensiunkan | 30 Juni 1948 |
| Berlayar kembali | 21 November 1950 |
| Dipensiunkan | 21 Agustus 1957 |
| Berlayar kembali | 6 April 1968 |
| Dipensiunkan | 17 Desember 1969 |
| Berlayar kembali | 28 Desember 1982 |
| Dipensiunkan | 8 Februari 1991 |
| Dicoret | 4 Januari 1999 |
| Motto | "Firepower for Freedom"[1] |
| Julukan | "Big J"[1] |
| Penghargaan | 19 Bintang jasa |
| Status | Kapal museum di Camden, New Jersey |
| Catatan | Kapal tempur dengan hiasan terbanyak sepanjang sejarah AL AS |
| Lencana |
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| Ciri-ciri umum | |
| Kelas dan jenis | Kapal tempur kelas-Iowa |
| Berat benaman | 58000 tons |
| Panjang | 887 ft 7 in (270,54 m) |
| Lebar | 108,2 ft (33,0 m) |
| Sarat air | 28,9 ft (8,8 m) |
| Kecepatan | 33 knot (61 km/h) |
| Awak kapal | 1.921 opsir dan anak buah |
| Sensor dan sistem pemroses |
AN/SPS-49 Air Search Radar AN/SPS-67 Surface Search Radar AN/SPQ-9 Surface Search/Gun Fire Control Radar |
| Peralatan perang elektronik dan tipuan |
AN/SLQ-32 AN/SLQ-25 Nixie Decoy System 8 × Mark 36 SRBOC Super Rapid Bloom Rocket Launchers |
| Senjata |
1943: 9 × 16 in (406 mm) 50 cal. Mark 7 guns 20 × 5 in (127 mm) 38 cal. Mark 12 guns 80 × 40 mm 56 cal. anti-aircraft guns 49 × 20 mm 70 cal. anti-aircraft guns 1968: 9 × 16 in (406 mm) 50 cal Mark 7 guns 20 × 5 in (127 mm) 38 cal Mark 12 guns 1982: 9 × 16 in (406 mm) 50 cal. Mark 7 guns 12 × 5 in (127 mm) 38 cal. Mark 12 guns 32 × BGM-109 Tomahawk cruise missiles 16 × RGM-84 Harpoon Anti-Ship missiles 4 × 20 mm/76 cal. Phalanx CIWS |
| Pelindung |
Sabuk: 121 in (3.100 mm) Bulkhead: 113 in (2.900 mm) Barbet: 116 hingga 173 in (2.900 hingga 4.400 mm) Turet senjata: 197 in (5.000 mm) Geladak: 75 in (1.900 mm) |
| Pesawat yang diangkut |
1943:3 pesawat apung Vought OS2U Kingfisher 1982: 4 helikopter |
| Fasilitas penerbangan |
1943:2 katapel pesawat terbang 1982: Geladak biasa |
_in_2007.jpg)
USS New Jersey (BB-62; "Big J" atau "Black Dragon"[2]) adalah sebuah kapal perang kelas Iowa, dan kapal kedua Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat yang dinamai untuk menghormati negara bagian New Jersey. New Jersey mendapatkan bintang pertempuran untuk tindakan tempur lebih banyak dari tiga kapal perang kelas Iowa lainnya, dan satu-satunya kapal perang AS memberikan dukungan tembakan selama Perang Vietnam. Selama Perang Dunia II, New Jersey dikupas target di Guam dan Okinawa, dan disaring kapal induk melakukan razia di Kepulauan Marshall. Selama Perang Korea, dia terlibat dalam serangan atas dan ke bawah pantai Korea Utara, setelah itu ia dinonaktifkan ke Amerika Serikat
Secretary of the Navy Richard Danzig mengumumkan pada tanggal 20 Januari 2000,[3] dan pada tanggal 15 Oktober 2000 New Jersey tiba di tempat peristirahatan terakhirnya di Camden Waterfront.[4]
Penghargaan
Di antara penghargaan yang diterimanya, New Jersey dianugerahi Navy Unit Commendation untuk misi Vietnam, Presidential Unit Citation dari Republic of the Philippines, dan Presidential Unit Citation dari Republic of Korea. Selain itu, kapal ini memperoleh sembilan bintang pertempuran dari misi Perang Dunia II, empat untuk misi Perang Korea, dua untuk misi Perang Vietnam, dan empat untuk misi di Libanon dan wilayah Teluk Persia.[5] Berkat sejarah misi yang luar biasa, New Jersey merupakan kapal perang yang paling banyak mendapat penghargaan dalam sejarah Amerika Serikat.[4]
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| Combat Action Ribbon w/ 1 award star | Navy Unit Commendation w/ 1 service star | Navy E Ribbon w/ 2 Battle E devices | Navy Expeditionary Medal |
| China Service Medal | American Campaign Medal | Asiatic-Pacific Campaign Medal w/ 9 service stars | World War II Victory Medal |
| Navy Occupation Service Medal | National Defense Service Medal w/ 2 service stars | Korean Service Medal w/ 4 service stars | Armed Forces Expeditionary Medal w/ 1 service star |
| Vietnam Service Medal w/ 3 service stars | Navy Sea Service Deployment Ribbon w/ 3 service stars | Philippine Presidential Unit Citation | Korean Presidential Unit Citation |
| Vietnam Gallantry Cross unit citation | Philippine Liberation Medal w/ 2 service stars | United Nations Korea Medal | Vietnam Campaign Medal |
Lihat pula
Referensi
- ^ a b "An Act providing for the issuance of Battleship U.S.S. New Jersey license plates ..." (PDF). NJ state library. 1995-09-12.
- ^ "Battleship New Jersey: Frequently Asked Questions". Battleship New Jersey. Battleship New Jersey Museum and Memorial. 2014-10-28. Diakses tanggal 2014-10-27.
- ^ "SECNAV announces the Battleship New Jersey donation" (Siaran pers). Office of Assistant Secretary of Defense (Public Affairs). 20 January 2000. Diakses tanggal 2005-05-26.
- ^ a b "USS New Jersey Veterans Inc". USS New Jersey Veterans, Inc. Diakses tanggal 2005-05-26.
- ^ Battleship "Battle Record of the USS New Jersey" Periksa nilai
|url=(bantuan). USS New Jersey Veterans, Inc. Diakses tanggal 19 April 2015.
Pustaka
- Adamson, Hans Christian, and George Francis Kosco. Halsey's Typhoons: A Firsthand Account of How Two Typhoons, More Powerful than the Japanese, Dealt Death and Destruction to Admiral Halsey's Third Fleet. New York: Crown Publishers, 1967.
- Calhoun, C. Raymond. Typhoon, The Other Enemy: The Third Fleet and the Pacific Storm of December 1944. ©1981.
- Comegno, Carol. The Battleship USS New Jersey: From Birth to Berth. Pediment Pub, 2001. ISBN 1-891395-76-9
- Artikel ini mengandung teks dari Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships yang berstatus domain umum. Entrinya bisa ditemukan di sini.
- Hoyt, Edwin Palmer. The Typhoon that Stopped a War. New York: D. McKay Co., 1968.
- Naval Historical Foundation. The Navy. Hugh Lauter Levin Associates. ISBN 0-88363-100-8
- Paul Chan, Ian and McAuley, Rob. The Battleships. Channel 4 Books, London ISBN 0-7522-6188-6
- Polmar, Norman. The Naval Institute Guide to the Ships and Aircraft of the U.S. Fleet. (2001 Naval Institute Press); ISBN 1-55750-656-6
Pranala luar
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media yang terkait dengan:
- NAVSOURCE Photo Gallery: Numerous photographs of USS New Jersey
- Battleship New Jersey museum
- Battleship New Jersey Amateur Radio Station
- Maritimequest USS New Jersey BB-62 Photo Gallery
- USS New Jersey Photos on board the Battleship USS New Jersey
- HNSA Ship Page: USS New Jersey
- WW2DB: 55 Photos of Battleship New Jersey, date range 1943–2004
- 1984 Book of General Plans for the U.S.S. New Jersey (BB-62), Iowa Class, hosted by the Historical Naval Ships Association (HNSA) Digital Collections