Struktur Batu Besar: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Archaeological support for Mazar's dating and attribution to a 10th-century Israelite king may have increased following finds at [[Khirbet Qeiyafa]], viewed by some archaeologists and paleographers as confirming the existence of a centralized and powerful Israelite kingdom in the early 10th century. According to an article by Hershel Shanks in the ''[[Biblical Archaeology Review]]'', the findings refute [[Israel Finkelstein]]'s assertion that at most the Hebrew population that existed in Jerusalem in that era was a "tribal chiefdom". In the article, Shanks contends that an Israelite fortress of this scale establishes the existence of a strong, centralized Israelite kingdom at the time of David.<ref>Shanks, Hershel, "'Oldest Hebrew inscription' Discovered in Israelite Fort on Philistine border," ''Biblical Archaeology Review'', March/April 2010, p. 52.</ref><ref>Govier, Gordon "Archaeology: What an Ancient Hebrew Note Might Mean" ''Christianity Today'' 1/18/2010 [http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2010/januaryweb-only/13-11.0.html]</ref> On the other hand, Finkelstein contests the averaging procedure used in the Khirbet Qeiyafa dating, maintaining that, taken properly, the data reflect a lifespan for that site rather than a single date, and that the Khirbet Qeiyafa results "line up with the large number of measurements from late Iron I sites in both the north and south of Israel and support the Low Chronology."<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Finkelstein |first1=Israel |last2=Piasetzky |first2=Eli |year=2010 |title=Khirbet Qeiyafa: Absolute Chronology |url=http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/maney/tav/2010/00000037/00000001/art00006 |journal=Tel Aviv: Journal of the Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University |volume=37 |issue=1|pages=84–88 |doi=10.1179/033443510x12632070179621}}</ref> |
Archaeological support for Mazar's dating and attribution to a 10th-century Israelite king may have increased following finds at [[Khirbet Qeiyafa]], viewed by some archaeologists and paleographers as confirming the existence of a centralized and powerful Israelite kingdom in the early 10th century. According to an article by Hershel Shanks in the ''[[Biblical Archaeology Review]]'', the findings refute [[Israel Finkelstein]]'s assertion that at most the Hebrew population that existed in Jerusalem in that era was a "tribal chiefdom". In the article, Shanks contends that an Israelite fortress of this scale establishes the existence of a strong, centralized Israelite kingdom at the time of David.<ref>Shanks, Hershel, "'Oldest Hebrew inscription' Discovered in Israelite Fort on Philistine border," ''Biblical Archaeology Review'', March/April 2010, p. 52.</ref><ref>Govier, Gordon "Archaeology: What an Ancient Hebrew Note Might Mean" ''Christianity Today'' 1/18/2010 [http://www.christianitytoday.com/ct/2010/januaryweb-only/13-11.0.html]</ref> On the other hand, Finkelstein contests the averaging procedure used in the Khirbet Qeiyafa dating, maintaining that, taken properly, the data reflect a lifespan for that site rather than a single date, and that the Khirbet Qeiyafa results "line up with the large number of measurements from late Iron I sites in both the north and south of Israel and support the Low Chronology."<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Finkelstein |first1=Israel |last2=Piasetzky |first2=Eli |year=2010 |title=Khirbet Qeiyafa: Absolute Chronology |url=http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/maney/tav/2010/00000037/00000001/art00006 |journal=Tel Aviv: Journal of the Institute of Archaeology of Tel Aviv University |volume=37 |issue=1|pages=84–88 |doi=10.1179/033443510x12632070179621}}</ref> |
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Revisi per 20 September 2018 15.54
Struktur Batu Besar (bahasa Inggris: Large Stone Structure) adalah nama yang diberikan pada bekas-bekas bangunan besar di daerah Kota Daud di Yerusalem tengah, sebelah selatan Kota Tua, diperkirakan bertarikh abad ke-10 SM sampai abad ke-9 SM. Nama ini diberikan untuk membedakan dari struktur yang di dekatnya yang disebut "Struktur Batu Bertingkat", oleh penemu situs itu, Eilat Mazar, seorang arkeolog Israel. Mazar mengumumkan penemuannya pada tanggal 4 Agustus 2005 sambil menyatakan bahwa ia percaya situs itu merupakan bekas-bekas istana Daud yang dicatat dalam Kitab Samuel. Penggalian arkeologi itu dibiayai secara pribadi oleh Roger Hertog, seorang bankir Amerika Serikat.
Penemuan
Pada tahun 1997, Eilat Mazar, yang berupaya menemukan Istana Daud, menggunakan rujukan dalam Kitab Samuel yang merujuk Daud pergi ke kubu pertahanan setelah diurapi menjadi raja (2 Samuel 5:17), untuk memastikan di mana situs itu kemungkinan berada. Karena area dengan elevasi lebih tinggi dari Ofel, bagian tertua Yerusalem, hanya yang berada di sebelah utaranya, ia mulai menggali di sana pada bulan Februari 2005. Sekitar 2 meter di bawah permukaan, ia menemukan artifak-artifak dari Era Bizantin dari abad ke-4 sampai ke-6 antara lain suatu lantai mosaik yang terlestarikan dengan baik. Di bawahnya ia menemukan artifak-artifak dari Periode Bait Kedua, dan akhirnya di bawah lapisan ini ia menemukan landasan batu-batu besar dari suatu bangunan penting, yang diyakininya sebagai Istana Daud.[1]