Lompat ke isi

Tencent: Perbedaan antara revisi

Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas
Jelajahi riwayat secara interaktif
← Revisi sebelumnyaRevisi selanjutnya →
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
VisualTeks wiki
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan
Tag: mengosongkan halaman [ * ]
Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan
Baris 1: Baris 1:
{{short description|Chinese internet conglomerate}}
{{Use British English|date=August 2018}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2018}}
{{Infobox company
{{Infobox company
| name = Tencent Holdings Ltd.
| name = Tencent Holdings Ltd.

Revisi per 7 Februari 2020 14.48

Tencent Holdings Ltd.
Nama asli
腾讯控股有限公司
Nama latin
Téngxùn Kònggǔ Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī
Public
Kode emiten
ISINKYG875721634
IndustriConglomerate
Didirikan11 November 1998; 26 tahun lalu (1998-11-11)
Pendiri
Kantor pusatTencent Binhai Mansion, Nanshan District, Shenzhen, China
Wilayah operasi
Worldwide
Tokoh kunci
Produk
PendapatanKenaikan CN¥ 312.694 billion (2018)[1]
Kenaikan CN¥ 97.648 billion (2018)[1]
Kenaikan CN¥ 79.984 billion (2018)[1]
Total asetKenaikan CN¥ 723.521 billion (2018)[1]
Total ekuitasKenaikan CN¥ 356.207 billion (2018)[1]
PemilikNaspers (31.2%)[2]
Karyawan
54,309 (Dec 31 2018)[1]
Situs webtencent.com
Tencent

"Tencent" in Simplified (top) and Traditional (bottom) Chinese characters
Hanzi sederhana: 腾讯
Hanzi tradisional: 騰訊
Tencent Holdings, Ltd.
Hanzi sederhana: 腾讯控股有限公司
Hanzi tradisional: 騰訊控股有限公司

Tencent Holdings Ltd. (Hanzi: 腾讯控股有限公司; Pinyin: Téngxùn Kònggǔ Yǒuxiàn Gōngsī) is a Chinese multinational conglomerate holding company founded in 1998, whose subsidiaries specialise in various Internet-related services and products, entertainment, artificial intelligence and technology both in China and globally.[3] Its twin-skyscrapers headquarters Tencent Seafront Towers (also known as Tencent Binhai Mansion) are based in Nanshan District, Shenzhen.

Tencent is the world's largest video game company,[4] one of the world's most valuable technology companies,[5] one of the world's largest social media companies,[6] and one of the world's largest venture capital firms and investment corporations.[7][8] Its many services include social network, music, web portals, e-commerce, mobile games, internet services, payment systems, smartphones, and multiplayer online games, which are all among the world's biggest and most successful in their respective categories.[9] Offerings in China include the instant messenger Tencent QQ and one of the largest web portals, QQ.com.[10] It also owns the majority of China's music services (Tencent Music Entertainment), with more than 700 million active users and 120 million paying subscribers. The company surpassed the market value of US$500 billion in 2018, becoming the first Asian technology company to cross the valuation mark.[11][12][13] It has since then emerged as one of Asia's most valuable companies, and among the world's top technology companies by market value.[14][15] Tencent has been credited as one of the world's most innovative companies by numerous media and firms.[16][17][18][19][20][21][22] As of 2018, Tencent has the 5th highest global brand value.[23]

Tencent controls hundreds of subsidiaries and associates in numerous industries and areas, creating a broad portfolio of ownerships and investment across a diverse range of businesses including search engine, e-commerce, retail, video gaming, real estate, software, virtual reality, ride-sharing, banking, financial services, fintech, consumer technology, computer technology, automobile, film production, movie ticketing, music production, space technology, natural resources, smartphones, big data, agriculture, medical services, cloud computing, social media, IT, advertising, streaming media, artificial intelligence, robotics, UAVs, food delivery, courier services, e-book, internet services, education and renewable energy.[butuh rujukan] It is one of the most active investment corporations in the world, with stakes in over 600 companies,[24] and recent focus on start-ups within Asia’s tech scene.[25]

History

Templat:Recentism

1998–2010: Founding and growth

Tencent was founded by Pony Ma, Zhang Zhidong, Xu Chenye, Chen Yidan and Zeng Liqing in November 1998[26] as Tencent Inc.[27] Incorporated in the Cayman Islands.[28] Initial funding was provided to it by venture capitalists.[3] In February 1999, Tencent's messenger product OICQ released.[29] Shortly after, Tencent had its name changed to QQ; this was said to be due to a lawsuit threat from ICQ and its owner AOL.[26][30] The company remained unprofitable for the first three years.[26] South African media company Naspers purchased a 46.5% share of Tencent in 2001.[31][32] (As of 2018, it owns 31.2%.[2]) Tencent Holding Ltd was listed on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange on 16 June 2004,[27] and it was added as a Hang Seng Index Constituent Stock in 2008.[33] The company originally derived income solely from advertising and premium users of QQ, who pay monthly fees to receive added extras.[26] But by 2005, charging for use of QQ mobile, its cellular value-added service, and licensing its penguin character, which could be found on snack food[34] and clothing,[26] had also become income generators.[26] By 2008, Tencent was seeing profit growth from the sale of virtual goods.[35] While Tencent's services have included online gaming since 2004, around 2007–2008 it rapidly increased its offerings by licensing games.[36] While at least two, CrossFire and Dungeon Fighter Online, were originally produced by South Korean game developers, Tencent now makes its own games.[36] On 21 January 2011, Tencent launched Weixin (微信), a social media app. Now branded as WeChat, the app is one of the world's most powerful social media apps, due to its wide range of functions and platforms, as well as having over 1 billion monthly active users.[37][38][39][40]

2011–2014: Early investments

On 18 February 2011, Tencent acquired a majority equity interest (92.78%)[41] in Riot Games, developer of League of Legends, for about US$230 million. Tencent had already held 22.34% of the equity interest out of a previous investment in 2008. On 16 December 2015, Riot Games sold its remaining equity to Tencent Holdings.[42][43] Tencent acquired a minority stake in Epic Games, developer of franchises like Fortnite, Unreal, Gears of War and Infinity Blade, in June 2012.[44] Tencent in 2013 increased its stake in Kingsoft Network Technology, a subsidiary of Kingsoft Corporation, to 18%. Tencent previously had a 15.68% stake in the company and raised the stake through a US$46.98 million investment.[45] Tencent took part in Activision Blizzard splitting from Vivendi as a passive investor in 2013[46][47] and now owns less than 4.9% of the shares as of 2017.[48] On 17 September 2013, it was announced that Tencent had invested $448 million for a minority share in Chinese search engine Sogou.com, the subsidiary of Sohu, Inc.[49]

On 15 January 2014, Tencent said it will invest HKD 1.5 billion (US$193.45 million) in logistics and warehouse firm China South City Holdings Ltd to develop its e-commerce and logistics business.[50] On 27 February 2014, Tencent purchased a 20-percent stake in restaurant ratings and group buying website Dianping for $400 million.[51] On 10 March 2014, Tencent bought a 15 percent stake in Chinese e-commerce website JD.com Inc. by paying cash and handing over its e-commerce businesses Paipai, QQ Wanggou and a stake in Yixun to JD.com to build a stronger competitor to Alibaba Group.[52] On 22 May 2014, JD.com got listed on NASDAQ and Tencent expanded its stake in the company to 17.43% on a fully diluted basis by investing an additional US$1,325 million.[53] On 27 March 2014, it was announced that Tencent had agreed to pay about $500 million for a 28 percent stake in South Korea's CJ Games.[54] On 27 June 2014, Tencent announced that it had agreed to buy a 19.9 percent stake in Chinese e-commerce website 58.com (WUBA) Inc. for $736 million.[55] On 17 April 2015, Tencent announced it has bought an additional $400 million worth of shares, rising its stake in the company to about 25%.[56] On 16 October 2014, via its wholly held subsidiary Hongze Lake Investment Ltd, Tencent announced that it had bought a 7% stake in lottery technology firm China LotSynergy Holdings Ltd for HKD 445.5 million (US$57.4 million).[57] On 23 October 2014, Tencent pitched in $145 million for a 10 percent stake in Koudai Gouwu, a Chinese mobile shopping portal.[58] In November 2014, the company announced a deal with HBO which would give it exclusive rights for distribution in China.[59] On 9 December 2014, Chinese taxi-hailing app Didi Dache announced that it had raised more than $700 million in a funding round led by Tencent and Singaporean state investment firm Temasek Holdings.[60]

2015–2019: Continued investments

BYD, one of the chief corporate sponsors for Tencent.

On January 2015, Tencent launched WeBank (China), China's first online-only bank.[61] On 30 January 2015, Tencent announced that it had signed a US$700 million deal with the National Basketball Association to stream American basketball games in China.[62] Later that year, Chinese automaker BYD became the chief corporate sponsor for Tencent's NBA broadcasts.[63] In October 2019 Tencent began sending out refunds to customers after cancelling the broadcast of NBA games in response Houston Rockets general manager Daryl Morey's social media comments in support of protests in Hong Kong.[64] On 21 June 2016 Tencent announced a deal to acquire 84.3% of Supercell, developer of Clash of Clans, with US$8.6 billion.[65] In July 2016, Tencent acquired a majority stake in China Music Corporation.[66] In 2016, Tencent, together with Foxconn and luxury-car dealer Harmony New Energy Auto founded Future Mobility, a car startup that aims to sell all-electric fully autonomous premium cars in 2020.[67] On 28 March 2017, Tesla, Inc. announced Tencent had purchased a 5% stake in Tesla for US$1.78 billion, the automotive control systems of which it subsequently successfully performed penetration-testing until 2019[15][68] In a "direct challenge to Chinese search engine Baidu," in May 2017 Tencent entered news feed and search functions for its WeChat app, which the Financial Times reported was used by 770 million people at the time.[69]

In May 2017, Tencent surpassed Wells Fargo to enter the world's top 10 most valuable companies.[70][71][72] Tencent has also entered an agreement with the Wuhu City Council to build the world's first eSports town in the Chinese city of Wuhu, which comprises an eSports theme park, eSports university, cultural and creative park, animation industrial park, creative block, tech entrepreneurial community and Tencent Cloud's data center. The site will be used for the education and accommodation of future eSports players, as well as hosting national eSports events and serving as a hub for Tencent's game development. Aside from Wuhu, another eSports theme park has been planned in Chengdu.[73][74]

In June 2017, Tencent became the 8th most valuable company in BrandZ's Top 100 Most Valuable Global Brands, signalling its growing influence globally as well as the rise of Chinese brands.[75][76][77] Alibaba overtook Tencent as Asia's most valuable company as its stocks surged after the company hosted its 2017 Investor's day.[78] The company has also developed its own voice assistant Xiaowei, and is in the midst of discussion to acquire Rovio Entertainment, the developer of Angry Birds.[79][80] At the same period, Tencent introduced its mini-programs feature that allows smartphone users to access mobile apps across the globe on WeChat without downloading them.[81] In July 2017, Tencent bought a 9% share in Frontier Developments,[82] the creator of the Elite: Dangerous and Planet Coaster franchises; as well as developer for Rollercoaster Tycoon 2 & 3.[83] In August 2017, after Tencent announced the second quarter 2016 financial report, the stock price rose by 6.2% in the Hong Kong stock market, and the market value reached US$429 billion.[84] Tencent became the second Asian company after Alibaba Group to surpass US$400 billion market cap.[85] Tencent has also created an alliance to its own AI self-driving program, similar to Baidu's Apollo Project, recruiting numerous industry players in the automotive industry.[86][87] It is also collaborating with L'Oréal, the world's largest cosmetics company, to explore digital marketing under the Joint Business Partnership (JBP) agreement and unleash new marketing innovations.[88]

In November 2017, Tencent revealed that it had purchased a 12% stake in Snap Inc in the open market, with plans to help establish Snapchat as a gaming platform.[89][89][90][91] Tencent remained the largest video game publisher in the world by revenue, and had a market capitalisation of around $475 billion. In the same month, Tencent announced the company's Q3 results that exceeded optimistic expectations with skyrocketing sales, net income and gaming revenue, while WeChat reached 980 million monthly active users.[21] It will be earmarking billions of dollars to amass a catalogue of user-generated content, in competition with YouTube.[92] The company also broke records by becoming the first Asian company to cross US$500 billion valuation, and surpassing Facebook to enter the top 5 list of the world's biggest firms.[11][12][13][14][93][94][95][96]

In January 2018, Tencent and The Lego Group, the world's largest toy company, are teaming up to jointly develop online games and potentially a social network aimed at children.[97][98] It also launched its first unmanned shop in Shanghai, joining the likes of other major e-commerce companies including Alibaba, Amazon and JD.com, receiving over 30,000 visitors in the first two days of its opening.[99] Tencent led a US$5.2 billion investment in Wanda Commercial,[100] together with JD.com, Sunac and Suning Group, to acquire shares in the conglomerate. Wanda Commercial will be renamed as Wanda Commercial Management Group, with its new investors on the board, it represents one of the world's largest single strategic investments between internet companies and brick-and-mortar commercial giants.[101] Tencent bought a 5% to 10% minority stake in Skydance Media.[102][103]

On 23 January 2018, Tencent and Carrefour reached strategic co-operation agreement in China.[104][105] Tencent said it was looking forward to working with Carrefour to further enrich the retail and service experience of its users and to strengthen Carrefour's services with Tencent's technological capabilities such as mobile payments, affiliate programs, customer acquisition and cloud services.[106] Between Carrefour and RT-Mart, Ali chose RT-Mart. This is a great shock to Carrefour and Tencent. So it took only two months and the two parties reached a co-operation. Tencent's stock also rose 3.17% on the day to close at HKD474.6.[107]

In August 15, 2018, Tencent reported a profit decline in the second quarter of 2018, ending a growth streak of more than a decade, as investment gains slid and the government's scrutiny of the gaming business weighed on the company.[108] Shares of internet giant Tencent Holdings Ltd. fell 3% in morning trade in Hong Kong after the rare drop in quarterly profit was reported, extending a slide that has wiped nearly $50 billion in market value from the company in that week.[109] The sell-off dragged down many other Chinese internet stocks as well.[109]

On September 6, 2018, Luckin Coffee signed a strategic cooperation agreement with Tencent.[110][111]

Products and services

Social media

Launched in February 1999,[112] Tencent QQ is Tencent's first and most notable product, QQ is one of the most popular instant messaging platforms in its home market.[113][114] As of 31 December 2010, there were 647.6 million active Tencent QQ IM user accounts,[1] making Tencent QQ the world's largest online community at the time. The number of QQ accounts connected simultaneously has, at times, exceeded 100 million.[115] While the IM service is free, as of 2006 a fee was being charged for mobile messaging.[116] Tencent would later add QQ show to the platform. An avatar-based social platform like Cyworld,[10] QQ Show facilitates purchasing virtual goods to outfit avatars, which can also be used with QQ Instant messenger.[117] Tencent also created QQ International, which is an English version of QQ that allows communication with mainland accounts, QQi is available for Windows and macOS.[118] In 2005, Tencent launched Qzone, a social networking/blogging service integrated within QQ. Qzone has become one of the largest social networking service in China, with a user base of 645 million in 2014.[28][119]

WeChat[120] is a social mobile application with voice and text messaging, timeline,[121] and several social features like 'drift a bottle'. It is the most popular social mobile application in China and some overseas Chinese communities, for instance, Malaysia. WeChat would like to have expanded more abroad[122] but, as of 2017, was unsuccessful in penetrating major international markets outside of China.[123]

Entertainment

Video games

Riot Games is one of Tencent's notable subsidiaries, being known heavily for creating the mass multiplayer online battle arena game League of Legends. It is one of the first game developers to be invested in by the growing tech giant.

Tencent Games (Hanzi: 腾讯游戏; Pinyin: Téngxùn Yóuxì) is the video game publishing division of Tencent Interactive Entertainment,[124] itself a division of Tencent.[125] Tencent Games was founded in 2003 to focus on online games. Tencent released its first game QQ Tang (QQ堂) in 2004, which is based on its social media platform QQ. This was soon followed by QQ variant games such as Dungeon Fighter Online, a side-scrolling online beat 'em up game; QQ Fantasy, a 2D online game that incorporates elements from Chinese mythology; Xunxian, a 3D, online RPG; QQ Sanguo, an online casual role playing game set during the Three Kingdoms period; QQ Huaxia, an online RPG; QQ Dancer, an online musical dancing game that offers QQ IM interactivity; QQ Nanaimo, an online game set on a desert island where players maintain houses and pets; QQ Speed, a casual online racing game; QQ R2Beat, an online in-line skating game; QQ Tang, an "advanced casual game" with gameplay derived from Chinese literature; QQ PET, and a QQ IM-based desktop virtual pet game.[126] In 2015, Tencent released its multiplayer online battle arena game Honor of Kings (王者荣耀) exclusively for the Chinese market, and by 2017 was both the world's most popular and highest-grossing game of all time as well as the most downloaded app globally.[127][128][129][130][131][132][133] Tencent also released an international version of Honor of Kings named Arena of Valor in 2017.[134][135] For the occasion of the 19th National Party Congress, Tencent released a mobile game titled "Clap for Xi Jinping: An Awesome Speech”, in which players have 19 seconds to generate as many claps as possible for Xi.[136] In 2019, it was reported that Tencent teamed up with the Publicity Department of the Communist Party of China and the People's Daily to develop "patriotic games."[137][138]

In 2011, Tencent started hosting massively multiplayer online games such as Call of Duty Online, consisting of previous Call of Duty titles with added content, as well as the game League of Legends, which now it fully owns.[139] Tencent also partly own battle royale games such as Fortnite and PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds, Battlestate Games, and fully own Ring of Elysium.[140]

Starting in 2016, Tencent developed a video gaming console dubbed TGP (Tencent Gaming Platform) Box. The TGP BOX is called the Blade. It is an Intel- powered console running Windows 10 and a TGP Box mode. So far, the TGP console has imported many Tencent games, such as League of Legends, FIFA Online 3, NBA 2K, Monster Hunter, Need for Speed, and PlayerUnknown's Battlegrounds. Tencent hopes to bring third-party developed games.[141] On 22 November 2017, Tencent formally entered into a strategic co-operation with PUBG corporation and obtain exclusive rights to operate Playerunknown's Battlegrounds in China.[142]

In April 2017, Tencent unveiled its own flagship gaming platform, WeGame which will host games, content, and services from all over the world and will provide gaming info, purchases, downloads, live streaming and community services, creating an open ecosystem for gaming. WeGame is an upgraded version of TGP (Tencent Games Platform) that already has more than 200 million active users (compared to Steam's 125 million) and over 4.5 billion downloads, and is widely considered as a direct competitor to Steam. It will be dedicated to both global developers and players, and will assist developers who require help with translation. The gaming platform will support both Chinese and global users through a single storefront and is due to go online on 1 September 2017, Tencent has stated that the platform will focus on PC and standalone games and will no longer host web or mobile games, and will provide support to small and indie companies. Aside from mainstream games, the company has promised to also launch titles which include Stardew Valley, Rocket League, Portal Knights, Minecraft, Cities: Skylines, with 170 games promised by the end of 2017. There are expectations that WeGame will grow huge and successful globally with its new focus on Western users, combined with the massive buying power of today's Asian consumers.[129][143][144][145][145][146]

Tencent plans to increase its advertising revenues through artificial intelligence and branded virtual costumes in its video games.[147]

In March 2018, Tencent acquired a 5% stake in Ubisoft from Vivendi,[148][149] and in May 2018 it acquired a majority stake in the New Zealand company Grinding Gear Games, the developers of the game Path of Exile.[150][151] As of March 2018, Tencent is the largest video game company in the world.[152] Tencent wholly or partially owns game companies; Riot Games (100%),[153] Supercell (84.3%),[154] Grinding Gear Games (80%),[155] Epic Games (40%),[156] Glu Mobile (14.46%), Activision Blizzard (5%), Paradox Interactive (5%),[157] Ubisoft (5%)[156] and Miniclip (undisclosed majority stake),[158]

On March 18, 2019, Tencent announced that its subsidiary, TiMi Studios, would develop Activision's Call of Duty: Mobile.[159] The game was released worldwide on October 1, 2019. As of October 4, 2019, the game has surpassed 35 million downloads and over $2 million in revenue.[160]

Tencent acquired 29% of the shares of Funcom in September 2019,[161] and announced its intent to fully acquire Funcom through purchasing all outstanding shares of the company starting in February 2020 valued at US$148 million.[162]

Television and Cinema

In April 2009, Tencent launched iTQQ, a "smart interactive television service" in a joint effort with TCL.[113]

In 2015, Tencent launched Tencent Pictures (Hanzi: 腾讯影业), a film distributor and a production company that creates and distributes films based on books, comic books, animated series and video games.[163] In the same year, Tencent launched Tencent Penguin Pictures (Chinese: 腾讯企鹅影视) a production unit focusing on online dramas and minor investments in feature films.[164] It is under the Online Media Business Unit at Tencent and works closely with Tencent Video.[165]

Comics

On 21 March 2012, Tencent launched Tencent Comic, and would later become China's largest online animation platform.[166]

In September 2017, Tencent has announced plans to introduce Chinese online comics to every market around the world, with the first being North America. It will be working with San Francisco-based digital publisher Tapas Media, a partnership that will see English-language releases of a number of popular online Chinese titles.[167]

Music

Artikel utama: QQ Music dan JOOX

In 2014, Tencent established exclusive in-China distribution agreements with several large music producers, including Sony, Warner Music Group and YG Entertainment[168] and in 2017 it signed a deal with Universal Music Group to stream its music in China.[127] It also entered a partnership with Alibaba Group on music-streaming rights sharing, the deal aims to protect licensed streaming services offering copyrighted content of the music industry, encouraging more high-quality and original music, as well as developing China’s fast-growing streaming market. Alibaba will gain the rights to stream music from international labels, which already have exclusive deals with Tencent, in return for offering reciprocal rights to its catalogue of Chinese and Japanese music.[169][170]

In December 2017, Tencent's music arm, Tencent Music Entertainment (TME) and Spotify agreed to swap 10% stake and invested in each other's music businesses,[171] forming an alliance in the music industry in which Martin Lau (president of Tencent) described it as a "strategic collaboration".[172][173]

In October 2019, Tencent Music reached a streaming music distribution agreement with CD Baby and TuneCore to provide Independent Music Artists who distribute music through CD Baby and TuneCore access to the Chinese music market through Tencent's music streaming services QQMusic, KuGou, and Kuwo.[174]

E-commerce

On September 2005, Tencent launched PaiPai.com (Hanzi: 拍拍; Pinyin: pāi pāi), a C2C auction site.[113] In addition to PaiPai.com, Tencent launched TenPay, an online payment system similar to PayPal, which can supports B2B, B2C, and C2C payments.[175]

In response to the dominance of the Chinese e-commerce market by Tencent competitor Alibaba Group, Tencent took great effort in its e-commerce platforms. On 10 March 2014, Tencent bought a 15 percent stake in Chinese e-commerce website JD.com Inc. by paying cash and handing over its e-commerce businesses Paipai.com, QQ Wanggou, and a stake in Yixun to JD.com, as well as purchasing a stake in e-commerce website 58 Tongcheng.[52][176] In accordance to this agreement, JD.com would receive exclusive access to Tencent's WeChat and MobileQQ platforms.[177] On May 2014, JD became the first Chinese e-commerce company to be listed on the NASDAQ exchange, under its ticker 'JD'.[177]

On 31 December 2015, JD announced that they will stop supporting services on Paipai.com after being unable to deal with issues involving fake goods, and had integrated the Paipai.com team within its other e-commerce platforms. In a 3-month transitional period, Paipai.com would be fully shut down by 1 April 2016.[178] JD relaunched PaiPai.com as PaiPai Second Hand (拍拍二手) to compete alongside with 58 Tongcheng's Zhuanzhuan.com (转转), both partially owned by Tencent, against Alibaba's Xianyu in the second-hand e-commerce market.[179][180]

Tencent was reported in 2017 to be working with China's Central Bank to develop a central payments clearing platform for online payments.[127]

Utilities

In March 2006, Tencent launched its search engine Soso.com (搜搜; to search).[181][182] On 1 October 2012, it was the 33rd most visited website in the world, 11th most visited in China, as well as the 8th most visited website in South Korea, according to Alexa Internet.[183] It was also a Chinese partner of Google, using AdWords.[184] In September 2013, Tencent discontinued Soso.com after it invested in Sogou and replaced Soso.com with Sogou Search as its main search engine.[185]

In 2008, Tencent released a media player, available for free download, under the name QQ Player.[186] Tencent also launched Tencent Traveler, a web browser based on Trident. It became the third most-visited browser in China in 2008.[187][188]

On 10 April 2010, Tencent launched Tencent Weibo, a microblogging service.[189] On June 2011, Tencent launched Tencent Video, a video streaming website.[190]

QQ Haiwai is Tencent's first venture into international real estate listings and information and is the result of a partnership with Chinese international real estate website Juwai.com. Haiwai was announced at Tencent's annual regional summit in Beijing on 21 December 2016.[191][192]

In 2017, Tencent launched its own credit score system called Tencent Credit, with a process similar to that of Sesame Credit, operated by its competitor, the Alibaba Group, through its subsidiary Ant Financial.[193]

Others

Tencent officially commences operations of its first insurance agency platform, WeSure Internet Insurance Ltd. (WeSure). WeSure will work with well-known domestic insurance companies such as Ping An Insurance to provide users with high-quality insurance services. Users can make insurance purchases, inquiries and claims directly through national-level platforms on the firm's vastly popular instant messaging and lifestyle platform WeChat and its popular instant messaging platform QQ.[194]

In late April 2017, Tencent announced it was preparing to launch its virtual reality headset that year.[195]

Corporate governance

Ma Huateng, also known as Pony Ma, is the main co-founder of Tencent, and is currently the conglomerate's CEO and chairman

Tencent's largest shareholder is Prosus, which owns 30.99% shares.[196] However, Ma Huateng, co-founder of Tencent, still owns a significant stake.

Tencent's headquarters is currently the Tencent Binhai Mansion, also known as the Tencent Seafront Towers, which is located in Shenzhen's Nanshan District.[197] In addition to its headquarters in Shenzhen, Tencent also has offices in Beijing, Shanghai, Chengdu, and Guangzhou.[198]

Tencent has an unitary board consisting of Tencent co-founder, CEO, and chairman Ma Huateng, also known as Pony Ma, executive director and President of Tencent Martin Lau, non-executive directors Jacobus "Koos" Bekker and Charles Searle of Naspers, and independent non-executive directors Li Dongsheng, Iain Bruce, Ian Stone, and Yang Siushun.[199]

Subsidiaries

Tencent has at least four wholly foreign owned enterprises and nearly twenty subsidiaries.[28]

Tencent Technology (Shenzhen) Co Ltd

A software development unit that has created, among others, Tencent Traveler and later versions of QQ IM,[200] as well as some mobile software.[201] This subsidiary is located on the Southern District of Hi-Tech Park, Shenzhen.[200] It also holds a number of patents related to instant messaging and massively multiplayer online game gaming.[202]

Research

In 2007, Tencent invested over RMB100 million in the establishment of the Tencent Research Institute, which became China's first research center dedicated to core Internet technologies.[203] The campuses are located in Beijing, Shanghai, and Shenzhen.[204]

Controversies

Many of Tencent's software and services are remarkably similar to those of competitors. The founder and chairman, Huateng "Pony" Ma, famously said, "[To] copy is not evil." A former CEO and president of SINA.com, Wang Zhidong, said, "Pony Ma is a notorious king of copying." Jack Ma of Alibaba Group stated, "The problem with Tencent is the lack of innovation; all of their products are copies."[205]

In 2015, security testing firms AV-Comparatives, AV-TEST and Virus Bulletin jointly decided to remove Tencent from their software whitelists. The Tencent products supplied for testing were found to contain optimisations that made the software appear less exploitable when benchmarked but actually provided greater scope for delivering exploits.[206] Additionally, software settings were detrimental to end-users protection if used. Qihoo was later also accused of cheating, while Tencent was accused of actively gaming the anti-malware tests.[207][208]

Tencent's WeChat platform has been accused of blocking Douyin's videos.[209][210] In April 2018, Douyin sued Tencent and accused it of spreading false and damaging information on its WeChat platform, demanding RMB 1 million in compensation and an apology. In June 2018, Tencent filed a lawsuit against Toutiao and Douyin in a Beijing court, alleging they had repeatedly defamed Tencent with negative news and damaged its reputation, seeking a nominal sum of RMB 1 in compensation and a public apology.[211] In response, Toutiao filed a complaint the following day against Tencent for allegedly unfair competition and asking for RMB 90 million in economic losses.[212]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g "2018 Annual Report" (PDF). Tencent.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 21 March 2019. Diakses tanggal 21 March 2019. 
  2. ^ a b Wexler, Steven Russolillo and Alexandra. "The Savviest Tech Investor You've Never Heard of Is Selling Down Tencent". Dow Jones & Company. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 26 October 2018. Diakses tanggal 31 October 2018. 
  3. ^ a b Biographical Dictionary of New Chinese Entrepreneurs and Business Leaders, Pg. 111-112 Diarsipkan 26 June 2014 di Wayback Machine. Ilan Alon and Wenxian Zhang. Edward Elgar Publishing, 2009. Google Book Search.
  4. ^ "Inside Tencent's Struggle to Bring World's Hottest Game to China". www.bloomberg.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 6 September 2018. Diakses tanggal 19 September 2018. 
  5. ^ French, Sally. "China has 9 of the world's 20 biggest tech companies". marketwatch.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 19 September 2018. Diakses tanggal 19 September 2018. 
  6. ^ Ballard, John (24 December 2018). "Is Tencent a Buy? -". The Motley Fool (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 10 January 2019. Diakses tanggal 10 January 2019. 
  7. ^ "Tencent's 60,000% Runup Leads to One of the Biggest VC Payoffs Ever". www.bloomberg.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 9 September 2018. Diakses tanggal 23 September 2018. 
  8. ^ "Tencent, the "SoftBank of China," has invested tens of billions globally since 2015 — Quartz". qz.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 23 September 2018. Diakses tanggal 23 September 2018. 
  9. ^ "Tencent, More Than QQ Instant Messaging In China". thechinaobserver.com. 27 January 2009. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 26 April 2009. 
  10. ^ a b For Chinese IM Portal Tencent, The Money Is In Micro-Transactions Diarsipkan 3 December 2017 di Wayback Machine. techcrunch.com, 27 March 2008
  11. ^ a b "Tencent joins US$500 billion valuation line up". 
  12. ^ a b "Tencent Holdings Market Cap (TCEHY)". ycharts.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 4 August 2017. Diakses tanggal 22 July 2017. 
  13. ^ a b "Tencent posts 69 percent jump in quarterly net profit; becomes the most valuable company in Asia". Tech2. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 17 November 2017. Diakses tanggal 16 November 2017. 
  14. ^ a b Kharpal, Arjun (20 November 2017). "Tencent becomes first Asian company to be valued over $500 billion". CNBC. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 20 November 2017. Diakses tanggal 20 November 2017. 
  15. ^ a b Higgins, Tim; Steele, Anne (29 March 2017). "Tesla Gets Backing of Chinese Internet Giant Tencent". Wall Street Journal. New York City, New York, United States. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 30 March 2017. Diakses tanggal 30 March 2017. 
  16. ^ Russell, Jon. "Tencent posts $21.9 billion in annual revenue, its highest growth since 2012". TechCrunch (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 29 September 2017. Diakses tanggal 29 September 2017. 
  17. ^ "Tencent Passed Wells Fargo As World's 10th Biggest Company". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 29 September 2017. Diakses tanggal 29 September 2017. 
  18. ^ "Tencent named one of most innovative companies|Across America|chinadaily.com.cn". usa.chinadaily.com.cn. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 29 September 2017. Diakses tanggal 12 May 2017. 
  19. ^ Borromeo, EL (5 December 2015). "World's 50 Most Innovative Firms Include Tencent, Huawei and Lenovo". Yibada English. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 28 August 2017. Diakses tanggal 12 May 2017. 
  20. ^ "BCG: Tencent is the Most Innovative Company in China in 2015". China Internet Watch. 5 January 2016. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 29 September 2017. Diakses tanggal 12 May 2017. 
  21. ^ a b "Tencent's Profit Is Better Than Expected". Bloomberg.com. 15 November 2017. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 15 November 2017. Diakses tanggal 15 November 2017. 
  22. ^ Yang Ge (22 February 2018). "Tencent Tops Chinese Leader Board on Global Innovator List". Caixin Global (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 15 August 2018. 
  23. ^ "China Now Has 2 of the Top 10 Most Valuable Brands in the World For the First Time". Fortune (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 30 May 2018. Diakses tanggal 30 May 2018. 
  24. ^ "Tencent grows profits with aggressive investment strategy". South China Morning Post (dalam bahasa Inggris). 16 January 2019. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 16 January 2019. Diakses tanggal 16 January 2019. 
  25. ^ Krapels, Nicholas (17 July 2017). "Tencent Vs. Alibaba: Complex Cross-Ownership Structures Cause Criminally Undervalued Chinese Super-Conglomerates". Seeking Alpha. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 21 July 2017. Diakses tanggal 13 September 2017. 
  26. ^ a b c d e f Investing in China: The Emerging Venture Capital Industry Diarsipkan 15 March 2015 di Wayback Machine. Jonsson Yinya Li, Google Book Search
  27. ^ a b Tencent Diarsipkan 20 May 2012 di WebCite Tencent official site
  28. ^ a b c 2008 Annual Report Diarsipkan 29 December 2009 di Wayback Machine. Tencent Official Site
  29. ^ Mair, Victor (26 April 2011). "A New Morpheme in Mandarin". Language Log. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 19 March 2012. Diakses tanggal 14 April 2012. 
  30. ^ "Trick To Get PUBG MOBILE Free Elite Royale Pass Right Now || Limited Stock". Blogsent. 31 March 2019. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 31 March 2019. Diakses tanggal 2 February 2019. 
  31. ^ Boehler, Patrick (21 February 2014). "South African media group struck gold by taking a chance on Tencent". South China Morning Post (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 30 August 2017. 
  32. ^ Birkinbine, Benjamin; Gomez, Rodrigo; Wasko, Janet (1 July 2016). Global Media Giants (dalam bahasa Inggris). Routledge. ISBN 9781317402855. 
  33. ^ "Hang Seng Indexes" (PDF). Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 31 October 2008. Diakses tanggal 14 August 2015. 
  34. ^ QQ Games on AIM: Another Penguin Aims for the Casual Market Diarsipkan 14 April 2009 di Wayback Machine. gotgame.com, 13 January 2009
  35. ^ A Chinese Web Giant's Sizzling Success Diarsipkan 8 July 2009 di Wayback Machine. businessweek.com, 26 November 2008, 9:11AM EST
  36. ^ a b Bruce Einhorn; Brad Stone (4 August 2011). "Tencent: March of the Penguins". Businessweek. hlm. 5/7. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 13 November 2011. Diakses tanggal 8 August 2011. 
  37. ^ 微信进行时：厚积薄发的力量. 环球企业家. 2012-01-13. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 16 November 2018. Diakses tanggal 2012-12-03. 
  38. ^ "WeChat now has over 1 billion active monthly users worldwide · TechNode". TechNode. 5 March 2018. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 7 April 2019. Diakses tanggal 28 February 2019. 
  39. ^ "Is WeChat, the chinese messaging app, set to shake up the tech industry?". Panda Security Mediacenter. 8 December 2016. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 28 May 2019. Diakses tanggal 28 February 2019. 
  40. ^ "How WeChat Became China's App For Everything". Fast Company. 2 January 2017. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 3 January 2017. Diakses tanggal 28 February 2019. 
  41. ^ Tencent Interim Report 2011 Diarsipkan 8 March 2014 di Wayback Machine. Tencent Official Site, Retrieved 22 February 2014.
  42. ^ Moser, Kelsey (16 December 2015). "Tencent purchases remaining shares in Riot Games to hold 100% of equity". TheScore eSports. TheScore Inc. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 18 December 2015. Diakses tanggal 17 December 2015. 
  43. ^ Frank, Allegra (16 December 2015). "Riot Games now owned entirely by Tencent". Polygon. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 18 December 2015. Diakses tanggal 16 December 2015. 
  44. ^ "Gears of War studio sells minority stake to Chinese Internet company". Gamespot. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 23 June 2012. 
  45. ^ Hsu, Alex (28 June 2013). "Baidu Missed Out on Kingsoft Network Investment; Tencent invests USD 46.98 million In US 52 million Round". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 5 November 2013. 
  46. ^ Activision buys itself back from Vivendi for $8 billion Diarsipkan 22 January 2014 di Wayback Machine. joystiq.com, Retrieved 28 February 2014.
  47. ^ Editorial, Reuters (23 June 2016). "BRIEF-Tencent Holdings reports 5.023 pct passive stake in..." Reuters. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 26 February 2017. Diakses tanggal 25 February 2017. 
  48. ^ Cheng, Evelyn (9 November 2017). "Two tech giants are behind the pick-up in China IPOs on US exchanges". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 12 November 2017. Diakses tanggal 11 November 2017. 
  49. ^ Aitken, Todd (17 September 2013). "Tencent invested $448 million in Chinese search engine Sogou". CEOWORLD Magazine. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 7 March 2015. Diakses tanggal 17 September 2013. 
  50. ^ Reuters Editorial (15 January 2014). "Tencent Holdings to invest $193 mln in China South City Holdings". Reuters. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 24 September 2015. Diakses tanggal 2 July 2017. 
  51. ^ "Tencent Takes a Stake in Dianping For O2O Plan". 28 February 2014. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 24 September 2015. 
  52. ^ a b Lulu Yilun Chen (10 March 2014). "Tencent to Buy 15% Stake in JD.com to Boost E-Commerce". Bloomberg.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 11 January 2015. Diakses tanggal 14 August 2015. 
  53. ^ Tencent Interim Report 2014 Diarsipkan 23 October 2014 di Wayback Machine. Tencent Official Site, Retrieved 23 October 2014.
  54. ^ Lulu Yilun Chen (27 March 2014). "Tencent to Pay $500 Million for Stake in CJ Games". Bloomberg.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 10 January 2015. Diakses tanggal 14 August 2015. 
  55. ^ "Tencent Buys 20% of China's 58.com for $736 Million". Bloomberg.com. 27 June 2014. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 10 January 2015. Diakses tanggal 14 August 2015. 
  56. ^ Suresh Seshadri (17 April 2015). "58.Com to Buy 43% of Rival Ganji as Tencent Raises Stake". Bloomberg.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 13 August 2015. Diakses tanggal 14 August 2015. 
  57. ^ "GGRAsia – Tencent unit buys into lottery provider China LotSynergy". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 24 September 2015. Diakses tanggal 14 August 2015. 
  58. ^ "Chinese mobile shopping app Koudai gets $350M led by Tencent". Tech in Asia. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 5 September 2015. Diakses tanggal 14 August 2015. 
  59. ^ Osawa, Juro. "Tencent to Distribute HBO Dramas, Movies Online in China" Diarsipkan 31 March 2017 di Wayback Machine., The Wall Street Journal, 24 November 2014. Accessed 10 August 2015.
  60. ^ Gillian Wong (9 December 2014). "Chinese Taxi-Hailing App Didi Raises More Than $700 Million". WSJ. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 23 July 2015. Diakses tanggal 14 August 2015. 
  61. ^ Gabriel Wildau (5 January 2015). "Tencent launches China's first online-only bank". Financial Times. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 13 February 2015. Diakses tanggal 16 February 2015. 
  62. ^ Eben Novy-Williams (30 January 2015). "NBA Expands China Business With Five-Year Tencent Extension". Bloomberg.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 1 August 2015. Diakses tanggal 14 August 2015. 
  63. ^ Pu Yang (29 December 2015). "Chinese auto brand to sponsor Tencent's NBA coverage". YT Sports. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 11 September 2016. Diakses tanggal 29 December 2015. 
  64. ^ "NBA fans in China seek refund from Tencent as streaming suspended". Reuters. 10 October 2019. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 9 October 2019. Diakses tanggal 9 October 2019. 
  65. ^ "Juro Osawa & Rick Carew (21 June 2016). "Tencent Seals Deal to Buy 'Clash of Clans' Developer Supercell for $8.6 Billion". WSJ. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 21 June 2016. Diakses tanggal 21 June 2016. 
  66. ^ Frater, Patrick (14 July 2016). "Tencent to Become China's Top Music Company Following Deal". Variety. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 15 July 2016. Diakses tanggal 14 July 2016. 
  67. ^ "Tencent-Backed Company Aims to Launch Smart-Electric Cars Before 2020". 12 July 2016. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 31 March 2017. Diakses tanggal 11 March 2017 – via www.wsj.com. 
  68. ^ Rishika Sadam (28 March 2017). "Chinese tech giant Tencent takes 5 percent stake in Tesla". Reuters. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 28 March 2017. Diakses tanggal 28 March 2017. 
  69. ^ Yang, Yuang; Yang, Yingzhi (18 May 2017). "Tencent pushes into news feed and search in challenge to Baidu". Financial Times. United Kingdom. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 21 May 2017. Diakses tanggal 18 May 2017. 
  70. ^ Pham, Sherisse (3 May 2017). "China's Tencent is now worth $300 billion". CNNMoney. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 5 May 2017. Diakses tanggal 5 May 2017. 
  71. ^ "Tech giant Tencent's market cap swells into world's top 10". The Telegraph. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 3 January 2018. Diakses tanggal 5 April 2018. 
  72. ^ "Tencent shares continue to soar, pushing Hang Seng higher". South China Morning Post (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 23 May 2017. Diakses tanggal 23 May 2017. 
  73. ^ "Tencent are going to build an "esports town"". PCGamesN. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 23 September 2017. Diakses tanggal 22 September 2017. 
  74. ^ "Chinese internet giant Tencent is building an eSports park". Engadget. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 22 September 2017. Diakses tanggal 22 September 2017. 
  75. ^ "Tencent ranked eighth most valuable brand in the world as Chinese brands storm top 100 list". The Drum (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 8 August 2017. Diakses tanggal 8 June 2017. 
  76. ^ Tsubasa Suruga (8 June 2017). "China's Tencent cracks top 10 'most valuable' brands list". Nikkei Asian Review. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 8 June 2017. Diakses tanggal 8 June 2017. 
  77. ^ "Tencent ranks in top 10 of global brands, signals China's emergence". techwireasia.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 7 June 2017. Diakses tanggal 8 June 2017. 
  78. ^ "Alibaba is Asia's No. 1 company as value soars to US$360 billion". South China Morning Post (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 9 June 2017. Diakses tanggal 9 June 2017. 
  79. ^ "Tech in Asia - Connecting Asia's startup ecosystem". www.techinasia.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 8 August 2017. Diakses tanggal 30 June 2017. 
  80. ^ "Tencent eyes 'Angry Birds' maker Rovio to strengthen its mobile gaming dominance". Business Insider (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 8 August 2017. Diakses tanggal 30 June 2017. 
  81. ^ "Tencent Dominates in China. Next Challenge Is Rest of the World". Bloomberg.com. 28 June 2017. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 19 September 2017. Diakses tanggal 19 September 2017. 
  82. ^ "Tencent Buys 3.39 Million New Shares in British Video-Game Maker Frontier Developments for $23 Million". k.caixinglobal.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 15 August 2018. Diakses tanggal 2018-08-15. 
  83. ^ "Chinese game giant Tencent buys 9% of Elite Dangerous dev Frontier". Eurogamer. 28 July 2017. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 28 July 2017. Diakses tanggal 28 July 2017. 
  84. ^ "There's a new king of Chinese tech". Business Insider. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 24 October 2017. Diakses tanggal 11 March 2018. 
  85. ^ "Tencent Q2'17 results show explosive growth - WalktheChat". WalktheChat. 20 August 2017. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 18 September 2017. Diakses tanggal 17 September 2017. 
  86. ^ "Tencent joins the fray with Baidu in AI apps for self-driving cars". South China Morning Post (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 21 September 2017. Diakses tanggal 21 September 2017. 
  87. ^ "Tencent and Guangzhou team up to develop smart cars". Financial Times. Diarsipkan dari versi asliPerlu langganan berbayar tanggal 22 September 2017. Diakses tanggal 21 September 2017. 
  88. ^ "When Beauty meets MarTech - L'OREAL and Tencent to Unleash Marketing Innovations". AsiaOne. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 23 September 2017. Diakses tanggal 23 September 2017. 
  89. ^ a b Ma, Wayne; Russolillo, Steven (8 November 2017). "Tencent Continues to Snap Up Stakes in U.S. Startups". The Wall Street Journal. New York City, New York, United States. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 13 November 2017. Diakses tanggal 13 November 2017. 
  90. ^ "Tencent to help establish Snapchat as games platform". GamesIndustry.biz (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 15 November 2017. Diakses tanggal 15 November 2017. 
  91. ^ "China's Tencent bought 12 percent of Snap — and everything else we learned from Snap's earnings report". Recode. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 9 November 2017. Diakses tanggal 9 November 2017. 
  92. ^ "Tencent plans $US3bn drive to ramp up YouTube-style content". Financial Review. 16 November 2017. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 16 November 2017. Diakses tanggal 16 November 2017. 
  93. ^ GmbH, finanzen.net. "UPDATE 1-Tencent on global path as it surpasses Facebook in valuation (700, DIS, AAPL, AMZN)". markets.businessinsider.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 1 December 2017. Diakses tanggal 21 November 2017. 
  94. ^ "Tencent on global path as it surpasses Facebook in valuation". Reuters. 2017. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 21 November 2017. Diakses tanggal 21 November 2017. 
  95. ^ "Tencent overtakes Facebook as market cap hits $531bn". Fin24. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 21 November 2017. Diakses tanggal 21 November 2017. 
  96. ^ "China's Tencent overtakes Facebook in market value". Rappler (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 21 November 2017. Diakses tanggal 21 November 2017. 
  97. ^ href='https://www.reuters.com'>Reuters (15 January 2018). "Lego teams up with Chinese internet giant Tencent". Business Insider Singapore. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 15 January 2018. Diakses tanggal 15 January 2018. 
  98. ^ "Lego Builds Partnership With Tencent - Caixin Global". www.caixinglobal.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 15 August 2018. Diakses tanggal 2018-08-15. 
  99. ^ "Tencent beats Amazon to launch unmanned shop in Shanghai". South China Morning Post (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 22 January 2018. Diakses tanggal 22 January 2018. 
  100. ^ "Wanda Sells Properties, Adds Investors - Caixin Global". www.caixinglobal.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 15 August 2018. Diakses tanggal 2018-08-15. 
  101. ^ "Tencent Leads $5.4 Billion Investment in Wanda Commercial". Bloomberg.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). 29 January 2018. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 29 January 2018. Diakses tanggal 29 January 2018. 
  102. ^ Faughnder, Ryan (26 January 2018). "China's Tencent acquires minority stake in Skydance Media". latimes.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 9 February 2018. Diakses tanggal 8 February 2018. 
  103. ^ "Tencent Tangos With Hollywood's Skydance Media - Caixin Global". www.caixinglobal.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 15 August 2018. Diakses tanggal 2018-08-15. 
  104. ^ "腾讯、永辉与家乐福达成战略合作，考虑投资家乐福中国业务_10%公司_澎湃新闻-The Paper". www.thepaper.cn. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 9 March 2018. Diakses tanggal 9 March 2018. 
  105. ^ "Carrefour Signs Cooperation Agreement With Tencent". k.caixinglobal.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 15 August 2018. Diakses tanggal 2018-08-15. 
  106. ^ "Carrefour seeks help from Chinese internet giant to stem sales slump". South China Morning Post (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 6 March 2018. Diakses tanggal 9 March 2018. 
  107. ^ "Carrefour and Tencent Ali's love to kill-Technology-China Social Platforms Article". www.sangbe.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 11 March 2018. Diakses tanggal 11 March 2018. 
  108. ^ "Tencent Posts Rare Profit Drop - Caixin Global". www.caixinglobal.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 16 August 2018. Diakses tanggal 2018-08-16. 
  109. ^ a b "China Techs Take Beating After Tencent Profit Shrinks - Caixin Global". www.caixinglobal.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 16 August 2018. Diakses tanggal 2018-08-16. 
  110. ^ 瑞幸咖啡与腾讯签署战略合作 中国咖啡市场及发展前景分析 Diarsipkan 29 September 2018 di Wayback Machine. 凤凰网，September 7, 2018
  111. ^ 中国咖啡市场白热化 瑞幸咖啡与腾讯达成战略合作 Diarsipkan 29 September 2018 di Wayback Machine. 搜狐网，September 6, 2018
  112. ^ Investor Fact Sheet Diarsipkan 2 January 2010 di Wayback Machine. Tencent Official Site
  113. ^ a b c "Technology". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 27 February 2009. Diakses tanggal 14 August 2015. 
  114. ^ About Tencent Diarsipkan 6 July 2008 di Wayback Machine. Tencent Official Site
  115. ^ "腾讯QQ最新24小时在线数据". Im.qq.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 8 July 2011. Diakses tanggal 14 January 2011. 
  116. ^ The party, the people and the power of cyber-talk Diarsipkan 11 December 2008 di Wayback Machine. economist.com, 27 April 2006
  117. ^ Products and Services > Internet Value-added Service Diarsipkan 25 August 2010 di Wayback Machine. Tencent Official Site
  118. ^ "QQ International". Tencent. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 6 December 2012. Diakses tanggal 23 November 2012. 
  119. ^ "Tech in Asia - Connecting Asia's startup ecosystem". www.techinasia.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 10 March 2016. Diakses tanggal 2019-02-28. 
  120. ^ "WeChat website". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 18 January 2013. Diakses tanggal 24 January 2013. 
  121. ^ "Social features of WeChat". Value2020. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 21 January 2013. Diakses tanggal 23 January 2013. 
  122. ^ "Here's a Heatmap of WeChat Users Around the World". TechinAsia, Steven Millward & VALUE2020. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 20 January 2013. Diakses tanggal 18 January 2013. 
  123. ^ Murgia, Madhumita (31 March 2017). "Tencent expands WeChat's ecommerce platform in Europe". Financial Times (dalam bahasa Inggris). hlm. 18. Diarsipkan dari versi asliPerlu langganan berbayar tanggal 5 May 2017. Diakses tanggal 19 May 2017. 
  124. ^ "腾讯互动娱乐-腾讯互动娱乐官方网站-让想象绽放". ieg.tencent.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 5 August 2018. Diakses tanggal 3 July 2018. 
  125. ^ "Tencent 腾讯 - Products & Services". www.tencent.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 4 July 2018. Diakses tanggal 3 July 2018. 
  126. ^ Products and Services > Interactive Entertainment Service Diarsipkan 1 August 2009 di Wayback Machine. Tencent official Site
  127. ^ a b c Yang, Yuan (18 May 2017). "Tencent's mobile gaming dominance helps profits soar". Financial Times (dalam bahasa Inggris). hlm. 15. Diarsipkan dari versi asliPerlu langganan berbayar tanggal 23 July 2017. Diakses tanggal 18 May 2017. 
  128. ^ "World's top grossing mobile game debunks gender stereotype". TechNode. 3 July 2017. 
  129. ^ a b "Tencent's WeGame gaming platform goes online September 1st". TechNode. 18 August 2017. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 21 August 2017. Diakses tanggal 1 September 2017. 
  130. ^ Chow, Vivienne (July 4, 2017). "Tencent Loses $14 Billion After Criticism From Chinese Media". Variety. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 11 January 2019. Diakses tanggal July 30, 2017. 
  131. ^ "Why Tencent's controversial Honour of King has 200 million players". South China Morning Post (dalam bahasa Inggris). 
  132. ^ "Mobile game King of Glory so popular in China, Tencent has to limit game plays". AsiaOne. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 24 March 2019. Diakses tanggal 28 February 2019. 
  133. ^ Moyen, Motek (28 August 2017). "Tencent's 'Honor Of King' Will Cannibalize International Sales Of 'League Of Legends'". Seeking Alpha. 
  134. ^ "Arena of Valor Revenue Clears $140 Million Outside China". sensortower.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 11 April 2019. Diakses tanggal 2019-02-28. 
  135. ^ "Tencent's Honor of Kings Led Mobile Game Revenue in 2018 with Almost $2 Billion Grossed". Sensor Tower. 10 January 2019. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 18 January 2019. Diakses tanggal 21 January 2019. 
  136. ^ Abkowitz, Alyssa (19 October 2017). "Three Cheers for Xi Jinping! Wait, Make That a Billion". Wall Street Journal (dalam bahasa Inggris). ISSN 0099-9660. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 19 October 2017. Diakses tanggal 20 October 2017. 
  137. ^ Huang, Zheping (August 6, 2019). "Tencent Helps Communist Party Pay Homage to the China Dream". Bloomberg News. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 12 August 2019. Diakses tanggal August 12, 2019. 
  138. ^ Li, Pei; Goh, Brenda (2019-08-05). "'Homeland Dream': Chinese gaming giants unveil titles that play up patriotic values". Reuters (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 12 August 2019. Diakses tanggal 2019-08-12. 
  139. ^ "'League of Legends' is now fully owned by China's Tencent". Engadget (dalam bahasa Inggris). 17 December 2015. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 22 January 2019. Diakses tanggal 21 January 2019. 
  140. ^ Warren, Tom (27 June 2018). "PUBG drops Fortnite copyright lawsuit as the battle ends in a draw". The Verge. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 22 January 2019. Diakses tanggal 21 January 2019. 
  141. ^ Frank (16 May 2016). "Tencent Unveiled A Windows 10 Based Game Console In China". InsideGamesAsia. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 28 July 2017. Diakses tanggal 28 July 2017. 
  142. ^ "Tencent wins rights to officially release PUBG in China, will 'accord with socialist core values'". pcgamer (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 12 March 2018. Diakses tanggal 11 March 2018. 
  143. ^ Hall, Charlie (17 April 2017). "Steam has a massive new competitor". Polygon. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 29 August 2017. Diakses tanggal 1 September 2017. 
  144. ^ "Tencent to launch global digital games platform to rival Steam, called WeGame". PCGamesN. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 1 September 2017. Diakses tanggal 1 September 2017. 
  145. ^ a b "How Tencent's WeGame is changing to compete with Steam in China". VentureBeat. 18 May 2017. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 1 September 2017. Diakses tanggal 1 September 2017. 
  146. ^ "Chinese gaming giant Tencent is rebranding its digital store as 'WeGame'". pcgamer (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 1 September 2017. Diakses tanggal 1 September 2017. 
  147. ^ Hancock, Tom (12 September 2017). "Tencent to use AI and games to push under-developed ads business". Financial Times. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 13 September 2017. Diakses tanggal 13 September 2017. 
  148. ^ "Honour of Kings publisher leads US$2.45b takeover of Ubisoft". South China Morning Post (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 24 March 2018. Diakses tanggal 23 March 2018. 
  149. ^ "For Ubisoft it's goodbye Vivendi, hello Tencent". GamesIndustry.biz (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 23 March 2018. Diakses tanggal 23 March 2018. 
  150. ^ Shaw, Aimee (21 May 2018). "Internet giant Tencent Holdings acquires majority stake in Kiwi gaming firm Grinding Gear Games". NZ Herald (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 22 May 2018. Diakses tanggal 21 May 2018. 
  151. ^ "Quick Take: NetEase Partners With U.S. Game Developer Bungie - Caixin Global". www.caixinglobal.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 15 August 2018. Diakses tanggal 2018-08-15. 
  152. ^ "Tencent isn't just Ubisoft's savior — it's the world's biggest gaming company". polygon.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 25 June 2018. Diakses tanggal 3 July 2018. 
  153. ^ "Riot Games now owned entirely by Tencent". polygon.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 7 April 2019. Diakses tanggal 3 July 2018. 
  154. ^ Kerr, Chris. "Tencent agrees to $8.6 billion Supercell purchase". gamasutra.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 3 July 2018. Diakses tanggal 3 July 2018. 
  155. ^ "Tencent acquires majority stake in Path of Exile studio". pcgamer.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 3 July 2018. Diakses tanggal 3 July 2018. 
  156. ^ a b Kerr, Chris. "China's Tencent Folds Yet Another Video Game Company Into Its Empire". fortune.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 31 August 2018. Diakses tanggal 3 July 2018. 
  157. ^ "Tencent acquiring 5% equity in Paradox". GamesIndustry.biz (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 3 July 2018. Diakses tanggal 2019-04-09. 
  158. ^ "China's Tencent moves into Europe with investment in mobile and online game publisher Miniclip (exclusive)". venturebeat.com. 18 February 2015. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 17 June 2018. Diakses tanggal 3 July 2018. 
  159. ^ Machkovech, Sam (2019-03-19). "Call of Duty Mobile announced for iOS, Android, made by China's Tencent". Ars Technica (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 26 July 2019. Diakses tanggal 2019-10-07. 
  160. ^ "Archived copy". www.digitaltrends.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 7 October 2019. Diakses tanggal 2019-10-07. 
  161. ^ Taylor, Haydn (September 30, 2019). "Tencent acquires minority stake in Funcom". GamesIndustry.biz. Diakses tanggal September 30, 2019. 
  162. ^ Handrahan, Matthew (January 22, 2020). "Tencent bids to acquire 100% of Funcom". GamesIndustry.biz. Diakses tanggal January 22, 2020. 
  163. ^ Ali Jaafar (17 September 2015). "China's Tencent Partners With Legendary And Wanda On 'Warcraft'". Deadline Hollywood. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 21 October 2015. Diakses tanggal 11 October 2015. 
  164. ^ "China's Tencent Hatches Penguin Pictures". Variety. September 11, 2015. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 5 April 2019. Diakses tanggal 12 March 2019. 
  165. ^ "上海腾讯企鹅影视文化传播有限公司制作的影片-电影公司-Mtime时光网". movie.mtime.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 28 August 2018. Diakses tanggal 2018-08-28. 
  166. ^ "Tencent 腾讯 - Products & Services". www.tencent.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 23 May 2017. Diakses tanggal 2019-03-23. 
  167. ^ "Tencent to bring Chinese comics to North American readers". South China Morning Post (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 12 September 2017. Diakses tanggal 11 September 2017. 
  168. ^ Carsten, Paul (16 December 2014). "Tencent, Sony strike China music distribution deal". Reuters. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 24 September 2015. Diakses tanggal 2 July 2017. 
  169. ^ "Tencent Music in harmony with Alibaba following rights deal". The Drum (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 12 September 2017. Diakses tanggal 12 September 2017. 
  170. ^ "Alibaba, Tencent sign music-streaming rights deal". South China Morning Post (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 12 September 2017. Diakses tanggal 12 September 2017. 
  171. ^ "Tencent Music, Spotify to Swap Minority Stakes - Caixin Global". www.caixinglobal.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 15 August 2018. Diakses tanggal 2018-08-15. 
  172. ^ "Spotify and Tencent equity swap confirmed". TheIndustryObserver (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 12 December 2017. Diakses tanggal 11 December 2017. 
  173. ^ "Spotify and China's Tencent invest in each other as part of 'strategic collaboration' | VentureBeat". venturebeat.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 9 December 2017. Diakses tanggal 8 December 2017. 
  174. ^ "Tencent, TuneCore, & CD Baby reach agreement". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 11 October 2019. Diakses tanggal 14 October 2019. 
  175. ^ Products and Services, E-commerce Diarsipkan 16 August 2009 di Wayback Machine. Tencent Official Site
  176. ^ Wright, Chris. "Tencent: The Alibaba That's Already Listed". Forbes (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 9 September 2017. Diakses tanggal 2019-03-12. 
  177. ^ a b "JD.com, Inc". corporate.jd.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 15 March 2019. Diakses tanggal 2019-03-12. 
  178. ^ "Fake Goods Kill Chinese E-commerce Hope". ChinaTechNews.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2 August 2016. Diakses tanggal 2019-03-12. 
  179. ^ "JD is starting a second-hand e-commerce service "Paipai" · TechNode". TechNode (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2017-12-25. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 8 April 2018. Diakses tanggal 2019-03-12. 
  180. ^ "4 take aways from 34 new Chinese unicorns in 2017: IT Juzi report · TechNode". TechNode (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2018-01-04. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 14 June 2018. Diakses tanggal 2019-03-12. 
  181. ^ Products and Services > Online Media Diarsipkan 2 August 2009 di Wayback Machine. Tencent Official Site
  182. ^ Tencent to Build 3000-person Search Army to Power Search Engine Diarsipkan 15 August 2011 di Wayback Machine. cnreviews.com, 14 April 2008
  183. ^ "Soso.com Traffic, Demographics and Competitors - Alexa". www.alexa.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 23 March 2019. Diakses tanggal 2019-03-23. 
  184. ^ What Valley Companies Should Know about Tencent Diarsipkan 19 August 2011 di Wayback Machine. techcrunch.com, 20 June 2010
  185. ^ "搜搜"入赘"搜狗之后，产品如何取舍？_网易科技". tech.163.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 23 March 2019. Diakses tanggal 2019-03-23. 
  186. ^ "Tencent Releases "QQ Player"". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 3 March 2016. Diakses tanggal 14 August 2015. 
  187. ^ Products & Services > Instant Messaging Service Diarsipkan 1 August 2009 di Wayback Machine. Tencent Official Site
  188. ^ Mozilla Takes on Microsoft in China Diarsipkan 7 August 2009 di Wayback Machine. businessweek.com, 11 January 2008, 7:21AM EST
  189. ^ "配合腾讯微博公测 QQ2010 Beta3试用版发布-QQ,2010,beta,微博 ——快科技(原驱动之家)--全球最新科技资讯专业发布平台". news.mydrivers.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 23 March 2019. Diakses tanggal 2019-03-23. 
  190. ^ "腾讯视频纪录片频道上线_科技频道_凤凰网". tech.ifeng.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 12 December 2017. Diakses tanggal 2019-03-23. 
  191. ^ "腾讯"新房+后市场"业务闭环成形". qq.com. Tencent. Diakses tanggal 1 May 2017. 
  192. ^ Tan, Su-Lin. "Australian Juwai.com and Chinese tech giant Tencent launch new property website". Australian Financial Review. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 14 December 2017. Diakses tanggal 1 May 2017. 
  193. ^ Horwitz, Josh. "China's Tencent is quietly testing a "social credit score" based on people's online behavior". Quartz. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 10 February 2018. Diakses tanggal 9 February 2018. 
  194. ^ Liao Shumin (3 November 2017). "Tencent Establishes Insurance Platform WeSure Through WeChat and QQ". YICAI. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2 April 2018. Diakses tanggal 1 April 2018. 
  195. ^ Bradshaw, Tim (30 April 2017). "Tencent poised to launch virtual reality headset". Financial Times. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 23 September 2017. Diakses tanggal 30 April 2017. 
  196. ^ "The Wall Street Journal, "One of the Best Investments in History Becomes a Headache"". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 22 October 2019. Diakses tanggal 24 October 2019. 
  197. ^ "Tencent Shows Off High Tech Shenzhen Headquarters". Mingtiandi (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2019-01-23. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 3 May 2019. Diakses tanggal 2019-05-03. 
  198. ^ "Tencent 腾讯 - Investor Relations". www.tencent.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 19 March 2019. Diakses tanggal 2019-05-06. 
  199. ^ "Tencent 腾讯 - Investor Relations". www.tencent.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 6 May 2019. Diakses tanggal 2019-05-06. 
  200. ^ a b Company Snapshot: Tencent Technology (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. businessweek.com
  201. ^ China Developers Bring Mobile Widgets to Market Diarsipkan 6 February 2009 di Wayback Machine. nokia.com, 2008
  202. ^ IPEXL Search > Patent Directory > "TENCENT TECHNOLOGY SHENZHEN COMPANY LIMITED" ipexl.com
  203. ^ Steiber, Annika (2018). Management in the digital age: Will China surpass Silicon Valley?. Cham, Switzerland: Springer. hlm. 87. ISBN 978-3-319-67489-6. OCLC 1008760930. 
  204. ^ "Tencent". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 31 March 2017. 
  205. ^ Tencent's innovation is copied... Diarsipkan 24 December 2015 di Wayback Machine. Machine translation Xinhuanet.com, 13 April 2007
  206. ^ Thomson, Iain. "Tencent stripped of antivirus rankings for cheating on tests". The Register. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 29 May 2015. Diakses tanggal 5 June 2015. 
  207. ^ Ilascu, Ionut. "Security Vendor Tencent Optimizes Antivirus for Better Independent Test Results". Softpedia. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 31 May 2015. Diakses tanggal 5 June 2015. 
  208. ^ Hachman, Mark. "Tencent, Qihoo antimalware firms are accused of cheating, stripped of rankings in antivirus tests". PCWorld. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 31 May 2015. Diakses tanggal 5 June 2015. 
  209. ^ "Tencent and Toutiao come out swinging at each other" (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 11 October 2018. Diakses tanggal 11 October 2018. 
  210. ^ "Tencent sues Toutiao for alleged defamation, demands 1 yuan and apology". TODAYonline. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 11 October 2018. Diakses tanggal 11 October 2018. 
  211. ^ Jiang, Sijia (1 June 2018). "Tencent sues Toutiao for alleged defamation, demands 1 yuan and apology". Reuters (U.S.) (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 11 October 2018. Diakses tanggal 11 October 2018. 
  212. ^ "Tencent and Toutiao sue each other in escalating legal battle". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 11 October 2018. Diakses tanggal 11 October 2018. 
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Tencent.
Diperoleh dari "https://wiki-indonesia.club/w/index.php?title=Tencent&oldid=16535501"