Oliver Otis Howard

Oliver Otis Howard
Potret Oliver O. Howard oleh Mathew Brady, pada Perang Saudara
Julukan	The Christian General
Lahir	(1830-11-08)8 November 1830 Leeds, Maine, AS
Meninggal	26 Oktober 1909(1909-10-26) (umur 78) Burlington, Vermont, AS
Tempat pemakaman	Lakeview Cemetery, Burlington, Vermont
Pengabdian	Amerika Serikat (Union)
Dinas/cabang	Angkatan Darat Amerika Serikat Union Army
Lama dinas	1854–1894
Pangkat	Mayor Jenderal
Komandan	XI Corps IV Corps Army of the Tennessee Freedmen's Bureau United States Military Academy
Perang/pertempuran	Perang Saudara Amerika Pertempuran Bull Run Pertama Pertempuran Seven Pines Pertempuran Antietam Pertempuran Chancellorsville Pertempuran Gettysburg Pertempuran Chattanooga Kampanye Atlanta Pawai Sherman menuju Laut Kampanye Carolina Peperangan Indian
Penghargaan	Thanks of Congress Medal of Honor
Pekerjaan lain	Presiden Universitas Howard Managing Director, Lincoln Memorial University
Tanda tangan

Oliver Otis Howard (8 November 1830 – 26 Oktober 1909) adalah seorang perwira Angkatan Darat Amerika Serikat dan jenderal Union dalam Perang Saudara Amerika. Sebagai komandan brigade dalam Tentara Potomac, Howard kehilangan lengan kanannya saat memimpin pasukannya melawan pasukan Konfederasi dalam Pertempuran Fair Oaks/Seven Pines pada Juni 1862, sebuah pengabdian yang membuatnya meraih Medal of Honor.

Referensi

• Carpenter, John A. "General O. O. Howard at Gettysburg." Civil War History. September 1963.
• Carpenter, John A. "Sword and Olive Branch: Oliver Otis Howard." Bronx, NY, Fordham Univ. Press, 1999. ISBN 978-0823219889.
• Cimbala, Paul A. "Oliver Otis Howard." In Encyclopedia of the American Civil War: A Political, Social, and Military History, edited by David S. Heidler and Jeanne T. Heidler. New York: W. W. Norton & Company, 2000. ISBN 0-393-04758-X.
• Cox, John, and LaWanda Cox. "General O. O. Howard and the 'Misrepresented Bureau'." Journal of Southern History 19, no. 3 (November 1953): 427-56.
• Eicher, John H., and David J. Eicher. Civil War High Commands. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 2001. ISBN 0-8047-3641-3.
• McFeely, William S. Yankee Stepfather: General O.O. Howard and the Freedmen. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1968. ISBN 978-0-300-00315-4.
• Sweeney, Edward R. Making Peace with Cochise: the 1872 Journal of Captain Joseph Alton Sladen. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2008. ISBN 0-8061-2973-5.
• Tagg, Larry. The Generals of Gettysburg, Campbell, CA: Savas Publishing, 1998. ISBN 1-882810-30-9.
• Thomson, David. "Oliver Otis Howard: Reassessing the Legacy of the 'Christian General'." American Nineteenth Century History, 10 (September 2009), 273–98.
• Utley, Robert M. "Oliver Otis Howard." New Mexico Historical Review 62, no. 1 (Winter 1987): 55-63.
• Weil, Gordon L. "The Good Man: The Civil War's "Christian General" and His Fight for Racial Equality". Harpswell, ME: Arthur McAllister Publishers, 2013. ISBN 978-1-935496-06-9.

Pranala luar

• Karya Oliver Otis Howard di Project Gutenberg
• Karya oleh/tentang Oliver Otis Howard di Internet Archive (pencarian dioptimalkan untuk situs non-Beta)
• Howard, Oliver O. "Lincoln's Monument in the Mountains". National Magazine, June 1905 (with photos)
• (Inggris) "Oliver Otis Howard". Claim to Fame: Medal of Honor recipients. Find a Grave. Diakses tanggal 2007-11-06. 
• "Oliver Otis Howard -". General in the Civil War, Reconstruction, and Indian Wars. Biography by Oregon Cultural Heritage Commission. Diakses tanggal 2007-11-06. 
• "Howard Memorial at Gettysburg". HOWARD, Maj Gen Oliver O Memorial at Gettysburg Nat'l Military Park in Gettysburg, Pennsylvania. DC Memorials. 2007-11-02. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2007-10-08. Diakses tanggal 2007-11-06. 
• Oliver Otis Howard and Lincoln Memorial University (PDF)
• "Oliver Otis Howard Papers, 1833-1912". library.bowdoin.edu. Diakses tanggal 5 May 2014. 
• Army of Georgia Historical Society
• Karya di Wikisource:
  • "Howard, Oliver Otis". The New Student's Reference Work. 1914. 
  • "Howard, Oliver Otis". New International Encyclopedia. 1905. 
  • "Howard, Oliver Otis". Appletons' Cyclopædia of American Biography. 1892. 
  • "Howard, Oliver Otis". The American Cyclopædia. 1879.  di Wikisource