Dalet: Perbedaan antara revisi
JohnThorne (bicara | kontrib) ←Membuat halaman berisi '{{For|the designation as "untouchable" in the Hindu caste system|Dalit}} {{other uses}} {{Unreferenced|date=December 2008}} {{Phoenician glyph|letname=Dalet...' |
JohnThorne (bicara | kontrib) Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan |
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{{For|the designation as "untouchable" in the [[Jāti|Hindu caste system]]|Dalit}} |
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{{other uses}} |
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{{Unreferenced|date=December 2008}} |
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'''Dalet''' ({{transl|sem|dāleth}}, juga dieja '''Daleth''' atau '''Daled''') adalah huruf keempat dalam banyak aksara Semitik, termasuk [[abjad Fenisia]], [[abjad Aram]], [[abjad Ibrani]] {{lang|he|ד}}, [[abjad Suryani]] {{lang|syc|ܕ}} dan [[abjad Arab]] {{transl|ar|DIN|dāl}} {{lang|ar|د}} (dalam urutan abjad; kedelapan dalam urutan ejaan). Nilai suaranya adalah [[voiced alveolar plosive]] ({{IPA|[d]}}). |
'''Dalet''' ({{transl|sem|dāleth}}, juga dieja '''Daleth''' atau '''Daled''') adalah huruf keempat dalam banyak aksara Semitik, termasuk [[abjad Fenisia]], [[abjad Aram]], [[abjad Ibrani]] {{lang|he|ד}}, [[abjad Suryani]] {{lang|syc|ܕ}} dan [[abjad Arab]] {{transl|ar|DIN|dāl}} {{lang|ar|د}} (dalam urutan abjad; kedelapan dalam urutan ejaan). Nilai suaranya adalah [[voiced alveolar plosive]] ({{IPA|[d]}}). |
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{{Semitic alphabet}} |
{{Semitic alphabet}} |
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{|class=wikitable style="text-align:center;" |
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!colspan=5|<small>[[ |
!colspan=5|<small>Varian [[Ortografi]]</small> |
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!colspan=3|<small> |
!colspan=3|<small>Berbagai Jenis Huruf Cetak</small> |
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!rowspan=2|<small>[[ |
!rowspan=2|<small>[[Ibrani Kursif|Ibrani<br>Kursif]]</small> |
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!rowspan=2|<small>[[ |
!rowspan=2|<small>[[Tulisan Rashi|Tulisan<br>Rashi]]</small> |
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!|<small>Serif</small> !! <small>[[Sans-serif]]</small> !! <small>[[Monospaced]]</small> |
!|<small>Serif</small> !! <small>[[Sans-serif]]</small> !! <small>[[Monospaced]]</small> |
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|width=20%|[[File:Hebrew letter Daled Rashi.png|35px]] |
|width=20%|[[File:Hebrew letter Daled Rashi.png|35px]] |
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The letter is ''dalet'' in the modern Israeli Hebrew pronunciation (see [[Taw (letter)|Tav (letter)]]). ''Dales'' is still used by many [[Ashkenazi]] Jews and ''daleth'' by some [[Jew]]s of [[Middle East|Middle-Eastern]] background, especially in the diaspora. In some academic circles, it is called ''daleth'', following the [[Tiberian Hebrew]] pronunciation. It is also called ''daled''. The '''ד''' like the [[English language|English]] [[D]] represents a [[voiced alveolar plosive]]. Just as in English, there may be subtle [[Voiced alveolar plosive#Varieties of d|varieties]] of the sound that are created when it is spoken. |
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Huruf ini dilafalkan ''dalet'' dalam bahasa Ibrani Israel Modern (lihat [[Taw (huruf Ibrani)|huruf Taw)]]). Pengucapan ''dales'' masih digunakan oleh banyak orang [[Yahudi Ashkenazi]] dan ''daleth'' oleh sejumlah orang Yahudi dengan latar belakang [[Timur Tengah]], khususnya di [[diaspora]]. Dalam beberapa lingkungan akademik, diucapkan ''daleth'', mengikuti pelafalan [[Ibrani Tiberian]]. Juga diucapkan ''daled''. Huruf '''ד''' seperti huruf [[D]] dalam [[bahasa Indonesia]] melambangkan suara [[voiced alveolar plosive]], dan seperti dalam bahasa Indonesia, ada sedikit variasi suara yang dibuat saat diucapkan. |
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===Variations=== |
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Dalet can receive a [[dagesh]], being one of the 6 letters that can receive Dagesh Kal (see Gimel). |
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=== Variasi === |
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There are minor variations to this letter's pronunciation, such as |
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Dalet dapat menerima sebuah [[dagesh]], sebagai salah satu dari 6 huruf yang menerima ''Dagesh Kal'' (lihat [[Gimel (huruf Ibrani)|Gimel]]). |
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Ada sedikit variasi dalam pelafalannya, misalnya |
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*'''דּ''' dalet {{IPA|/d/}}. |
*'''דּ''' dalet {{IPA|/d/}}. |
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Di samping itu, dalam Ibrani modern, kombinasi '''ד׳''' (dalet diikuti dengan sebuah [[geresh]]) digunakan jika mengalihaksarakan nama asking untuk menyatakan {{IPA|/ð/}}. |
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=== Nilai penting === |
=== Nilai penting === |
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Dalam [[gematria]], dalet melambangkan angka empat. |
Dalam [[gematria]], dalet melambangkan angka empat. |
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The letter dalet, along with the [[He (letter)|He]] (and very rarely [[Gimel (letter)|Gimel]]) is used to represent the [[name of God|Names of God in Judaism]]. The letter He is used commonly, and the dalet is rarer. A good example is the keter (crown) of a [[tallit]], which has the blessing for donning the [[tallit]], and has the name of God usually represented by a dalet. A reason for this is that the He is used as an abbreviation for HaShem "The Name" and the dalet is used as a non-sacred way of referring to God. |
The letter dalet, along with the [[He (letter)|He]] (and very rarely [[Gimel (letter)|Gimel]]) is used to represent the [[name of God|Names of God in Judaism]]. The letter He is used commonly, and the dalet is rarer. A good example is the keter (crown) of a [[tallit]], which has the blessing for donning the [[tallit]], and has the name of God usually represented by a dalet. A reason for this is that the He is used as an abbreviation for HaShem "The Name" and the dalet is used as a non-sacred way of referring to God. |
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in modern Hebrew the frequency of the usage of dalet, out of all the letters, is 2.59%. |
in modern Hebrew the frequency of the usage of dalet, out of all the letters, is 2.59%. |
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== Huruf Suryani Dalath/Dolath == |
== Huruf Suryani Dalath/Dolath == |
Revisi per 10 Mei 2013 23.02
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Fenisia | Ibrani | Aram | Suryani | Arab |
ד | ܕ | د | ||
Alfabet turunan |
Yunani | Latin | Kiril | |
Δ | D | Д | ||
Representasi fonemik: | d, ð | |||
Urutan dalam alfabet: | 4 | |||
Nilai huruf/Gematria: | 4 |
Dalet (dāleth, juga dieja Daleth atau Daled) adalah huruf keempat dalam banyak aksara Semitik, termasuk abjad Fenisia, abjad Aram, abjad Ibrani ד, abjad Suryani ܕ dan abjad Arab dāl د (dalam urutan abjad; kedelapan dalam urutan ejaan). Nilai suaranya adalah voiced alveolar plosive ([d]).
Huruf ini berdasarkan glyph dari alfabet Zaman Perunggu Tengah, mungkin diucapkan dalt "pintu" (pintu dalam bahasa Ibrani Modern adalah delet), akhirnya didasarkan atas hieroglif Mesir yang menggambarkan sebuah "pintu",
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Huruf Fenisia menghasilkan Alfabet Yunani delta (Δ), Alfabet Latin D, dan persamaan dengan Alfabet Sirilik Д.
Huruf Ibrani Dalet
Abjad Semitik |
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Abjad Fenisia (c.1050 – 200 SM) |
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Abjad Ibrani (400 SM – sekarang) |
Niqqud · Dagesh · Gematria |
Abjad Suryani (200 SM – sekarang) |
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Abjad Arab (400 SM – sekarang) |
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Varian Ortografi | ||||
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Berbagai Jenis Huruf Cetak | Ibrani Kursif |
Tulisan Rashi | ||
Serif | Sans-serif | Monospaced | ||
ד | ד | ד |
Ejaan Ibrani: דָּלֶת
Huruf ini dilafalkan dalet dalam bahasa Ibrani Israel Modern (lihat huruf Taw)). Pengucapan dales masih digunakan oleh banyak orang Yahudi Ashkenazi dan daleth oleh sejumlah orang Yahudi dengan latar belakang Timur Tengah, khususnya di diaspora. Dalam beberapa lingkungan akademik, diucapkan daleth, mengikuti pelafalan Ibrani Tiberian. Juga diucapkan daled. Huruf ד seperti huruf D dalam bahasa Indonesia melambangkan suara voiced alveolar plosive, dan seperti dalam bahasa Indonesia, ada sedikit variasi suara yang dibuat saat diucapkan.
Variasi
Dalet dapat menerima sebuah dagesh, sebagai salah satu dari 6 huruf yang menerima Dagesh Kal (lihat Gimel).
Ada sedikit variasi dalam pelafalannya, misalnya
- ד dhalet /d/ (/ð/ di antara orang Teimani, Yahudi Mizrakhi dan beberapa Sefardim; /z/ di antara beberapa Ashkenazim.) atau
- דּ dalet /d/.
Di samping itu, dalam Ibrani modern, kombinasi ד׳ (dalet diikuti dengan sebuah geresh) digunakan jika mengalihaksarakan nama asking untuk menyatakan /ð/.
Nilai penting
Dalam gematria, dalet melambangkan angka empat.
Huruf Suryani Dalath/Dolath
Dalath/Dolath |
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Madnḫaya Dalath |
Serṭo Dolath |
Esṭrangela Dalath |
In the Syriac alphabet, the fourth letter is ܕ — Dolath in western pronunciation, Dalath in eastern pronunciation (ܕܵܠܵܬ). It is one of six letters that represents two associated sounds (the others are Bet, Gimel, Kaph, Pe and Taw). When Dalath/Dolath has a hard pronunciation (qûššāyâ) it is a [d]. When Dalath/Dolath has a soft pronunciation (rûkkāḵâ) it is traditionally pronounced as a [ð]. The letter is very common in Syriac as it is often attached to the beginning of words as the relative pronoun.
Dalath/Dolath is always written with a point below it to distinguish it from the letter Resh (ܪ), which is identical apart from having a point above. As a numeral, Dalath/Dolath stands for the number four. With various systems of dots and dashes, it can also stand for 4,000 and 40,000.
Huruf Arab dāl
Huruf ini dinamai dāl, dan ditulis dalam beberapa cara tergantung posisi dalam kata:
Cara penulisan huruf (د) | |||
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Posisi Lepas | Posisi Awal | Posisi Tengah | Posisi Akhir |
د | (Tidak ada) | (Tidak ada) | ـد |
Encoding Karakter
Pratayang | ד | د | ܕ | ࠃ | ||||
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Nama Unicode | HURUF IBRANI DALET | HURUF ARAB DAL | HURUF SURYANI DALATH | HURUF SAMARIA DALAT | ||||
Pengodean | decimal | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex |
Unicode | 1491 | U+05D3 | 1583 | U+062F | 1813 | U+0715 | 2051 | U+0803 |
UTF-8 | 215 147 | D7 93 | 216 175 | D8 AF | 220 149 | DC 95 | 224 160 131 | E0 A0 83 |
Referensi karakter numerik | ד |
ד |
د |
د |
ܕ |
ܕ |
ࠃ |
ࠃ |
Pratayang | 𐎄 | 𐡃 | 𐤃 | |||
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Nama Unicode | UGARITIC LETTER DELTA | IMPERIAL ARAMAIC LETTER DALETH | PHOENICIAN LETTER DELT | |||
Pengodean | decimal | hex | dec | hex | dec | hex |
Unicode | 66436 | U+10384 | 67651 | U+10843 | 67843 | U+10903 |
UTF-8 | 240 144 142 132 | F0 90 8E 84 | 240 144 161 131 | F0 90 A1 83 | 240 144 164 131 | F0 90 A4 83 |
UTF-16 | 55296 57220 | D800 DF84 | 55298 56387 | D802 DC43 | 55298 56579 | D802 DD03 |
Referensi karakter numerik | 𐎄 |
𐎄 |
𐡃 |
𐡃 |
𐤃 |
𐤃 |