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Sinode Hippo: Perbedaan antara revisi

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'''Sinode Hippo''' atau '''Konsili Hippo''' ({{lang-en|Synod of Hippo}}) merujuk kepada pertemuan [[sinode]] pada tahun 393 yang bertempat di kota [[Hippo Regius]] di [[Afrika Utara]] (sekarang di wilayah [[Aljazair]]) pada zaman gereja [[Kristen]] perdana. Pertemuan-pertemuan berikutnya dilaksanakan pada tahun-tahun 394, 397, 401 dan 426. Beberapa di antaranya dihadiri oleh [[Augustinus dari Hippo]].
'''Sinode Hippo''' atau '''Konsili Hippo''' ({{lang-en|Synod of Hippo}}) merujuk kepada pertemuan [[sinode]] pada tahun 393 yang bertempat di kota [[Hippo Regius]] di [[Afrika Utara]] (sekarang di wilayah [[Aljazair]]) pada zaman gereja [[Kristen]] perdana. Pertemuan-pertemuan berikutnya dilaksanakan pada tahun-tahun 394, 397, 401 dan 426. Beberapa di antaranya dihadiri oleh [[Augustinus dari Hippo]].
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The synod of 393 is best known for two distinct acts. First, for the first time a council of bishops listed and approved a [[Development of the Christian biblical canon|Christian Biblical canon]] that corresponds to the modern [[Roman Catholic]] canon while falling short of the [[Orthodox Church|Orthodox]] [[Biblical canon|canon]] (including the books classed by Roman Catholics as [[deuterocanonical books]] and by Protestants as [[Biblical apocrypha|Apocrypha]]). The canon was later approved at the [[Council of Carthage]] pending ratification by the "[[See of Rome|Church across the sea]]", that is, Rome.<ref>{{citation|last=Francis|first=Havey|contribution=African Synods|title=The Catholic Encyclopedia|publisher=Robert Appleton Company|location=New York|year=1907|url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01199a.htm|accessdate=2013-03-01}}</ref> Previous councils had approved similar, but slightly different, canons. The council also reaffirmed the [[Ius (Canon Law)|apostolic origin]] of the requirement of [[Clerical celibacy|clerical continence]] and reasserted it as a requirement for all the ordained, in addition requiring that all members of a person's household must be Christian before that person can be ordained.<ref>{{citation|last1=Schaff|first1=Philip|authorlink1=Philip Schaff|last2=Wace|first2=Henry|authorlink2=Henry Wace|title=The Seven Ecumenical Councils|url=http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf214.xv.iv.iv.xxxvii.html|series=Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers: Second Series|volume=XIV|publisher=William B Eerdmans Publishing Company|location=Grand Rapids|chapter=Cannon XXXVI|accessdate=2013-03-01}}</ref><ref>{{citation|last=Schrader|first=Charles|date=October 1936|title=The Historical Development of the Papal Monarchy|journal=The Catholic Historical Review|publisher=Catholic University of America Press|volume=22|issue=3|pages=259–282|issn=0008-8080|jstor=25013503}}</ref>
Sinode tahun 393 ini tersohor karena dua tindakan khususnya. Pertama, untuk pertama kalinya suatu konsili para uskup membuat daftar dan menyetujui suatu Kanon Alkitab Kristen yang bersesuaian dengan Alkitab modern st known for two distinct acts. First, for the first time a council of bishops listed and approved a [[Development of the Christian biblical canon|Christian Biblical canon]] that corresponds to the modern [[Roman Catholic]] canon while falling short of the [[Orthodox Church|Orthodox]] [[Biblical canon|canon]] (including the books classed by Roman Catholics as [[deuterocanonical books]] and by Protestants as [[Biblical apocrypha|Apocrypha]]). Kanon ini kemudian disetujui oleh [[Konsili Kartago]] dengan menunggu ratifikasi oleh "Gereja di seberang lautan", yaitu [[Roma]] (''See of Rome'').<ref>{{citation|last=Francis|first=Havey|contribution=African Synods|title=The Catholic Encyclopedia|publisher=Robert Appleton Company|location=New York|year=1907|url=http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/01199a.htm|accessdate=2013-03-01}}</ref> Konsili-konsili sebelumnya pernah menyetujui kanon yang mirip, tetapi agak berbeda susunannya. The council also reaffirmed the [[Ius (Canon Law)|apostolic origin]] of the requirement of [[Clerical celibacy|clerical continence]] and reasserted it as a requirement for all the ordained, in addition requiring that all members of a person's household must be Christian before that person can be ordained.<ref>{{citation|last1=Schaff|first1=Philip|authorlink1=Philip Schaff|last2=Wace|first2=Henry|authorlink2=Henry Wace|title=The Seven Ecumenical Councils|url=http://www.ccel.org/ccel/schaff/npnf214.xv.iv.iv.xxxvii.html|series=Nicene and Post-Nicene Fathers: Second Series|volume=XIV|publisher=William B Eerdmans Publishing Company|location=Grand Rapids|chapter=Cannon XXXVI|accessdate=2013-03-01}}</ref><ref>{{citation|last=Schrader|first=Charles|date=October 1936|title=The Historical Development of the Papal Monarchy|journal=The Catholic Historical Review|publisher=Catholic University of America Press|volume=22|issue=3|pages=259–282|issn=0008-8080|jstor=25013503}}</ref>


Rules regarding clerical succession were also clarified at the Synod,<ref>{{citation|last=Beaver|first=R Pierce|date=June 1936|title=The Organization of the Church of Africa on the Eve of the Vandal Invasion|journal=Church History|publisher=Cambridge University Press|volume=5|issue=2|pages=168–181|issn=0009-6407|jstor=3160527|doi=10.2307/3160527}}</ref> as well as certain liturgical considerations.<ref>{{citation|last=Shepherd|first=Massey Jr.|year=1961|title=The Formation and Influence of Antiochene Liturgy|journal=Dumbarton Oaks Papers|publisher=Dumbarton Oaks|volume=15|pages=23+25–44|issn=0070-7546|jstor=1291174|doi=10.2307/1291174}}</ref>
Aturan mengenai penggantian pejabat gerejawi juga dijelaskan dalam Sinode ini,<ref>{{citation|last=Beaver|first=R Pierce|date=June 1936|title=The Organization of the Church of Africa on the Eve of the Vandal Invasion|journal=Church History|publisher=Cambridge University Press|volume=5|issue=2|pages=168–181|issn=0009-6407|jstor=3160527|doi=10.2307/3160527}}</ref> sebagaimana beberapa pertimbangan liturgis tertentu.<ref>{{citation|last=Shepherd|first=Massey Jr.|year=1961|title=The Formation and Influence of Antiochene Liturgy|journal=Dumbarton Oaks Papers|publisher=Dumbarton Oaks|volume=15|pages=23+25–44|issn=0070-7546|jstor=1291174|doi=10.2307/1291174}}</ref>
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== Referensi ==
== Referensi ==
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[[Category:4th-century Christian church councils|Hippo]]
[[Category:4th-century Christian church councils|Hippo]]
[[Category:5th-century Christian church councils|Hippo]]
[[Category:5th-century Christian church councils|Hippo]]
[[Kategori:Sejarah gereja]]

Revisi per 13 September 2013 13.04

Sinode Hippo atau Konsili Hippo (bahasa Inggris: Synod of Hippo) merujuk kepada pertemuan sinode pada tahun 393 yang bertempat di kota Hippo Regius di Afrika Utara (sekarang di wilayah Aljazair) pada zaman gereja Kristen perdana. Pertemuan-pertemuan berikutnya dilaksanakan pada tahun-tahun 394, 397, 401 dan 426. Beberapa di antaranya dihadiri oleh Augustinus dari Hippo.

Referensi