Kupu-kupu ekor layang-layang: Perbedaan antara revisi
Tampilan
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
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Rachmat-bot (bicara | kontrib) k Robot: Perubahan kosmetika |
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Ekor layang-layang memiliki beberapa ciri khas, misalnya [[ulat]] Papilionid mempunyai organ [[repugnatorial]] yang disebut [[osmeterium]] di [[protoraks]]nya. Osmoterium tersebut biasanya tersembunyi, namun jika merasa terancam, pupa akan keluar melalui alur dorsal melintang<ref name="isbn0-412-61390-5">{{cite book |author=Richards, O. W.; Davies, R.G. |title=Imms' General Textbook of Entomology: Volume 1: Structure, Physiology and Development Volume 2: Classification and Biology |publisher=Springer |location=Berlin |year=1977 |pages= |isbn=0-412-61390-5 |oclc= |doi= |accessdate=}}</ref> dengan pemompaan menggunakan darah. |
Ekor layang-layang memiliki beberapa ciri khas, misalnya [[ulat]] Papilionid mempunyai organ [[repugnatorial]] yang disebut [[osmeterium]] di [[protoraks]]nya. Osmoterium tersebut biasanya tersembunyi, namun jika merasa terancam, pupa akan keluar melalui alur dorsal melintang<ref name="isbn0-412-61390-5">{{cite book |author=Richards, O. W.; Davies, R.G. |title=Imms' General Textbook of Entomology: Volume 1: Structure, Physiology and Development Volume 2: Classification and Biology |publisher=Springer |location=Berlin |year=1977 |pages= |isbn=0-412-61390-5 |oclc= |doi= |accessdate=}}</ref> dengan pemompaan menggunakan darah. |
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==Catatan kaki== |
== Catatan kaki == |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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== Bahan bacaan == |
== Bahan bacaan == |
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* Igarashi, S. (1979). ''Papilionidae'' and their early stages [in Japanese]. 2 vols. - Tokyo, Kodansha, 218 pp., 357 pls. |
* Igarashi, S. (1979). ''Papilionidae'' and their early stages [in Japanese]. 2 vols. - Tokyo, Kodansha, 218 pp., 357 pls. |
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* James, D.G. & Nunnallee, D. (2011). Life Histories of Cascadia Butterflies. |
* James, D.G. & Nunnallee, D. (2011). Life Histories of Cascadia Butterflies. |
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* Korolev V.A. (2014). Cataloges on the collection of ''Lepidoptera''. Part II. ''Papilionidae''. - Moscow, 387 p., 20 color tabs, ISBN 978-5- |
* Korolev V.A. (2014). Cataloges on the collection of ''Lepidoptera''. Part II. ''Papilionidae''. - Moscow, 387 p., 20 color tabs, ISBN 978-5-00-077163-1 |
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* Pelham, J. (2008). ''Catalogue of the Butterflies of the United States and Canada.'' |
* Pelham, J. (2008). ''Catalogue of the Butterflies of the United States and Canada.'' |
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* Pyle, R.M. (2002). ''The Butterflies of Cascadia.'' |
* Pyle, R.M. (2002). ''The Butterflies of Cascadia.'' |
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* Rothschild, L.W. (1895). |
* Rothschild, L.W. (1895). A revision of the Papilios of the Eastern Hemisphere, exclusive of Africa. ''Novit. Zool.'' 2(3):167-463 and plates [https://ia600505.us.archive.org/14/items/novitateszoologi02lond/novitateszoologi02lond.pdf pdf] |
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* Seitz, A. (1907). 1. ''Gattung Papilio, Schwalbenschwänze.'' In: Seitz, A. (ed). ''Die Groß-Schmetterlinger der Erde. I. Abteilung (Die Großschmetterlinge des Palaeakrtischen Faunengebietes). 1. Band: Tagfalter.'' pp. 8–15. F. Lehmann, Stuttgart. |
* Seitz, A. (1907). 1. ''Gattung Papilio, Schwalbenschwänze.'' In: Seitz, A. (ed). ''Die Groß-Schmetterlinger der Erde. I. Abteilung (Die Großschmetterlinge des Palaeakrtischen Faunengebietes). 1. Band: Tagfalter.'' pp. 8–15. F. Lehmann, Stuttgart. |
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* Talbot, G. (1939). ''The Fauna of British India. Butterflies. Volume 1. Papilionidae and Pieridae.'' Taylor & Francis, London; xxix, 600 pp., 3 pls, 1 map. |
* Talbot, G. (1939). ''The Fauna of British India. Butterflies. Volume 1. Papilionidae and Pieridae.'' Taylor & Francis, London; xxix, 600 pp., 3 pls, 1 map. |
Revisi per 5 Januari 2016 02.27
Kupu-kupu ekor layang-layang | |
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Klasifikasi ilmiah | |
Kerajaan: | |
Filum: | |
Kelas: | |
Ordo: | |
Subordo: | |
Superfamili: | |
Famili: | Papilionidae Latreille, [1802]
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Spesies tipe | |
Papilio machaon | |
Subkeluarga dan genus | |
Ada 31 genera dan sekitar 600 spesies:
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Kupu-kupu ekor layang-layang atau Papilionidae adalah keluarga kupu-kupu berukuran besar dan berwarna-warni yang terdiri dari lebih dari 550 spesies.[1] Sebagian besar kupu-kupu ini dapat ditemukan di wilayah tropis dan hampir bisa ditemukan di setiap benua, kecuali Antartika. Dalam keluarga ini terdapat kupu-kupu terbesar yaitu kupu-kupu sayap-burung dari genus Ornithoptera.[2]
Ekor layang-layang memiliki beberapa ciri khas, misalnya ulat Papilionid mempunyai organ repugnatorial yang disebut osmeterium di protoraksnya. Osmoterium tersebut biasanya tersembunyi, namun jika merasa terancam, pupa akan keluar melalui alur dorsal melintang[3] dengan pemompaan menggunakan darah.
Catatan kaki
- ^ Häuser, Christoph L.; de Jong, Rienk; Lamas, Gerardo; Robbins, Robert K.; Smith, Campbell; Vane-Wright, Richard I. (28 July 2005). "Papilionidae – revised GloBIS/GART species checklist (2nd draft)". Diakses tanggal 8 November 2010.
- ^ Reed, Robert D.; Sperling, Felix A.H. (2006). "Papilionidae – The Swallowtail Butterflies". Tree of Life Web Project. Diakses tanggal 7 November 2010. Hapus pranala luar di parameter
|publisher=
(bantuan) - ^ Richards, O. W.; Davies, R.G. (1977). Imms' General Textbook of Entomology: Volume 1: Structure, Physiology and Development Volume 2: Classification and Biology. Berlin: Springer. ISBN 0-412-61390-5.
Bahan bacaan
- Chattopadhyay, J. (2007). Swallowtail Butterflies, Biology & Ecology of a few Indian Species. Desh Prashan, Kolkata, India. - 134 pp. ISBN 978-81-905719-1-3.
- Glassberg, J. (2001). Butterflies through Binoculars. The West.
- Guppy, C.S. and Shepard, J.H. (2001). Butterflies of British Columbia.
- Igarashi, S. (1979). Papilionidae and their early stages [in Japanese]. 2 vols. - Tokyo, Kodansha, 218 pp., 357 pls.
- James, D.G. & Nunnallee, D. (2011). Life Histories of Cascadia Butterflies.
- Korolev V.A. (2014). Cataloges on the collection of Lepidoptera. Part II. Papilionidae. - Moscow, 387 p., 20 color tabs, ISBN 978-5-00-077163-1
- Pelham, J. (2008). Catalogue of the Butterflies of the United States and Canada.
- Pyle, R.M. (2002). The Butterflies of Cascadia.
- Rothschild, L.W. (1895). A revision of the Papilios of the Eastern Hemisphere, exclusive of Africa. Novit. Zool. 2(3):167-463 and plates pdf
- Seitz, A. (1907). 1. Gattung Papilio, Schwalbenschwänze. In: Seitz, A. (ed). Die Groß-Schmetterlinger der Erde. I. Abteilung (Die Großschmetterlinge des Palaeakrtischen Faunengebietes). 1. Band: Tagfalter. pp. 8–15. F. Lehmann, Stuttgart.
- Talbot, G. (1939). The Fauna of British India. Butterflies. Volume 1. Papilionidae and Pieridae. Taylor & Francis, London; xxix, 600 pp., 3 pls, 1 map.
- Tuzov V., Bogdanov P., Devyatkin A., Kaabak L., Korolev V., Murzin V., Samodurov G., Tarassov E. (1997). Guide to the butterflies of Russia and adjacent territories (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera). Vol. 1. Sofia-Moscow: Pensoft-Press, 480 p., 79 col. plates.
- Warren, A.D., Davis, K.J., Grishin, N.V., Pelham, J.P., Stangeland, E.M. (2012). Interactive Listing of American Butterflies.