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Para sultan [[Kesultanan Utsmaniyah|Dinasti Utsmaniyah]] menguasai wilayah kekuasaan transkontinental yang sangat luas mulai dari tahun 1299 hingga 1922. Pada puncak kejayaannya, [[Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]] berkuasa mulai dari [[Hongaria]] hingga ke bagian utara [[Somalia]] di sebelah selatan, dan dari [[Aljazair]] di sebelah barat hingga [[Irak]] di sebelah timur. Ibukotanya mula-mula adalah [[Bursa]] di [[Anatolia]], kemudian dipindahkan ke [[Edirne]] pada tahun 1366 dan ke [[Konstantinopel]] atau [[Istanbul]] pada tahun 1453 setelah [[Kejatuhan Konstantinopel]] [[Kekaisaran Bizantium]]<ref>[[#Sta01|Stavrides 2001]], p. 21</ref>
Para sultan [[Kesultanan Utsmaniyah|Dinasti Utsmaniyah]] menguasai wilayah kekuasaan transkontinental yang sangat luas mulai dari tahun 1299 hingga 1922. Pada puncak kejayaannya, [[Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]] berkuasa mulai dari [[Hongaria]] hingga ke bagian utara [[Somalia]] di sebelah selatan, dan dari [[Aljazair]] di sebelah barat hingga [[Irak]] di sebelah timur. Ibukotanya mula-mula adalah [[Bursa]] di [[Anatolia]], kemudian dipindahkan ke [[Edirne]] pada tahun 1366 dan ke [[Konstantinopel]] atau [[Istanbul]] pada tahun 1453 setelah [[Kejatuhan Konstantinopel]] [[Kekaisaran Bizantium]]<ref>[[#Sta01|Stavrides 2001]], p. 21</ref>
<!--The Ottoman Empire's [[Rise of the Ottoman Empire|early years]] have been the subject of varying narratives due to the difficulty of discerning fact from legend; nevertheless, most modern scholars agree that the empire came into existence around 1299 and that its first ruler was [[Osman I]] [[Khan (title)|Khan]] (leader) of the [[Kayı tribe]] of the [[Oghuz Turks]].<ref>[[#Gla96|Glazer 1996]], "The Ottoman Empire"</ref> The Ottoman Dynasty he founded was to endure for six centuries through the reigns of 36 sultans. The Ottoman Empire disappeared as a result of the defeat of the [[Central Powers]] with whom it had allied itself during [[World War I]]. The [[Partitioning of the Ottoman Empire|partitioning of the empire]] by the victorious [[Allies of World War I|Allies]] and the ensuing [[Turkish War of Independence]] led to the birth of the modern [[Turkey|Republic of Turkey]].<ref>[[#Gla96|Glazer 1996]], "War of Independence"</ref>
<!--The Ottoman Empire's [[Rise of the Ottoman Empire|early years]] have been the subject of varying narratives due to the difficulty of discerning fact from legend; nevertheless, most modern scholars agree that the empire came into existence around 1299 and that its first ruler was [[Osman I]] [[Khan (title)|Khan]] (leader) of the [[Kayı tribe]] of the [[Oghuz Turks]].<ref>[[#Gla96|Glazer 1996]], "The Ottoman Empire"</ref> The Ottoman Dynasty he founded was to endure for six centuries through the reigns of 36 sultans. The Ottoman Empire disappeared as a result of the defeat of the [[Central Powers]] with whom it had allied itself during [[World War I]]. The [[Partitioning of the Ottoman Empire|partitioning of the empire]] by the victorious [[Allies of World War I|Allies]] and the ensuing [[Turkish War of Independence]] led to the birth of the modern [[Turkey|Republic of Turkey]].<ref>[[#Gla96|Glazer 1996]], "War of Independence"</ref>


Baris 48: Baris 48:
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*Anak [[Suleyman Shah|Kaya Alp Oğlu Süleyman Şah]] dan [http://web.archive.org/web/20060615093426/www.4dw.net/royalark/Turkey/turkey2.htm Haimā ''(Hayme)'' Ana];
* Anak [[Suleyman Shah|Kaya Alp Oğlu Süleyman Şah]] dan [http://web.archive.org/web/20060615093426/www.4dw.net/royalark/Turkey/turkey2.htm Haimā ''(Hayme)'' Ana];
*Bertakhta hingga kematiannya.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FFBB4CD394874238F9 | title = Sultan Osman Gazi | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = [[Ministry of Culture and Tourism (Turkey)|Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism]]}}</ref>
* Bertakhta hingga kematiannya.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FFBB4CD394874238F9 | title = Sultan Osman Gazi | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = [[Ministry of Culture and Tourism (Turkey)|Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism]]}}</ref>
*[http://web.archive.org/web/20060615093426/www.4dw.net/royalark/Turkey/turkey2.htm Ayah Osman Ghazi dan pemimpin terpilih] dari [[Suku Kayı|klan Kayı]] dari [[Turki Oghuz|suku Oghuz]].
* [http://web.archive.org/web/20060615093426/www.4dw.net/royalark/Turkey/turkey2.htm Ayah Osman Ghazi dan pemimpin terpilih] dari [[Suku Kayı|klan Kayı]] dari [[Turki Oghuz|suku Oghuz]].
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Baris 59: Baris 59:
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*Anak [[Ertuğrul|Ertuğrul ''Ghazi'']] dan [http://web.archive.org/web/20060615093426/www.4dw.net/royalark/Turkey/turkey2.htm Khālîma Khānum];
* Anak [[Ertuğrul|Ertuğrul ''Ghazi'']] dan [http://web.archive.org/web/20060615093426/www.4dw.net/royalark/Turkey/turkey2.htm Khālîma Khānum];
*Dipilih oleh para Bey dan Ghazi dari [[suku Kayı]] sebagai pemimpin menggantikan ayahnya, [[Ertuğrul|Ertuğrul ''Ghazi'']], dan menjadi ''Amir'' oleh [[Kayqubad III|Âlâ ud-dîn Kayqubad III]], Sultan [[Kesultanan Rûm|Kesultanan Seljuq Anatolia Rûm]].
* Dipilih oleh para Bey dan Ghazi dari [[suku Kayı]] sebagai pemimpin menggantikan ayahnya, [[Ertuğrul|Ertuğrul ''Ghazi'']], dan menjadi ''Amir'' oleh [[Kayqubad III|Âlâ ud-dîn Kayqubad III]], Sultan [[Kesultanan Rûm|Kesultanan Seljuq Anatolia Rûm]].
*Menjadi pemimpin yang berdaulat setelah kejatuhan [[Kesultanan Ikonium]] pada 27 Juli 1299.
* Menjadi pemimpin yang berdaulat setelah kejatuhan [[Kesultanan Ikonium]] pada 27 Juli 1299.
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| colspan=7 style="background:#B9B9B9" | [[Pendirian Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]]<br /><small>([[Kesultanan Utsmaniyah|27 Juli 1299]] – [[Pertempuran Ankara|20 Juli 1402]])</small>
| colspan=7 style="background:#B9B9B9" | [[Pendirian Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]]<br /><small>([[Kesultanan Utsmaniyah|27 Juli 1299]] – [[Pertempuran Ankara|20 Juli 1402]])</small>
Baris 72: Baris 72:
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*Anak [[Ertuğrul|Ertuğrul ''Ghazi'']] dan [http://web.archive.org/web/20060615093426/www.4dw.net/royalark/Turkey/turkey2.htm Khālîma Khānum];
* Anak [[Ertuğrul|Ertuğrul ''Ghazi'']] dan [http://web.archive.org/web/20060615093426/www.4dw.net/royalark/Turkey/turkey2.htm Khālîma Khānum];
*On 27 Juli 1299, declared his independence from the [[Anadolu Selçuklu Devleti|Anatolian Seljuk Empire]].
* On 27 Juli 1299, declared his independence from the [[Anadolu Selçuklu Devleti|Anatolian Seljuk Empire]].
*Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FFBB4CD394874238F9 | title = Sultan Osman Gazi | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = [[Kementerian Budaya dan Pariwisata (Turki)|Kementerian Budaya dan Pariwisata Republik Turki]]}}</ref>
* Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FFBB4CD394874238F9 | title = Sultan Osman Gazi | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = [[Kementerian Budaya dan Pariwisata (Turki)|Kementerian Budaya dan Pariwisata Republik Turki]]}}</ref>
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Baris 83: Baris 83:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Orhan.JPG|80px|Tughra of Orhan]]
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*Putra Osman I dan [[Mal Hatun|Malhun (Māl) Khātûn]];
* Putra Osman I dan [[Mal Hatun|Malhun (Māl) Khātûn]];
*Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF31C7A21930E7131C | title = Sultan Orhan Gazi | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF31C7A21930E7131C | title = Sultan Orhan Gazi | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
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Baris 95: Baris 95:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Murad I.svg|80px|Tughra of Murad I]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Murad I.svg|80px|Tughra of Murad I]]
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*Anak Orhan I dan [[Holofira|Nilufer Khātûn]];
* Anak Orhan I dan [[Holofira|Nilufer Khātûn]];
*Terbunuh di medan [[Pertempuran Kosovo]] pada 15 Juni 1389.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF84BE542EF5DE616A | title = Sultan Murad Hüdavendigar Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Terbunuh di medan [[Pertempuran Kosovo]] pada 15 Juni 1389.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF84BE542EF5DE616A | title = Sultan Murad Hüdavendigar Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
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| [[Berkas:Tughra of Bayezid I.JPG|80px|Tughra of Bayezid I]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Bayezid I.JPG|80px|Tughra of Bayezid I]]
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*Anak Murad I dan [[Gülçiçek Hatun|Gül-Çiçek Khātûn]];
* Anak Murad I dan [[Gülçiçek Hatun|Gül-Çiçek Khātûn]];
*Tertangkap pada [[Pertempuran Ankara]] (''de facto'' akhir masa pemerintahan);
* Tertangkap pada [[Pertempuran Ankara]] (''de facto'' akhir masa pemerintahan);
*Meninggal di pengasingan [[Akşehir]] pada 8 Maret 1403.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FFA6B896F16D985D5D | title = Sultan Yıldırım Beyezid Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Meninggal di pengasingan [[Akşehir]] pada 8 Maret 1403.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FFA6B896F16D985D5D | title = Sultan Yıldırım Beyezid Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
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| colspan=7 style="background:#B9B9B9" | [[Ottoman Interregnum]]{{ref label|Interregnum|d|}}<br /><small>([[Pertempuran Ankara|20 Juli 1402]] – [[Musa Çelebi|5 Juli 1413]])</small>
| colspan=7 style="background:#B9B9B9" | [[Ottoman Interregnum]]{{ref label|Interregnum|d|}}<br /><small>([[Pertempuran Ankara|20 Juli 1402]] – [[Musa Çelebi|5 Juli 1413]])</small>
Baris 118: Baris 118:
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*Setelah [[Pertempuran Ankara]] pada [[20 Juli]] [[1402]], [[İsa Çelebi]] mengalahkan [[Musa Çelebi]] dan mulai menguasai bagian barat wilayah Anatolia selama kurang lebih dua tahun.
* Setelah [[Pertempuran Ankara]] pada [[20 Juli]] [[1402]], [[İsa Çelebi]] mengalahkan [[Musa Çelebi]] dan mulai menguasai bagian barat wilayah Anatolia selama kurang lebih dua tahun.
*Dikalahkan oleh [[Mehmed Çelebi]] pada Pertempuran [[Ulubat]] pada [[1405]].
* Dikalahkan oleh [[Mehmed Çelebi]] pada Pertempuran [[Ulubat]] pada [[1405]].
*Dibunuh pada tahun [[1406]].
* Dibunuh pada tahun [[1406]].
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*Mendapatkan gelar ''Sultan [[Rumelia]]'' untuk bagian wilayah Eropa dari kerajaannya, beberapa waktu setelah kekalahan bani Utsmaniyah di [[Pertempuran Ankara]] pada tanggal [[20 Juli]] [[1402]]
* Mendapatkan gelar ''Sultan [[Rumelia]]'' untuk bagian wilayah Eropa dari kerajaannya, beberapa waktu setelah kekalahan bani Utsmaniyah di [[Pertempuran Ankara]] pada tanggal [[20 Juli]] [[1402]]
*Dibunuh pada tanggal [[17 Februari]] [[1411]].<ref> Nicholae Jorga: ''Geschishte des Osmanichen'' (Trans :Nilüfer Epçeli) Vol 1 Yeditepe yayınları, İstanbul, 2009, ISBN 975-6480-17-3 p 314</ref>
* Dibunuh pada tanggal [[17 Februari]] [[1411]].<ref> Nicholae Jorga: ''Geschishte des Osmanichen'' (Trans :Nilüfer Epçeli) Vol 1 Yeditepe yayınları, İstanbul, 2009, ISBN 975-6480-17-3 p 314</ref>
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Baris 139: Baris 139:
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*Menyandang gelar ''Sultan [[Rumelia]]'' untuk bagian Eropa dari kekaisaran tersebut<ref>Prof. Yaşar Yüce-Prof. Ali Sevim: ''Türkiye tarihi Cilt II'', AKDTYKTTK Yayınları, İstanbul, 1991 p 74-75</ref>pada 18 Februari 1411, tepat setelah kematian [[Süleyman Çelebi]].
* Menyandang gelar ''Sultan [[Rumelia]]'' untuk bagian Eropa dari kekaisaran tersebut<ref>Prof. Yaşar Yüce-Prof. Ali Sevim: ''Türkiye tarihi Cilt II'', AKDTYKTTK Yayınları, İstanbul, 1991 p 74-75</ref>pada 18 Februari 1411, tepat setelah kematian [[Süleyman Çelebi]].
*Terbunuh pada 5 Juli 1413 oleh pasukan [[Mehmed Çelebi]] di Pertempuran ''Çamurlu Derbent'' dekat [[Samokov]] di [[Bulgaria]].<ref>Joseph von Hammer:''Osmanlı Tarihi cilt I'' (condensation: Abdülkadir Karahan), Milliyet yayınları, İstanbul. p. 58-60.</ref>
* Terbunuh pada 5 Juli 1413 oleh pasukan [[Mehmed Çelebi]] di Pertempuran ''Çamurlu Derbent'' dekat [[Samokov]] di [[Bulgaria]].<ref>Joseph von Hammer:''Osmanlı Tarihi cilt I'' (condensation: Abdülkadir Karahan), Milliyet yayınları, İstanbul. p. 58-60.</ref>
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Baris 149: Baris 149:
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*Menguasai bagian timur Anatolia sebagai co-Sultan setelah kekalahan [[Pertempuran Ankara]] pada 20 Juli 1402.
* Menguasai bagian timur Anatolia sebagai co-Sultan setelah kekalahan [[Pertempuran Ankara]] pada 20 Juli 1402.
*Mengalahkan [[İsa Çelebi]] pada Pertempuran [[Ulubat]] pada 1405.
* Mengalahkan [[İsa Çelebi]] pada Pertempuran [[Ulubat]] pada 1405.
*Menjadi penguasa tunggal wilayah Anatolia di [[Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]] setelah kematian İsa pada tahun 1406.
* Menjadi penguasa tunggal wilayah Anatolia di [[Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]] setelah kematian İsa pada tahun 1406.
*Memperoleh kedudukan [[Mehmed I|Sultan Utsmaniyah Mehmed I Khan]] setelah kematian Musa pada 5 Juli 1413.
* Memperoleh kedudukan [[Mehmed I|Sultan Utsmaniyah Mehmed I Khan]] setelah kematian Musa pada 5 Juli 1413.
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| colspan=7 style="background:#B9B9B9" | [[Kebangkitan Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]]<br /><small>([[Musa Çelebi|5 Juli 1413]] – [[Kejatuhan Konstantinopel|29 Mei 1453]])</small>
| colspan=7 style="background:#B9B9B9" | [[Kebangkitan Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]]<br /><small>([[Musa Çelebi|5 Juli 1413]] – [[Kejatuhan Konstantinopel|29 Mei 1453]])</small>
Baris 163: Baris 163:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mehmed I.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mehmed I]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mehmed I.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mehmed I]]
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*Anak Bayezid I dan [[Devlet Hatun|Devlet Khātûn]];
* Anak Bayezid I dan [[Devlet Hatun|Devlet Khātûn]];
*Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF34B8FF67F6C5B31A | title = Sultan Mehmed Çelebi Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF34B8FF67F6C5B31A | title = Sultan Mehmed Çelebi Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
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| [[Berkas:Tughra of Murad II.JPG|80px|Tughra of Murad II]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Murad II.JPG|80px|Tughra of Murad II]]
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*Anak Mehmed I dan [[Emine Hatun|Âminā ''(Emine)'' Khātûn]];<ref name="Murad II">{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF20FF3F96B01BD67B | title = Sultan II. Murad Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Anak Mehmed I dan [[Emine Hatun|Âminā ''(Emine)'' Khātûn]];<ref name="Murad II">{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF20FF3F96B01BD67B | title = Sultan II. Murad Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
*Sukarela mengasingkan diri demi putranya, [[Mehmed II]].<ref name="Murad II Chronology">{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D3136407999D5EC50F89B6BCD2C330978646 | title = Chronology: Sultan II. Murad Han | accessdate = 2009-04-07 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Sukarela mengasingkan diri demi putranya, [[Mehmed II]].<ref name="Murad II Chronology">{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D3136407999D5EC50F89B6BCD2C330978646 | title = Chronology: Sultan II. Murad Han | accessdate = 2009-04-07 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
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Baris 183: Baris 183:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mehmed II.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mehmed II]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mehmed II.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mehmed II]]
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*Anak Murad II dan [[Hüma Hatun|Hadice Âlime Hümâ Khātûn]];<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF53E7C3A27F032B06 | title = Fatih Sultan Mehmed Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Anak Murad II dan [[Hüma Hatun|Hadice Âlime Hümâ Khātûn]];<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF53E7C3A27F032B06 | title = Fatih Sultan Mehmed Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
*Menyerahkan tahta kepada ayahnya setelah diminta kembali.<ref name="Murad II Chronology"/>
* Menyerahkan tahta kepada ayahnya setelah diminta kembali.<ref name="Murad II Chronology"/>
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Baris 193: Baris 193:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Murad II.JPG|80px|Tughra of Murad II]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Murad II.JPG|80px|Tughra of Murad II]]
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*Masa pemerintahan kedua;
* Masa pemerintahan kedua;
*Dipaksa kembali bertakhta setelah terjadi pemberontakan [[Yanisari]];<ref>[[#Kaf96|Kafadar 1996]], p. xix</ref>
* Dipaksa kembali bertakhta setelah terjadi pemberontakan [[Yanisari]];<ref>[[#Kaf96|Kafadar 1996]], p. xix</ref>
*Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref name="Murad II"/>
* Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref name="Murad II"/>
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| colspan=7 style="background:#B9B9B9" | [[Perkembangan Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]]<br /><small>([[Kejatuhan Konstantinopel|29 Mei 1453]] – [[Pertempuran Vienna|11/12 September 1683]])</small>
| colspan=7 style="background:#B9B9B9" | [[Perkembangan Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]]<br /><small>([[Kejatuhan Konstantinopel|29 Mei 1453]] – [[Pertempuran Vienna|11/12 September 1683]])</small>
Baris 206: Baris 206:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mehmed II.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mehmed II]]
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*Masa pemerintahan kedua;
* Masa pemerintahan kedua;
*[[Jatuhnya Konstantinopel|Menaklukan Konstantinopel]] pada 1453;
* [[Jatuhnya Konstantinopel|Menaklukan Konstantinopel]] pada 1453;
*Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF8CF4BCAC4E99512E | title = Chronology: Fatih Sultan Mehmed Han | accessdate = 2010-07-15 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF8CF4BCAC4E99512E | title = Chronology: Fatih Sultan Mehmed Han | accessdate = 2010-07-15 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 8
| 8
Baris 217: Baris 217:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Bayezid II.JPG|80px|Tughra of Bayezid II]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Bayezid II.JPG|80px|Tughra of Bayezid II]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Mehmed II dan [[Mükrime Hatun|Mükrîme ''(Sitt-î Mû’kārîmā)'' Khātûn]];
* Anak Mehmed II dan [[Mükrime Hatun|Mükrîme ''(Sitt-î Mû’kārîmā)'' Khātûn]];
*Mengasingkan diri;
* Mengasingkan diri;
*Meninggal dekat [[Didymoteicho]] pada 26 Mei 1512.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF7AA0FE099CA14481 | title = Sultan II. Bayezid Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Meninggal dekat [[Didymoteicho]] pada 26 Mei 1512.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF7AA0FE099CA14481 | title = Sultan II. Bayezid Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 9
| 9
Baris 228: Baris 228:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Selim I.JPG|80px|Tughra of Selim I]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Selim I.JPG|80px|Tughra of Selim I]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Bayezid II dan [[Gülbahar Sultan|Kül-Bahār Khātûn]];
* Anak Bayezid II dan [[Gülbahar Sultan|Kül-Bahār Khātûn]];
*Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF12460496EB6D6255 | title = Yavuz Sultan Selim Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF12460496EB6D6255 | title = Yavuz Sultan Selim Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 10
| 10
Baris 240: Baris 240:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Suleiman I the Magnificent.svg|80px|Tughra of Suleiman yang Agung]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Suleiman I the Magnificent.svg|80px|Tughra of Suleiman yang Agung]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Putra Selim I dan [[Ayşe Hafsa Sultan]] [[Valide sultan]];
* Putra Selim I dan [[Ayşe Hafsa Sultan]] [[Valide sultan]];
*Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF2AE88F745E500DEF | title = Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF2AE88F745E500DEF | title = Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 11
| 11
Baris 250: Baris 250:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Selim II.JPG|80px|Tughra of Selim II]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Selim II.JPG|80px|Tughra of Selim II]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Suleiman I dan [[Hürrem Sultan|Hürrem ''(Khûrrām'' or ''Kārimā)'' Haseki Sultân]];
* Anak Suleiman I dan [[Hürrem Sultan|Hürrem ''(Khûrrām'' or ''Kārimā)'' Haseki Sultân]];
*Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF13A7BCEBE7AACE8E | title = Sultan II. Selim Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF13A7BCEBE7AACE8E | title = Sultan II. Selim Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 12
| 12
Baris 260: Baris 260:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Murad III.JPG|80px|Tughra of Murad III]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Murad III.JPG|80px|Tughra of Murad III]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Selim II dan [[Nurbanu|Afîfe Nûr-Banû Vâlidā Sultân]];
* Anak Selim II dan [[Nurbanu|Afîfe Nûr-Banû Vâlidā Sultân]];
*Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF3D203AAAB91E0915 | title = Sultan III. Murad Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF3D203AAAB91E0915 | title = Sultan III. Murad Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 13
| 13
Baris 270: Baris 270:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mehmed III.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mehmed III]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mehmed III.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mehmed III]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Murad III dan [[Safiye Sultan|Sâfiyā Vâlidā Sultân]];
* Anak Murad III dan [[Safiye Sultan|Sâfiyā Vâlidā Sultân]];
*Berkuasa sampai wafat;<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF64C4AADAD7425476 | title = Sultan III. Mehmed Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Berkuasa sampai wafat;<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF64C4AADAD7425476 | title = Sultan III. Mehmed Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 14
| 14
Baris 280: Baris 280:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Ahmed I.JPG|80px|Tughra of Ahmed I]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Ahmed I.JPG|80px|Tughra of Ahmed I]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Mehmed III dan [[Handan Sultan|Handan Vâlidā Sultân]];
* Anak Mehmed III dan [[Handan Sultan|Handan Vâlidā Sultân]];
*Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF592DC0A84F0F0B22 | title = Sultan I. Ahmed | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF592DC0A84F0F0B22 | title = Sultan I. Ahmed | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 15
| 15
Baris 290: Baris 290:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mustafa I.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mustafa I]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mustafa I.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mustafa I]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Mehmed III dan Fûldâne Valide Sultan;
* Anak Mehmed III dan Fûldâne Valide Sultan;
*Diturunkan karena [[cacat mental]] dan digantikan keponakannya [[Osman II]].<ref name="Mustafa I">{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF712003DA70BD0AB5 | title = Sultan I. Mustafa | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Diturunkan karena [[cacat mental]] dan digantikan keponakannya [[Osman II]].<ref name="Mustafa I">{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF712003DA70BD0AB5 | title = Sultan I. Mustafa | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 16
| 16
Baris 300: Baris 300:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Osman II.JPG|80px|Tughra of Osman II]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Osman II.JPG|80px|Tughra of Osman II]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Ahmed I dan [[Mahfiruze Hatice|Mâh-Firûze Hadice (Khadija) Vâlidā Sultân]];
* Anak Ahmed I dan [[Mahfiruze Hatice|Mâh-Firûze Hadice (Khadija) Vâlidā Sultân]];
*Diturunkan melalui pemberontakan [[Yanisari]] pada 19 Mei 1622;
* Diturunkan melalui pemberontakan [[Yanisari]] pada 19 Mei 1622;
*Dibunuh pada 20 Mei 1622 oleh [[Wasir Agung]] Kara Davud Paşa ''(Black Da'ud Pasha)''.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FFC7D510DFD423D9CA | title = Sultan II. Osman Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Dibunuh pada 20 Mei 1622 oleh [[Wasir Agung]] Kara Davud Paşa ''(Black Da'ud Pasha)''.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FFC7D510DFD423D9CA | title = Sultan II. Osman Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| —
| —
Baris 311: Baris 311:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mustafa I.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mustafa I]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mustafa I.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mustafa I]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Masa pemerintahan kedua;
* Masa pemerintahan kedua;
*Kembali bertahta setelah pembunuhan keponakan laki-lakinya, [[Osman II]];
* Kembali bertahta setelah pembunuhan keponakan laki-lakinya, [[Osman II]];
*Diturunkan karena [[cacat mental]] dan dipenjara hingga meninggal di [[Istanbul]] pada tanggal [[20 Januari]] [[1639]].<ref name="Mustafa I"/>
* Diturunkan karena [[cacat mental]] dan dipenjara hingga meninggal di [[Istanbul]] pada tanggal [[20 Januari]] [[1639]].<ref name="Mustafa I"/>
|-
|-
| 17
| 17
Baris 322: Baris 322:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Murad IV.svg|80px|Tughra of Murad IV]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Murad IV.svg|80px|Tughra of Murad IV]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Ahmed I dan [[Kösem|Mâh-Peyker Kösem Vâlidā Sultân]];
* Anak Ahmed I dan [[Kösem|Mâh-Peyker Kösem Vâlidā Sultân]];
*Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF65EEFD1584C88A42 | title = Sultan IV. Murad Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF65EEFD1584C88A42 | title = Sultan IV. Murad Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 18
| 18
Baris 332: Baris 332:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Ibrahim.JPG|80px|Tughra of Ibrahim]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Ibrahim.JPG|80px|Tughra of Ibrahim]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Ahmed I dan [[Kösem|Mâh-Peyker Kösem Vâlidā Sultân]];
* Anak Ahmed I dan [[Kösem|Mâh-Peyker Kösem Vâlidā Sultân]];
*Diturunkan pada 8 Agustus 1648 melaui [[kudeta]] yang dipimpin oleh [[Sheikh ul-Islam]];
* Diturunkan pada 8 Agustus 1648 melaui [[kudeta]] yang dipimpin oleh [[Sheikh ul-Islam]];
*Dicekik mati di [[Istanbul]] pada 18 Agustus 1648<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF3765F020A27124F8 | title = Sultan İbrahim Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref> at the behest of the [[Grand Vizier]] [[Mawlawi Order|Mevlevî]] Mehmed Paşa ''(Sofu Mehmed Pasha)''.
* Dicekik mati di [[Istanbul]] pada 18 Agustus 1648<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF3765F020A27124F8 | title = Sultan İbrahim Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref> at the behest of the [[Grand Vizier]] [[Mawlawi Order|Mevlevî]] Mehmed Paşa ''(Sofu Mehmed Pasha)''.
|-
|-
| 19
| 19
Baris 343: Baris 343:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mehmed IV.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mehmed IV]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mehmed IV.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mehmed IV]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Ibrahim I dan [[Turhan Hadice|Turhan Hadice ''(Khadija)'' Vâlidā Sultân]];
* Anak Ibrahim I dan [[Turhan Hadice|Turhan Hadice ''(Khadija)'' Vâlidā Sultân]];
*Diturunkan pada 8 November 1687 setelah kekalahan Utsmaniyah di [[Pertempuran Mohács (1687)|Pertempuran Mohács Kedua]];
* Diturunkan pada 8 November 1687 setelah kekalahan Utsmaniyah di [[Pertempuran Mohács (1687)|Pertempuran Mohács Kedua]];
*Meninggal di [[Edirne]] pada 6 Januari 1693.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FFD9F59B9E0EA80610 | title = Sultan IV. Mehmed | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Meninggal di [[Edirne]] pada 6 Januari 1693.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FFD9F59B9E0EA80610 | title = Sultan IV. Mehmed | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| colspan=7 style="background:#B9B9B9" | [[Stagnasi Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]]<br /><small>([[Pertempuran Vienna|11/12 September 1683]] – [[Pertempuran Navarino|20 Oktober 1827]])</small>
| colspan=7 style="background:#B9B9B9" | [[Stagnasi Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]]<br /><small>([[Pertempuran Vienna|11/12 September 1683]] – [[Pertempuran Navarino|20 Oktober 1827]])</small>
Baris 356: Baris 356:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Suleiman II.JPG|80px|Tughra of Suleiman II]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Suleiman II.JPG|80px|Tughra of Suleiman II]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Ibrahim I dan [[Saliha Dilashub|Sâliha Dil-Âşûb ''(Dilâshûb)'' Vâlidā Sultân]];
* Anak Ibrahim I dan [[Saliha Dilashub|Sâliha Dil-Âşûb ''(Dilâshûb)'' Vâlidā Sultân]];
*Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FFE847D7E258FE1EFB | title = Sultan II. Süleyman Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FFE847D7E258FE1EFB | title = Sultan II. Süleyman Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 21
| 21
Baris 366: Baris 366:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Ahmed II.JPG|80px|Tughra of Ahmed II]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Ahmed II.JPG|80px|Tughra of Ahmed II]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Ibrahim I dan [[Khadija Muazzez|Hatice ''(Khadija)'' Mû’azzez İkinci Haseki Sultân]];
* Anak Ibrahim I dan [[Khadija Muazzez|Hatice ''(Khadija)'' Mû’azzez İkinci Haseki Sultân]];
*Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF63739B4BDC036722 | title = Sultan II. Ahmed Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF63739B4BDC036722 | title = Sultan II. Ahmed Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 22
| 22
Baris 376: Baris 376:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mustafa II.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mustafa II]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mustafa II.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mustafa II]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Mehmed IV dan [[Mah-Para Ummatullah Rabia Gül-Nush|Mâh-Pârā Ummetullah ''(Emetullah)'' Râbi’a Gül-Nûsh ''(Gül-Nûş)'' Vâlidā Sultân]];
* Anak Mehmed IV dan [[Mah-Para Ummatullah Rabia Gül-Nush|Mâh-Pârā Ummetullah ''(Emetullah)'' Râbi’a Gül-Nûsh ''(Gül-Nûş)'' Vâlidā Sultân]];
*Diturunkan pada 22 Agustus 1703 karena pemberontakan [[Yanisari]] yang dikenal sebagai [[Kejadian Edirne]];
* Diturunkan pada 22 Agustus 1703 karena pemberontakan [[Yanisari]] yang dikenal sebagai [[Kejadian Edirne]];
*Meninggal di Istanbul pada tanggal [[8 Januari]] [[1704]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF4210F2141CE3DF0E | title = Sultan II. Mustafa Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Meninggal di Istanbul pada tanggal [[8 Januari]] [[1704]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF4210F2141CE3DF0E | title = Sultan II. Mustafa Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 23
| 23
Baris 387: Baris 387:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Ahmed III.JPG|80px|Tughra of Ahmed III]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Ahmed III.JPG|80px|Tughra of Ahmed III]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Mehmed IV dan [[Mah-Para Ummatullah Rabia Gül-Nush|Mâh-Pârā Ummetullah ''(Emetullah)'' Râbi’a Gül-Nûsh ''(Gül-Nûş)'' Vâlidā Sultân]];
* Anak Mehmed IV dan [[Mah-Para Ummatullah Rabia Gül-Nush|Mâh-Pârā Ummetullah ''(Emetullah)'' Râbi’a Gül-Nûsh ''(Gül-Nûş)'' Vâlidā Sultân]];
*Diturunkan karena pemberontakan [[Yanisari]] yang dipimpin oleh [[Patrona Halil]];
* Diturunkan karena pemberontakan [[Yanisari]] yang dipimpin oleh [[Patrona Halil]];
*Meninggal pada tanggal [[1 Juli]] [[1736]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF80427305DE490274 | title = Sultan III. Ahmed Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Meninggal pada tanggal [[1 Juli]] [[1736]].<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF80427305DE490274 | title = Sultan III. Ahmed Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 24
| 24
Baris 398: Baris 398:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mahmud I.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mahmud I]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mahmud I.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mahmud I]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Mustafa II dan [[Saliha Sabkati|Sâliha Sebkat-î Vâlidā Sultân]];
* Anak Mustafa II dan [[Saliha Sabkati|Sâliha Sebkat-î Vâlidā Sultân]];
*Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF3647010FE3D42BA1 | title = Sultan I. Mahmud Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF3647010FE3D42BA1 | title = Sultan I. Mahmud Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 25
| 25
Baris 408: Baris 408:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Osman III.JPG|80px|Tughra of Osman III]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Osman III.JPG|80px|Tughra of Osman III]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Mustafa II dan [[Shehsuvar|Şâh-Süvar ''(Shah-Sûvar)'' Vâlidā Sultân]];
* Anak Mustafa II dan [[Shehsuvar|Şâh-Süvar ''(Shah-Sûvar)'' Vâlidā Sultân]];
*Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF12FDA3BC6C07BFB6 | title = Sultan III. Osman Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF12FDA3BC6C07BFB6 | title = Sultan III. Osman Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 26
| 26
Baris 418: Baris 418:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mustafa III.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mustafa III]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mustafa III.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mustafa III]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Ahmed III dan [[Amina Mihr-i Shah|Âminā Mehr-î-Shâh ''(Emine Mihr-î-Şâh)'' İkinci Kadın Efendi]];
* Anak Ahmed III dan [[Amina Mihr-i Shah|Âminā Mehr-î-Shâh ''(Emine Mihr-î-Şâh)'' İkinci Kadın Efendi]];
*Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF53CDC73477F4D04D | title = Sultan III. Mustafa Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF53CDC73477F4D04D | title = Sultan III. Mustafa Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 27
| 27
Baris 428: Baris 428:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Abdülhamid I.JPG|80px|Tughra of Abd-ul-Hamid I]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Abdülhamid I.JPG|80px|Tughra of Abd-ul-Hamid I]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Ahmed III dan [[Rabia Sultan|Râbi’a Sharm-î ''(Şerm-î)'' Kadın Efendi]];
* Anak Ahmed III dan [[Rabia Sultan|Râbi’a Sharm-î ''(Şerm-î)'' Kadın Efendi]];
*Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FFA7C2563442DA77E3 | title = Sultan I. Abdülhamit Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FFA7C2563442DA77E3 | title = Sultan I. Abdülhamit Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 28
| 28
Baris 438: Baris 438:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Selim III.JPG|80px|Tughra of Selim III]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Selim III.JPG|80px|Tughra of Selim III]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Mustafa III dan [[Mihrişah Valide Sultan|Mehr-î-Shâh ''(Mihr-î-Şâh)'' Vâlidā Sultân]];
* Anak Mustafa III dan [[Mihrişah Valide Sultan|Mehr-î-Shâh ''(Mihr-î-Şâh)'' Vâlidā Sultân]];
**Diturunkan karena pemberontakan [[Yanisari]] yang dipimpin oleh [[Kabakçı Mustafa]] yang menentang reformasinya;
** Diturunkan karena pemberontakan [[Yanisari]] yang dipimpin oleh [[Kabakçı Mustafa]] yang menentang reformasinya;
*Dibunuh oleh pembunuh misterius Istanbul pada 28 Juli 1808<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FFD66033042BB56AC7 | title = Sultan III. Selim Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref> at the behest of [[Ottoman Sultan]] [[Mustafa IV]].
* Dibunuh oleh pembunuh misterius Istanbul pada 28 Juli 1808<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FFD66033042BB56AC7 | title = Sultan III. Selim Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref> at the behest of [[Ottoman Sultan]] [[Mustafa IV]].
|-
|-
| 29
| 29
Baris 449: Baris 449:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mustafa IV.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mustafa IV]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mustafa IV.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mustafa IV]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Abd-ul-Hamid I dan [http://classic-web.archive.org/web/20060615093613/www.4dw.net/royalark/Turkey/turkey8.htm ''Bash Iqbal'' Nushatzaza ''(Nüzhet-Zâde / Nükhet-Sedâ)'' Khānum Effendi];
* Anak Abd-ul-Hamid I dan [http://classic-web.archive.org/web/20060615093613/www.4dw.net/royalark/Turkey/turkey8.htm ''Bash Iqbal'' Nushatzaza ''(Nüzhet-Zâde / Nükhet-Sedâ)'' Khānum Effendi];
*Diturunkan karena pemberontakan yang dipimpin oleh [[Alemdar Mustafa Pasha]];
* Diturunkan karena pemberontakan yang dipimpin oleh [[Alemdar Mustafa Pasha]];
*Dieksekusi Istanbul pada 17 November 1808<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF6B1EAE8878B0E38D | title = Sultan IV. Mustafa Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref> by order of [[Ottoman Sultan]] [[Mahmud II]].
* Dieksekusi Istanbul pada 17 November 1808<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF6B1EAE8878B0E38D | title = Sultan IV. Mustafa Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref> by order of [[Ottoman Sultan]] [[Mahmud II]].
|-
|-
| 30
| 30
Baris 460: Baris 460:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mahmud II.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mahmud II]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mahmud II.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mahmud II]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Abd-ul-Hamid I dan [[Nakşidil Sultan|Naksh-î-Dil ''(Nakş-î-Dil)'' Haseki Vâlidā Sultân]] (adoptive mother of Mahmud II);
* Anak Abd-ul-Hamid I dan [[Nakşidil Sultan|Naksh-î-Dil ''(Nakş-î-Dil)'' Haseki Vâlidā Sultân]] (adoptive mother of Mahmud II);
*Membubarkan para [[Yanisari]] sebagai akibat dari [[Insiden yang Menguntungkan]] pada 1826;
* Membubarkan para [[Yanisari]] sebagai akibat dari [[Insiden yang Menguntungkan]] pada 1826;
*Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF3E25556277459A0C | title = Sultan II. Mahmud Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF3E25556277459A0C | title = Sultan II. Mahmud Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| colspan=7 style="background:#B9B9B9" | [[Kemunduran Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]]<br /><small>([[Pertempuran Navarino|20 Oktober 1827]] – [[Era Konstitusional Kedua (Kesultanan Utsmaniyah)|24 Juli 1908]])</small>
| colspan=7 style="background:#B9B9B9" | [[Kemunduran Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]]<br /><small>([[Pertempuran Navarino|20 Oktober 1827]] – [[Era Konstitusional Kedua (Kesultanan Utsmaniyah)|24 Juli 1908]])</small>
Baris 473: Baris 473:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Abdülmecid I.JPG|80px|Tughra of Abd-ul-Mejid I]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Abdülmecid I.JPG|80px|Tughra of Abd-ul-Mejid I]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Mahmud II dan [[Bezmialem|Bezm-î-Âlem Vâlidā Sultân]];
* Anak Mahmud II dan [[Bezmialem|Bezm-î-Âlem Vâlidā Sultân]];
*Mengumumkan Perintah Kerajaan "Hatt-i Sharif" dari Gülhane ''(Tanzimât Fermânı)'']] yang meluncurkan periode reformasi dan reorganisasi [[Tanzimat]] pada tanggal 3 November 1839 atas usulan tokoh reformasi ''Grand Vizier'' [[Koca Mustafa Reşid Pasha]] (Great Mustafa Rashid Pasha);
* Mengumumkan Perintah Kerajaan "Hatt-i Sharif" dari Gülhane ''(Tanzimât Fermânı)'']] yang meluncurkan periode reformasi dan reorganisasi [[Tanzimat]] pada tanggal 3 November 1839 atas usulan tokoh reformasi ''Grand Vizier'' [[Koca Mustafa Reşid Pasha]] (Great Mustafa Rashid Pasha);
*Menerima [[Hatt-ı Hümayun|Islâhat Hatt-ı Hümayun (Edik Reformasi Kesultanan) ''(Islâhat Fermânı)'']] pada tanggal 18 Februari 1856;
* Menerima [[Hatt-ı Hümayun|Islâhat Hatt-ı Hümayun (Edik Reformasi Kesultanan) ''(Islâhat Fermânı)'']] pada tanggal 18 Februari 1856;
*Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FFB8229EA01286E253 | title = Sultan Abdülmecid Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Berkuasa sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FFB8229EA01286E253 | title = Sultan Abdülmecid Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 32
| 32
Baris 485: Baris 485:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Abdülaziz.JPG|80px|Tughra of Abd-ul-Aziz]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Abdülaziz.JPG|80px|Tughra of Abd-ul-Aziz]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Mahmud II dan [[Pertevniyal|Pertav-Nihâl (Pertevniyâl) Vâlidā Sultân]];
* Anak Mahmud II dan [[Pertevniyal|Pertav-Nihâl (Pertevniyâl) Vâlidā Sultân]];
*Diturunkan oleh menteri-menterinya;
* Diturunkan oleh menteri-menterinya;
*Ditemukan mati (bunuh diri atau dibunuh) lima hari kemudian.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF02887D8ABC12653B | title = Sultan Abdülaziz Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Ditemukan mati (bunuh diri atau dibunuh) lima hari kemudian.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF02887D8ABC12653B | title = Sultan Abdülaziz Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 33
| 33
Baris 496: Baris 496:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Murad V.JPG|80px|Tughra of Murad V]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Murad V.JPG|80px|Tughra of Murad V]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Abd-ul-Mejid I dan [[Shevkefza|Shāvk-Efzâ ''(Şevk-Efzâ)'' Vâlidā Sultân]];
* Anak Abd-ul-Mejid I dan [[Shevkefza|Shāvk-Efzâ ''(Şevk-Efzâ)'' Vâlidā Sultân]];
*Diturunkan karena keinginannya untuk mereformasi kesultanan;
* Diturunkan karena keinginannya untuk mereformasi kesultanan;
*Diperintahkan untuk tinggal di [[Istana Çırağan]] hingga ia meninggal pada 29 Agustus 1904.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF133DF7E081CE0541 | title = Sultan V. Murad Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Diperintahkan untuk tinggal di [[Istana Çırağan]] hingga ia meninggal pada 29 Agustus 1904.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF133DF7E081CE0541 | title = Sultan V. Murad Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| 34
| 34
Baris 508: Baris 508:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Abdülhamid II.JPG|80px|Tughra of Abd-ul-Hamid II]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Abdülhamid II.JPG|80px|Tughra of Abd-ul-Hamid II]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Abd-ul-Mejid I dan [[Tirimüjgan|Tîr-î-Müjgan Üçüncü Kadın Efendi]]; dan kemudian anak angkat dari [[Rahime Perestu|Rahime Perestû ''(Piristû)'' Vâlidā Sultân]] (ibu angkat dari [[Abdul Hamid II]]).
* Anak Abd-ul-Mejid I dan [[Tirimüjgan|Tîr-î-Müjgan Üçüncü Kadın Efendi]]; dan kemudian anak angkat dari [[Rahime Perestu|Rahime Perestû ''(Piristû)'' Vâlidā Sultân]] (ibu angkat dari [[Abdul Hamid II]]).
*[[Era Konstitusional Pertama (Kesultanan Utsmaniyah)|Pendirian Kekuasaan Konstitusional Pertama]] pada tanggal 23 November 1876 kemudian ditangguhkan pada 13 Februari 1878;
* [[Era Konstitusional Pertama (Kesultanan Utsmaniyah)|Pendirian Kekuasaan Konstitusional Pertama]] pada tanggal 23 November 1876 kemudian ditangguhkan pada 13 Februari 1878;
*[[Era Konstitusional Kedua (Kesultanan Utsmaniyah)|Restorasi Kekuasaan Konstitusional Kedua]] pada tanggal 3 Juli 1908;
* [[Era Konstitusional Kedua (Kesultanan Utsmaniyah)|Restorasi Kekuasaan Konstitusional Kedua]] pada tanggal 3 Juli 1908;
*Diturunkan setelah [[Insiden 31 Maret]] ''(pada 13 April 1909)'';
* Diturunkan setelah [[Insiden 31 Maret]] ''(pada 13 April 1909)'';
*Dikurung di [[Istana Beylerbeyi]] hingga meninggal pada tanggal 10 Februari 1918.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF47B708868ACC0564 | title = Sultan II. Abdülhamid Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Dikurung di [[Istana Beylerbeyi]] hingga meninggal pada tanggal 10 Februari 1918.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF47B708868ACC0564 | title = Sultan II. Abdülhamid Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| colspan=7 style="background:#B9B9B9" | [[Pembubaran Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]]{{ref label|Dissolution|e|}}<br /><small>([[Era Konstitusional Kedua (Kesultanan Utsmaniyah)|24 Juli 1908]] – [[Gencatan Senjata Mudros|30 Oktober 1918]])</small>
| colspan=7 style="background:#B9B9B9" | [[Pembubaran Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]]{{ref label|Dissolution|e|}}<br /><small>([[Era Konstitusional Kedua (Kesultanan Utsmaniyah)|24 Juli 1908]] – [[Gencatan Senjata Mudros|30 Oktober 1918]])</small>
Baris 524: Baris 524:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mehmed V.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mehmed V]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mehmed V.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mehmed V]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Abd-ul-Mejid I dan [[Gülcemal|Gül-Cemâl Dördüncü Kadın Efendi]];
* Anak Abd-ul-Mejid I dan [[Gülcemal|Gül-Cemâl Dördüncü Kadın Efendi]];
*Memerintah sebagai pemimpin ("figurehead") [[Mehmed Talat|Mehmed Talât]], [[İsmail Enver]], dan [[Ahmed Djemal|Ahmed Cemal ''(Djemal)'']] [[Tiga Pasha|Pasha]] sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF181C1E909B6AD5ED | title = Sultan V. Mehmed Reşad Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Memerintah sebagai pemimpin ("figurehead") [[Mehmed Talat|Mehmed Talât]], [[İsmail Enver]], dan [[Ahmed Djemal|Ahmed Cemal ''(Djemal)'']] [[Tiga Pasha|Pasha]] sampai wafat.<ref>{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF181C1E909B6AD5ED | title = Sultan V. Mehmed Reşad Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| colspan=7 style="background:#B9B9B9" | [[Pembagian Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]]<br /><small>([[Gencatan Senjata Mudros|30 Oktober 1918]] – [[Penghapusan Kesultanan Utsmaniyah|1 November 1922]])</small>
| colspan=7 style="background:#B9B9B9" | [[Pembagian Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]]<br /><small>([[Gencatan Senjata Mudros|30 Oktober 1918]] – [[Penghapusan Kesultanan Utsmaniyah|1 November 1922]])</small>
Baris 539: Baris 539:
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mehmed VI.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mehmed VI]]
| [[Berkas:Tughra of Mehmed VI.JPG|80px|Tughra of Mehmed VI]]
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Abd-ul-Mejid I dan [[Gülistü|Gül-İstü ''(Gülistan Münire)'' Dördüncü Kadın Efendi]];
* Anak Abd-ul-Mejid I dan [[Gülistü|Gül-İstü ''(Gülistan Münire)'' Dördüncü Kadın Efendi]];
*Kesultanan Utsmaniyah dihapuskan;
* Kesultanan Utsmaniyah dihapuskan;
*Meninggalkan Istanbul pada [[17 November]] [[1922]];
* Meninggalkan Istanbul pada [[17 November]] [[1922]];
*Mati di pengasingan di [[Sanremo]], [[Kerajaan Italia (1861–1946)|Italia]] pada 16 Mei 1926.<ref name="Mehmed VI">{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF63A3ECD73B1F991E | title = Sultan VI. Mehmed Vahdettin Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
* Mati di pengasingan di [[Sanremo]], [[Kerajaan Italia (1861–1946)|Italia]] pada 16 Mei 1926.<ref name="Mehmed VI">{{cite web | url = http://www.kultur.gov.tr/EN/Genel/BelgeGoster.aspx?17A16AE30572D313A79D6F5E6C1B43FF63A3ECD73B1F991E | title = Sultan VI. Mehmed Vahdettin Han | accessdate = 2009-02-06 | publisher = Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism}}</ref>
|-
|-
| colspan=7 style="background:#B9B9B9" | [[Kekhalifahan]] [[Republik Turki|Republik]]<br /><small>( 18 November 1922 – 3 Maret 1924 )</small>
| colspan=7 style="background:#B9B9B9" | [[Kekhalifahan]] [[Republik Turki|Republik]]<br /><small>( 18 November 1922 – 3 Maret 1924 )</small>
Baris 554: Baris 554:
| —<br />{{ref label|Tughra|c|2}}
| —<br />{{ref label|Tughra|c|2}}
| align="left" |
| align="left" |
*Anak Abd-ul-Aziz I dan [[Hayranıdil Kadınefendi|Hayrân-î-Dil Kadın Efendi]];<ref>[[#Asi92|As̜iroğlu 1992]], p. 13</ref>
* Anak Abd-ul-Aziz I dan [[Hayranıdil Kadınefendi|Hayrân-î-Dil Kadın Efendi]];<ref>[[#Asi92|As̜iroğlu 1992]], p. 13</ref>
*Dipilih sebagai ''khalifah'' oleh "Majelis Nasional Besar Turki";
* Dipilih sebagai ''khalifah'' oleh "Majelis Nasional Besar Turki";
*Diasingkan setelah pembubaran kalifat;<ref>[[#Asi92|As̜iroğlu 1992]], p. 17</ref>
* Diasingkan setelah pembubaran kalifat;<ref>[[#Asi92|As̜iroğlu 1992]], p. 17</ref>
*Meninggal di [[Paris]], [[Perancis]] pada tanggal [[23 Agustus]] [[1944]].<ref>[[#Asi92|As̜iroğlu 1992]], p. 14</ref>
* Meninggal di [[Paris]], [[Perancis]] pada tanggal [[23 Agustus]] [[1944]].<ref>[[#Asi92|As̜iroğlu 1992]], p. 14</ref>
|}
|}


== Lihat pula ==
== Lihat pula ==
*[[Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]]
* [[Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]]
*[[Dinasti Utsmaniyah]] <!--
* [[Dinasti Utsmaniyah]] <!--
*[[Line of succession to the Ottoman throne]]
*[[Line of succession to the Ottoman throne]]
*[[Ottoman Emperors family tree]]
*[[Ottoman Emperors family tree]]
Baris 586: Baris 586:
== Bacaan lanjutan ==
== Bacaan lanjutan ==
<div class="references-small">
<div class="references-small">
*{{cite book
* {{cite book
|last=As̜iroğlu
|last=As̜iroğlu
|first=Orhan Gâzi
|first=Orhan Gâzi
Baris 598: Baris 598:
|oclc=32085609
|oclc=32085609
|ref=Asi92}}
|ref=Asi92}}
*{{cite book
* {{cite book
|last=Duran
|last=Duran
|first=Tülay
|first=Tülay
Baris 608: Baris 608:
|isbn=9789756926079
|isbn=9789756926079
|oclc=248496159}}
|oclc=248496159}}
*{{cite book
* {{cite book
|last=Findley
|last=Findley
|first=Carter V.
|first=Carter V.
Baris 620: Baris 620:
|oclc=54529318
|oclc=54529318
|ref=Fin05}}
|ref=Fin05}}
*{{cite book
* {{cite book
|last=Glazer
|last=Glazer
|first=Steven A.
|first=Steven A.
Baris 638: Baris 638:
|chapter=Chapter 1: Historical Setting
|chapter=Chapter 1: Historical Setting
|ref=Gla96}}
|ref=Gla96}}
*{{cite book
* {{cite book
|last=Kafadar
|last=Kafadar
|first=Cemal
|first=Cemal
Baris 650: Baris 650:
|oclc=55849447
|oclc=55849447
|ref=Kaf96}}
|ref=Kaf96}}
*{{cite book
* {{cite book
|last=Karateke
|last=Karateke
|first=Hakan T.
|first=Hakan T.
Baris 667: Baris 667:
|chapter=Who is the Next Ottoman Sultan? Attempts to Change the Rule of Succession during the Nineteenth Century
|chapter=Who is the Next Ottoman Sultan? Attempts to Change the Rule of Succession during the Nineteenth Century
|ref=Kar05}}
|ref=Kar05}}
*{{cite book
* {{cite book
|last=d'Osman Han
|last=d'Osman Han
|first=Nadine Sultana
|first=Nadine Sultana
Baris 679: Baris 679:
|oclc=70659193
|oclc=70659193
|ref=Osm01}}
|ref=Osm01}}
*{{cite book
* {{cite book
|last=Peirce
|last=Peirce
|first=Leslie P.
|first=Leslie P.
Baris 692: Baris 692:
|oclc=243767445
|oclc=243767445
|ref=Pei93}}
|ref=Pei93}}
*{{cite book
* {{cite book
|last=Quataert
|last=Quataert
|first=Donald
|first=Donald
Baris 704: Baris 704:
|oclc=59280221
|oclc=59280221
|ref=Qua05}}
|ref=Qua05}}
*{{cite book
* {{cite book
|last=Stavrides
|last=Stavrides
|first=Theoharis
|first=Theoharis
Baris 716: Baris 716:
|oclc=46640850
|oclc=46640850
|ref=Sta01}}
|ref=Sta01}}
*{{cite book
* {{cite book
|last=Sugar
|last=Sugar
|first=Peter F.
|first=Peter F.
Baris 730: Baris 730:
|oclc=34219399
|oclc=34219399
|ref=Sug93}}
|ref=Sug93}}
*{{cite book
* {{cite book
|last=Toprak
|last=Toprak
|first=Binnaz
|first=Binnaz
Baris 743: Baris 743:
|ref=Top81}}
|ref=Top81}}


*{{cite book
* {{cite book
|last=Uğur
|last=Uğur
|first=Ali
|first=Ali
Baris 757: Baris 757:
|ref=Top81}}
|ref=Top81}}


*{{cite book
* {{cite book
|last=Toynbee
|last=Toynbee
|first=Arnold J.
|first=Arnold J.

Revisi per 24 Januari 2017 12.22

Sultan Kesultanan Utsmaniyah
Bekas Kerajaan
Imperial
Lambang Kesultanan
Suleiman I (1520–1566)
Penguasa pertama Osman Gazi
Penguasa terakhir Mehmed VI
Gelar Yang Mulia
Kediaman resmi *Istana Topkapı (1460an–1853)
*Istana Dolmabahçe (1853–1889; 1909-1922)
*Istana Yıldız
(1889–1909)
Penunjuk Turun-temurun
Pendirian 27 Juli 1299
Pembubaran 1 November 1922

Para sultan Dinasti Utsmaniyah menguasai wilayah kekuasaan transkontinental yang sangat luas mulai dari tahun 1299 hingga 1922. Pada puncak kejayaannya, Kesultanan Utsmaniyah berkuasa mulai dari Hongaria hingga ke bagian utara Somalia di sebelah selatan, dan dari Aljazair di sebelah barat hingga Irak di sebelah timur. Ibukotanya mula-mula adalah Bursa di Anatolia, kemudian dipindahkan ke Edirne pada tahun 1366 dan ke Konstantinopel atau Istanbul pada tahun 1453 setelah Kejatuhan Konstantinopel Kekaisaran Bizantium[1]

Daftar sultan

Bendera Kesultanan Utsmaniyah

Tabel di bawah ini berisi informasi para sultan Utsmaniyah, juga kalifah Utsmaniyah, diurutkan berdasarkan kronologi. Tughra adalah lambang atau tanda kaligrafi yang digunakan oleh para sultan Utsmaniyah yang dituliskan pada semua dokumen resmi dan uang koin, dan lebih melambangkan sang sultan daripada portret sang sultan. Kolom "Catatan" berisi informasi mengenai orangtua dan nasib tiap sultan. Bila pemerintahan seorang sultan tidak berakhir dengan kematian wajar, alasannya ditandai dengan cetak tebal. [2] Pada tahun 1617, hukum pergantian keturunan dalam Kesultanan ini diubah dari "siapa yang kuat akan menang" menjadi suatu sistem yang didasarkan atas tingkat senioritas agnatik (ekberiyet), yaitu tahta akan diteruskan oleh laki-laki tertua dalam keluarga. Ini menyebabkan sejak abad ke-17 sultan yang meninggal jarang digantikan oleh putranya, tetapi biasanya oleh seorang paman atau saudara laki-laki.[3] Sistem "senioritas agnatik" (agnatic seniority) dipertahankan sampai pembubaran kesultanan, meskipun pada abad ke-19 ada usaha yang gagal untuk mengganti dengan sistem "primogeniture" (keturunan tertua).[4]

# Sultan Potret Berkuasa sejak Berkuasa hingga Tughra Catatan
— Emir Gazi
Ertuğrul Bey
أرطغرل غازی
Amîr Ghazi -
Tuan yang Terhormat
(b. 1191 - d. 1281) 		1230 1281 —
[c]
— Emir Gazi
Osman Bey
عثمان بن أرطغرل
Amîr Fakhr ud-din
Othman-Al Ghazi - The Esquire
(b. 1258 - d. 1324) 		Potret Osman I by John Young 1281 1299 —
[c]
Pendirian Kesultanan Utsmaniyah
(27 Juli 1299 – 20 Juli 1402)
1 Osman I
GHAZI (Pejuang)
BEY (Taun Yang Terhormat)
KARA (Tanah atau Hitam) untuk keberaniannya 		Potret Osman I by John Young 1299 1324 —
[c]
2 Orhan I
GHAZI (Pejuang)
BEY (Tuan Yang Terhormat) 		Potret Orhan 1324 1362 Tughra of Orhan
3 Murad I
HÜDAVENDİGÂR - Khodāvandgār -

(The God-like One)
(Sultan since 1383)

Portret Murad I 1362 15 Juni 1389 Tughra of Murad I
4 Bayezid I
YILDIRIM (Petir) 		Potret Bayezid I by Cristofano dell'Altissimo 15 Juni 1389 20 Juli 1402 Tughra of Bayezid I
Ottoman Interregnum[d]
(20 Juli 1402 – 5 Juli 1413)
— İsa Çelebi
Co-Sultan Anatolia 		1403 1405 —
— Emir (Amir)
Süleyman Çelebi
Sultan Rumelia Pertama 		Potret Süleyman Çelebi 20 Juli 1402 17 Februari 1411[10] —
— Musa Çelebi
Sultan Rumelia Kedua 		Potret Musa Çelebi 18 Februari 1411 5 Juli 1413[12] —
— Mehmed Çelebi
Sultan Anatolia 		Potret Mehmed Çelebi 1403 - 1406
(Sultan Teritorial Anatolia Timur)

1406 - 1413
(Sultan Anatolia) 		5 Juli 1413 —
Kebangkitan Kesultanan Utsmaniyah
(5 Juli 1413 – 29 Mei 1453)
5 Mehmed I
ÇELEBİ (Ramah)
KİRİŞÇİ (Pembuat Tali Busur) untuk dukungannya 		Potret Mehmed I 5 Juli 1413 26 Mei 1421 Tughra of Mehmed I
6 Murad II
KOCA (Agung) 		Potret Murad II by John Young 25 Juni 1421 1444 Tughra of Murad II
7 Mehmed II
FATİH (Penakluk) 		1444 1446 Tughra of Mehmed II
— Murad II
KOCA (Agung) 		Potret Murad II by John Young 1446 3 Februari 1451 Tughra of Murad II
  • Masa pemerintahan kedua;
  • Dipaksa kembali bertakhta setelah terjadi pemberontakan Yanisari;[19]
  • Berkuasa sampai wafat.[16]
Perkembangan Kesultanan Utsmaniyah
(29 Mei 1453 – 11/12 September 1683)
— Mehmed II
FATİH (Penakluk) 		3 Februari 1451 3 Mei 1481 Tughra of Mehmed II
8 Bayezid II
VELÎ (Orang Suci) 		Potret Bayezid II by John Young 19 Mei 1481 25 April 1512 Tughra of Bayezid II
9 Selim I
YAVUZ (Tegas)
(Khalifah Muslim Sejak 1517) 		Potret Selim I by John Young 25 April 1512 21 September 1520 Tughra of Selim I
10 Suleiman I
Muhteşem (Yang Agung)

dan Kanuni (Pemberi Hukum)

Potret Suleiman yang Agung by Nakkaş Osman 30 September 1520 6 or 7 September 1566 Tughra of Suleiman yang Agung
11 Selim II
SARI (Kuning Kepirang-pirangan) 		Potret Selim II by John Young 29 September 1566 21 Desember 1574 Tughra of Selim II
12 Murad III Potret Murad III by John Young 22 Desember 1574 16 Januari 1595 Tughra of Murad III
13 Mehmed III
ADLÎ (Adil) 		Potret Mehmed III by John Young 27 Januari 1595 20 or 21 Desember 1603 Tughra of Mehmed III
14 Ahmed I
BAKHTÎ (Keberuntungan) 		Potret Ahmed I by John Young 21 Desember 1603 22 November 1617 Tughra of Ahmed I
15 Mustafa I
DELİ (Teruji) 		Potret Mustafa I by John Young 22 November 1617 26 Februari 1618 Tughra of Mustafa I
16 Osman II
GENÇ (The Young) 		Potret Osman II by John Young 26 Februari 1618 19 Mei 1622 Tughra of Osman II
— Mustafa I
DELİ (Teruji) 		Potret Mustafa I by John Young 20 Mei 1622 10 September 1623 Tughra of Mustafa I
17 Murad IV
GHAZI (Pejuang) 		Potret Murad IV by John Young 10 September 1623 8 or 9 Februari 1640 Tughra of Murad IV
18 Ibrahim I
DELİ (Pengatur) 		Potret Ibrahim by John Young 9 Februari 1640 8 Agustus 1648 Tughra of Ibrahim
19 Mehmed IV
AVCI (The Hunter) 		Potret Mehmed IV by John Young 8 Agustus 1648 8 November 1687 Tughra of Mehmed IV
Stagnasi Kesultanan Utsmaniyah
(11/12 September 1683 – 20 Oktober 1827)
20 Suleiman II Potret Suleiman II by John Young 8 November 1687 22 Juni 1691 Tughra of Suleiman II
21 Ahmed II
KHAN GHAZI (Pangeran Pejuang) 		Potret Ahmed II by John Young 22 Juni 1691 6 Februari 1695 Tughra of Ahmed II
22 Mustafa II
GHAZI (Pejuang) 		Potret Mustafa II by John Young 6 Februari 1695 22 Agustus 1703 Tughra of Mustafa II
23 Ahmed III Potret Ahmed III by John Young 22 Agustus 1703 1 or 2 Oktober 1730 Tughra of Ahmed III
24 Mahmud I
GHAZI (Pejuang)
KAMBUR (Bungkuk) 		Potret Mahmud I by John Young 2 Oktober 1730 13 Desember 1754 Tughra of Mahmud I
25 Osman III
SOFU (Saleh) 		Potret Osman III by John Young 13 Desember 1754 29 or 30 Oktober 1757 Tughra of Osman III
26 Mustafa III
YENİLİKÇİ (Inovatif Pertama) 		Potret Mustafa III by John Young 30 Oktober 1757 21 Januari 1774 Tughra of Mustafa III
27 Abd-ul-Hamid I
Hamba Allah 		Potret Abd-ul-Hamid I by John Young 21 Januari 1774 6 or 7 April 1789 Tughra of Abd-ul-Hamid I
28 Selim III
BESTEKÂR (Komposer) 		Potret Selim III by Konstantin Kapidagli 7 April 1789 29 Mei 1807 Tughra of Selim III
29 Mustafa IV Potret Mustafa IV by John Young 29 Mei 1807 28 Juli 1808 Tughra of Mustafa IV
30 Mahmud II
ISLAHÂTÇI (Reformator) 		Potret Mahmud II by John Young 28 Juli 1808 1 Juli 1839 Tughra of Mahmud II
Kemunduran Kesultanan Utsmaniyah
(20 Oktober 1827 – 24 Juli 1908)
31 Abd-ul-Mejid I
TANZİMÂTÇI (Reformis Kuat atau Advokat Reorganisasi) 		Potret Abd-ul-Mejid I 1 Juli 1839 25 Juni 1861 Tughra of Abd-ul-Mejid I
32 Abd-ul-Aziz I Potret Abd-ul-Aziz 25 Juni 1861 30 Mei 1876 Tughra of Abd-ul-Aziz
33 Murad V
 Potret Murad V 30 Mei 1876 31 Agustus 1876 Tughra of Murad V
34 Abd-ul-Hamid II
ULU HAN

(Khan yang Luhur)

Potret Abd-ul-Hamid II 31 Agustus 1876 27 April 1909 Tughra of Abd-ul-Hamid II
Pembubaran Kesultanan Utsmaniyah[e]
(24 Juli 1908 – 30 Oktober 1918)
35 Mehmed V
REŞÂD

(Pengikut Jalan Kebenaran)

Potret Mehmed V 27 April 1909 3 Juli 1918 Tughra of Mehmed V
Pembagian Kesultanan Utsmaniyah
(30 Oktober 1918 – 1 November 1922)
36 Mehmed VI
VÂHİD-ÜD-DÎN

(Pemersatu Agama (Islam) atau Kesatuan Islam)

Potret Mehmed VI by Sebah & Joaillier 4 Juli 1918 1 November 1922 Tughra of Mehmed VI
Kekhalifahan Republik
( 18 November 1922 – 3 Maret 1924 )
— Abd-ul-Mejid II
HALİFE

(Khalifah Islam Utsmaniyah Terakhir)

Potret Abd-ul-Mejid II 18 November 1922 3 Maret 1924 —
[c]

Lihat pula

Referensi

  1. ^ Stavrides 2001, p. 21
  2. ^ Quataert 2005, p. 91
  3. ^ Quataert 2005, p. 92
  4. ^ Karateke 2005, pp. 37–54
  5. ^ "Sultan Osman Gazi". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  6. ^ "Sultan Osman Gazi". Kementerian Budaya dan Pariwisata Republik Turki. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  7. ^ "Sultan Orhan Gazi". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  8. ^ "Sultan Murad Hüdavendigar Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  9. ^ "Sultan Yıldırım Beyezid Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  10. ^ Nicholae Jorga: Geschishte des Osmanichen (Trans :Nilüfer Epçeli) Vol 1 Yeditepe yayınları, İstanbul,2009,ISBN 975-6480-17-3 p 314
  11. ^ Nicholae Jorga: Geschishte des Osmanichen (Trans :Nilüfer Epçeli) Vol 1 Yeditepe yayınları, İstanbul, 2009, ISBN 975-6480-17-3 p 314
  12. ^ Joseph von Hammer:Osmanlı Tarihi cilt I (condensation: Abdülkadir Karahan), Milliyet yayınları, İstanbul. p 58-60.
  13. ^ Prof. Yaşar Yüce-Prof. Ali Sevim: Türkiye tarihi Cilt II, AKDTYKTTK Yayınları, İstanbul, 1991 p 74-75
  14. ^ Joseph von Hammer:Osmanlı Tarihi cilt I (condensation: Abdülkadir Karahan), Milliyet yayınları, İstanbul. p. 58-60.
  15. ^ "Sultan Mehmed Çelebi Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  16. ^ a b "Sultan II. Murad Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  17. ^ a b "Chronology: Sultan II. Murad Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-04-07. 
  18. ^ "Fatih Sultan Mehmed Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  19. ^ Kafadar 1996, p. xix
  20. ^ "Chronology: Fatih Sultan Mehmed Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2010-07-15. 
  21. ^ "Sultan II. Bayezid Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  22. ^ "Yavuz Sultan Selim Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  23. ^ "Kanuni Sultan Süleyman Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  24. ^ "Sultan II. Selim Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  25. ^ "Sultan III. Murad Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  26. ^ "Sultan III. Mehmed Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  27. ^ "Sultan I. Ahmed". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  28. ^ a b "Sultan I. Mustafa". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  29. ^ "Sultan II. Osman Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  30. ^ "Sultan IV. Murad Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  31. ^ "Sultan İbrahim Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  32. ^ "Sultan IV. Mehmed". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  33. ^ "Sultan II. Süleyman Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  34. ^ "Sultan II. Ahmed Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  35. ^ "Sultan II. Mustafa Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  36. ^ "Sultan III. Ahmed Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  37. ^ "Sultan I. Mahmud Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  38. ^ "Sultan III. Osman Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  39. ^ "Sultan III. Mustafa Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  40. ^ "Sultan I. Abdülhamit Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  41. ^ "Sultan III. Selim Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  42. ^ "Sultan IV. Mustafa Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  43. ^ "Sultan II. Mahmud Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  44. ^ "Sultan Abdülmecid Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  45. ^ "Sultan Abdülaziz Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  46. ^ "Sultan V. Murad Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  47. ^ "Sultan II. Abdülhamid Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  48. ^ "Sultan V. Mehmed Reşad Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  49. ^ "Sultan VI. Mehmed Vahdettin Han". Republic of Turkey Ministry of Culture and Tourism. Diakses tanggal 2009-02-06. 
  50. ^ As̜iroğlu 1992, p. 13
  51. ^ As̜iroğlu 1992, p. 17
  52. ^ As̜iroğlu 1992, p. 14

Bacaan lanjutan

Pranala luar

Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Sultans of the Ottoman Empire.
Ciptaan baru
 Penguasa Kesultanan Utsmaniyah
1299–1922 		Kesultanan dihapuskan
Kekuasaan dialihkan ke
Presiden Turki
Jabatan Islam Sunni
Didahului oleh:
Dinasti Abbasyid
in Cairo 		Kalifah
1517–1924 		Penghapusan Kekhalifahan
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