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'''Sentimen anti-Jerman''' (atau '''Jermanofobia''') didefinisikan sebagai penentangan atau rasa takut terhadap [[Jerman]], [[bangsa Jerman|penduduk]], [[Budaya Jerman|budaya]], dan [[Bahasa Jerman]].<ref>{{cite book |title=American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition |publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin]] |year=2000 |location= |pages= |url= |doi= |id= |isbn=0-395-82517-2 |author= executive editor, Joseph P. Pickett}}</ref> |
'''Sentimen anti-Jerman''' (atau '''Jermanofobia''') didefinisikan sebagai penentangan atau rasa takut terhadap [[Jerman]], [[bangsa Jerman|penduduk]], [[Budaya Jerman|budaya]], dan [[Bahasa Jerman]].<ref>{{cite book |title=American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition |publisher=[[Houghton Mifflin]] |year=2000 |location= |pages= |url= |doi= |id= |isbn=0-395-82517-2 |author= executive editor, Joseph P. Pickett}}</ref> Kebalikannya adalah [[Jermanofilia]]. Sentimen ini sebagian besar dimulai dengan pertengahan abad ke-19 [[penyatuan Jerman]], yang membuat negara baru itu menjadi saingan [[Kekuasaan Besar]] Eropa atas dasar ekonomi, manufaktur, dan militer. |
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== Catatan == |
== Catatan == |
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Revisi per 16 Oktober 2018 09.19
Sentimen anti-Jerman (atau Jermanofobia) didefinisikan sebagai penentangan atau rasa takut terhadap Jerman, penduduk, budaya, dan Bahasa Jerman.[1] Kebalikannya adalah Jermanofilia. Sentimen ini sebagian besar dimulai dengan pertengahan abad ke-19 penyatuan Jerman, yang membuat negara baru itu menjadi saingan Kekuasaan Besar Eropa atas dasar ekonomi, manufaktur, dan militer.
Catatan
Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag
<ref> dengan nama "influential" yang didefinisikan di <references> tidak digunakan pada teks sebelumnya.Referensi
- ^ executive editor, Joseph P. Pickett (2000). American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, Fourth Edition. Houghton Mifflin. ISBN 0-395-82517-2.
Bacaan lebih lanjut
- Dekker, Henk, and Lutsen B. Jansen. "Attitudes and stereotypes of young people in the Netherlands with respect to Germany." in The puzzle of Integration: European Yearbook on Youth Policy and Research 1 (1995): 49–61. excerpt
- DeWitt, Petra. Degrees of Allegiance: Harassment and Loyalty in Missouri's German-American Community during World War I (Ohio University Press, 2012)., on USA
- Ellis, M. and P. Panayi. "German Minorities in World War I: A Comparative Study of Britain and the USA", Ethnic and Racial Studies 17 (April 1994): 238–259.
- Lipstadt, Deborah E. "America and the Memory of the Holocaust, 1950–1965." Modern Judaism (1996) 16#3 pp: 195–214.
- Scully, Richard. British Images of Germany: Admiration, Antagonism & Ambivalence, 1860–1914 (2012)
- Tischauser, Leslie V. The Burden of Ethnicity: The German Question in Chicago, 1914–1941. (1990).
- Wingfield, Nancy M. "The Politics of Memory: Constructing National Identity in the Czech Lands, 1945 to 1948." East European Politics & Societies (2000) 14#2 pp: 246–267. Argues that anti-German attitudes were paramount
- Yndigegn, Carsten. "Reviving Unfamiliarity—The Case of Public Resistance to the Establishment of the Danish–German Euroregion." European Planning Studies 21.1 (2013): 58–74. Abstract
Pranala luar
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Anti-German propaganda.
- "Nobody Would Eat Kraut": Lola Gamble Clyde on Anti-German Sentiment in Idaho During World War I (Oral history courtesy of Latah County Historical Society)
- "Get the Rope!" Anti-German Violence in World War I-era Wisconsin (from History Matters, a project of the American Social History Project/Center for Media and Learning)
- "We Had to Be So Careful" A German Farmer's Recollections of Anti-German Sentiment in World War I (Oral history courtesy of Latah County Historical Society)
- Article from Der Spiegel 31/10.2006 on Polish–German Relations
- Article from Allan Hall in The Scotsman 11 July 2003: "Why do we still laugh at Germany?"
- Newspaper articles from 1918, describing the lynching of Robert Prager in Collinsville, Illinois
- Bank weathered anti-German hysteria, Great Depression – Pantagraph (Bloomington, Illinois newspaper)
- German-language paper under suspicion during WW I – Pantagraph (Bloomington, Illinois newspaper)