Tentara Merah: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Soviet military}} |
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The '''Workers' and Peasants' Red Army''' ({{lang-ru|Рабоче-крестьянская Красная армия (РККА)}}, ''Raboče-krestjjanskaja Krasnaja armija ('''RKKA''')''), frequently shortened to '''Red Army''' ({{lang|rus|Красная армия (КА)}}, ''Krasnaja armija ('''KA''')''; Army of Work) was the army and the air force of the [[Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic]], and, after 1922, the [[Union of Soviet Socialist Republics]]. The army was established immediately after the 1917 [[October Revolution]] (Red October or Bolshevik Revolution). The [[Bolsheviks]] raised an army to oppose the military confederations (especially the various groups collectively known as the [[White Army]]) of their adversaries during the [[Russian Civil War]]. Beginning in February 1946, the Red Army, along with the [[Soviet Navy]], embodied the main component of the [[Soviet Armed Forces]]; taking the official name of "[[Soviet Army]]", until its dissolution in December 1991. |
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The Red Army provided the largest [[land warfare|land force]] in the Allied victory in the [[European theatre of World War II]], and its [[Soviet invasion of Manchuria|invasion of Manchuria]] assisted the unconditional surrender of [[Empire of Japan|Imperial Japan]]. During operations on the [[Eastern Front (World War II)|Eastern Front]], it accounted for 75–80% of casualties the [[Wehrmacht]] and [[Waffen-SS]] suffered during the war and ultimately captured the [[Nazi Germany|Nazi German]] capital, [[Berlin]].<ref>{{Citation | first = Norman | last = Davies | quote = Since 75%–80% of all German losses were inflicted on the eastern front it follows that the efforts of the western allies accounted for only 20%–25% | newspaper = Sunday Times | date = 5 November 2006 | url=http://www.thesundaytimes.co.uk/sto/news/article167017.ece | title=How we didn't win the war . . . but the Russians did }}.</ref> |
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[[Berkas:State Coat of Arms of the USSR (1958-1991 version) transparent background.png|100px|ka|Lambang Tentara Merah]] |
[[Berkas:State Coat of Arms of the USSR (1958-1991 version) transparent background.png|100px|ka|Lambang Tentara Merah]] |
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Revisi per 27 April 2019 10.03
| Petani dan Buruh Tentara Merah | |
|---|---|
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| Aktif | 15 Januari 1918 – 25 Februari 1946 |
| Negara |
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| Aliansi | Partai Komunis Uni Soviet |
| Tipe unit | Tentara |
| Peran | Land warfare |
| Jumlah personel | 32,000,000 total served |
| Pertempuran | |
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Tentara Merah adalah julukan untuk Рабоче-крестьянская Красная армия (Raboche-krest'yanskaya Krasnaya armiya – Tentara Merah Buruh dan Petani), angkatan bersenjata yang pertama didirikan oleh kaum Bolshevik selama Perang Saudara Rusia pada 1918. Organisasi ini menjadi tentara Uni Soviet setelah didirikannya URSS pada 1922, dan kemudian menjadi angkatan bersenjata terbesar di dunia dari tahun 1940-an sampai awal 1990-an.
Mulai bulan Februari 1946, Tentara Merah, bersama dengan Angkatan Laut Soviet , mewujudkan komponen utama Angkatan Bersenjata Soviet ; mengambil nama resmi " Tentara Soviet ", sampai bubar pada Desember 1991.
Tentara Merah
Bibliografi
- Carrere D'Encausse, Helene. The End of the Soviet Empire: The Triumph of the Nations, Basic Books, 1992, ISBN 0-465-09818-5.
- Chamberlain, William Henry (1957), The Russian Revolution: 1917–1921, New York: Macmillan.
- Erickson, John (1962), The Soviet High Command 1918–41 – A Military-Political History, London: MacMillan, OCLC 569056.
- Glantz, David M (1998), Stumbling Colossus: The Red Army on the Eve of World War, University Press of Kansas, ISBN 978-0-7006-0879-9.
- ——— (2005), Colossus Reborn, University Press of Kansas, ISBN 978-0-7006-1353-3.
- House, Jonathan M (1984), Toward Combined Arms Warfare: A Survey of 20th Century Tactics, Doctrine, and Organization (PDF), Fort Leavenworth, KS: US Army Command and General Staff College, OCLC 11650157, 66027–6900.
- Isby, David C. Weapons and Tactics of the Soviet Army, Jane's, 1988, ISBN 978-0-7106-0352-4.
- Merridale, Catherine (2006), Ivan's War: Life and Death in the Red Army, 1939–1945, New York: Macmillan, ISBN 978-0-8050-7455-0.
- ——— (2007) [2006], Ivan's War: Life and Death in the Red Army, 1939–1945, New York: Macmillan, ISBN 978-0-312-42652-1.
- Moynahan, Brian. Claws of the Bear: The History of the Red Army from the Revolution to the Present (1989).
- Odom, William E. The Collapse of the Soviet Military, Yale University Press, New Haven and London, 1998, ISBN 978-0-300-07469-7.
- Overy, RJ (2004), The Dictators: Hitler's Germany and Stalin's Russia, WW Norton, ISBN 978-0-393-02030-4.
- Overmans, Rűdiger (2000), Deutsche militärische Verluste im Zweiten Weltkrieg (dalam bahasa German), Oldenbourg, ISBN 3-486-56531-1.
- Reese, Roger R. Why Stalin's Soldiers Fought: The Red Army's Military Effectiveness in World War II (University Press of Kansas; 2011) 400 pp.
- Schofield, Carey (1991), Inside the Soviet Army, London: Headline, ISBN 978-0-7472-0418-3.
- Scott, Harriet Fast; Scott, William F (1984), The Armed Forces of the USSR (edisi ke-3rd), Boulder, CO: Westview, ISBN 0-86531-792-5.
- Shaw, John (1979), Red Army Resurgent, Alexandria, VA: Time-Life, ISBN 0-8094-2520-3.
- Tolstoy, Nikolai (1981), Stalin's Secret War, New York: Holt, Rinehart & Winston, ISBN 0-03-047266-0.
- Williams, Beryl (1987), The Russian Revolution 1917–1921, Blackwell, ISBN 978-0-631-15083-1.
- Zaloga, Steven; Grandsen, James (1984), Soviet Tanks and Combat Vehicles of World War Two, London: Arms & Armour.
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