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Segel silinder adalah silinder bundar kecil, panjangnya biasanya sekitar satu inci atau 2-3 cm, diukir dengan karakter tertulis atau adegan figuratif atau keduanya, yang digunakan pada zaman kuno untuk mencap permukaan datar dua dimesi, biasanya pada tanah liat basah.

Segel silinder ditemukan sekitar 3500 SM di Timur Dekat, di sebuah situs kontemporer Uruk di selatan Mesopotamia dan tidak lama kemudian ditemukan juga di Susa, barat daya Iran selama periode Proto-Elamite, dan segel silinder mengikuti perkembangan penggunaan segel stempel dari budaya Halaf atau sedikit lebih awal.^[4]

Segel ini juga terkait dengan penemuan aksara paku yang terakhir pada sebuah tablet tanah liat.^[5]^[6]^[7] Segel silinder digunakan sebagai alat administrasi, tanda tangan, perhiasan dan dijadikan jimat ajaib,^[8] versi yang lebih baru menggunakan notasi aksara paku Mesopotamia.

Pada periode selanjutnya, segel ini digunakan untuk notaris atau membuktikan beberapa dokumen dari tanah liat. Kuburan dan situs-situs lain yang menyimpan barang-barang berharga seperti emas, perak, manik-manik, dan batu permata sering terdapat satu atau dua segel silinder di dalamnya, sebagai barang-barang bekal kubur.

Referensi

^ British Museum notice WA 121544
^ Crawford, Harriet (2013). The Sumerian World (dalam bahasa Inggris). Routledge. hlm. 622. ISBN 9781136219115.
^ Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and; Hansen, Donald P.; Pittman, Holly (1998). Treasures from the Royal Tombs of Ur (dalam bahasa Inggris). UPenn Museum of Archaeology. hlm. 78. ISBN 9780924171550.
^ Brown, Brian A.; Feldman, Marian H. (2013). Critical Approaches to Ancient Near Eastern Art (dalam bahasa Inggris). Walter de Gruyter. hlm. 304. ISBN 9781614510352.
^ Mesopotamian cylinder seals, British Museum
^ Why Cylinder Seals? Engraved Cylindrical Seal Stones of the Ancient Near East, Fourth to First Millennium B.C., by Edith Porada © 1993 College Art Association., The Art Bulletin, Vol. 75, No. 4 (Dec., 1993), pp. 563-582, JSTOR
^ Ancient cylinder seal found in Iran, 2 March 2009, Press TV
^ "Ancient Cylinder Seals". Johns Hopkins Archaeological Museum. Johns Hopkins University. Diakses tanggal June 12, 2019.

Bacaan lebih lanjut

Bahn, Paul. Lost Treasures, Great Discoveries in World Archaeology, Ed. by Paul G. Bahn, (Barnes and Noble Books, New York), c 1999. Examples of, or discussions of Stamp seals, cylinder seals and a metal stamp seal.
Collon, Dominique. Near Eastern Seals, (British Museum, London), 1990. Shorter account which also includes stamp seals . Part of the BM's Interpreting the Past series
Frankfort, H. Cylinder Seals, 1939, London. A classic, though obviously doesn't reflect later research.

Pranala luar

a collection of seals and scarabs from international collectors and galleries, accompanied by an archeologist
Seals on the Persepolis Fortification Tablets - by Mark B. Garrison and Margaret C. Root, at the Oriental Institute webpage
Cylinder seal of Pepi I Meryre. Serpentinite, click on pictures; (possibly not meant to be an 'Impression seal').

[1] British Museum notice WA 121544

[2] Crawford, Harriet (2013). The Sumerian World (dalam bahasa Inggris). Routledge. hlm. 622. ISBN 9781136219115.

[3] Anthropology, University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and; Hansen, Donald P.; Pittman, Holly (1998). Treasures from the Royal Tombs of Ur (dalam bahasa Inggris). UPenn Museum of Archaeology. hlm. 78. ISBN 9780924171550.

[4] Brown, Brian A.; Feldman, Marian H. (2013). Critical Approaches to Ancient Near Eastern Art (dalam bahasa Inggris). Walter de Gruyter. hlm. 304. ISBN 9781614510352.

[5] Mesopotamian cylinder seals, British Museum

[6] Why Cylinder Seals? Engraved Cylindrical Seal Stones of the Ancient Near East, Fourth to First Millennium B.C., by Edith Porada © 1993 College Art Association., The Art Bulletin, Vol. 75, No. 4 (Dec., 1993), pp. 563-582, JSTOR

[7] Ancient cylinder seal found in Iran, 2 March 2009, Press TV

[8] "Ancient Cylinder Seals". Johns Hopkins Archaeological Museum. Johns Hopkins University. Diakses tanggal June 12, 2019.

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@@ Baris 1: / Baris 1: @@
 [[Berkas:Cylinder seal king Louvre AO6620.jpg|jmpl|upright=1.5|Segel silinder pada [[Uruk|periode Uruk]] sekitar 3.100 SM. [[Museum Louvre]].]]
 [[Berkas:Flickr - Nic's events - British Museum with Cory and Mary, 6 Sep 2007 - 185.jpg|jmpl|upright=1.5|Segel silinder Ratu [[Puabi]] dari [[Dinasti Pertama Ur]], ditemukan di makamnya, tertanggal sekitar 2.600 SM. Tertulis 𒅤𒀀𒉿 𒊩𒌆''Pu-A-Bi-[[NIN (cuneiform)|Nin]]'' "Ratu Puabi".<ref>[https://www.flickr.com/photos/nics_events/1337998095/in/photostream/ British Museum notice WA 121544]</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Crawford |first1=Harriet |title=The Sumerian World |date=2013 |publisher=Routledge |isbn=9781136219115 |page=622 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4SKYAAAAQBAJ&pg=PT622 |language=en}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Anthropology |first1=University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and |last2=Hansen |first2=Donald P. |last3=Pittman |first3=Holly |title=Treasures from the Royal Tombs of Ur |date=1998 |publisher=UPenn Museum of Archaeology |isbn=9780924171550 |page=78 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=h8j76olVKloC&pg=PA78 |language=en}}</ref>]]
-[[Berkas:Cylinder Seal, Old Babylonian, formerly in the Charterhouse Collection 09.jpg|jmpl|upright=1.5|right|Segel silinder Babilonia Lama sekitar 1.800 SM, [[hematit]].]]
+[[Berkas:Cylinder Seal, Old Babylonian, formerly in the Charterhouse Collection 09.jpg|jmpl|upright=1.5|ka|Segel silinder Babilonia Lama sekitar 1.800 SM, [[hematit]].]]
 '''Segel silinder''' adalah silinder bundar kecil, panjangnya biasanya sekitar satu inci atau 2-3 cm, diukir dengan karakter tertulis atau adegan figuratif atau keduanya, yang digunakan pada zaman kuno untuk mencap permukaan datar dua dimesi, biasanya pada [[tanah liat]] basah.
 Segel silinder ditemukan sekitar [[Abad ke-35 SM|3500 SM]] di [[Timur Dekat]], di sebuah situs kontemporer [[Uruk]] di selatan [[Mesopotamia]] dan tidak lama kemudian ditemukan juga di [[Susa]], barat daya [[Iran]] selama periode [[Proto-Elamite]], dan segel silinder mengikuti perkembangan penggunaan [[segel stempel]] dari [[budaya Halaf]] atau sedikit lebih awal.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Brown |first1=Brian A. |last2=Feldman |first2=Marian H. |title=Critical Approaches to Ancient Near Eastern Art |date=2013 |publisher=Walter de Gruyter |isbn=9781614510352 |page=304 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=F4DoBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA304 |language=en}}</ref>
-Segel ini juga terkait dengan penemuan [[aksara paku]] yang terakhir pada sebuah tablet tanah liat.<ref>[https://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/article_index/m/mesopotamian_cylinder_seals.aspx Mesopotamian cylinder seals], British Museum</ref><ref>[https://www.jstor.org/pss/3045984 Why Cylinder Seals? Engraved Cylindrical Seal Stones of the Ancient Near East, Fourth to First Millennium B.C., by Edith Porada  © 1993 College Art Association.], The Art Bulletin, Vol. 75, No. 4 (Dec., 1993), pp. 563-582, JSTOR</ref><ref>[http://www.presstv.ir/detail.aspx?id=87240&sectionid=351020105 Ancient cylinder seal found in Iran], 2 March 2009, Press TV</ref> Segel silinder digunakan sebagai alat administrasi, tanda tangan, perhiasan dan dijadikan [[jimat]] ajaib,<ref>{{cite web |title=Ancient Cylinder Seals |url=http://archaeologicalmuseum.jhu.edu/the-collection/object-stories/cylinder-seals-from-the-ancient-near-east/ |website=Johns Hopkins Archaeological Museum |publisher=Johns Hopkins University |accessdate=June 12, 2019}}</ref> versi yang lebih baru menggunakan notasi [[Aksara paku|aksara paku Mesopotamia]].
+Segel ini juga terkait dengan penemuan [[aksara paku]] yang terakhir pada sebuah tablet tanah liat.<ref>[https://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/highlights/article_index/m/mesopotamian_cylinder_seals.aspx Mesopotamian cylinder seals], British Museum</ref><ref>[https://www.jstor.org/pss/3045984 Why Cylinder Seals? Engraved Cylindrical Seal Stones of the Ancient Near East, Fourth to First Millennium B.C., by Edith Porada © 1993 College Art Association.], The Art Bulletin, Vol. 75, No. 4 (Dec., 1993), pp. 563-582, JSTOR</ref><ref>[http://www.presstv.ir/detail.aspx?id=87240&sectionid=351020105 Ancient cylinder seal found in Iran], 2 March 2009, Press TV</ref> Segel silinder digunakan sebagai alat administrasi, tanda tangan, perhiasan dan dijadikan [[jimat]] ajaib,<ref>{{cite web |title=Ancient Cylinder Seals |url=http://archaeologicalmuseum.jhu.edu/the-collection/object-stories/cylinder-seals-from-the-ancient-near-east/ |website=Johns Hopkins Archaeological Museum |publisher=Johns Hopkins University |accessdate=June 12, 2019}}</ref> versi yang lebih baru menggunakan notasi [[Aksara paku|aksara paku Mesopotamia]].
-Pada periode selanjutnya, segel ini digunakan untuk [[notaris|notaris]] atau membuktikan beberapa dokumen dari tanah liat. [[Bekal kubur|Kuburan]] dan situs-situs lain yang menyimpan barang-barang berharga seperti emas, perak, manik-manik, dan batu permata sering terdapat satu atau dua segel silinder di dalamnya, sebagai barang-barang [[bekal kubur]].
+Pada periode selanjutnya, segel ini digunakan untuk [[notaris]] atau membuktikan beberapa dokumen dari tanah liat. [[Bekal kubur|Kuburan]] dan situs-situs lain yang menyimpan barang-barang berharga seperti emas, perak, manik-manik, dan batu permata sering terdapat satu atau dua segel silinder di dalamnya, sebagai barang-barang [[bekal kubur]].
 == Referensi ==
@@ Baris 15: / Baris 15: @@
 == Bacaan lebih lanjut ==
-* Bahn, Paul.  ''Lost Treasures, Great Discoveries in World Archaeology'', Ed. by Paul G. Bahn, (Barnes and Noble Books, New York), c 1999.  Examples of, or discussions of Stamp seals, cylinder seals and a metal stamp seal.
+* Bahn, Paul. ''Lost Treasures, Great Discoveries in World Archaeology'', Ed. by Paul G. Bahn, (Barnes and Noble Books, New York), c 1999. Examples of, or discussions of Stamp seals, cylinder seals and a metal stamp seal.
 * Collon, Dominique. ''Near Eastern Seals'', (British Museum, London), 1990. Shorter account which also includes stamp seals . Part of the BM's ''Interpreting the Past'' series
 * Frankfort, H. ''Cylinder Seals'', 1939, London. A classic, though obviously doesn't reflect later research.
 == Pranala luar ==
-*[http://www.seal-collector.de a collection of seals and scarabs from international collectors and galleries, accompanied by an archeologist]
+* [http://www.seal-collector.de a collection of seals and scarabs from international collectors and galleries, accompanied by an archeologist]
-*[http://oi.uchicago.edu/OI/DEPT/PUB/SRC/OIP/117/OIP117.html ''Seals on the Persepolis Fortification Tablets''] - by Mark B. Garrison and Margaret C. Root, at the [http://oi.uchicago.edu Oriental Institute webpage]
+* [http://oi.uchicago.edu/OI/DEPT/PUB/SRC/OIP/117/OIP117.html ''Seals on the Persepolis Fortification Tablets''] - by Mark B. Garrison and Margaret C. Root, at the [http://oi.uchicago.edu Oriental Institute webpage]
-*[http://www.globalegyptianmuseum.org/detail.aspx?id=1249 Cylinder seal of [[Pepi I Meryre]].] [[Serpentinite]], click on pictures; (possibly not meant to be an 'Impression seal').
+* [http://www.globalegyptianmuseum.org/detail.aspx?id=1249 Cylinder seal of [[Pepi I Meryre]].] [[Serpentinite]], click on pictures; (possibly not meant to be an 'Impression seal').
 [[Kategori:Mesopotamia Kuno]]