Henry H. Arnold: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Infobox military person |
{{Infobox military person |
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|honorific_prefix=[[ |
|honorific_prefix=[[Marsekal Besar (AS)|Marsekal Besar]] |
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|birth_name= Henry Harley Arnold |
|birth_name= Henry Harley Arnold |
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|birth_date= {{Birth date|1886|06|25}} |
|birth_date= {{Birth date|1886|06|25}} |
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|nickname="Hap" |
|nickname="Hap" |
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|allegiance={{flag|Amerika Serikat|1908}} |
|allegiance={{flag|Amerika Serikat|1908}} |
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|branch= {{Army|United States}}<br/>{{air force|United States}} |
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|branch=[[Berkas:USA - Army Infantry Insignia.png|25px]] [[Infantry Branch (United States)|Infantry, United States Army]]<br/>[[Berkas:Insignia signal.svg|20px]] [[Aeronautical Division, U.S. Signal Corps|Aeronautical Division, Signal Corps]]<br>[[Berkas:Insignia signal.svg|20px]] [[Aviation Section, U.S. Signal Corps|Aviation Section, Signal Corps]]<br/>[[Berkas:Prop and wings.svg|20px]] [[United States Army Air Service|Air Service, United States Army]]<br/>[[Berkas:USAAC Roundel 1919-1941.svg|20px]] [[United States Army Air Corps]]<br>[[Berkas:US Army Air Corps Hap Arnold Wings.svg|20px]] [[United States Army Air Forces]]<br>{{air force|USA}} |
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|serviceyears= 1907-1947 (Angkatan Darat)<br/>1947-1950 (Angkatan Udara) |
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|rank= [[Berkas:US-O11 insignia.svg|20px]] [[Jenderal Angkatan Darat (Amerika Serikat)|Jenderal Angkatan Darat]] |
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[[ |
|rank= [[File:US Army O11 shoulderboard rotated.svg|60px]] [[Jenderal Besar Angkatan Darat (AS)|Jenderal Besar]]<br/>[[File:US Air Force O11 shoulderboard with seal-horizontal.png|60px]] [[Marsekal Besar (AS)|Marsekal Besar]] |
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|servicenumber= O-2255 |
|servicenumber= O-2255 |
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|commands= [[Berkas:US Army Air Corps Hap Arnold Wings.svg|20px]] [[Pasukan Udara Angkatan Darat Amerika Serikat|Pasukan Udara Angkatan Darat AS]]<br/>[[Berkas:Twentieth Air Force - Emblem (World War II).png|kiri|20px]] [[ |
|commands= [[Berkas:US Army Air Corps Hap Arnold Wings.svg|20px]] [[Pasukan Udara Angkatan Darat Amerika Serikat|Pasukan Udara Angkatan Darat AS]]<br/>[[Berkas:Twentieth Air Force - Emblem (World War II).png|kiri|20px]] [[Angkatan Udara Kedua Puluh]]<br/>[[Sayap Bombardemen ke-1 (Perang Dunia II)|Sayap ke-1, Pasukan Udara GHQ]] |
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|unit= |
|unit= |
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|battles=[[Perang Dunia I]]<br/>[[Perang Dunia II]] |
|battles=[[Perang Dunia I]]<br/>[[Perang Dunia II]] |
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|awards= [[Army Distinguished Service Medal]]<br/>[[Legion of Merit]]<br/>[[Distinguished Flying Cross (Amerika Serikat)|Distinguished Flying Cross]]<br/>[[Air Medal]] |
|awards= [[U.S. Army Distinguished Service Medal|Distinguished Service Medal]]<br/>[[Legion of Merit]]<br/>[[Distinguished Flying Cross (Amerika Serikat)|Distinguished Flying Cross]]<br/>[[Air Medal]] |
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|laterwork= |
|laterwork= |
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Revisi per 12 Maret 2020 06.14
| Marsekal Besar Henry H. Arnold | |
|---|---|
 Jenderal Henry H. Arnold | |
| Nama lahir | Henry Harley Arnold |
| Julukan | "Hap" |
| Lahir | 25 Juni 1886 Gladwyne, Pennsylvania |
| Meninggal | 15 Januari 1950 (umur 63) Sonoma, California |
| Tempat pemakaman | Pemakaman Nasional Arlington |
| Pengabdian |  Amerika Serikat |
| Dinas/cabang |  Angkatan Darat Amerika Serikat Angkatan Udara Amerika Serikat |
| Lama dinas | 1907-1947 (Angkatan Darat) 1947-1950 (Angkatan Udara) |
| Pangkat | .svg){kind=small} Jenderal Besar Marsekal Besar |
| NRP | O-2255 |
| Komandan |  Pasukan Udara Angkatan Darat AS.png) Sayap ke-1, Pasukan Udara GHQ |
| Perang/pertempuran | Perang Dunia I Perang Dunia II |
| Penghargaan | Distinguished Service Medal Legion of Merit Distinguished Flying Cross Air Medal |
Henry Harley "Hap" Arnold (25 Juni 1886 – 15 Januari 1950) adalah seorang perwira jenderal Amerika yang meraih pangkat Jenderal Angkatan Darat dan Jenderal Angkatan Laut. Arnold adalah seorang pelopor penerbangan, Ketua Korps Udara (1938–1941), Komando Jenderal Pasukan Udara Angkatan Darat AS pada Perang Dunia II, satu-satunya jenderal Angkatan Udara AS yang meraih pangkat bintang lima, dan satu-satunya perwira berpangkat bintang lima dalam dua pelayanan militer AS yang berbeda.[1] Arnold juga merupakan pendiri Proyek RAND, RAND Corporation, dan salah satu pendiri Pan American World Airways.
Diajari menerbang oleh Wright bersaudara, Arnold adalah salah satu pilot militer pertama di dunia, dan salah satu dari tiga pilot berpangkat dalam sejarah Angkatan Udara Amerika Serikat.[nb 1]
Catatan
- Catatan kaki
- ^ Arnold, Capt. Charles DeF. Chandler, and Lt. Thomas Milling all qualified for the rating on July 5, 1912. Milling received the first certificate while Arnold was listed first on War Department General Order No. 39, which was the first list of rated Military Aviators. (Hennessy 1958, hlm. 59, 229)
- Kutipan
- ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag
<ref>tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernamaans
Referensi
- Arnold, Henry H. (1949). Global Mission, Harper and Brothers Publishers, New York. (1989 reprint, McGraw-Hill Publishing, ISBN 0-8306-4004-5)
- Association of Graduates (2012). Biographical Register of the Officers and Graduates of the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York. West Point, New York: USMA Digital Library. ("Cullum's Biographical Register") Vol. 9 1940-1950
- Cameron, Rebecca Hancock (1999). Training to Fly: Military Flight Training 1907–1945. Washington, D.C.: Air Force History and Museums Program. OCLC 606500804.
- Cate, James L (1954). "Vol. 5 The Pacific: MATTERHORN to Nagasaki June 1944 to August 1945" (PDF). The Army Air Forces in World War II. Air Force Historical Studies Office. Diakses tanggal 2012-08-11.
- Craven, Wesley Frank, and Cate, James Lea (1948). "Vol. 1: Plans and Early Operations January 1939 to August 1942" (PDF). The Army Air Forces in World War II. Air Force Historical Studies Office. Diakses tanggal 2012-08-11.
- Clay, Lt.Col. Steven E. (2010). US Army Order of Battle 1919-1941 Vol. 3: The Services: Air Service, Engineers, and Special Troops Organizations (PDF). Command and General Staff College, Kansas: Combat Studies Institute Press. ISBN 978-0-9841901-4-0. Diakses tanggal 2011-09-20.
- Coffey, Thomas M. (1982). Hap: The Story of the U.S. Air Force and the Man Who Built It General Henry H. 'Hap' Arnold. Viking Press. ISBN 0-670-36069-4.
- Davis, Richard G. (1997). HAP: Henry H. Arnold, Military Aviator (PDF). Bolling AFB, Washington, D.C.: Air Force History and Museums Program. ISBN 0-16-049071-5.
- Goss, William A. (1954). "Origins of the Army Air Forces". Dalam Craven, Wesley F. and Cate, James L. The Army Air Forces in World War II Vol. Six: Men and Planes. University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-912799-03-X.
- Griffith, Charles (1999). The Quest: Haywood Hansell and American Strategic Bombing in World War II (PDF). Maxwell Air Force Base: Air University Press. ISBN 1-58566-069-8. Diakses tanggal 2011-01-12.
- Haller, Stephen A. The Last Word in Airfields: A Special History Study of Crissy Field, Presidio of San Francisco, California (PDF). San Francisco, California: National Park Service. Diakses tanggal January 1, 2013.
- Heimdahl, William C., and Hurley, Alfred F., "The Roots of U.S. Military Aviation," Winged Shield, Winged Sword: A History of the United States Air Force Vol. I (1997), ISBN 0-16-049009-X
- Herman, Arthur (2012). Freedom's Forge: How American Business Produced Victory in World War II. New York: Random House. ISBN 978-1-4000-6964-4
- Hofmann, George F. (2006). Through Mobility We Conquer: The Mechanization of the U.S. Cavalry. Lexington, Kentucky: The University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 0-8131-2403-4.
- Huston, John W. (2002). "Biography". Dalam Maj. Gen. John W. Huston, USAF. American Airpower Comes of Age: General Henry H. "Hap" Arnold's World War II Diaries (PDF). Air University Press. ISBN 1-58566-093-0. Huston's introductory "Biography" is 108 pages in length and a detailed account of Arnold's life, both professional and personal, to 1941.
- --- "The Wartime Leadership of 'Hap' Arnold." In Alfred F. Hurley and Robert C. Erhart, eds. Air Power and Air Warfare (1979) 168-85.
- Jordan, Jonathan W. (2015), American Warlords: How Roosevelt's High Command Led America to Victory in World War II (NAL/Caliber 2015).
- Nalty, Bernard C., editor (1997). Winged Shield, Winged Sword: A History of the United States Air Force. Air Force History and Museums Program. ISBN 0-16-049009-X.
- Perret, Geoffrey (1997). Winged Victory: The U.S. Army Air Corps During World War II, Random House. ISBN 978-0-375-75047-2
- Rice, Rondall Ravor (2004). The Politics of Air Power: From Confrontation to Cooperation in Army Aviation Civil-Military Relations, University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 0-8032-3960-2
- Tate, Dr. James P. (1998). The Army and its Air Corps: Army Policy Toward Aviation 1919-1941. Air University Press. ISBN 0-16-061379-5.
- Walker, Lois F. and Wickam, Shelby Z. (1986). "Part I: Huffman Prairie 1904-1916". From Huffman Prairie to the Moon: A History of Wright-Patterson Air Force Base. Office of History, 2750th Air Base Wing, WPAFB. ISBN 0-16-002204-5.
- Watson, George M. Jr. (2002). "Arnold, Henry H. "Hap" (1886-1950)". Dalam Walter J. Boyne. Air Warfare: An International Encyclopedia, Vol. I, Entries A-l. ABC-CLIO, Inc. hlm. 45. ISBN 1-57607-345-9.
- Pembelajaran Sejarah USAF
- No. 89: Greer, Thomas H. (1985). The Development of Air Doctrine in the Army Air Arm, 1917–1941 (PDF). Maxwell Air Force Base: Center For Air Force History. ISBN 0-912799-25-0. OCLC 12558056. Diakses tanggal 2011-01-11.
- No. 91: Fogerty, Robert P. (1953). Biographical Data on Air Force General Officers, 1917-1952, Volume 1 - A thru L (PDF). Maxwell Air Force Base: USAF Historical Division. Diakses tanggal 2011-08-10.
- No. 98: Hennessy, Juliette A. (1958). The United States Army Air Arm, April 1861 to April 1917 (PDF). Maxwell Air Force Base: USAF Historical Division. ISBN 0-912799-34-X. OCLC 12553968. Diakses tanggal 2011-08-10.
- No. 112: Cate, James L. (1945). History of the Twentieth Air Force: Genesis (PDF). Maxwell Air Force Base: USAF Historical Division. Diakses tanggal 2015-08-14.
- Jurnal
- Daso, Major Dik A. (USAF) (1996). "Origins of Airpower: Hap Arnold's Early Career in Aviation Technology, 1903–1935" (PDF). Airpower Journal. X (Winter). Diakses tanggal 2011-01-07. (Part I)
- --- (1997). "Origins of Airpower: Hap Arnold's Command Years and Aviation Technology, 1936-1945" (PDF). Airpower Journal. XI (Fall). Diakses tanggal 2011-01-12. (Part II)
- --- (2013). "Arnold's Evolution". AIR FORCE Magazine. 96 (9). Diakses tanggal 11 September 2013.
Pranala luar
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Henry H. Arnold.
- NMUSAF fact sheet: Gen. Henry H. "Hap" Arnold
- General Henry H. Arnold (official USAF biography)
- General of the Air Force, Henry H. "Hap" Arnold Air University biography
- Templat:Early Aviators
- Film pendek Big Picture: The Hap Arnold Story tersedia untuk diunduh secara gratis di the Internet Archive [selebihnya]
- Arnold Air Society biography
- National Aviation Hall of Fame enshrinement page
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