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[[Pesawat ulang-alik]] adalah [[wahana antariksa]] bertujuan [[Orbit bumi rendah|orbit Bumi rendah]] yang dapat digunakan kembali sebagian dan dioperasikan oleh [[Badan Penerbangan dan Antariksa Amerika Serikat|Badan Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional AS]] (NASA). Nama resmi program ini adalah Space Transportation System (STS), diambil dari rencana tahun 1969 untuk sistem wahana antariksa yang dapat digunakan kembali.<ref name="intro-taskGroup">{{Cite web|url=http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/taskgrp.html|title=Report of the Space Task Group, 1969|publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]]|access-date=26 November 2014}}</ref> Pada misi operasionalnya, pesawat ulang-alik meluncurkan banyak [[satelit]], melakukan eksperimen sains di orbit, dan berpartisipasi dalam pembangunan dan perbaikan [[Stasiun Luar Angkasa Internasional]] (ISS). Empat penerbangan uji orbital pertama diluncurkan pada 1981 dan penerbangan operasionalnya dimulai pada 1982.
[[Pesawat ulang-alik]] adalah [[wahana antariksa]] bertujuan [[Orbit bumi rendah|orbit Bumi rendah]] yang dapat digunakan kembali sebagian dan dioperasikan oleh [[Badan Penerbangan dan Antariksa Amerika Serikat|Badan Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional AS]] (NASA). Nama resmi program ini adalah Space Transportation System (STS), diambil dari rencana tahun 1969 untuk sistem wahana antariksa yang dapat digunakan kembali.<ref name="intro-taskGroup">{{Cite web|url=http://www.hq.nasa.gov/office/pao/History/taskgrp.html|title=Report of the Space Task Group, 1969|publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]]|access-date=26 November 2014}}</ref> Pada misi operasionalnya, pesawat ulang-alik meluncurkan banyak [[satelit]], melakukan eksperimen sains di orbit, dan berpartisipasi dalam pembangunan dan perbaikan [[Stasiun Luar Angkasa Internasional]] (ISS). Empat penerbangan uji orbital pertama diluncurkan pada 1981 dan penerbangan operasionalnya dimulai pada 1982.


Pada tahun 1981 hingga 2011, total 135 misi diterbangkan, seluruhnya dari [[Pusat Luar Angkasa Kennedy|Kennedy Space Center]] (KSC) di Florida. Selama periode waktu itu armada pesawat ulang-alik mencatat 1.322 hari, 19 jam, 21 menit dan 23 detik waktu penerbangan.<ref name="intro-ShuttleByNumbers">{{Cite web|url=http://www.space.com/12376-nasa-space-shuttle-program-facts-statistics.html|title=NASA's Space Shuttle By the Numbers: 30 Years of a Spaceflight Icon|last=Malik, Tarik|date=21 July 2011|publisher=[[Space.com]]|access-date=18 June 2014}}</ref> Penerbangan orbital terpanjang pada program ini adalah misi STS-80 dengan durasi 17 hari 15 jam, sedangkan penerbangan terpendek adalah [[STS-51-L]] dengan durasi satu menit 13 detik ketika Space Shuttle ''[[Pesawat ulang-alik Challenger|Challenger]]'' mengalami disintegrasi saat peluncuran. Pesawat ulang-alik berlabuh dengan stasiun luar angkasa Rusia ''[[Mir]]'' sembilan kali dan mengunjungi ISS tiga puluh tujuh kali. Ketinggian (apogee) tertinggi yang dicapai oleh pesawat ulang-alik adalah 350 mil (560 km) saat misi perbaikan [[Teleskop luar angkasa Hubble|Teleskop Luar Angkasa Hubble]].<ref name="intro-forbes">{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/carolpinchefsky/2012/04/18/5-horrifying-facts-you-didnt-know-about-the-space-shuttle/2/|title=5 Horrifying Facts You Didn't Know About the Space Shuttle|last=Pinchefsky, Carol|date=18 April 2012|website=[[Forbes]]|access-date=6 January 2015}}</ref> Program ini menerbangkan total 355 orang yang mewakili 16 negara.<ref name="intro-nasafacts">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/566250main_2011.07.05%20SHUTTLE%20ERA%20FACTS.pdf|title=Space Shuttle Era Facts|year=2011|publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]]|id=FS-2011-7-142-KSC|access-date=6 January 2015}}</ref> Kennedy Space Center menjadi sebagai tempat pendaratan untuk 78 misi, sementara 54 misi mendarat di [[Pangkalan Angkatan Udara Edwards]] di [[California]] dan satu misi mendarat di White Sands, [[New Mexico]].<ref name="intro-launch">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/launch/|title=Space Shuttle Launch and Landing|last=Ryba, Jeanne|last2=Brian Dunbar|date=11 September 2012|publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]]|access-date=6 January 2015}}</ref>
Pada tahun 1981 hingga 2011, total 135 misi diterbangkan, seluruhnya dari [[Pusat Luar Angkasa Kennedy|Kennedy Space Center]] (KSC) di Florida. Selama periode waktu itu armada pesawat ulang-alik mencatat 1.322 hari, 19 jam, 21 menit dan 23 detik waktu penerbangan.<ref name="intro-ShuttleByNumbers">{{Cite web|url=http://www.space.com/12376-nasa-space-shuttle-program-facts-statistics.html|title=NASA's Space Shuttle By the Numbers: 30 Years of a Spaceflight Icon|last=Malik, Tarik|date=21 Juli 2011|publisher=[[Space.com]]|access-date=18 Juni 2014}}</ref> Penerbangan orbital terpanjang pada program ini adalah misi STS-80 dengan durasi 17 hari 15 jam, sedangkan penerbangan terpendek adalah [[STS-51-L]] ketika Pesawat Ulang-Alik ''[[Pesawat ulang-alik Challenger|Challenger]]'' mengalami disintegrasi satu menit 13 detik setelah peluncuran. Pesawat ulang-alik berlabuh dengan stasiun luar angkasa Rusia ''[[Mir]]'' sembilan kali dan mengunjungi ISS tiga puluh tujuh kali. Ketinggian (apogee) tertinggi yang dicapai oleh pesawat ulang-alik adalah 350 mil (560 km) saat melakukan misi perbaikan [[Teleskop luar angkasa Hubble|Teleskop Luar Angkasa Hubble]].<ref name="intro-forbes">{{Cite web|url=https://www.forbes.com/sites/carolpinchefsky/2012/04/18/5-horrifying-facts-you-didnt-know-about-the-space-shuttle/2/|title=5 Horrifying Facts You Didn't Know About the Space Shuttle|last=Pinchefsky, Carol|date=18 April 2012|website=[[Forbes]]|access-date=6 Januari 2015}}</ref> Program ini menerbangkan total 355 orang yang mewakili 16 negara.<ref name="intro-nasafacts">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/566250main_2011.07.05%20SHUTTLE%20ERA%20FACTS.pdf|title=Space Shuttle Era Facts|year=2011|publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]]|id=FS-2011-7-142-KSC|access-date=6 Januari 2015}}</ref> Kennedy Space Center menjadi tempat pendaratan untuk 78 misi, sementara 54 misi mendarat di [[Pangkalan Angkatan Udara Edwards]] di [[California]], dan satu misi mendarat di White Sands, [[New Mexico]].<ref name="intro-launch">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/launch/|title=Space Shuttle Launch and Landing|last=Ryba, Jeanne|last2=Brian Dunbar|date=11 September 2012|publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]]|access-date=6 Januari 2015}}</ref>


Pengorbit pertama yang dibuat, ''[[Pesawat ulang-alik Enterprise|Enterprise]]'', digunakan sebagai kendaraan uji penerbangan atmosfer. Pengorbit tersebut sempat direncanakan untuk diperbaharui menjadi kendaraan orbital, namun batal. Empat pengorbit operasional penuh pertama yang dibangun adalah ''[[Pesawat ulang-alik Columbia|Columbia]]'', ''Challenger'', ''[[Pesawat ulang-alik Discovery|Discovery]]'', dan ''[[Pesawat ulang-alik Atlantis|Atlantis]]''. ''Challenger'' dan ''Columbia'' hancur dalam kecelakaan misi pada tahun 1986 dan 2003, menewaskan total empat belas astronaut. Pengorbit operasional kelima, ''[[Pesawat ulang-alik Endeavour|Endeavour]]'', dibangun pada tahun 1991 untuk menggantikan ''Challenger''. Pesawat ulang-alik pensiun dari layanan setelah berakhirnya misi [[STS-135]] oleh ''Atlantis'' pada 21 Juli 2011.{{Sfn|Jenkins|p=524}}
Pengorbit pertama yang dibuat, ''[[Pesawat ulang-alik Enterprise|Enterprise]]'', digunakan sebagai kendaraan uji penerbangan atmosfer. Pengorbit tersebut sempat direncanakan untuk diperbaharui menjadi kendaraan orbital, namun batal. Empat pengorbit operasional penuh pertama yang dibangun adalah ''[[Pesawat ulang-alik Columbia|Columbia]]'', ''Challenger'', ''[[Pesawat ulang-alik Discovery|Discovery]]'', dan ''[[Pesawat ulang-alik Atlantis|Atlantis]]''. ''Challenger'' dan ''Columbia'' hancur dalam kecelakaan misi pada tahun 1986 dan 2003, menewaskan total empat belas astronaut. Pengorbit operasional kelima, ''[[Pesawat ulang-alik Endeavour|Endeavour]]'', dibangun pada tahun 1991 untuk menggantikan ''Challenger''. Pesawat ulang-alik pensiun dari layanan setelah berakhirnya misi [[STS-135]] oleh ''Atlantis'' pada 21 Juli 2011.{{Sfn|Jenkins|p=524}}
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== Penomoran misi ==
== Penomoran misi ==
[[Berkas:Shuttle_profiles.jpg|jmpl|325x325px| Profil kelima pengorbit saat peluncuran. ]]
[[Berkas:Shuttle_profiles.jpg|jmpl|325x325px| Profil kelima pengorbit saat peluncuran. ]]
[[Program pesawat ulang-alik|Program Pesawat Ulang-Alik]] AS secara resmi disebut sebagai Space Transport System (STS). Karenanya, misi ulang-alik ditetapkan dengan awalan "STS".<ref name="intro-ShuttleByNumbers">{{Cite web|url=http://www.space.com/12376-nasa-space-shuttle-program-facts-statistics.html|title=NASA's Space Shuttle By the Numbers: 30 Years of a Spaceflight Icon|last=Malik, Tarik|date=21 July 2011|publisher=[[Space.com]]|access-date=18 June 2014}}</ref> Awalnya, peluncuran diberi nomor urut yang menunjukkan urutan peluncuran, seperti STS-7. Sehubungan dengan kecelakaan [[Apollo 13]], [[Triskaidekafobia|triskaidekaphobia]] yang dialami oleh Administrator NASA, James M. Beggs dan keengganan untuk menomori penerbangan yang akan datang sebagai STS-13<ref name="numbering-crippenoh">{{Cite web|url=http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/CrippenRL/CrippenRL_5-26-06.pdf|title=Robert L. Crippen|date=26 May 2006|website=NASA Johnson Space Center Oral History Project|publisher=[[Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303183030/http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/CrippenRL/CrippenRL_5-26-06.pdf|archive-date=3 March 2016|access-date=4 August 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="numbering-hartoh">{{Cite web|url=http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/HartTJ/HartTJ_4-10-03.pdf|title=Terry J. Hart|date=10 April 2003|website=NASA Johnson Space Center Oral History Project|publisher=[[Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303190102/http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/HartTJ/HartTJ_4-10-03.pdf|archive-date=3 March 2016|access-date=4 August 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="numbering-weitzoh">{{Cite web|url=http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/WeitzPJ/PJW_3-26-00.pdf|title=Paul J. Weitz|date=26 March 2000|website=NASA Johnson Space Center Oral History Project|publisher=[[Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160311223529/http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/WeitzPJ/PJW_3-26-00.pdf|archive-date=11 March 2016|access-date=4 August 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="numbering-vanhoftenoh">{{Cite web|url=http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/vanHoftenJD/vanHoftenJDA_12-5-07.pdf|title=James D. A. van Hoften|date=5 December 2007|website=NASA Johnson Space Center Oral History Project|publisher=[[Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303165929/http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/vanHoftenJD/vanHoftenJDA_12-5-07.pdf|archive-date=2016-03-03|access-date=2009-08-14|url-status=dead}}</ref> menyebabkan semua misi yang dimulai pada tahun 1984 diberi kode, seperti STS-41-B, dengan:
[[Program pesawat ulang-alik|Program Pesawat Ulang-Alik]] AS secara resmi disebut sebagai Space Transport System (STS). Karenanya, penamaan misi ulang-alik ditetapkan dengan awalan "STS".<ref name="intro-ShuttleByNumbers">{{Cite web|url=http://www.space.com/12376-nasa-space-shuttle-program-facts-statistics.html|title=NASA's Space Shuttle By the Numbers: 30 Years of a Spaceflight Icon|last=Malik, Tarik|date=21 Juli 2011|publisher=[[Space.com]]|access-date=18 Juni 2014}}</ref> Awalnya, peluncuran diberi nomor urut yang menunjukkan urutan peluncuran, seperti STS-7. Sehubungan dengan kecelakaan [[Apollo 13]], [[Triskaidekafobia|triskaidekaphobia]] yang dialami oleh Administrator NASA, James M. Beggs dan keengganan untuk menomori penerbangan yang akan datang sebagai STS-13<ref name="numbering-crippenoh">{{Cite web|url=http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/CrippenRL/CrippenRL_5-26-06.pdf|title=Robert L. Crippen|date=26 Mei 2006|website=NASA Johnson Space Center Oral History Project|publisher=[[Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303183030/http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/CrippenRL/CrippenRL_5-26-06.pdf|archive-date=3 Maret 2016|access-date=4 Agustus 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="numbering-hartoh">{{Cite web|url=http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/HartTJ/HartTJ_4-10-03.pdf|title=Terry J. Hart|date=10 April 2003|website=NASA Johnson Space Center Oral History Project|publisher=[[Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303190102/http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/HartTJ/HartTJ_4-10-03.pdf|archive-date=3 Maret 2016|access-date=4 Agustus 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="numbering-weitzoh">{{Cite web|url=http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/WeitzPJ/PJW_3-26-00.pdf|title=Paul J. Weitz|date=26 Maret 2000|website=NASA Johnson Space Center Oral History Project|publisher=[[Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160311223529/http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/WeitzPJ/PJW_3-26-00.pdf|archive-date=11 Maret 2016|access-date=4 Agustus 2009|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref name="numbering-vanhoftenoh">{{Cite web|url=http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/vanHoftenJD/vanHoftenJDA_12-5-07.pdf|title=James D. A. van Hoften|date=5 Desember 2007|website=NASA Johnson Space Center Oral History Project|publisher=[[Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160303165929/http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/history/oral_histories/vanHoftenJD/vanHoftenJDA_12-5-07.pdf|archive-date=2016-03-03|access-date=2009-08-14|url-status=dead}}</ref> menyebabkan semua misi yang dimulai pada tahun 1984 diberi kode, seperti STS-41-B, dengan:


* digit pertama (atau sepasang digit untuk tahun 1990 dan seterusnya) menunjukkan [[tahun fiskal]] (FY) federal pendanaan program (contohnya 41-B dijadwalkan untuk Tahun Fiskal 1984, 51-A hingga 51-L awalnya untuk FY 1985, dan peluncuran ketiga pada FY 1995 akan dinamai 151-C),
* digit pertama (atau sepasang digit untuk tahun 1990 dan seterusnya) menunjukkan [[tahun fiskal]] (FY) federal pendanaan program (contohnya 41-B dijadwalkan untuk Tahun Fiskal 1984, 51-A hingga 51-L awalnya untuk FY 1985, dan peluncuran ketiga pada FY 1995 akan dinamai 151-C),
* digit kedua menunjukkan situs peluncuran (1 untuk [[Pusat Luar Angkasa Kennedy|Kennedy Space Center]] dan 2 untuk Space Launch Complex (SLC) 6 di Pangkalan Angkatan Udara Vandenberg, meskipun Vandenberg pada akhirnya tidak pernah digunakan), dan
* digit kedua menunjukkan situs peluncuran (1 untuk [[Pusat Luar Angkasa Kennedy|Kennedy Space Center]] dan 2 untuk Space Launch Complex (SLC) 6 di Pangkalan Angkatan Udara Vandenberg, meskipun Vandenberg pada akhirnya tidak pernah digunakan), dan
* huruf di akhir menunjukkan urutan peluncuran.<ref name="numbering-spacefacts">{{Cite web|url=http://www.space.com/12127-8-surprising-space-shuttle-facts.html|title=8 Surprising Space Shuttle Facts|last=Norton, Lily|date=30 June 2011|publisher=[[Space.com]]|access-date=15 December 2012}}</ref>
* huruf di akhir menunjukkan urutan peluncuran.<ref name="numbering-spacefacts">{{Cite web|url=http://www.space.com/12127-8-surprising-space-shuttle-facts.html|title=8 Surprising Space Shuttle Facts|last=Norton, Lily|date=30 Juni 2011|publisher=[[Space.com]]|access-date=15 Desember 2012}}</ref>


Kode-kode ini diberikan ketika peluncuran pertama kali dijadwalkan dan tidak berubah meskipun misi ditunda atau dijadwalkan ulang.{{Sfn|Jenkins|p=524}} Kode-kode tersebut diadopsi untuk STS-41-B hingga STS-51-L (walaupun kode tertinggi yang digunakan sebenarnya adalah STS-61-C ) dengan nomor urut asli tetap digunakan secara internal di NASA pada semua dokumen.
Kode-kode ini diberikan ketika peluncuran pertama kali dijadwalkan dan tidak berubah meskipun misi ditunda atau dijadwalkan ulang.{{Sfn|Jenkins|p=524}} Kode-kode tersebut diadopsi untuk STS-41-B hingga STS-51-L (walaupun kode tertinggi yang digunakan sebenarnya adalah STS-61-C ) dengan nomor urut asli tetap digunakan secara internal di NASA pada semua dokumen.
Baris 46: Baris 46:
* Penerbangan bebas pertama
* Penerbangan bebas pertama
* Penerbangan non-captive pertama[[Pesawat ulang-alik Enterprise|''Enterprise'']]
* Penerbangan non-captive pertama[[Pesawat ulang-alik Enterprise|''Enterprise'']]
| {{Sfn|Heppenheimer|p=123}}<ref name="ALT-ksc">{{Cite web|url=http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/resources/orbiters/enterprise.html|title=Enterprise(OV-101)|last=Dumoulin, Jim|publisher=[[Kennedy Space Center]]|access-date=28 January 2013}}</ref>{{Sfn|Goodwin|p=32}}<ref name="ALT-space.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.space.com/17983-space-shuttle-enterprise.html|title=Enterprise: The Test Shuttle|last=Howell, Elizabeth|date=9 October 2012|publisher=[[Space.com]]|access-date=28 January 2013}}</ref>
| {{Sfn|Heppenheimer|p=123}}<ref name="ALT-ksc">{{Cite web|url=http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/resources/orbiters/enterprise.html|title=Enterprise(OV-101)|last=Dumoulin, Jim|publisher=[[Kennedy Space Center]]|access-date=28 Januari 2013}}</ref>{{Sfn|Goodwin|p=32}}<ref name="ALT-space.com">{{Cite web|url=http://www.space.com/17983-space-shuttle-enterprise.html|title=Enterprise: The Test Shuttle|last=Howell, Elizabeth|date=9 Oktober 2012|publisher=[[Space.com]]|access-date=28 Januari 2013}}</ref>
|-
|-
! scope="row" | 2
! scope="row" | 2
Baris 105: Baris 105:
! scope="col" | Durasi
! scope="col" | Durasi
! scope="col" | Landasan peluncuran
! scope="col" | Landasan peluncuran
! scope="col" | Situs pendaratan
! scope="col" | Tempat pendaratan
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Catatan
! scope="col" class="unsortable" |Catatan
! scope="col" width="60" class="unsortable" |Referensi
! scope="col" width="60" class="unsortable" |Referensi
Baris 114: Baris 114:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 2
| 2
| 02 hari 06h
| 02 hari 06 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 127: Baris 127:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 2
| 2
| 02 hari 06h
| 02 hari 06 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 141: Baris 141:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 2
| 2
| 08 hari 00h
| 08 hari 00 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[White Sands Missile Range|White&nbsp;Sands]]
| [[White Sands Test Facility|White&nbsp;Sands]]
|
|
* Misi pengembangan pesawat ulang-alik
* Misi pengembangan pesawat ulang-alik
* Pendaratan pertama dan satu-satunya di [[White Sands, New Mexico|White Sands]], [[New Mexico]] pada misi orbital pesawat ulang-alik
* Pendaratan pertama dan satu-satunya di [[White Sands, New Mexico|White Sands]], [[New Mexico]] pada misi orbital pesawat ulang-alik
| {{sfn|Chen|p=13}}{{sfn|Goodwin|pp=267–344}}<ref name="sts3-NewYorkTimes">{{cite news |title=Space Shuttle Landing Site Is Shifted Because of Rains |author=Wilford, John Noble |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=18 March 1982 |id={{ProQuest|121923320}} }}</ref>
| {{sfn|Chen|p=13}}{{sfn|Goodwin|pp=267–344}}<ref name="sts3-NewYorkTimes">{{cite news |title=Space Shuttle Landing Site Is Shifted Because of Rains |author=Wilford, John Noble |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=18 Maret 1982 |id={{ProQuest|121923320}} }}</ref>
|-
|-
!scope=row| 4
!scope=row| 4
Baris 154: Baris 154:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 2
| 2
| 07 hari 01h
| 07 hari 01 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 160: Baris 160:
* Misi pengembangan terakhir pesawat ulang-alik
* Misi pengembangan terakhir pesawat ulang-alik
* Peluncuran muatan[[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] (DoD) untuk pertama kalinya
* Peluncuran muatan[[United States Department of Defense|Department of Defense]] (DoD) untuk pertama kalinya
| {{sfn|Goodwin|pp=348–409}}<ref name="sts-dod">{{cite journal |last1=Cassutt |first1=Michael |date=August 2009 |title=Secret Space Shuttles |journal=[[Air & Space/Smithsonian|Air and Space Magazine]] |volume= |issue= |pages= |publisher=[[Smithsonian Institution]] |doi= |url=http://www.airspacemag.com/space-exploration/Secret-Space-Shuttles.html?c=y&page=1 |accessdate=11 December 2012}}</ref><ref name="sts4-nasa">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-4.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-4 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=15}}
| {{sfn|Goodwin|pp=348–409}}<ref name="sts-dod">{{cite journal |last1=Cassutt |first1=Michael |date=Agustus 2009 |title=Secret Space Shuttles |journal=[[Air & Space/Smithsonian|Air and Space Magazine]] |volume= |issue= |pages= |publisher=[[Smithsonian Institution]] |doi= |url=http://www.airspacemag.com/space-exploration/Secret-Space-Shuttles.html?c=y&page=1 |accessdate=11 Desember 2012}}</ref><ref name="sts4-nasa">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-4.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-4 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=15}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 5
!scope=row| 5
Baris 167: Baris 167:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 4
| 4
| 05 hari 02h
| 05 hari 02 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 173: Baris 173:
* Peluncuran beberapa [[satelit komunikasi]]
* Peluncuran beberapa [[satelit komunikasi]]
* Rencana [[extravehicular activity]] pertama dalam Program Pesawat Ulang-Alik, namun batal karena ditemukannya masalah pada pakaian luar angkasa
* Rencana [[extravehicular activity]] pertama dalam Program Pesawat Ulang-Alik, namun batal karena ditemukannya masalah pada pakaian luar angkasa
| {{sfn|Goodwin|pp=412–463}}{{sfn|Duggins|p=65}}<ref name="sts5-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-5.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-5 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=17}}
| {{sfn|Goodwin|pp=412–463}}{{sfn|Duggins|p=65}}<ref name="sts5-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-5.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-5 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=17}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 6
!scope=row| 6
Baris 180: Baris 180:
| [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]
| 4
| 4
| 05 hari 00h
| 05 hari 00 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 187: Baris 187:
* Penerbangan pertama [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]
* Penerbangan pertama [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]
*[[Extravehicular activity]] pertama dalam Program Pesawat Ulang-Alik
*[[Extravehicular activity]] pertama dalam Program Pesawat Ulang-Alik
| <ref name="sts6-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-6.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-6 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=19}}
| <ref name="sts6-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-6.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-6 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=19}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 7
!scope=row| 7
Baris 194: Baris 194:
| [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]
| 5
| 5
| 06 hari 02h
| 06 hari 02 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 201: Baris 201:
* Peluncuran beberapa [[satelit komunikasi]]
* Peluncuran beberapa [[satelit komunikasi]]
* Peluncuran dan pengambilan kembali Shuttle Pallet Satellite
* Peluncuran dan pengambilan kembali Shuttle Pallet Satellite
| <ref name="sts7-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-7.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-7 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=21}}
| <ref name="sts7-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-7.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-7 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=21}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 8
!scope=row| 8
Baris 208: Baris 208:
| [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]
| 5
| 5
| 06 hari 01h
| 06 hari 01 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
|
|
* Peluncuran [[satelit komunikasi]]
* [[communications satellite|Comsat]] deployment
* First flight of an African American in space, [[Guion Bluford]]
* Penerbangan pertama untuk seorang berdarah Afrika-Amerika, [[Guion Bluford]]
* Uji coba lengan robotik dengan muatan uji
* Test of robot arm on heavy payloads with Payload Flight Test Article
* Pendaratan malam pertama untuk pesawat ulang-alik
* First night landing
| <ref name="sts8-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-8.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-8 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=23}}
| <ref name="sts8-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-8.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-8 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=23}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 9
!scope=row| 9
Baris 223: Baris 223:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 6
| 6
| 10 hari 07h
| 10 hari 07 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 229: Baris 229:
* First [[Spacelab]] mission
* First [[Spacelab]] mission
* Flight of [[Ulf Merbold]] (first [[European Space Agency]] Astronaut on a shuttle mission)
* Flight of [[Ulf Merbold]] (first [[European Space Agency]] Astronaut on a shuttle mission)
| <ref name="sts9-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-9.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-9 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=25}}
| <ref name="sts9-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-9.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-9 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=25}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 10
!scope=row| 10
Baris 236: Baris 236:
| [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]
| 5
| 5
| 07 hari 23h
| 07 hari 23 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 244: Baris 244:
* First landing at [[Kennedy Space Center]]
* First landing at [[Kennedy Space Center]]
* Dry run of equipment for [[Solar Maximum Mission]] rescue
* Dry run of equipment for [[Solar Maximum Mission]] rescue
| <ref name="sts41b-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-41B.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-41B |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=27}}
| <ref name="sts41b-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-41B.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-41B |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=27}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 11
!scope=row| 11
Baris 251: Baris 251:
| [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]
| 5
| 5
| 06 hari 23h
| 06 hari 23 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 257: Baris 257:
* [[SolarMax|Solar Maximum Mission]] servicing (first satellite rescue by astronauts)
* [[SolarMax|Solar Maximum Mission]] servicing (first satellite rescue by astronauts)
* [[Long Duration Exposure Facility]] deployment
* [[Long Duration Exposure Facility]] deployment
| <ref name="sts6-NewYorkTimes">{{cite news |title=Space Shuttle Poised For First Service Call On Satellite in Orbit |author=Wilford, John Noble |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=5 April 1984 |id={{ProQuest|122322581}} }}</ref><ref name="sts41c-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-41C.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-41C |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=29}}
| <ref name="sts6-NewYorkTimes">{{cite news |title=Space Shuttle Poised For First Service Call On Satellite in Orbit |author=Wilford, John Noble |newspaper=[[The New York Times]] |date=5 April 1984 |id={{ProQuest|122322581}} }}</ref><ref name="sts41c-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-41C.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-41C |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=29}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 12
!scope=row| 12
Baris 264: Baris 264:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 6
| 6
| 06 hari 00h
| 06 hari 00 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 271: Baris 271:
* First flight of [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
* First flight of [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
* Test of OAST-1 Solar Array
* Test of OAST-1 Solar Array
| <ref name="sts41d-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-41D.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-41D |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=31}}
| <ref name="sts41d-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-41D.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-41D |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=31}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 13
!scope=row| 13
Baris 278: Baris 278:
| [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]
| 7
| 7
| 08 hari 05h
| 08 hari 05 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 286: Baris 286:
* First spacewalk by American woman, Sullivan
* First spacewalk by American woman, Sullivan
* First Canadian in space, [[Marc Garneau]]
* First Canadian in space, [[Marc Garneau]]
| <ref name="sts41g-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-41G.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-41G |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=33}}
| <ref name="sts41g-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-41G.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-41G |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=33}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 14
!scope=row| 14
Baris 293: Baris 293:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 5
| 5
| 07 hari 23h
| 07 hari 23 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 299: Baris 299:
* Multiple [[communications satellite|comsat]] deployments
* Multiple [[communications satellite|comsat]] deployments
* Retrieval of two other comsats ([[Palapa]] B2 and [[Westar]] VI), which were subsequently refurbished on Earth and reflown
* Retrieval of two other comsats ([[Palapa]] B2 and [[Westar]] VI), which were subsequently refurbished on Earth and reflown
| <ref name="sts51a-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-51A.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-51A |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=35}}
| <ref name="sts51a-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-51A.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-51A |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=35}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 15
!scope=row| 15
Baris 306: Baris 306:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 5
| 5
| 03 hari 01h
| 03 hari 01 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 312: Baris 312:
* First [[classified information in the United States|classified]] Department of Defense (DoD) mission
* First [[classified information in the United States|classified]] Department of Defense (DoD) mission
* [[Magnum (satellite)|Magnum satellite]] deployment
* [[Magnum (satellite)|Magnum satellite]] deployment
| <ref name="sts-dod" /><ref name="sts51c-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-51C.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-51C |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=37}}
| <ref name="sts-dod" /><ref name="sts51c-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-51C.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-51C |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=37}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 16
!scope=row| 16
Baris 319: Baris 319:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 7
| 7
| 06 hari 23h
| 06 hari 23 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 326: Baris 326:
* First flight of a sitting politician in space, [[Jake Garn]]
* First flight of a sitting politician in space, [[Jake Garn]]
* First impromptu [[Extravehicular activity]] of program to fix [[Syncom|Syncom F3]] (Leasat 3)
* First impromptu [[Extravehicular activity]] of program to fix [[Syncom|Syncom F3]] (Leasat 3)
| <ref name="sts51d-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-51D.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-41G |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=39}}
| <ref name="sts51d-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-51D.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-41G |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=39}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 17
!scope=row| 17
Baris 333: Baris 333:
| [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]
| 7
| 7
| 07 hari 00h
| 07 hari 00 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 339: Baris 339:
* First mission with Spacelab module in a fully operational configuration
* First mission with Spacelab module in a fully operational configuration
* Conducted experiments in [[microgravity]]
* Conducted experiments in [[microgravity]]
| <ref name="sts51b-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-51B.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-51B |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=41}}
| <ref name="sts51b-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-51B.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-51B |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=41}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 18
!scope=row| 18
Baris 346: Baris 346:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 7
| 7
| 07 hari 01h
| 07 hari 01 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 352: Baris 352:
* Multiple [[communications satellite|comsat]] deployments
* Multiple [[communications satellite|comsat]] deployments
* Flight of first member of [[royal family|royalty]], [[Saudi people|Saudi]], [[Muslim]], and [[Arab]] in space, [[Sultan bin Salman Al Saud]]
* Flight of first member of [[royal family|royalty]], [[Saudi people|Saudi]], [[Muslim]], and [[Arab]] in space, [[Sultan bin Salman Al Saud]]
| <ref name="sts51g-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-51G.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-51G |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=43}}
| <ref name="sts51g-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-51G.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-51G |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=43}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 19
!scope=row| 19
Baris 359: Baris 359:
| [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]
| 7
| 7
| 07 hari 22h
| 07 hari 22 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 366: Baris 366:
* [[Space Shuttle abort modes#Abort to Orbit .28ATO.29|Abort to Orbit]]. Faulty temperature sensor incorrectly indicated that fuel turbine discharge temperature exceeded the limit. Therefore, one main engine was shut down at T+345 s, resulting in a much lower orbit than planned.
* [[Space Shuttle abort modes#Abort to Orbit .28ATO.29|Abort to Orbit]]. Faulty temperature sensor incorrectly indicated that fuel turbine discharge temperature exceeded the limit. Therefore, one main engine was shut down at T+345 s, resulting in a much lower orbit than planned.
* All mission objectives achieved
* All mission objectives achieved
| <ref name="sts51f-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-51F.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-51F |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=45}}
| <ref name="sts51f-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-51F.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-51F |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=45}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 20
!scope=row| 20
Baris 373: Baris 373:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 5
| 5
| 07 hari 02h
| 07 hari 02 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 379: Baris 379:
* Multiple [[communications satellite|comsat]] deployments
* Multiple [[communications satellite|comsat]] deployments
* Rescue of [[Syncom|Syncom F3]] (Leasat-3)
* Rescue of [[Syncom|Syncom F3]] (Leasat-3)
| <ref name="sts51i-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-51I.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-51I |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=47}}
| <ref name="sts51i-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-51I.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-51I |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=47}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 21
!scope=row| 21
Baris 386: Baris 386:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 5
| 5
| 04 hari 01h
| 04 hari 01 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 393: Baris 393:
* [[Defense Satellite Communications System]] satellite deployment
* [[Defense Satellite Communications System]] satellite deployment
* First flight of [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
* First flight of [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| <ref name="sts-dod" /><ref name="sts51j-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-51J.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-51J |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=49}}
| <ref name="sts-dod" /><ref name="sts51j-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-51J.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-51J |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=49}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 22
!scope=row| 22
Baris 400: Baris 400:
| [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]
| 8
| 8
| 07 hari 00h
| 07 hari 00 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 410: Baris 410:
* Last successful mission of [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]
* Last successful mission of [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]
* First Dutchman in space, [[Wubbo Ockels]]
* First Dutchman in space, [[Wubbo Ockels]]
| <ref name="sts61a-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-61A.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-61A |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=51}}
| <ref name="sts61a-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-61A.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-61A |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=51}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 23
!scope=row| 23
Baris 417: Baris 417:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 7
| 7
| 06 hari 21h
| 06 hari 21 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 424: Baris 424:
* [[EASE/ACCESS]] experiment
* [[EASE/ACCESS]] experiment
* First Mexican in space, [[Rodolfo Neri Vela]]
* First Mexican in space, [[Rodolfo Neri Vela]]
| <ref name="sts61b-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-61B.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-61B |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=53}}
| <ref name="sts61b-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-61B.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-61B |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=53}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 24
!scope=row| 24
Baris 431: Baris 431:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 7
| 7
| 06 hari 02h
| 06 hari 02 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 438: Baris 438:
* Flight of US Representative [[Bill Nelson]]
* Flight of US Representative [[Bill Nelson]]
* Last successful mission before [[STS-51-L]]
* Last successful mission before [[STS-51-L]]
| <ref name="sts61c-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-61C.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-61C |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=55}}
| <ref name="sts61c-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-61C.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-61C |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=55}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 25
!scope=row| 25
Baris 445: Baris 445:
| [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']]
| 7
| 7
| 00 hari 00h 01m 13s
| 00 hari 00 jam 01 menit 13 detik
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| {{nowrap|Did not land <ref group=lower-alpha name=sts-loss-landingsite>This shuttle was intended to land at [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]].</ref>}}
| {{nowrap|Did not land <ref group=lower-alpha name=sts-loss-landingsite>This shuttle was intended to land at [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]].</ref>}}
Baris 452: Baris 452:
* Teacher in space flight
* Teacher in space flight
* [[Space Shuttle Challenger disaster|SRB leak destroyed the orbiter and killed crew]]
* [[Space Shuttle Challenger disaster|SRB leak destroyed the orbiter and killed crew]]
| <ref name="sts51l-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-51L.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-51L |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=57}}
| <ref name="sts51l-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-51L.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-51L |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=57}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 26
!scope=row| 26
Baris 459: Baris 459:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 5
| 5
| 04 hari 01h
| 04 hari 01 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 465: Baris 465:
* Tracking and data relay satellite ([[TDRS-3|TDRS-C]]) deployment
* Tracking and data relay satellite ([[TDRS-3|TDRS-C]]) deployment
* First post-[[Space Shuttle Challenger disaster|''Challenger'']] flight
* First post-[[Space Shuttle Challenger disaster|''Challenger'']] flight
| <ref name="sts26-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-26.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-26 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=59}}
| <ref name="sts26-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-26.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-26 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=59}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 27
!scope=row| 27
Baris 472: Baris 472:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 5
| 5
| 04 hari 09h
| 04 hari 09 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 479: Baris 479:
* [[Lacrosse (satellite)|Lacrosse 1]] deployment
* [[Lacrosse (satellite)|Lacrosse 1]] deployment
*Heavy damage to the thermal protection system resulted in extreme heat damage to the right wing
*Heavy damage to the thermal protection system resulted in extreme heat damage to the right wing
| <ref name="sts-dod" /><ref name="sts27-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-27.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-27 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=61}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2009/03/31/shuttle-atlantis-almost-lost-in-1988/|title=Shuttle Atlantis almost lost in 1988|date=2009-03-31|website=Bad Astronomy|access-date=2019-03-12}}</ref>
| <ref name="sts-dod" /><ref name="sts27-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-27.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-27 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=61}}<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/badastronomy/2009/03/31/shuttle-atlantis-almost-lost-in-1988/|title=Shuttle Atlantis almost lost in 1988|date=2009-03-31|website=Bad Astronomy|access-date=2019-03-12}}</ref>
|-
|-
!scope=row| 28
!scope=row| 28
Baris 486: Baris 486:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 5
| 5
| 04 hari 23h
| 04 hari 23 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 493: Baris 493:
* [[IMAX]] camera
* [[IMAX]] camera
* Space Station Heat Pipe Advanced Radiator Element I space station radiator experiment
* Space Station Heat Pipe Advanced Radiator Element I space station radiator experiment
| <ref name="sts29-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-29.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-29 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=63}}
| <ref name="sts29-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-29.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-29 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=63}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 29
!scope=row| 29
Baris 500: Baris 500:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 5
| 5
| 04 hari 00h
| 04 hari 00 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
|
|
* [[Magellan (spacecraft)|Magellan]] Venus probe deployment
* [[Magellan (spacecraft)|Magellan]] Venus probe deployment
| <ref name="sts30-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-30.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-30 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=65}}
| <ref name="sts30-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-30.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-30 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=65}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 30
!scope=row| 30
Baris 512: Baris 512:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 5
| 5
| 05 hari 01h
| 05 hari 01 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 518: Baris 518:
* Fourth classified [[United States Department of Defense|DoD]] mission
* Fourth classified [[United States Department of Defense|DoD]] mission
* [[Satellite Data System]] deployment
* [[Satellite Data System]] deployment
| <ref name="sts-dod" /><ref name="sts28-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-28.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-28 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=67}}
| <ref name="sts-dod" /><ref name="sts28-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-28.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-28 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=67}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 31
!scope=row| 31
Baris 525: Baris 525:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 5
| 5
| 04 hari 23h
| 04 hari 23 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 531: Baris 531:
* [[Galileo (spacecraft)|Galileo]] Jupiter probe deployment
* [[Galileo (spacecraft)|Galileo]] Jupiter probe deployment
* [[IMAX]] camera
* [[IMAX]] camera
| <ref name="sts34-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-34.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-34 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=69}}
| <ref name="sts34-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-34.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-34 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=69}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 32
!scope=row| 32
Baris 538: Baris 538:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 5
| 5
| 05 hari 00h
| 05 hari 00 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 544: Baris 544:
* Fifth classified [[United States Department of Defense|DoD]] mission
* Fifth classified [[United States Department of Defense|DoD]] mission
* Deployment of [[Magnum (satellite)|Magnum]]
* Deployment of [[Magnum (satellite)|Magnum]]
| <ref name="sts-dod" /><ref name="sts33-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-33.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-33 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=71}}
| <ref name="sts-dod" /><ref name="sts33-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-33.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-33 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=71}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 33
!scope=row| 33
Baris 551: Baris 551:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 5
| 5
| 10 hari 21h
| 10 hari 21 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 558: Baris 558:
* [[Long Duration Exposure Facility]] retrieval
* [[Long Duration Exposure Facility]] retrieval
* [[IMAX]] camera
* [[IMAX]] camera
| <ref name="sts32-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-32.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-32 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=73}}
| <ref name="sts32-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-32.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-32 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=73}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 34
!scope=row| 34
Baris 565: Baris 565:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 5
| 5
| 04 hari 10h
| 04 hari 10 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 571: Baris 571:
* Sixth classified [[United States Department of Defense|DoD]] mission
* Sixth classified [[United States Department of Defense|DoD]] mission
* [[Misty (satellite)|Misty]] [[reconnaissance satellite]] deployment
* [[Misty (satellite)|Misty]] [[reconnaissance satellite]] deployment
| <ref name="sts-dod" /><ref name="sts36-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-36.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-36 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=75}}
| <ref name="sts-dod" /><ref name="sts36-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-36.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-36 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=75}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 35
!scope=row| 35
Baris 578: Baris 578:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 5
| 5
| 05 hari 01h
| 05 hari 01 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
|
|
* [[Hubble Space Telescope]] deployment
* [[Hubble Space Telescope]] deployment
| <ref name="sts31-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-31.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-31 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=77}}
| <ref name="sts31-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-31.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-31 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=77}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 36
!scope=row| 36
Baris 590: Baris 590:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 5
| 5
| 04 hari 02h
| 04 hari 02 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
|
|
* [[Ulysses (spacecraft)|Ulysses/Inertial Upper Stage]] solar probe deployment
* [[Ulysses (spacecraft)|Ulysses/Inertial Upper Stage]] solar probe deployment
| <ref name="sts41-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-41.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-41 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=79}}
| <ref name="sts41-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-41.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-41 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=79}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 37
!scope=row| 37
Baris 602: Baris 602:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 5
| 5
| 04 hari 21h
| 04 hari 21 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 608: Baris 608:
* Seventh classified [[United States Department of Defense|DoD]] mission
* Seventh classified [[United States Department of Defense|DoD]] mission
* Likely [[Satellite Data System|SDS2-2]] deployed
* Likely [[Satellite Data System|SDS2-2]] deployed
| <ref name="sts-dod" /><ref name="sts38-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-38.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-38 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=81}}
| <ref name="sts-dod" /><ref name="sts38-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-38.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-38 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=81}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 38
!scope=row| 38
Baris 615: Baris 615:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 7
| 7
| 08 hari 23h
| 08 hari 23 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
|
|
* Use of ASTRO-1 observatory
* Use of ASTRO-1 observatory
| <ref name="sts35-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-35.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-35 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=83}}
| <ref name="sts35-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-35.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-35 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=83}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 39
!scope=row| 39
Baris 627: Baris 627:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 5
| 5
| 05 hari 23h
| 05 hari 23 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
|
|
* [[Compton Gamma Ray Observatory]] deployment and EVA repair
* [[Compton Gamma Ray Observatory]] deployment and EVA repair
| <ref name="sts37-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-37.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-37 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=85}}
| <ref name="sts37-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-37.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-37 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=85}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 40
!scope=row| 40
Baris 639: Baris 639:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 7
| 7
| 08 hari 07h
| 08 hari 07 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 645: Baris 645:
* First unclassified [[United States Department of Defense|DoD]] mission
* First unclassified [[United States Department of Defense|DoD]] mission
* Military science experiments
* Military science experiments
| <ref name="sts-dod" /><ref name="sts39-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-39.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-39 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=87}}
| <ref name="sts-dod" /><ref name="sts39-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-39.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-39 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=16 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=87}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 41
!scope=row| 41
Baris 652: Baris 652:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 7
| 7
| 09 hari 02h
| 09 hari 02 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
|
|
* [[Spacelab]] mission
* [[Spacelab]] mission
| <ref name="sts40-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-40.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-40 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=18 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=89}}
| <ref name="sts40-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-40.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-40 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=18 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=89}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 42
!scope=row| 42
Baris 664: Baris 664:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 5
| 5
| 08 hari 21h
| 08 hari 21 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Tracking and data relay satellite ([[TDRS-5|TDRS-E]]) deployment
* Tracking and data relay satellite ([[TDRS-5|TDRS-E]]) deployment
| <ref name="sts43-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-43.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-43 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=18 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=91}}
| <ref name="sts43-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-43.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-43 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=18 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=91}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 43
!scope=row| 43
Baris 676: Baris 676:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 5
| 5
| 05 hari 08h
| 05 hari 08 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
|
|
* [[Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite]] deployment
* [[Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite]] deployment
| <ref name="sts48-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-48.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-48 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=18 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=93}}
| <ref name="sts48-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-48.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-48 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=18 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=93}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 44
!scope=row| 44
Baris 688: Baris 688:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 6
| 6
| 06 hari 22h
| 06 hari 22 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
|
|
* [[Defense Support Program|DSP satellite]] deployment
* Peluncuran [[Defense Support Program|DSP satellite]]
| <ref name="sts44-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-44.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-44 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=18 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=95}}
| <ref name="sts44-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-44.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-44 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=18 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=95}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 45
!scope=row| 45
Baris 700: Baris 700:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 7
| 7
| 08 hari 01h
| 08 hari 01 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
|
|
* [[Spacelab]] mission
* Misi [[Spacelab]]
| <ref name="sts42-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-42.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-42 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=18 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=97}}
| <ref name="sts42-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-42.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-42 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=18 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=97}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 46
!scope=row| 46
Baris 712: Baris 712:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 7
| 7
| 08 hari 22h
| 08 hari 22 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* ATLAS-1 science platform
* Platform sains ATLAS-1
| <ref name="sts45-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-45.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-45 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=18 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=99}}
| <ref name="sts45-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-45.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-45 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=18 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=99}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 47
!scope=row| 47
Baris 724: Baris 724:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 7
| 7
| 08 hari 21h
| 08 hari 21 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
|
|
* [[Intelsat|Intelsat VI]] hand-retrieval and repair
* Penangkapan [[Intelsat|Intelsat VI]] dengan tangan dan perbaikan satelit tersebut
* First flight of [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
* Penerbangan pertama [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
* First 3 person [[Extravehicular activity]]
*[[Extravehicular activity]] pertama yang dilakukan oleh 3 orang
* Assembly of Station by EVA Methods (ASEM) space station truss experiment EVA
* Eksperimen pembangunan stasiun luar angkasa dengan metode EVA Methods (ASEM)
⚫
| <ref name="sts49-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-49.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-49 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=18 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=101}}
* Record four EVAs total for mission
⚫
| <ref name="sts49-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-49.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-49 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=18 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=101}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 48
!scope=row| 48
Baris 740: Baris 739:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 7
| 7
| 13 hari 19h
| 13 hari 19 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* [[Spacelab]] mission
* Misi [[Spacelab]]
| <ref name="sts50-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-50.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-50 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=18 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=103}}
| <ref name="sts50-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-50.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-50 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=18 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=103}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 49
!scope=row| 49
Baris 752: Baris 751:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 7
| 7
| 07 hari 23h
| 07 hari 23 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Deployment of [[European Retrievable Carrier|EURECA]]
* Peluncuran [[European Retrievable Carrier|EURECA]]
* Deployment of [[NASA|National Aeronautics and Space Administration]]/[[Italian Space Agency]] [[Space tether|Tethered Satellite System]] (TSS)
* Peluncuran [[NASA|National Aeronautics and Space Administration]]/[[Italian Space Agency]] [[Space tether|Tethered Satellite System]] (TSS)
| <ref name="sts46-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-46.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-46 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=18 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=105}}
| <ref name="sts46-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-46.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-46 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=18 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=105}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 50
!scope=row| 50
Baris 765: Baris 764:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 7
| 7
| 07 hari 22h
| 07 hari 22 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* [[Spacelab]]-J
* [[Spacelab]]-J
* First flight of an African-American woman in space, [[Mae Jemison]]
* Penerbangan pertama bagi wanita berdarah Afrika-Amerika, [[Mae Jemison]]
* Misi yang didanai oleh Jepang
* Japan funded mission
| <ref name="sts47-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-47.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-47 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=18 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=107}}
| <ref name="sts47-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-47.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-47 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=18 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=107}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 51
!scope=row| 51
Baris 779: Baris 778:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 6
| 6
| 09 hari 20h
| 09 hari 20 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* [[LAGEOS]] II deployment
* Peluncuran [[LAGEOS]] II
* Eksperimen di kondisi mikrogravitasi
* Microgravity experiments
| <ref name="sts52-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-52.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-52 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=109}}
| <ref name="sts52-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-52.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-52 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=109}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 52
!scope=row| 52
Baris 792: Baris 791:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 5
| 5
| 07 hari 07h
| 07 hari 07 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
|
|
* Partially classified 10th and final [[United States Department of Defense|DoD]] mission
* Misi semi-rahasia ke-10 dan terakhir untuk [[United States Department of Defense|DoD]]
* Likely deployment of [[Satellite Data System|SDS2]] satellite
* Kemungkinan meluncurkan satelit [[Satellite Data System|SDS2]]
| <ref name="sts-dod" /><ref name="sts53-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-53.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-53 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=111}}
| <ref name="sts-dod" /><ref name="sts53-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-53.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-53 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=111}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 53
!scope=row| 53
Baris 805: Baris 804:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 5
| 5
| 05 hari 23h
| 05 hari 23 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Peluncuran Tracking and Data Relay Satellite ([[TDRS-6|TDRS-F]])
* Peluncuran Tracking and Data Relay Satellite ([[TDRS-6|TDRS-F]])
| <ref name="sts54-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-54.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-54 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=113}}
| <ref name="sts54-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-54.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-54 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=113}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 54
!scope=row| 54
Baris 817: Baris 816:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 5
| 5
| 09 hari 06h
| 09 hari 06 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Platform sains ATLAS-2
* Platform sains ATLAS-2
| <ref name="sts56-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-56.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-56 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=115}}
| <ref name="sts56-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-56.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-56 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=115}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 55
!scope=row| 55
Baris 829: Baris 828:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 7
| 7
| 09 hari 23h
| 09 hari 23 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 835: Baris 834:
* [[Spacelab]]-D2
* [[Spacelab]]-D2
* Misi yang didanai oleh Jerman
* Misi yang didanai oleh Jerman
| <ref name="sts55-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-55.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-55 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=117}}
| <ref name="sts55-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-55.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-55 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=117}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 56
!scope=row| 56
Baris 842: Baris 841:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 6
| 6
| 09 hari 23h
| 09 hari 23 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 848: Baris 847:
* Eksperimen sains di modul [[SPACEHAB]]
* Eksperimen sains di modul [[SPACEHAB]]
* Pengambilan [[European Retrievable Carrier|EURECA]]
* Pengambilan [[European Retrievable Carrier|EURECA]]
| <ref name="sts57-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-57.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-57 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=119}}
| <ref name="sts57-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-57.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-57 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=119}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 57
!scope=row| 57
Baris 855: Baris 854:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 5
| 5
| 09 hari 20h
| 09 hari 20 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 861: Baris 860:
* Peluncuran [[Advanced Communications Technology Satellite|ACTS]]
* Peluncuran [[Advanced Communications Technology Satellite|ACTS]]
* Orbiting Retrievable Far and Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrometer dengan menggunakan kamera [[IMAX]]
* Orbiting Retrievable Far and Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrometer dengan menggunakan kamera [[IMAX]]
| <ref name="sts51-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-51.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-51 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=121}}
| <ref name="sts51-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-51.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-51 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=121}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 58
!scope=row| 58
Baris 868: Baris 867:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 7
| 7
| 14 hari 00h
| 14 hari 00 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
|
|
* Misi [[Spacelab]]
* Misi [[Spacelab]]
| <ref name="sts58-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-58.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-58 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=123}}
| <ref name="sts58-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-58.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-58 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=123}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 59
!scope=row| 59
Baris 880: Baris 879:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 7
| 7
| 10 hari 19h
| 10 hari 19 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Perbaikan [[Hubble Space Telescope]]
* Perbaikan [[Hubble Space Telescope]]
| <ref name="sts61-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-61.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-61 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=125}}
| <ref name="sts61-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-61.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-61 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=125}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 60
!scope=row| 60
Baris 892: Baris 891:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 6
| 6
| 07 hari 06h
| 07 hari 06 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 898: Baris 897:
* [[SPACEHAB]]
* [[SPACEHAB]]
* [[Wake Shield Facility]]
* [[Wake Shield Facility]]
| <ref name="sts60-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-60.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-60 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=127}}
| <ref name="sts60-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-60.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-60 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=127}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 61
!scope=row| 61
Baris 905: Baris 904:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 5
| 5
| 13 hari 23h
| 13 hari 23 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Eksperimen di kondisi mikrogravitasi
* Eksperimen di kondisi mikrogravitasi
| <ref name="sts62-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-62.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-62 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=129}}
| <ref name="sts62-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-62.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-62 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=129}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 62
!scope=row| 62
Baris 917: Baris 916:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 6
| 6
| 11 hari 05h
| 11 hari 05 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
|
|
* Eksperimen menggunakan Shuttle Radar Laboratory-1
* Eksperimen menggunakan Shuttle Radar Laboratory-1
| <ref name="sts59-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-59.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-59 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=131}}
| <ref name="sts59-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-59.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-59 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=131}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 63
!scope=row| 63
Baris 929: Baris 928:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 7
| 7
| 14 hari 17h
| 14 hari 17 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Misi [[Spacelab]]
* Misi [[Spacelab]]
| <ref name="sts65-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-65.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-65 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=133}}
| <ref name="sts65-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-65.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-65 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=133}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 64
!scope=row| 64
Baris 941: Baris 940:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 6
| 6
| 10 hari 22h
| 10 hari 22 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 947: Baris 946:
* Beberapa eksperimen sains
* Beberapa eksperimen sains
* SPARTAN
* SPARTAN
| <ref name="sts64-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-64.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-64 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=135}}
| <ref name="sts64-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-64.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-64 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=135}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 65
!scope=row| 65
Baris 954: Baris 953:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 6
| 6
| 11 hari 05h
| 11 hari 05 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
|
|
* Eksperimen yang dilakukan di dalam Space Radar Laboratory-2
* Eksperimen yang dilakukan di dalam Space Radar Laboratory-2
| <ref name="sts68-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-68.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-68 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=137}}
| <ref name="sts68-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-68.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-68 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=137}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 66
!scope=row| 66
Baris 966: Baris 965:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 6
| 6
| 10 hari 22h
| 10 hari 22 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
|
|
* Platform sains ATLAS-3
* Platform sains ATLAS-3
| <ref name="sts66-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-66.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-66 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=139}}
| <ref name="sts66-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-66.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-66 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=139}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 67
!scope=row| 67
Baris 978: Baris 977:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 6
| 6
| 08 hari 06h
| 08 hari 06 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 985: Baris 984:
* [[SPACEHAB]]
* [[SPACEHAB]]
* Kamera [[IMAX]]
* Kamera [[IMAX]]
| <ref name="sts63-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-63.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-63 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=141}}
| <ref name="sts63-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-63.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-63 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=141}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 68
!scope=row| 68
Baris 992: Baris 991:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 7
| 7
| 16 hari 15h
| 16 hari 15 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
|
|
* Peluncuran ASTRO-2
* Peluncuran ASTRO-2
| <ref name="sts67-nasaarchive">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-67.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-67 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=143}}
| <ref name="sts67-nasaarchive">{{cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-67.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-67 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=143}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 69
!scope=row| 69
Baris 1.004: Baris 1.003:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 7/8
| 7/8
| 09 hari 19h
| 09 hari 19 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Misi berlabuh Shuttle-''[[Mir]]'' pertama
* Misi berlabuh Shuttle-''[[Mir]]'' pertama
| <ref name="sts71-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-71.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-71 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=145}}
| <ref name="sts71-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-71.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-71 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=145}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 70
!scope=row| 70
Baris 1.016: Baris 1.015:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 5
| 5
| 08 hari 22h
| 08 hari 22 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Peluncuran Tracking and Data Relay Satellite ([[TDRS-7|TDRS-G]])
* Peluncuran Tracking and Data Relay Satellite ([[TDRS-7|TDRS-G]])
| <ref name="sts70-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-70.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-70 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=147}}
| <ref name="sts70-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-70.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-70 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=147}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 71
!scope=row| 71
Baris 1.028: Baris 1.027:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 5
| 5
| 10 hari 20h
| 10 hari 20 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 1.034: Baris 1.033:
* [[Wake Shield Facility]]
* [[Wake Shield Facility]]
* SPARTAN
* SPARTAN
| <ref name="sts69-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-69.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-69 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=149}}
| <ref name="sts69-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-69.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-69 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=149}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 72
!scope=row| 72
Baris 1.041: Baris 1.040:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 7
| 7
| 15 hari 21h
| 15 hari 21 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Misi [[Spacelab]]
* Misi [[Spacelab]]
| <ref name="sts73-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-73.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-73 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=151}}
| <ref name="sts73-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-73.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-73 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=151}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 73
!scope=row| 73
Baris 1.053: Baris 1.052:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 5
| 5
| 08 hari 04h
| 08 hari 04 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 1.060: Baris 1.059:
* Mengirimkan modul berlabuh
* Mengirimkan modul berlabuh
* Mengirimkan kamera [[IMAX]]
* Mengirimkan kamera [[IMAX]]
| {{sfn|Chen|p=153}}<ref name="sts74-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-74.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-74 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>
| {{sfn|Chen|p=153}}<ref name="sts74-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-74.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-74 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>
|-
|-
!scope=row| 74
!scope=row| 74
Baris 1.067: Baris 1.066:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 6
| 6
| 08 hari 22h
| 08 hari 22 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 1.073: Baris 1.072:
* Mengambil Space Flyer Unit milik [[Jepang]]
* Mengambil Space Flyer Unit milik [[Jepang]]
* 2 [[Extravehicular activity]]
* 2 [[Extravehicular activity]]
| <ref name="sts72-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-72.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-72 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=155}}
| <ref name="sts72-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-72.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-72 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=155}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 75
!scope=row| 75
Baris 1.080: Baris 1.079:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 7
| 7
| 15 hari 17h
| 15 hari 17 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Penerbangan kembali satelit dengan pengait, namun gagal karena kerusakan pengait
* Penerbangan kembali satelit dengan pengait, namun gagal karena kerusakan pengait
| <ref name="sts75-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-75.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-75 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=157}}
| <ref name="sts75-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-75.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-75 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=157}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 76
!scope=row| 76
Baris 1.092: Baris 1.091:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 6/5
| 6/5
| 09 hari 05h
| 09 hari 05 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
|
|
* Misi berlabuh Shuttle-''[[Mir]]''
* Misi berlabuh Shuttle-''[[Mir]]''
| <ref name="sts76-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-76.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-76 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=159}}
| <ref name="sts76-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-76.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-76 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=159}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 77
!scope=row| 77
Baris 1.104: Baris 1.103:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 6
| 6
| 10 hari 00h
| 10 hari 00 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 1.110: Baris 1.109:
* [[SPACEHAB]]
* [[SPACEHAB]]
* SPARTAN
* SPARTAN
| <ref name="sts77-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-77.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-77 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=161}}
| <ref name="sts77-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-77.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-77 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=161}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 78
!scope=row| 78
Baris 1.117: Baris 1.116:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 7
| 7
| 16 hari 21h
| 16 hari 21 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Misi [[Spacelab]]
* Misi [[Spacelab]]
| <ref name="sts78-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-78.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-78 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=163}}
| <ref name="sts78-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-78.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-78 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=163}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 79
!scope=row| 79
Baris 1.129: Baris 1.128:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 6/6
| 6/6
| 10 hari 03h
| 10 hari 03 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Misi berlabuh Shuttle-''[[Mir]]''
* Misi berlabuh Shuttle-''[[Mir]]''
| <ref name="sts79-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-79.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-79 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=165}}
| <ref name="sts79-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-79.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-79 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=165}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 80
!scope=row| 80
Baris 1.141: Baris 1.140:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 5
| 5
| 17 hari 15h
| 17 hari 15 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 1.147: Baris 1.146:
* [[Wake Shield Facility]]
* [[Wake Shield Facility]]
* Orbiting and Retrievable Far and Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrometer-Shuttle Pallet Satellite (ORFEUS) II
* Orbiting and Retrievable Far and Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrometer-Shuttle Pallet Satellite (ORFEUS) II
| <ref name="sts80-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-80.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-80 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=167}}
| <ref name="sts80-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-80.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-80 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=167}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 81
!scope=row| 81
Baris 1.154: Baris 1.153:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 6/6
| 6/6
| 10 hari 04h
| 10 hari 04 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Misi berlabuh Shuttle-''[[Mir]]''
* Misi berlabuh Shuttle-''[[Mir]]''
| <ref name="sts81-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-81.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-81 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=169}}
| <ref name="sts81-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-81.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-81 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=169}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 82
!scope=row| 82
Baris 1.166: Baris 1.165:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 7
| 7
| 09 hari 23h
| 09 hari 23 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Perbaikan [[Hubble Space Telescope]]
* Perbaikan [[Hubble Space Telescope]]
| <ref name="sts82-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-82.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-82 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=171}}
| <ref name="sts82-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-82.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-82 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=171}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 83
!scope=row| 83
Baris 1.178: Baris 1.177:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 7
| 7
| 03 hari 23h
| 03 hari 23 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 1.184: Baris 1.183:
* Misi [[Spacelab]]
* Misi [[Spacelab]]
* Durasi misi diperpendek karena masalah pada sel bahan bakar
* Durasi misi diperpendek karena masalah pada sel bahan bakar
| <ref name="sts83-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-83.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-83 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=173}}
| <ref name="sts83-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-83.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-83 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=173}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 84
!scope=row| 84
Baris 1.191: Baris 1.190:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 7/7
| 7/7
| 09 hari 05h
| 09 hari 05 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Misi berlabuh Shuttle-''[[Mir]]''
* Misi berlabuh Shuttle-''[[Mir]]''
| <ref name="sts84-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-84.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-84 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=175}}
| <ref name="sts84-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-84.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-84 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=175}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 85
!scope=row| 85
Baris 1.203: Baris 1.202:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 7
| 7
| 15 hari 16h
| 15 hari 16 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Misi [[Spacelab]]
* Misi [[Spacelab]]
| <ref name="sts94-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-94.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-94 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=177}}
| <ref name="sts94-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-94.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-94 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=177}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 86
!scope=row| 86
Baris 1.215: Baris 1.214:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 6
| 6
| 11 hari 20h
| 11 hari 20 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Deployed and retrieved Cryogenic Infrared Spectrometers and Telescopes for the Atmosphere-Shuttle Pallet Satellite-2 (CRISTA-SPAS)
* Deployed and retrieved Cryogenic Infrared Spectrometers and Telescopes for the Atmosphere-Shuttle Pallet Satellite-2 (CRISTA-SPAS)
| <ref name="sts85-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-85.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-85 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=179}}
| <ref name="sts85-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-85.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-85 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=179}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 87
!scope=row| 87
Baris 1.227: Baris 1.226:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 7/7
| 7/7
| 10 hari 19h
| 10 hari 19 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Misi berlabuh Shuttle-''[[Mir]]''
* Misi berlabuh Shuttle-''[[Mir]]''
| <ref name="sts86-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-86.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-86 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=181}}
| <ref name="sts86-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-86.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-86 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=181}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 88
!scope=row| 88
Baris 1.239: Baris 1.238:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 6
| 6
| 15 hari 16h
| 15 hari 16 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 1.247: Baris 1.246:
* SPARTAN
* SPARTAN
* Penerbangan pertama bagi wanita berdarah India [[Kalpana Chawla]]
* Penerbangan pertama bagi wanita berdarah India [[Kalpana Chawla]]
| <ref name="sts87-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-87.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-87 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=183}}
| <ref name="sts87-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-87.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-87 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=183}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 89
!scope=row| 89
Baris 1.254: Baris 1.253:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 7/7
| 7/7
| 08 hari 19h
| 08 hari 19 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Misi berlabuh Shuttle-''[[Mir]]''
* Misi berlabuh Shuttle-''[[Mir]]''
| <ref name="sts89-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-89.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-89 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=185}}
| <ref name="sts89-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-89.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-89 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=185}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 90
!scope=row| 90
Baris 1.266: Baris 1.265:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 7
| 7
| 15 hari 21h
| 15 hari 21 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Misi [[Spacelab]]
* Misi [[Spacelab]]
| <ref name="sts90-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-90.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-90 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=187}}
| <ref name="sts90-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-90.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-90 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=187}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 91
!scope=row| 91
Baris 1.278: Baris 1.277:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 6/7
| 6/7
| 09 hari 19h
| 09 hari 19 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Misi berlabuh Shuttle-''[[Mir]]'' terakhir
* Misi berlabuh Shuttle-''[[Mir]]'' terakhir
| <ref name="sts91-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-91.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-91 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=189}}
| <ref name="sts91-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-91.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-91 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=189}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 92
!scope=row| 92
Baris 1.290: Baris 1.289:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 7
| 7
| 08 hari 21h
| 08 hari 21 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 1.296: Baris 1.295:
* [[SPACEHAB]]
* [[SPACEHAB]]
* Penerbangan kembali astronaut [[John Glenn]]
* Penerbangan kembali astronaut [[John Glenn]]
| <ref name="sts95-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-95.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-95 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=191}}
| <ref name="sts95-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-95.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-95 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=191}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 93
!scope=row| 93
Baris 1.303: Baris 1.302:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 6
| 6
| 11 hari 19h
| 11 hari 19 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 1.309: Baris 1.308:
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 2A: [[Unity (ISS module)|Node 1]]
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 2A: [[Unity (ISS module)|Node 1]]
* Misi pembangunan [[International Space Station|ISS]] pertama oleh pesawat ulang-alik
* Misi pembangunan [[International Space Station|ISS]] pertama oleh pesawat ulang-alik
| <ref name="sts88-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-88.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-88 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=193}}
| <ref name="sts88-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-88.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-88 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=193}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 94
!scope=row| 94
Baris 1.316: Baris 1.315:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 7
| 7
| 09 hari 19h
| 09 hari 19 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Suplai [[International Space Station|ISS]]
* Suplai [[International Space Station|ISS]]
| <ref name="sts96-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-96.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-96 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=195}}
| <ref name="sts96-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-96.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-96 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=195}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 95
!scope=row| 95
Baris 1.328: Baris 1.327:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 5
| 5
| 04 hari 22h
| 04 hari 22 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Peluncuran [[Chandra X-ray Observatory]]
* Peluncuran [[Chandra X-ray Observatory]]
| <ref name="sts93-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-93.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-93 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=197}}
| <ref name="sts93-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-93.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-93 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=197}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 96
!scope=row| 96
Baris 1.340: Baris 1.339:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 7
| 7
| 07 hari 23h
| 07 hari 23 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Perbaikan [[Hubble Space Telescope]]
* Perbaikan [[Hubble Space Telescope]]
| <ref name="sts103-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-103.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-103 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=199}}
| <ref name="sts103-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-103.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-103 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=199}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 97
!scope=row| 97
Baris 1.352: Baris 1.351:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 6
| 6
| 11 hari 05h
| 11 hari 05 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* [[Shuttle Radar Topography Mission]]
* [[Shuttle Radar Topography Mission]]
| <ref name="sts99-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-99.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-99 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=201}}
| <ref name="sts99-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-99.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-99 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=201}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 98
!scope=row| 98
Baris 1.364: Baris 1.363:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 7
| 7
| 09 hari 21h
| 09 hari 21 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Suplai [[International Space Station|ISS]]
* Suplai [[International Space Station|ISS]]
| <ref name="sts101-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-101.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-101 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=203}}
| <ref name="sts101-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-101.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-101 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=203}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 99
!scope=row| 99
Baris 1.376: Baris 1.375:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 7
| 7
| 11 hari 19h
| 11 hari 19 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Suplai [[International Space Station|ISS]]
* Suplai [[International Space Station|ISS]]
| <ref name="sts106-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-106.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-106 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=205}}
| <ref name="sts106-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-106.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-106 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=205}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 100
!scope=row| 100
Baris 1.388: Baris 1.387:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 7
| 7
| 12 hari 21h
| 12 hari 21 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
|
|
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 3A: [[Integrated Truss Structure|Z1 truss]]
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 3A: [[Integrated Truss Structure|Z1 truss]]
| <ref name="sts92-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-92.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-92 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=207}}
| <ref name="sts92-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-92.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-92 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=207}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 101
!scope=row| 101
Baris 1.400: Baris 1.399:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 5
| 5
| 10 hari 19h
| 10 hari 19 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 4A: [[Integrated Truss Structure|P6 panel surya, radiator]]
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 4A: [[Integrated Truss Structure|P6 panel surya, radiator]]
| <ref name="sts97-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-97.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-97 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=209}}
| <ref name="sts97-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-97.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-97 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=209}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 102
!scope=row| 102
Baris 1.412: Baris 1.411:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 5
| 5
| 12 hari 21h
| 12 hari 21 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
|
|
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 5A: [[Destiny (ISS module)|Laboratorium Destiny]]
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 5A: [[Destiny (ISS module)|Laboratorium Destiny]]
| <ref name="sts98-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-98.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-98 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=211}}
| <ref name="sts98-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-98.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-98 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=211}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 103
!scope=row| 103
Baris 1.424: Baris 1.423:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 7/7
| 7/7
| 12 hari 19h
| 12 hari 19 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Suplai dan pergantian awak [[International Space Station|ISS]]
* Suplai dan pergantian awak [[International Space Station|ISS]]
| <ref name="sts102-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-102.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-102 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=213}}
| <ref name="sts102-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-102.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-102 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=213}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 104
!scope=row| 104
Baris 1.436: Baris 1.435:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 7
| 7
| 11 hari 21h
| 11 hari 21 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 1.442: Baris 1.441:
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 6A: [[Canadarm2|lengan robotik]]
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 6A: [[Canadarm2|lengan robotik]]
* Spacewalk pertama bagi seorang warga negara Kanada, [[Chris Hadfield]]
* Spacewalk pertama bagi seorang warga negara Kanada, [[Chris Hadfield]]
| <ref name="sts100-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-100.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-100 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=215}}
| <ref name="sts100-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-100.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-100 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=215}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 105
!scope=row| 105
Baris 1.449: Baris 1.448:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 5
| 5
| 12 hari 18h
| 12 hari 18 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 7A: [[Quest Joint Airlock]]
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 7A: [[Quest Joint Airlock]]
| <ref name="sts104-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-104.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-104 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=217}}
| <ref name="sts104-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-104.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-104 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=217}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 106
!scope=row| 106
Baris 1.461: Baris 1.460:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 7/7
| 7/7
| 11 hari 21h
| 11 hari 21 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Suplai dan pergantian awak [[International Space Station|ISS]]
* Suplai dan pergantian awak [[International Space Station|ISS]]
| <ref name="sts105-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-105.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-105 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=219}}
| <ref name="sts105-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-105.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-105 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=219}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 107
!scope=row| 107
Baris 1.473: Baris 1.472:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 7/7
| 7/7
| 11 hari19h
| 11 hari 19 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* Suplai dan pergantian awak [[International Space Station|ISS]]
* Suplai dan pergantian awak [[International Space Station|ISS]]
| <ref name="sts108-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-108.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-108 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=221}}
| <ref name="sts108-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-108.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-108 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=221}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 108
!scope=row| 108
Baris 1.485: Baris 1.484:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 7
| 7
| 10 hari 22h
| 10 hari 22 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 1.491: Baris 1.490:
* Perbaikan [[Hubble Space Telescope]]
* Perbaikan [[Hubble Space Telescope]]
* Misi sukses terakhir bagi [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
* Misi sukses terakhir bagi [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| <ref name="sts109-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-109.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-109 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=223}}
| <ref name="sts109-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-109.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-109 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=223}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 109
!scope=row| 109
Baris 1.498: Baris 1.497:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 7
| 7
| 10 hari 19h
| 10 hari 19 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 8A: [[Integrated Truss Structure|S0 truss]]
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 8A: [[Integrated Truss Structure|S0 truss]]
| <ref name="sts110-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-110.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-110 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=225}}
| <ref name="sts110-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-110.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-110 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=225}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 110
!scope=row| 110
Baris 1.510: Baris 1.509:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 7/7
| 7/7
| 13 hari 20h
| 13 hari 20 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 1.516: Baris 1.515:
* Suplai dan pergantian awak [[International Space Station|ISS]]
* Suplai dan pergantian awak [[International Space Station|ISS]]
* [[Mobile Servicing System#Mobile Base System|Mobile Base System]]
* [[Mobile Servicing System#Mobile Base System|Mobile Base System]]
| <ref name="sts111-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-111.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-111 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=227}}
| <ref name="sts111-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-111.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-111 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=227}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 111
!scope=row| 111
Baris 1.523: Baris 1.522:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 6
| 6
| 10 hari 19h
| 10 hari 19 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 9A: [[Integrated Truss Structure|S1 truss]]
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 9A: [[Integrated Truss Structure|S1 truss]]
| <ref name="sts112-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-112.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-112 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=229}}
| <ref name="sts112-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-112.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-112 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=229}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 112
!scope=row| 112
Baris 1.535: Baris 1.534:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 7/7
| 7/7
| 13 hari 18h
| 13 hari 18 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 1.541: Baris 1.540:
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 11A: [[Integrated Truss Structure|P1 truss]],pergantian awak
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 11A: [[Integrated Truss Structure|P1 truss]],pergantian awak
* Misi sukses terakhir sebelum [[STS-107]]
* Misi sukses terakhir sebelum [[STS-107]]
| <ref name="sts113-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-113.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-113 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=231}}
| <ref name="sts113-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-113.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-113 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=231}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 113
!scope=row| 113
Baris 1.548: Baris 1.547:
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']]
| 7
| 7
| 15 hari 22h
| 15 hari 22 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| {{nowrap|Tidak mendarat<ref group=lower-alpha name=sts-loss-landingsite />}}
| {{nowrap|Tidak mendarat<ref group=lower-alpha name=sts-loss-landingsite />}}
Baris 1.555: Baris 1.554:
* Warga negara Israel pertama di luar angkasa, [[Ilan Ramon]]
* Warga negara Israel pertama di luar angkasa, [[Ilan Ramon]]
* [[Musibah Columbia|Disintegrasi saat proses penetrasi atmosfer]], menghancurkan pengorbit dan menewaskan semua awak
* [[Musibah Columbia|Disintegrasi saat proses penetrasi atmosfer]], menghancurkan pengorbit dan menewaskan semua awak
| <ref name="sts107-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-107.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-107 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=233}}
| <ref name="sts107-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-107.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-107 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=233}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 114
!scope=row| 114
Baris 1.562: Baris 1.561:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 7
| 7
| 13 hari 21h
| 13 hari 21 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 1.570: Baris 1.569:
* Suplai dan perbaikan [[International Space Station|ISS]]
* Suplai dan perbaikan [[International Space Station|ISS]]
* [[Multi-Purpose Logistics Module|MPLM]] ''Raffaello''
* [[Multi-Purpose Logistics Module|MPLM]] ''Raffaello''
| <ref name="sts114-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-114.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-114 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=235}}
| <ref name="sts114-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-114.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-114 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=235}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 115
!scope=row| 115
Baris 1.577: Baris 1.576:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 7/6
| 7/6
| 12 hari 18h
| 12 hari 18 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 1.583: Baris 1.582:
* [[International Space Station|ISS]] Flight ULF1.1: suplai dan pergantian awak
* [[International Space Station|ISS]] Flight ULF1.1: suplai dan pergantian awak
* [[Multi-Purpose Logistics Module|MPLM]] ''Leonardo''
* [[Multi-Purpose Logistics Module|MPLM]] ''Leonardo''
| <ref name="sts121-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-121.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-121 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=237}}
| <ref name="sts121-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-121.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-121 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=237}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 116
!scope=row| 116
Baris 1.590: Baris 1.589:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 6
| 6
| 11 hari 19h
| 11 hari 19 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 12A: [[Integrated Truss Structure|P3/P4 Truss, Panel Surya]]
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 12A: [[Integrated Truss Structure|P3/P4 Truss, Panel Surya]]
| <ref name="sts115-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-115.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-115 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=239}}
| <ref name="sts115-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-115.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-115 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=239}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 117
!scope=row| 117
Baris 1.602: Baris 1.601:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 7/7
| 7/7
| 12 hari 21h
| 12 hari 21 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39B]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 1.608: Baris 1.607:
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 12A.1: [[Integrated Truss Structure|P5 Truss]] & [[SPACEHAB]]-SM
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 12A.1: [[Integrated Truss Structure|P5 Truss]] & [[SPACEHAB]]-SM
* Pergantian awak
* Pergantian awak
| <ref name="sts116-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-116.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-116 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=241}}
| <ref name="sts116-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-116.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-116 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=241}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 118
!scope=row| 118
Baris 1.615: Baris 1.614:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 7/7
| 7/7
| 13 hari 20h
| 13 hari 20 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 1.621: Baris 1.620:
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 13A: [[Integrated Truss Structure|S3/S4 Truss, Panel Surya]]
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 13A: [[Integrated Truss Structure|S3/S4 Truss, Panel Surya]]
* Pergantian awak
* Pergantian awak
| <ref name="sts117-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts117/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-117 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=243}}
| <ref name="sts117-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts117/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-117 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=243}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 119
!scope=row| 119
Baris 1.628: Baris 1.627:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 7
| 7
| 12 hari 18h
| 12 hari 18 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 1.634: Baris 1.633:
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 13A.1: [[Integrated Truss Structure|S5 Truss]] & [[SPACEHAB]]-SM & [[External stowage platform#ESP-3|ESP-3]]
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 13A.1: [[Integrated Truss Structure|S5 Truss]] & [[SPACEHAB]]-SM & [[External stowage platform#ESP-3|ESP-3]]
* Penggunaan pertama [[Station-to-Shuttle Power Transfer System]] (SSPTS)
* Penggunaan pertama [[Station-to-Shuttle Power Transfer System]] (SSPTS)
| <ref name="sts118-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts118/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-117 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=245}}
| <ref name="sts118-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts118/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-117 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=245}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 120
!scope=row| 120
Baris 1.641: Baris 1.640:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 7/7
| 7/7
| 15 hari 02h
| 15 hari 02 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 1.647: Baris 1.646:
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 10A: Modul ''[[Harmony (ISS module)|Harmony]]'' milik AS
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 10A: Modul ''[[Harmony (ISS module)|Harmony]]'' milik AS
* Pergantian awak
* Pergantian awak
| <ref name="sts120-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts120/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-120 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=247}}
| <ref name="sts120-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts120/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-120 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=247}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 121
!scope=row| 121
Baris 1.654: Baris 1.653:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 7/7
| 7/7
| 12 hari 18h
| 12 hari 18 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 1.660: Baris 1.659:
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 1E: Laboratorium ''[[Columbus (ISS module)|Columbus]]'' milik Eropa
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 1E: Laboratorium ''[[Columbus (ISS module)|Columbus]]'' milik Eropa
* Pergantian awak
* Pergantian awak
| <ref name="sts122-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts122/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-122 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=249}}
| <ref name="sts122-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts122/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-122 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=249}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 122
!scope=row| 122
Baris 1.667: Baris 1.666:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 7/7
| 7/7
| 15 hari 18h
| 15 hari 18 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 1.673: Baris 1.672:
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 1J/A: [[Kibo (ISS module)|Experiment Logistics Module-Pressurized Section]] (ELM PS) & [[Dextre|SPDM]]
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 1J/A: [[Kibo (ISS module)|Experiment Logistics Module-Pressurized Section]] (ELM PS) & [[Dextre|SPDM]]
* Pergantian awak
* Pergantian awak
| <ref name="sts123-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts123/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-123 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=251}}
| <ref name="sts123-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts123/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-123 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=251}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 123
!scope=row| 123
Baris 1.680: Baris 1.679:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 7/7
| 7/7
| 13 hari 18h
| 13 hari 18 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 1J: Modul Jepang ''[[Kibo (ISS module)|Kibo]]'' dan RMS
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 1J: Modul Jepang ''[[Kibo (ISS module)|Kibo]]'' dan RMS
| <ref name="sts124-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts124/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-124 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=253}}
| <ref name="sts124-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts124/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-124 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=253}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 124
!scope=row| 124
Baris 1.692: Baris 1.691:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 7/7
| 7/7
| 15 hari 20h
| 15 hari 20 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 1.698: Baris 1.697:
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight ULF2: [[Multi-Purpose Logistics Module|MPLM]] ''Leonardo''
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight ULF2: [[Multi-Purpose Logistics Module|MPLM]] ''Leonardo''
* Pergantian awak
* Pergantian awak
| <ref name="sts126-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts126/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-126 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=255}}
| <ref name="sts126-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts126/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-126 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=255}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 125
!scope=row| 125
Baris 1.705: Baris 1.704:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 7/7
| 7/7
| 12 hari 19h
| 12 hari 19 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 15A: [[Integrated Truss Structure|S6 Truss, Panel Surya]]
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 15A: [[Integrated Truss Structure|S6 Truss, Panel Surya]]
| <ref name="sts119-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts119/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-119 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=257}}
| <ref name="sts119-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts119/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-119 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=257}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 126
!scope=row| 126
Baris 1.717: Baris 1.716:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 7
| 7
| 12 hari 21h
| 12 hari 21 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 1.723: Baris 1.722:
* Misi perbaikan [[Hubble Space Telescope]] terakhir
* Misi perbaikan [[Hubble Space Telescope]] terakhir
* Penerbangan non-[[International Space Station|ISS]] terakhir bagi pesawat ulang-alik
* Penerbangan non-[[International Space Station|ISS]] terakhir bagi pesawat ulang-alik
| <ref name="sts125-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts125/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-125 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=259}}<ref name="sts125-nova">{{Cite episode |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/space/hubbles-amazing-rescue.html |title=Hubble's Amazing Rescue (transcript) |episodelink= |series=NOVA |serieslink=Nova (American TV series) |credits= |network=[[PBS]] |station=Rocky Mountain PBS |date=13 October 2009 |season=37 |seriesno= |number=2 |minutes= |quote= |language=English}}</ref>
| <ref name="sts125-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts125/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-125 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=259}}<ref name="sts125-nova">{{Cite episode |url=https://www.pbs.org/wgbh/nova/space/hubbles-amazing-rescue.html |title=Hubble's Amazing Rescue (transcript) |episodelink= |series=NOVA |serieslink=Nova (American TV series) |credits= |network=[[PBS]] |station=Rocky Mountain PBS |date=13 Oktober 2009 |season=37 |seriesno= |number=2 |minutes= |quote= |language=English}}</ref>
|-
|-
!scope=row| 127
!scope=row| 127
Baris 1.730: Baris 1.729:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 7/7
| 7/7
| 15 hari 16h
| 15 hari 16 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 2J/A: Japanese Experiment Modules Exposed Facility (EF) dan ELM ES
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 2J/A: Japanese Experiment Modules Exposed Facility (EF) dan ELM ES
| <ref name="sts127-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-127 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=261}}
| <ref name="sts127-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts127/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-127 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=261}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 128
!scope=row| 128
Baris 1.742: Baris 1.741:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 7/7
| 7/7
| 13 hari 21h
| 13 hari 21 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
| [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards]]
Baris 1.749: Baris 1.748:
* Pergantian awak
* Pergantian awak
* Pendaratan terakhir di [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards AFB]]
* Pendaratan terakhir di [[Edwards Air Force Base|Edwards AFB]]
| <ref name="sts128-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts128/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-128 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=263}}
| <ref name="sts128-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts128/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-128 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=263}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 129
!scope=row| 129
Baris 1.756: Baris 1.755:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 6/7
| 6/7
| 10 hari 19h
| 10 hari 19 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight ULF3: [[ExPRESS Logistics Carrier]]s (ELCs) 1 & 2
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight ULF3: [[ExPRESS Logistics Carrier]]s (ELCs) 1 & 2
| <ref name="sts129-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts129/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-129 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=265}}
| <ref name="sts129-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts129/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-129 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=265}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 130
!scope=row| 130
Baris 1.768: Baris 1.767:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 6
| 6
| 13 hari 18h
| 13 hari 18 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 20A: [[Tranquility (ISS module)|Node 3]] dan [[Cupola (ISS module)|Cupola]]
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 20A: [[Tranquility (ISS module)|Node 3]] dan [[Cupola (ISS module)|Cupola]]
| <ref name="sts130-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts130/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-130 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=267}}
| <ref name="sts130-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts130/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-130 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=267}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 131
!scope=row| 131
Baris 1.780: Baris 1.779:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 7
| 7
| 15 hari 03h
| 15 hari 03 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 1.786: Baris 1.785:
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 19A: Utility and Logistics Flight 4: [[Multi-Purpose Logistics Module]] ''Leonardo''
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight 19A: Utility and Logistics Flight 4: [[Multi-Purpose Logistics Module]] ''Leonardo''
* Peluncuran pesawat ulang-alik terakhir yang dilakukan di malam hari
* Peluncuran pesawat ulang-alik terakhir yang dilakukan di malam hari
| <ref name="sts131-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts131/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-131 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=269}}
| <ref name="sts131-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts131/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-131 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=269}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 132
!scope=row| 132
Baris 1.793: Baris 1.792:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 6
| 6
| 11 hari 18h
| 11 hari 18 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
|
|
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight ULF4: [[Rassvet (ISS module)|Mini-Research Module 1]]
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight ULF4: [[Rassvet (ISS module)|Mini-Research Module 1]]
| <ref name="sts132-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts132/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-132 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=271}}
| <ref name="sts132-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts132/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-132 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=271}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 133
!scope=row| 133
Baris 1.805: Baris 1.804:
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Discovery|''Discovery'']]
| 6
| 6
| 12 hari 19h
| 12 hari 19 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 1.811: Baris 1.810:
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight ULF5, [[Leonardo (ISS module)|Pressurized Multipurpose Module]] ''Leonardo'', [[ExPRESS Logistics Carrier]] 4
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight ULF5, [[Leonardo (ISS module)|Pressurized Multipurpose Module]] ''Leonardo'', [[ExPRESS Logistics Carrier]] 4
* Penerbangan terakhir pesawat ulang-alik ''[[Space Shuttle Discovery|Discovery]]''
* Penerbangan terakhir pesawat ulang-alik ''[[Space Shuttle Discovery|Discovery]]''
| <ref name="sts133-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts133/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-133 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=273}}
| <ref name="sts133-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts133/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-133 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=273}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 134
!scope=row| 134
Baris 1.818: Baris 1.817:
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Endeavour|''Endeavour'']]
| 6
| 6
| 15 hari 18h
| 15 hari 18 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 1.824: Baris 1.823:
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight ULF6, [[ExPRESS Logistics Carrier|ELC]] 3, ''[[Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer]]''
* [[ISS assembly sequence|ISS assembly]] flight ULF6, [[ExPRESS Logistics Carrier|ELC]] 3, ''[[Alpha Magnetic Spectrometer]]''
* Penerbangan terakhir pesawat ulang-alik ''[[Space Shuttle Endeavour|Endeavour]]''
* Penerbangan terakhir pesawat ulang-alik ''[[Space Shuttle Endeavour|Endeavour]]''
| <ref name="sts134-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts134/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-134 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=275}}
| <ref name="sts134-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts134/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-134 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=275}}
|-
|-
!scope=row| 135
!scope=row| 135
Baris 1.831: Baris 1.830:
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| [[Space Shuttle Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
| 4
| 4
| 12 hari 18h
| 12 hari 18 jam
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center Launch Complex 39|LC-39A]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
| [[Kennedy Space Center|Kennedy]]
Baris 1.838: Baris 1.837:
* Penerbangan terakhir pesawat ulang-alik ''[[Space Shuttle Atlantis|Atlantis]]''
* Penerbangan terakhir pesawat ulang-alik ''[[Space Shuttle Atlantis|Atlantis]]''
* Misi terakhir dalam [[Program pesawat ulang-alik|Program Pesawat Ulang-Alik]]
* Misi terakhir dalam [[Program pesawat ulang-alik|Program Pesawat Ulang-Alik]]
| <ref name="sts135-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts135/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-135 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=277}}<ref name="sts135-airandspace">{{cite journal|author=Reichhardt, Tony|date=January 2013|title=The Last Shuttle Flight: On Board Atlantis, the Closing of an Era.|journal=[[Air & Space/Smithsonian|Air and Space Magazine]]|publisher=[[Smithsonian Institution]]|url=http://www.airspacemag.com/space-exploration/The-Last-Shuttle-Flight-179511511.html|archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20140511062155/http://www.airspacemag.com/space/the-last-shuttle-flight-125620527/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2014-05-11|accessdate=19 December 2012}}</ref>
| <ref name="sts135-nasaarchive">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/sts135/main/index.html |title=Mission Archives: STS-135 |publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]] |accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>{{sfn|Chen|p=277}}<ref name="sts135-airandspace">{{cite journal|author=Reichhardt, Tony|date=Januari 2013|title=The Last Shuttle Flight: On Board Atlantis, the Closing of an Era.|journal=[[Air & Space/Smithsonian|Air and Space Magazine]]|publisher=[[Smithsonian Institution]]|url=http://www.airspacemag.com/space-exploration/The-Last-Shuttle-Flight-179511511.html|archive-url=https://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20140511062155/http://www.airspacemag.com/space/the-last-shuttle-flight-125620527/|url-status=dead|archive-date=2014-05-11|accessdate=19 Desember 2012}}</ref>
|}
|}


Baris 1.845: Baris 1.844:
Satu misi [[Penerbangan luar angkasa suborbital|sub-orbital]] untuk menguji sistem pembatalan misi (RTLS) dibatalkan karena berisiko tinggi. Banyak misi lain yang direncanakan kemudian dibatalkan karena keterlambatan pengembangan pesawat ulang-alik dan bencana [[Musibah Challenger|''Challenger'']] dan <nowiki><i id="mwE8k">Columbia</i></nowiki> .
Satu misi [[Penerbangan luar angkasa suborbital|sub-orbital]] untuk menguji sistem pembatalan misi (RTLS) dibatalkan karena berisiko tinggi. Banyak misi lain yang direncanakan kemudian dibatalkan karena keterlambatan pengembangan pesawat ulang-alik dan bencana [[Musibah Challenger|''Challenger'']] dan <nowiki><i id="mwE8k">Columbia</i></nowiki> .


Durasi dari empat misi dipangkas satu hari atau lebih saat berada di orbit: STS-2 (kegagalan peralatan),{{Sfn|Chen|p=11}} STS-35 (cuaca),<ref name="sts35-nasaarchive">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-35.html|title=Mission Archives: STS-35|publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]]|access-date=16 December 2012}}</ref> STS-44 (kegagalan peralatan),{{Sfn|Chen|p=173}} dan STS-83 (Kegagalan peralatan, diluncurkan kembali sebagai STS-94).{{Sfn|Chen|p=173}}
Durasi dari empat misi dipangkas satu hari atau lebih saat berada di orbit: STS-2 (kegagalan peralatan),{{Sfn|Chen|p=11}} STS-35 (cuaca),<ref name="sts35-nasaarchive">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/shuttle/shuttlemissions/archives/sts-35.html|title=Mission Archives: STS-35|publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]]|access-date=16 Desember 2012}}</ref> STS-44 (kegagalan peralatan),{{Sfn|Chen|p=173}} dan STS-83 (Kegagalan peralatan, diluncurkan kembali sebagai STS-94).{{Sfn|Chen|p=173}}


== Misi penyelamatan ==
== Misi penyelamatan ==
[[Berkas:Space_shuttles_Atlantis_(STS-125)_and_Endeavour_(STS-400)_on_launch_pads.jpg|ka|jmpl| ''Atlantis'' dan ''Endeavour'' di LC-39A dan LC-39B. ''Endeavour'' akan meluncur pada misi penyelamatan STS-400 seandainya ''Atlantis'' (STS-125) tidak memungkinkan untuk dapat kembali ke Bumi dengan . ]][[ STS-3xx|STS-300]] adalah designasi untuk misi Peluncuran [[Pesawat ulang-alik|Pesawat Ulang-Alik]] Jika Dibutuhkan (Launch On Need, LON) yang akan diluncurkan dalam waktu singkat untuk [[STS-114]] dan [[ STS-121|STS-121]] apabila pesawat ulang-alik pada misi tersebut menjadi cacat atau rusak dan tidak dapat kembali ke Bumi dengan selamat.<ref name="contingency-cscs">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/153444main_CSCS_Resource_%20Book.pdf|title=Contingency Shuttle Crew Support (CSCS)/Rescue Flight Resource Book|last=NASA|year=2005|publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]]|access-date=25 November 2008}}</ref><ref name="contingency-frr">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/150494main_frr_brief_20060617.pdf|title=Flight Readiness Review Briefing Transcript|last=NASA|year=2005|publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]]|access-date=25 November 2008}}</ref><ref name="contingency-cscsNumbers">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2007/04/nasa-sets-new-launch-date-targets-through-to-sts-124/|title=NASA Sets New Launch Date Targets Through to STS-124|last=Bergin|first=Chris|date=15 April 2007|website=CSCS flight numbers|publisher=[[NASASpaceFlight.com]]|access-date=2 September 2010}}</ref> Penerbangan penyelamatan untuk [[STS-115]], adalah STS-301. Setelah STS-115, penunjukan misi penyelamatan didasarkan pada misi reguler terkait yang akan dialihkan jika misi penyelamatan diperlukan. Misalnya, misi penyelamatan [[ STS-116|STS-116]] diberi designasi STS-317 karena misi normal yang dijadwalkan setelah STS-116 adalah [[ STS-117|STS-117]]. Jika misi penyelamatan diperlukan, kru dan kendaraan untuk STS-117 akan mengambil profil misi penyelamatan dan menjadi STS-317. Semua misi penyelamatan akan diluncurkan dengan empat awak, dan akan kembali dengan sepuluh atau sebelas anggota awak, tergantung pada jumlah awak yang diluncurkan pada pesawat ulang-alik yang diselamatkan. Misi diharapkan berlangsung sekitar sebelas hari. Tidak ada misi penyelamatan yang pernah diterbangkan.<ref name="contingency-sts335">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2010/05/sts-335-nasa-planning-contingency-launch-on-need-mission/|title=STS-335: NASA Continues Planning for Contingency Launch On Need Mission|last=Gebhardt, Chris|date=31 May 2010|publisher=[[NASASpaceFlight.com]]|access-date=29 December 2014}}</ref>
[[Berkas:Space_shuttles_Atlantis_(STS-125)_and_Endeavour_(STS-400)_on_launch_pads.jpg|ka|jmpl| ''Atlantis'' dan ''Endeavour'' di LC-39A dan LC-39B. ''Endeavour'' akan meluncur pada misi penyelamatan STS-400 seandainya ''Atlantis'' (STS-125) tidak memungkinkan untuk dapat kembali ke Bumi dengan . ]][[ STS-3xx|STS-300]] adalah designasi untuk misi Peluncuran [[Pesawat ulang-alik|Pesawat Ulang-Alik]] Jika Dibutuhkan (Launch On Need, LON) yang akan diluncurkan dalam waktu singkat untuk [[STS-114]] dan [[ STS-121|STS-121]] apabila pesawat ulang-alik pada misi tersebut menjadi cacat atau rusak dan tidak dapat kembali ke Bumi dengan selamat.<ref name="contingency-cscs">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/153444main_CSCS_Resource_%20Book.pdf|title=Contingency Shuttle Crew Support (CSCS)/Rescue Flight Resource Book|last=NASA|year=2005|publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]]|access-date=25 November 2008}}</ref><ref name="contingency-frr">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasa.gov/pdf/150494main_frr_brief_20060617.pdf|title=Flight Readiness Review Briefing Transcript|last=NASA|year=2005|publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]]|access-date=25 November 2008}}</ref><ref name="contingency-cscsNumbers">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2007/04/nasa-sets-new-launch-date-targets-through-to-sts-124/|title=NASA Sets New Launch Date Targets Through to STS-124|last=Bergin|first=Chris|date=15 April 2007|website=CSCS flight numbers|publisher=[[NASASpaceFlight.com]]|access-date=2 September 2010}}</ref> Penerbangan penyelamatan untuk [[STS-115]], adalah STS-301. Setelah STS-115, penunjukan misi penyelamatan didasarkan pada misi reguler terkait yang akan dialihkan jika misi penyelamatan diperlukan. Misalnya, misi penyelamatan [[ STS-116|STS-116]] diberi designasi STS-317 karena misi normal yang dijadwalkan setelah STS-116 adalah [[ STS-117|STS-117]]. Jika misi penyelamatan diperlukan, kru dan kendaraan untuk STS-117 akan mengambil profil misi penyelamatan dan menjadi STS-317. Semua misi penyelamatan akan diluncurkan dengan empat awak, dan akan kembali dengan sepuluh atau sebelas anggota awak, tergantung pada jumlah awak yang diluncurkan pada pesawat ulang-alik yang diselamatkan. Misi diharapkan berlangsung sekitar sebelas hari. Tidak ada misi penyelamatan yang pernah diterbangkan.<ref name="contingency-sts335">{{Cite web|url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2010/05/sts-335-nasa-planning-contingency-launch-on-need-mission/|title=STS-335: NASA Continues Planning for Contingency Launch On Need Mission|last=Gebhardt, Chris|date=31 Mei 2010|publisher=[[NASASpaceFlight.com]]|access-date=29 Desember 2014}}</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
{| class="wikitable"
! Misi || Misi penyelamatan
! Misi || Misi penyelamatan
Baris 1.866: Baris 1.865:
|[[STS-120]] (''Discovery'') ||'''STS-320''' (''Atlantis''){{refn |group=lower-alpha |name=contingency-sts320-note |NASA menyebut misi ini sebagai STS-320, bukan STS-321.<ref name="contingency-cscsNumbers" />}}
|[[STS-120]] (''Discovery'') ||'''STS-320''' (''Atlantis''){{refn |group=lower-alpha |name=contingency-sts320-note |NASA menyebut misi ini sebagai STS-320, bukan STS-321.<ref name="contingency-cscsNumbers" />}}
|-
|-
|[[STS-122]] (''Atlantis'') ||'''STS-323''' (''Discovery''){{refn |group=lower-alpha |name=contingency-sts323-note |Rencana awal menggunakan ''Endeavour,'' namun diubah ke ''Discovery'' karena masalah kontaminasi.<ref name="contingency-nsf">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2008/02/sts-122-atlantis-launches-endeavour-lon-doubt/ |title=STS-122: Atlantis Launches – Endeavour LON doubt |last=Bergin |first=Chris |date=7 February 2008|publisher=[[NASASpaceFlight.com]] |accessdate=2 September 2010}}</ref>}}
|[[STS-122]] (''Atlantis'') ||'''STS-323''' (''Discovery''){{refn |group=lower-alpha |name=contingency-sts323-note |Rencana awal menggunakan ''Endeavour,'' namun diubah ke ''Discovery'' karena masalah kontaminasi.<ref name="contingency-nsf">{{cite web |url=http://www.nasaspaceflight.com/2008/02/sts-122-atlantis-launches-endeavour-lon-doubt/ |title=STS-122: Atlantis Launches – Endeavour LON doubt |last=Bergin |first=Chris |date=7 Februari 2008|publisher=[[NASASpaceFlight.com]] |accessdate=2 September 2010}}</ref>}}
|-
|-
|[[STS-123]] (''Endeavour'') ||'''STS-324''' (''Discovery'')
|[[STS-123]] (''Endeavour'') ||'''STS-324''' (''Discovery'')
Baris 1.917: Baris 1.916:
| align="right" | 26 Oktober 1977
| align="right" | 26 Oktober 1977
| align="right" | {{Ndash}} / {{Ndash}}
| align="right" | {{Ndash}} / {{Ndash}}
| {{Sfn|Chen|p=280}}<ref name="ov-nasafacts">{{Cite web|url=http://www.californiasciencecenter.org/GenInfo/MediaRoom/PressReleases/EndeavourLa/presskit_docs/SHUTTLE_ERA_FACTS.pdf|title=NASA Facts: Space Shuttle Era Facts|publisher=[[Kennedy Space Center|John F. Kennedy Space Center]]|access-date=14 December 2012}}</ref><ref name="ov101-nasa">{{Cite web|url=http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/resources/orbiters/enterprise.html|title=Enterprise (OV-101)|publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]]|access-date=19 October 2012}}</ref><ref name="ov101-foxnewsinsider">{{Cite web|url=http://insider.foxnews.com/2012/04/27/fast-facts-on-the-space-shuttle-enterprise/|title=Fast Facts on the Space Shuttle Enterprise|website=Fox News Insider|publisher=[[Fox News]]|archive-url=https://archive.is/20160314160635/http://insider.foxnews.com/2012/04/27/fast-facts-on-the-space-shuttle-enterprise/|archive-date=14 March 2016|access-date=14 December 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>
| {{Sfn|Chen|p=280}}<ref name="ov-nasafacts">{{Cite web|url=http://www.californiasciencecenter.org/GenInfo/MediaRoom/PressReleases/EndeavourLa/presskit_docs/SHUTTLE_ERA_FACTS.pdf|title=NASA Facts: Space Shuttle Era Facts|publisher=[[Kennedy Space Center|John F. Kennedy Space Center]]|access-date=14 Desember 2012}}</ref><ref name="ov101-nasa">{{Cite web|url=http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/resources/orbiters/enterprise.html|title=Enterprise (OV-101)|publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]]|access-date=19 Oktober 2012}}</ref><ref name="ov101-foxnewsinsider">{{Cite web|url=http://insider.foxnews.com/2012/04/27/fast-facts-on-the-space-shuttle-enterprise/|title=Fast Facts on the Space Shuttle Enterprise|website=Fox News Insider|publisher=[[Fox News]]|archive-url=https://archive.is/20160314160635/http://insider.foxnews.com/2012/04/27/fast-facts-on-the-space-shuttle-enterprise/|archive-date=14 Maret 2016|access-date=14 Desember 2012|url-status=dead}}</ref>
|-
|-
! scope="row" style="background:#ffdddd;" | {{Nowrap|[[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']] {{dagger}}}}
! scope="row" style="background:#ffdddd;" | {{Nowrap|[[Space Shuttle Columbia|''Columbia'']] {{dagger}}}}
Baris 1.930: Baris 1.929:
| align="right" | 16 Januari 2003
| align="right" | 16 Januari 2003
| align="right" | 0/0
| align="right" | 0/0
| {{Sfn|Chen|p=280}}<ref name="ov102-nytimes">{{Cite news|url=http://partners.nytimes.com/library/national/science/columbia-index.html|title=Space: The Space Shuttle Columbia|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=19 October 2012}}</ref><ref name="ov102-foxnews">{{Cite news|url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,77271,00.html|title=Fast Facts: Space Shuttle Columbia|publisher=[[Fox News]]|access-date=14 December 2012|date=2 February 2003|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121119133407/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,77271,00.html#|archive-date=2012-11-19|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/resources/orbiters/columbia.html|title=Columbia (OV-102)|publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]]|access-date=27 October 2012}}</ref>
| {{Sfn|Chen|p=280}}<ref name="ov102-nytimes">{{Cite news|url=http://partners.nytimes.com/library/national/science/columbia-index.html|title=Space: The Space Shuttle Columbia|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=19 Oktober 2012}}</ref><ref name="ov102-foxnews">{{Cite news|url=http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,77271,00.html|title=Fast Facts: Space Shuttle Columbia|publisher=[[Fox News]]|access-date=14 Desember 2012|date=2 Februari 2003|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121119133407/http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,77271,00.html#|archive-date=2012-11-19|url-status=dead}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/resources/orbiters/columbia.html|title=Columbia (OV-102)|publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]]|access-date=27 Oktober 2012}}</ref>
|-
|-
! scope="row" style="background:#ffdddd;" | {{Nowrap|[[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']] {{dagger}}}}
! scope="row" style="background:#ffdddd;" | {{Nowrap|[[Space Shuttle Challenger|''Challenger'']] {{dagger}}}}
Baris 1.943: Baris 1.942:
| align="right" | 28 Januari 1986
| align="right" | 28 Januari 1986
| align="right" | 0/0
| align="right" | 0/0
| {{Sfn|Chen|p=280}}<ref name="ov099-NASA">{{Cite web|url=http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/resources/orbiters/challenger.html|title=Challenger (STA-099, OV-99)|publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]]|access-date=27 October 2012}}</ref><ref name="ov099-floridatoday">{{Cite web|url=https://www.floridatoday.com/article/20110721/NEWS0208/110408026/Space-Shuttle-Challenger-facts?nclick_check=1|title=Space Shuttle Challenger Facts|website=[[Florida Today]]|access-date=14 December 2012}}</ref>
| {{Sfn|Chen|p=280}}<ref name="ov099-NASA">{{Cite web|url=http://science.ksc.nasa.gov/shuttle/resources/orbiters/challenger.html|title=Challenger (STA-099, OV-99)|publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]]|access-date=27 Oktober 2012}}</ref><ref name="ov099-floridatoday">{{Cite web|url=https://www.floridatoday.com/article/20110721/NEWS0208/110408026/Space-Shuttle-Challenger-facts?nclick_check=1|title=Space Shuttle Challenger Facts|website=[[Florida Today]]|access-date=14 Desember 2012}}</ref>
|-
|-
! scope="row" | [[Pesawat ulang-alik Discovery|''Discovery'']]
! scope="row" | [[Pesawat ulang-alik Discovery|''Discovery'']]
Baris 1.956: Baris 1.955:
| align="right" | 24 Februari 2011
| align="right" | 24 Februari 2011
| align="right" | 1/13
| align="right" | 1/13
| {{Sfn|Chen|p=280}}<ref name="ov103-space">{{Cite web|url=http://www.space.com/15330-space-shuttle-discovery-5-surprising-facts.html|title=Space Shuttle Discovery: 5 Surprising Facts About NASA's Oldest Orbiter|last=Wall, Mike|date=19 April 2012|publisher=[[Space.com]]|access-date=15 December 2012}}</ref> <ref name="ov103-foxnewsinsider">{{Cite web|url=http://airandspace.si.edu/collections/artifact.cfm?object=nasm_A20120325000|title=Orbiter, Space Shuttle, OV-103, Discovery|publisher=[[Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum]]|access-date=26 February 2016}}</ref>
| {{Sfn|Chen|p=280}}<ref name="ov103-space">{{Cite web|url=http://www.space.com/15330-space-shuttle-discovery-5-surprising-facts.html|title=Space Shuttle Discovery: 5 Surprising Facts About NASA's Oldest Orbiter|last=Wall, Mike|date=19 April 2012|publisher=[[Space.com]]|access-date=15 Desember 2012}}</ref> <ref name="ov103-foxnewsinsider">{{Cite web|url=http://airandspace.si.edu/collections/artifact.cfm?object=nasm_A20120325000|title=Orbiter, Space Shuttle, OV-103, Discovery|publisher=[[Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum]]|access-date=26 Februari 2016}}</ref>
|-
|-
! scope="row" | [[Pesawat ulang-alik Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
! scope="row" | [[Pesawat ulang-alik Atlantis|''Atlantis'']]
Baris 1.969: Baris 1.968:
| align="right" | 8 Juli 2011
| align="right" | 8 Juli 2011
| align="right" | 7/12
| align="right" | 7/12
| {{Sfn|Chen|p=280}}<ref name="ov104-time">{{Cite news|url=http://newsfeed.time.com/2010/05/14/space-shuttle-atlantis-blasts-off-five-fast-facts/|title=Space Shuttle Atlantis Blasts Off: Five Fast Facts|last=Fletcher, Dan|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=15 December 2012|date=14 May 2010}}</ref><ref name="ov104-floridatoday">{{Cite web|url=https://www.floridatoday.com/article/20110707/NEWS02/110706005/Shuttle-launch-facts-15-things-know-about-space-shuttle-Atlantis-mission|title=Shuttle Launch Facts: 15 Things to Know about Space Shuttle Atlantis' Mission|website=[[Florida Today]]|access-date=15 December 2012}}</ref>
| {{Sfn|Chen|p=280}}<ref name="ov104-time">{{Cite news|url=http://newsfeed.time.com/2010/05/14/space-shuttle-atlantis-blasts-off-five-fast-facts/|title=Space Shuttle Atlantis Blasts Off: Five Fast Facts|last=Fletcher, Dan|work=[[Time (magazine)|Time]]|access-date=15 Desember 2012|date=14 Mei 2010}}</ref><ref name="ov104-floridatoday">{{Cite web|url=https://www.floridatoday.com/article/20110707/NEWS02/110706005/Shuttle-launch-facts-15-things-know-about-space-shuttle-Atlantis-mission|title=Shuttle Launch Facts: 15 Things to Know about Space Shuttle Atlantis' Mission|website=[[Florida Today]]|access-date=15 Desember 2012}}</ref>
|-
|-
! scope="row" | ''[[Pesawat ulang-alik Endeavour|Endeavour]]''
! scope="row" | ''[[Pesawat ulang-alik Endeavour|Endeavour]]''
Baris 1.982: Baris 1.981:
| align="right" | 16 Mei 2011
| align="right" | 16 Mei 2011
| align="right" | 1/12
| align="right" | 1/12
| {{Sfn|Chen|p=280}}<ref name="ov105-cbs">{{Cite web|url=http://sacramento.cbslocal.com/2012/09/19/the-space-shuttle-endeavour-fact-sheet/|title=The Space Shuttle Endeavour Fact Sheet|publisher=[[CBS News]]|access-date=15 December 2012}}</ref> <ref name="ov105-floridaytoday">{{Cite web|url=https://www.floridatoday.com/article/20110721/NEWS0208/110722019/Space-shuttle-Endeavour-facts|title=Space Shuttle Endeavour Facts|website=[[Florida Today]]|access-date=15 December 2012}}</ref>
| {{Sfn|Chen|p=280}}<ref name="ov105-cbs">{{Cite web|url=http://sacramento.cbslocal.com/2012/09/19/the-space-shuttle-endeavour-fact-sheet/|title=The Space Shuttle Endeavour Fact Sheet|publisher=[[CBS News]]|access-date=15 Desember 2012}}</ref> <ref name="ov105-floridaytoday">{{Cite web|url=https://www.floridatoday.com/article/20110721/NEWS0208/110722019/Space-shuttle-Endeavour-facts|title=Space Shuttle Endeavour Facts|website=[[Florida Today]]|access-date=15 Desember 2012}}</ref>
|- class="sortbottom"
|- class="sortbottom"
!scope="row" |'''Total'''
!scope="row" |'''Total'''
Baris 2.266: Baris 2.265:
== Bibliografi ==
== Bibliografi ==


* {{Cite book|url=https://purl.fdlp.gov/GPO/gpo25159|title=Celebrating 30 years the Space Shuttle Program|last=Chen|first=Adam|publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]]|year=2012|isbn=978-0-16-090202-4|editor-last=Wallack|editor-first=William|location=Washington, DC, United States|format=pdf|ref={{sfnRef|Chen}}|author-link=|access-date=11 October 2012|editor-last2=Gonzalez|editor-first2=George}}
* {{Cite book|url=https://purl.fdlp.gov/GPO/gpo25159|title=Celebrating 30 years the Space Shuttle Program|last=Chen|first=Adam|publisher=[[National Aeronautics and Space Administration]]|year=2012|isbn=978-0-16-090202-4|editor-last=Wallack|editor-first=William|location=Washington, DC, United States|format=pdf|ref={{sfnRef|Chen}}|author-link=|access-date=11 Oktober 2012|editor-last2=Gonzalez|editor-first2=George}}
* {{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/finalcountdownna00dugg|title=Final Countdown: NASA and the End of the Space Shuttle Program|last=Duggins|first=Pat|publisher=University Press of Florida|year=2007|isbn=978-0-8130-3146-0|location=United States of America|ref={{sfnRef|Duggins}}|author-link=|url-access=registration}}
* {{Cite book|url=https://archive.org/details/finalcountdownna00dugg|title=Final Countdown: NASA and the End of the Space Shuttle Program|last=Duggins|first=Pat|publisher=University Press of Florida|year=2007|isbn=978-0-8130-3146-0|location=United States of America|ref={{sfnRef|Duggins}}|author-link=|url-access=registration}}
* {{Cite book|title=Space Shuttle {{ndash}} STS Flights 1-5 {{ndash}} The NASA Mission Reports|last=Goodwin|first=Robert|publisher=Apogee Books|year=2001|isbn=1-896522-69-6|location=Canada|ref={{sfnRef|Goodwin}}|author-link=}}
* {{Cite book|title=Space Shuttle {{ndash}} STS Flights 1-5 {{ndash}} The NASA Mission Reports|last=Goodwin|first=Robert|publisher=Apogee Books|year=2001|isbn=1-896522-69-6|location=Canada|ref={{sfnRef|Goodwin}}|author-link=}}

Revisi per 19 Juni 2020 13.23


Peluncuran Pesawat Ulang-Alik Columbia pada 12 April 1981 dari Pad 39A untuk misi STS-1

Pesawat ulang-alik adalah wahana antariksa bertujuan orbit Bumi rendah yang dapat digunakan kembali sebagian dan dioperasikan oleh Badan Penerbangan dan Antariksa Nasional AS (NASA). Nama resmi program ini adalah Space Transportation System (STS), diambil dari rencana tahun 1969 untuk sistem wahana antariksa yang dapat digunakan kembali.[1] Pada misi operasionalnya, pesawat ulang-alik meluncurkan banyak satelit, melakukan eksperimen sains di orbit, dan berpartisipasi dalam pembangunan dan perbaikan Stasiun Luar Angkasa Internasional (ISS). Empat penerbangan uji orbital pertama diluncurkan pada 1981 dan penerbangan operasionalnya dimulai pada 1982.

Pada tahun 1981 hingga 2011, total 135 misi diterbangkan, seluruhnya dari Kennedy Space Center (KSC) di Florida. Selama periode waktu itu armada pesawat ulang-alik mencatat 1.322 hari, 19 jam, 21 menit dan 23 detik waktu penerbangan.[2] Penerbangan orbital terpanjang pada program ini adalah misi STS-80 dengan durasi 17 hari 15 jam, sedangkan penerbangan terpendek adalah STS-51-L ketika Pesawat Ulang-Alik Challenger mengalami disintegrasi satu menit 13 detik setelah peluncuran. Pesawat ulang-alik berlabuh dengan stasiun luar angkasa Rusia Mir sembilan kali dan mengunjungi ISS tiga puluh tujuh kali. Ketinggian (apogee) tertinggi yang dicapai oleh pesawat ulang-alik adalah 350 mil (560 km) saat melakukan misi perbaikan Teleskop Luar Angkasa Hubble.[3] Program ini menerbangkan total 355 orang yang mewakili 16 negara.[4] Kennedy Space Center menjadi tempat pendaratan untuk 78 misi, sementara 54 misi mendarat di Pangkalan Angkatan Udara Edwards di California, dan satu misi mendarat di White Sands, New Mexico.[5]

Pengorbit pertama yang dibuat, Enterprise, digunakan sebagai kendaraan uji penerbangan atmosfer. Pengorbit tersebut sempat direncanakan untuk diperbaharui menjadi kendaraan orbital, namun batal. Empat pengorbit operasional penuh pertama yang dibangun adalah Columbia, Challenger, Discovery, dan Atlantis. Challenger dan Columbia hancur dalam kecelakaan misi pada tahun 1986 dan 2003, menewaskan total empat belas astronaut. Pengorbit operasional kelima, Endeavour, dibangun pada tahun 1991 untuk menggantikan Challenger. Pesawat ulang-alik pensiun dari layanan setelah berakhirnya misi STS-135 oleh Atlantis pada 21 Juli 2011.[6]

Penomoran misi

Profil kelima pengorbit saat peluncuran.

Program Pesawat Ulang-Alik AS secara resmi disebut sebagai Space Transport System (STS). Karenanya, penamaan misi ulang-alik ditetapkan dengan awalan "STS".[2] Awalnya, peluncuran diberi nomor urut yang menunjukkan urutan peluncuran, seperti STS-7. Sehubungan dengan kecelakaan Apollo 13, triskaidekaphobia yang dialami oleh Administrator NASA, James M. Beggs dan keengganan untuk menomori penerbangan yang akan datang sebagai STS-13[7][8][9][10] menyebabkan semua misi yang dimulai pada tahun 1984 diberi kode, seperti STS-41-B, dengan:

  • digit pertama (atau sepasang digit untuk tahun 1990 dan seterusnya) menunjukkan tahun fiskal (FY) federal pendanaan program (contohnya 41-B dijadwalkan untuk Tahun Fiskal 1984, 51-A hingga 51-L awalnya untuk FY 1985, dan peluncuran ketiga pada FY 1995 akan dinamai 151-C),
  • digit kedua menunjukkan situs peluncuran (1 untuk Kennedy Space Center dan 2 untuk Space Launch Complex (SLC) 6 di Pangkalan Angkatan Udara Vandenberg, meskipun Vandenberg pada akhirnya tidak pernah digunakan), dan
  • huruf di akhir menunjukkan urutan peluncuran.[11]

Kode-kode ini diberikan ketika peluncuran pertama kali dijadwalkan dan tidak berubah meskipun misi ditunda atau dijadwalkan ulang.[6] Kode-kode tersebut diadopsi untuk STS-41-B hingga STS-51-L (walaupun kode tertinggi yang digunakan sebenarnya adalah STS-61-C ) dengan nomor urut asli tetap digunakan secara internal di NASA pada semua dokumen.

Setelah bencana Challenger, NASA kembali menggunakan sistem penomoran berurutan, dengan penomoran yang dihitung dari awal program STS. Berbeda dengan sistem awal, penomoran diberikan saat penjadwalan misi dan tidak berubah meskipun peluncuran dijadwalkan ulang. Skema penomoran ini dimulai kembali dengan nomor 26, dengan penerbangan pertama sebagai STS-26R — akhiran R berarti "reflight" untuk disambiguasi dari misi sebelumnya. Sufiks tersebut digunakan selama dua tahun hingga misi STS-33R.[6] Sebagai akibat dari perubahan sistem, penerbangan di bawah sistem penomoran yang berbeda dapat memiliki nomor yang sama dengan sistem penomoran lainnya, misalnya penerbangan STS-51 (misi yang dilakukan oleh Discovery pada tahun 1993) bertahun-tahun setelah STS-51-A (penerbangan kedua Discovery pada tahun 1984).[6]

Penerbangan pesawat ulang-alik

Enterprise dalam salah satu dari lima penerbangan bebasnya selama program Approach and Landing Test

Penerbangan uji coba

Program Approach and Landing Test mencakup 16 misi uji coba menggunakan pesawat ulang-alik Enterprise., mencakup tes taksi, penerbangan nirawak dan berawak di atas Shuttle Carrier Aircraft, dan tes penerbangan bebas. Daftar berikut menabulasikan uji penerbangan bebas, dengan durasi yang tercantum hanya terhitung saat pengorbit dalam kondisi terbang bebas. Daftar ini tidak menghitung total waktu saat pengorbit terbang bersama Boeing 747 Shuttle Carrier Aircraft (SCA).

Urutan Tanggal peluncuran Misi Pesawat ulang-alik Awak Durasi Tempat pendaratan Catatan Referensi
1 12 Agustus 1977 ALT-12
Enterprise 2 00 jam 05 menit Edwards
  • Penerbangan bebas pertama
  • Penerbangan non-captive pertamaEnterprise
 [12][13][14][15]
2 13 September 1977 ALT-13
Enterprise 2 00 jam 05 menit Edwards
  • Penerbangan bebas kedua
 [12]
3 23 September 1977 ALT-14
Enterprise 2 00 jam 05 menit Edwards
  • Penerbangan bebas ketiga
 [12]
4 12 Oktober 1977 ALT-15
Enterprise 2 00 jam 02 menit Edwards
  • Penerbangan bebas keempat
  • Penerbangan pertama tanpa kerucut pelindung (konfigurasi operasional)
 [12][16]
5 26 Oktober 1977 ALT-16
 Enterprise 2 00 jam 02 menit Edwards
  • Penerbangan bebas terakhir
  • Penerbangan non-captive terakhir Enterprise
 [12][17]

Peluncuran dan penerbangan orbital

Urutan Tanggal peluncuran Misi Pesawat ulang-alik Awak[a] Durasi Landasan peluncuran Tempat pendaratan Catatan Referensi
1 12 April 1981
12:00:04 UTC
07:00:04 EST
STS-1

 Columbia 2 02 hari 06 jam LC-39A Edwards
  • Penerbangan pertama bagi wahana antariksa yang dapat digunakan kembali
  • Penerbangan pertama Columbia
 [18][19][20]
2 12 November 1981
15:10:00 UTC
10:10:00 EST
STS-2

 Columbia 2 02 hari 06 jam LC-39A Edwards
  • Penggunaan kembali pertama bagi sebuah wahana antariksa berawak
  • Pengujian pertama lengan robotik Canadarm
  • Durasi misi diperpendek karena masalah sel bahan bakar
 [21][22][23]
3 22 Maret 1982
16:00:00 UTC
11:00:00 EST
STS-3

 Columbia 2 08 hari 00 jam LC-39A White Sands
  • Misi pengembangan pesawat ulang-alik
  • Pendaratan pertama dan satu-satunya di White Sands, New Mexico pada misi orbital pesawat ulang-alik
 [24][25][26]
4 27 Juni 1982
15:00:00 UTC
11:00:00 EDT
STS-4

 Columbia 2 07 hari 01 jam LC-39A Edwards
  • Misi pengembangan terakhir pesawat ulang-alik
  • Peluncuran muatanDepartment of Defense (DoD) untuk pertama kalinya
 [27][28][29][30]
5 11 November 1982
12:19:00 UTC
07:19:00 EST
STS-5

 Columbia 4 05 hari 02 jam LC-39A Edwards [31][32][33][34]
6 4 April 1983
18:30:00 UTC
13:30:00 EST
STS-6

 Challenger 4 05 hari 00 jam LC-39A Edwards [35][36]
7 18 Juni 1983
11:33:00 UTC
07:33:00 EDT
STS-7

 Challenger 5 06 hari 02 jam LC-39A Edwards
  • Wanita AS pertama di luar angkasa, Sally Ride
  • Peluncuran beberapa satelit komunikasi
  • Peluncuran dan pengambilan kembali Shuttle Pallet Satellite
 [37][38]
8 30 Agustus 1983
06:32:00 UTC
02:32:00 EDT
STS-8

 Challenger 5 06 hari 01 jam LC-39A Edwards
  • Peluncuran satelit komunikasi
  • Penerbangan pertama untuk seorang berdarah Afrika-Amerika, Guion Bluford
  • Uji coba lengan robotik dengan muatan uji
  • Pendaratan malam pertama untuk pesawat ulang-alik
 [39][40]
9 28 November 1983
16:00:00 UTC
11:00:00 EST
STS-9

 Columbia 6 10 hari 07 jam LC-39A Edwards [41][42]
10 3 Februari 1984
13:00:00 UTC
08:00:00 EST
STS-41-B

 Challenger 5 07 hari 23 jam LC-39A Kennedy [43][44]
11 6 April 1984
13:58:00 UTC
08:58:00 EST
STS-41-C

 Challenger 5 06 hari 23 jam LC-39A Edwards [45][46][47]
12 30 Agustus 1984
12:41:50 UTC
08:41:50 EDT
STS-41-D

 Discovery 6 06 hari 00 jam LC-39A Edwards
  • Multiple comsat deployments
  • First flight of Discovery
  • Test of OAST-1 Solar Array
 [48][49]
13 5 Oktober 1984
11:03:00 UTC
07:03:00 EDT
STS-41-G

 Challenger 7 08 hari 05 jam LC-39A Kennedy [50][51]
14 8 November 1984
12:15:00 UTC
07:15:00 EST
STS-51-A

 Discovery 5 07 hari 23 jam LC-39A Kennedy
  • Multiple comsat deployments
  • Retrieval of two other comsats (Palapa B2 and Westar VI), which were subsequently refurbished on Earth and reflown
 [52][53]
15 24 Januari 1985
19:50:00 UTC
14:50:00 EST
STS-51-C

 Discovery 5 03 hari 01 jam LC-39A Kennedy [28][54][55]
16 12 April 1985
13:59:05 UTC
08:59:05 EST
STS-51-D

 Discovery 7 06 hari 23 jam LC-39A Kennedy [56][57]
17 29 April 1985
16:02:18 UTC
12:02:18 EDT
STS-51-B

 Challenger 7 07 hari 00 jam LC-39A Edwards
  • First mission with Spacelab module in a fully operational configuration
  • Conducted experiments in microgravity
 [58][59]
18 17 Juni 1985
11:33:00 UTC
07:33:00 EDT
STS-51-G

 Discovery 7 07 hari 01 jam LC-39A Edwards [60][61]
19 29 Juli 1985
22:00:00 UTC
18:00:00 EDT
STS-51-F

 Challenger 7 07 hari 22 jam LC-39A Edwards
  • Spacelab mission
  • Abort to Orbit. Faulty temperature sensor incorrectly indicated that fuel turbine discharge temperature exceeded the limit. Therefore, one main engine was shut down at T+345 s, resulting in a much lower orbit than planned.
  • All mission objectives achieved
 [62][63]
20 27 Agustus 1985
10:58:01 UTC
06:58:01 EDT
STS-51-I

 Discovery 5 07 hari 02 jam LC-39A Edwards [64][65]
21 3 Oktober 1985
15:15:30 UTC
11:15:30 EDT
STS-51-J

 Atlantis 5 04 hari 01 jam LC-39A Edwards [28][66][67]
22 30 Oktober 1985
17:00:00 UTC
12:00:00 EST
STS-61-A

 Challenger 8 07 hari 00 jam LC-39A Edwards
  • Largest crew on a spaceflight
  • Third flight of Spacelab
  • Spacelab-D1 microgravity experiments
  • Mission funded by West Germany
  • Last successful mission of Challenger
  • First Dutchman in space, Wubbo Ockels
 [68][69]
23 26 November 1985
24:29:00 UTC
19:29:00 EST
STS-61-B

 Atlantis 7 06 hari 21 jam LC-39A Edwards [70][71]
24 12 Januari 1986
11:55:00 UTC
06:55:00 EST
STS-61-C

 Columbia 7 06 hari 02 jam LC-39A Edwards [72][73]
25 28 Januari 1986
16:38:00 UTC
11:38:00 EST
STS-51-L

 Challenger 7 00 hari 00 jam 01 menit 13 detik LC-39B Did not land [b] [74][75]
26 29 September 1988
15:37:00 UTC
11:37:00 EDT
STS-26

 Discovery 5 04 hari 01 jam LC-39B Edwards
  • Tracking and data relay satellite (TDRS-C) deployment
  • First post-Challenger flight
 [76][77]
27 2 Desember 1988
14:30:34 UTC
09:30:34 EST
STS-27

 Atlantis 5 04 hari 09 jam LC-39B Edwards
  • Third classified DoD mission
  • Lacrosse 1 deployment
  • Heavy damage to the thermal protection system resulted in extreme heat damage to the right wing
 [28][78][79][80]
28 13 Maret 1989
14:57:00 UTC
09:57:00 EST
STS-29

 Discovery 5 04 hari 23 jam LC-39B Edwards
  • Tracking and data relay satellite (TDRS-D) deployment
  • IMAX camera
  • Space Station Heat Pipe Advanced Radiator Element I space station radiator experiment
 [81][82]
29 4 Mei 1989
18:46:59 UTC
14:46:59 EDT
STS-30

 Atlantis 5 04 hari 00 jam LC-39B Edwards [83][84]
30 8 Agustus 1989
12:37:00 UTC
08:37:00 EDT
STS-28

 Columbia 5 05 hari 01 jam LC-39B Edwards [28][85][86]
31 18 Oktober 1989
16:53:40 UTC
12:53:40 EDT
STS-34

 Atlantis 5 04 hari 23 jam LC-39B Edwards [87][88]
32 22 November 1989
24:23:30 UTC
19:23:30 EST
STS-33

 Discovery 5 05 hari 00 jam LC-39B Edwards
  • Fifth classified DoD mission
  • Deployment of Magnum
 [28][89][90]
33 9 Januari 1990
12:35:00 UTC
07:35:00 EST
STS-32

 Columbia 5 10 hari 21 jam LC-39A Edwards [91][92]
34 28 Februari 1990
07:50:22 UTC
02:50:22 EST
STS-36

 Atlantis 5 04 hari 10 jam LC-39A Edwards [28][93][94]
35 24 April 1990
12:33:51 UTC
08:33:51 EDT
STS-31

 Discovery 5 05 hari 01 jam LC-39B Edwards [95][96]
36 6 Oktober 1990
11:47:15 UTC
07:47:15 EDT
STS-41

 Discovery 5 04 hari 02 jam LC-39B Edwards [97][98]
37 15 November 1990
23:48:15 UTC
18:48:15 EST
STS-38

 Atlantis 5 04 hari 21 jam LC-39A Kennedy
  • Seventh classified DoD mission
  • Likely SDS2-2 deployed
 [28][99][100]
38 2 Desember 1990
06:49:01 UTC
01:49:01 EST
STS-35

 Columbia 7 08 hari 23 jam LC-39B Edwards
  • Use of ASTRO-1 observatory
 [101][102]
39 5 April 1991
14:22:45 UTC
09:22:45 EST
STS-37

 Atlantis 5 05 hari 23 jam LC-39B Edwards [103][104]
40 28 April 1991
11:33:14 UTC
07:33:14 EDT
STS-39

 Discovery 7 08 hari 07 jam LC-39A Kennedy
  • First unclassified DoD mission
  • Military science experiments
 [28][105][106]
41 5 Juni 1991
13:24:51 UTC
09:24:51 EDT
STS-40

 Columbia 7 09 hari 02 jam LC-39B Edwards [107][108]
42 2 Agustus 1991
15:02:00 UTC
11:02:00 EDT
STS-43

 Atlantis 5 08 hari 21 jam LC-39A Kennedy
  • Tracking and data relay satellite (TDRS-E) deployment
 [109][110]
43 12 September 1991
23:11:04 UTC
19:11:04 EDT
STS-48

 Discovery 5 05 hari 08 jam LC-39A Edwards [111][112]
44 24 November 1991
23:44:00 UTC
18:44:00 EST
STS-44

 Atlantis 6 06 hari 22 jam LC-39A Edwards [113][114]
45 22 Januari 1992
14:52:33 UTC
09:52:33 EST
STS-42

 Discovery 7 08 hari 01 jam LC-39A Edwards [115][116]
46 24 Maret 1992
13:13:40 UTC
08:13:40 EST
STS-45

 Atlantis 7 08 hari 22 jam LC-39A Kennedy
  • Platform sains ATLAS-1
 [117][118]
47 7 Mei 1992
23:40:00 UTC
19:40:00 EDT
STS-49

 Endeavour 7 08 hari 21 jam LC-39B Edwards
  • Penangkapan Intelsat VI dengan tangan dan perbaikan satelit tersebut
  • Penerbangan pertama Endeavour
  • Extravehicular activity pertama yang dilakukan oleh 3 orang
  • Eksperimen pembangunan stasiun luar angkasa dengan metode EVA Methods (ASEM)
 [119][120]
48 25 Juni 1992
16:12:23 UTC
12:12:23 EDT
STS-50

 Columbia 7 13 hari 19 jam LC-39A Kennedy [121][122]
49 31 Juli 1992
13:56:48 UTC
09:56:48 EDT
STS-46

 Atlantis 7 07 hari 23 jam LC-39B Kennedy [123][124]
50 12 September 1992
14:23:00 UTC
10:23:00 EDT
STS-47

 Endeavour 7 07 hari 22 jam LC-39B Kennedy
  • Spacelab-J
  • Penerbangan pertama bagi wanita berdarah Afrika-Amerika, Mae Jemison
  • Misi yang didanai oleh Jepang
 [125][126]
51 22 Oktober 1992
17:09:39 UTC
13:09:39 EDT
STS-52

 Columbia 6 09 hari 20 jam LC-39B Kennedy
  • Peluncuran LAGEOS II
  • Eksperimen di kondisi mikrogravitasi
 [127][128]
52 2 Desember 1992
13:24:00 UTC
08:24:00 EST
STS-53

 Discovery 5 07 hari 07 jam LC-39A Edwards
  • Misi semi-rahasia ke-10 dan terakhir untuk DoD
  • Kemungkinan meluncurkan satelit SDS2
 [28][129][130]
53 13 Januari 1993
13:59:30 UTC
08:59:30 EST
STS-54

 Endeavour 5 05 hari 23 jam LC-39B Kennedy
  • Peluncuran Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS-F)
 [131][132]
54 8 April 1993
05:29:00 UTC
01:29:00 EDT
STS-56

 Discovery 5 09 hari 06 jam LC-39B Kennedy
  • Platform sains ATLAS-2
 [133][134]
55 26 April 1993
14:50:00 UTC
10:50:00 EDT
STS-55

 Columbia 7 09 hari 23 jam LC-39A Edwards
  • Spacelab-D2
  • Misi yang didanai oleh Jerman
 [135][136]
56 21 Juni 1993
13:07:22 UTC
09:07:22 EDT
STS-57

 Endeavour 6 09 hari 23 jam LC-39B Kennedy [137][138]
57 12 September 1993
11:45:00 UTC
07:45:00 EDT
STS-51

 Discovery 5 09 hari 20 jam LC-39B Kennedy
  • Peluncuran ACTS
  • Orbiting Retrievable Far and Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrometer dengan menggunakan kamera IMAX
 [139][140]
58 18 Oktober 1993
14:53:10 UTC
10:53:10 EDT
STS-58

 Columbia 7 14 hari 00 jam LC-39B Edwards [141][142]
59 2 Desember 1993
09:27:00 UTC
04:27:00 EST
STS-61

 Endeavour 7 10 hari 19 jam LC-39B Kennedy [143][144]
60 3 Februari 1994
12:10:00 UTC
07:10:00 EST
STS-60

 Discovery 6 07 hari 06 jam LC-39A Kennedy [145][146]
61 4 Maret 1994
13:53:00 UTC
08:53:00 EST
STS-62

 Columbia 5 13 hari 23 jam LC-39B Kennedy
  • Eksperimen di kondisi mikrogravitasi
 [147][148]
62 9 April 1994
11:05:00 UTC
07:05:00 EDT
STS-59

 Endeavour 6 11 hari 05 jam LC-39A Edwards
  • Eksperimen menggunakan Shuttle Radar Laboratory-1
 [149][150]
63 8 Juli 1994
04:43:00 UTC
00:43:00 EDT
STS-65

 Columbia 7 14 hari 17 jam LC-39A Kennedy [151][152]
64 9 September 1994
22:22:05 UTC
18:22:05 EDT
STS-64

 Discovery 6 10 hari 22 jam LC-39B Edwards
  • Beberapa eksperimen sains
  • SPARTAN
 [153][154]
65 30 September 1994
11:16:00 UTC
07:16:00 EDT
STS-68

 Endeavour 6 11 hari 05 jam LC-39A Edwards
  • Eksperimen yang dilakukan di dalam Space Radar Laboratory-2
 [155][156]
66 3 November 1994
16:59:43 UTC
11:59:43 EST
STS-66

 Atlantis 6 10 hari 22 jam LC-39B Edwards
  • Platform sains ATLAS-3
 [157][158]
67 3 Februari 1995
05:22:04 UTC
00:22:04 EST
STS-63

 Discovery 6 08 hari 06 jam LC-39B Kennedy [159][160]
68 2 Maret 1995
06:38:13 UTC
01:38:13 EST
STS-67

 Endeavour 7 16 hari 15 jam LC-39A Edwards
  • Peluncuran ASTRO-2
 [161][162]
69 27 Juni 1995
19:32:19 UTC
15:32:19 EDT
STS-71

 Atlantis 7/8 09 hari 19 jam LC-39A Kennedy
  • Misi berlabuh Shuttle-Mir pertama
 [163][164]
70 13 Juli 1995
13:41:55 UTC
09:41:55 EDT
STS-70

 Discovery 5 08 hari 22 jam LC-39B Kennedy
  • Peluncuran Tracking and Data Relay Satellite (TDRS-G)
 [165][166]
71 7 September 1995
15:09:00 UTC
11:09:00 EDT
STS-69

 Endeavour 5 10 hari 20 jam LC-39A Kennedy [167][168]
72 20 Oktober 1995
13:53:00 UTC
09:53:00 EDT
STS-73

 Columbia 7 15 hari 21 jam LC-39B Kennedy [169][170]
73 12 November 1995
12:30:43 UTC
07:30:43 EST
STS-74

 Atlantis 5 08 hari 04 jam LC-39A Kennedy
  • Misi berlabuh Shuttle-Mir kedua
  • Mengirimkan modul berlabuh
  • Mengirimkan kamera IMAX
 [171][172]
74 11 Januari 1996
09:41:00 UTC
04:41:00 EST
STS-72

 Endeavour 6 08 hari 22 jam LC-39B Kennedy [173][174]
75 22 Februari 1996
20:18:00 UTC
15:18:00 EST
STS-75

 Columbia 7 15 hari 17 jam LC-39B Kennedy
  • Penerbangan kembali satelit dengan pengait, namun gagal karena kerusakan pengait
 [175][176]
76 22 Maret 1996
08:13:04 UTC
03:13:04 EST
STS-76

 Atlantis 6/5 09 hari 05 jam LC-39B Edwards
  • Misi berlabuh Shuttle-Mir
 [177][178]
77 19 Mei 1996
10:30:00 UTC
06:30:00 EDT
STS-77

 Endeavour 6 10 hari 00 jam LC-39B Kennedy [179][180]
78 20 Juni 1996
14:49:00 UTC
10:49:00 EDT
STS-78

 Columbia 7 16 hari 21 jam LC-39B Kennedy [181][182]
79 16 September 1996
08:54:49 UTC
04:54:49 EDT
STS-79

 Atlantis 6/6 10 hari 03 jam LC-39A Kennedy
  • Misi berlabuh Shuttle-Mir
 [183][184]
80 19 November 1996
19:55:47 UTC
14:55:47 EST
STS-80

 Columbia 5 17 hari 15 jam LC-39B Kennedy
  • Wake Shield Facility
  • Orbiting and Retrievable Far and Extreme Ultraviolet Spectrometer-Shuttle Pallet Satellite (ORFEUS) II
 [185][186]
81 12 Januari 1997
09:27:23 UTC
04:27:23 EST
STS-81

 Atlantis 6/6 10 hari 04 jam LC-39B Kennedy
  • Misi berlabuh Shuttle-Mir
 [187][188]
82 11 Februari 1997
08:55:17 UTC
03:55:17 EST
STS-82

 Discovery 7 09 hari 23 jam LC-39A Kennedy [189][190]
83 4 April 1997
19:20:32 UTC
14:20:32 EST
STS-83

 Columbia 7 03 hari 23 jam LC-39A Kennedy
  • Misi Spacelab
  • Durasi misi diperpendek karena masalah pada sel bahan bakar
 [191][192]
84 15 Mei 1997
08:07:48 UTC
04:07:48 EDT
STS-84

 Atlantis 7/7 09 hari 05 jam LC-39A Kennedy
  • Misi berlabuh Shuttle-Mir
 [193][194]
85 1 Juli 1997
18:02:00 UTC
14:02:00 EDT
STS-94

 Columbia 7 15 hari 16 jam LC-39A Kennedy [195][196]
86 7 Agustus 1997
14:41:00 UTC
10:41:00 EDT
STS-85

 Discovery 6 11 hari 20 jam LC-39A Kennedy
  • Deployed and retrieved Cryogenic Infrared Spectrometers and Telescopes for the Atmosphere-Shuttle Pallet Satellite-2 (CRISTA-SPAS)
 [197][198]
87 25 September 1997
14:34:19 UTC
10:34:19 EDT
STS-86

 Atlantis 7/7 10 hari 19 jam LC-39A Kennedy
  • Misi berlabuh Shuttle-Mir
 [199][200]
88 19 November 1997
19:46:00 UTC
14:46:00 EST
STS-87

 Columbia 6 15 hari 16 jam LC-39B Kennedy [201][202]
89 22 Januari 1998
02:48:15 UTC[c]
21:48:15 EST
STS-89

 Endeavour 7/7 08 hari 19 jam LC-39A Kennedy
  • Misi berlabuh Shuttle-Mir
 [203][204]
90 17 April 1998
18:19:00 UTC
14:19:00 EDT
STS-90

 Columbia 7 15 hari 21 jam LC-39B Kennedy [205][206]
91 2 Juni 1998
22:06:24 UTC
18:06:24 EDT
STS-91

 Discovery 6/7 09 hari 19 jam LC-39A Kennedy
  • Misi berlabuh Shuttle-Mir terakhir
 [207][208]
92 29 Oktober 1998
19:19:34 UTC
14:19:34 EST
STS-95

 Discovery 7 08 hari 21 jam LC-39B Kennedy [209][210]
93 4 Desember 1998
08:35:34 UTC
03:35:34 EST
STS-88

 Endeavour 6 11 hari 19 jam LC-39A Kennedy [211][212]
94 27 Mei 1999
10:49:42 UTC
06:49:42 EDT
STS-96

 Discovery 7 09 hari 19 jam LC-39B Kennedy [213][214]
95 23 Juli 1999
04:31:00 UTC
00:31:00 EDT
STS-93

 Columbia 5 04 hari 22 jam LC-39B Kennedy [215][216]
96 19 Desember 1999
24:50:00 UTC
19:50:00 EST
STS-103

 Discovery 7 07 hari 23 jam LC-39B Kennedy [217][218]
97 11 Februari 2000
16:43:40 UTC
12:43:40 EDT
STS-99

 Endeavour 6 11 hari 05 jam LC-39A Kennedy [219][220]
98 19 Mei 2000
10:11:10 UTC
06:11:10 EDT
STS-101

 Atlantis 7 09 hari 21 jam LC-39A Kennedy [221][222]
99 8 September 2000
12:45:47 UTC
08:45:47 EDT
STS-106

 Atlantis 7 11 hari 19 jam LC-39B Kennedy [223][224]
100 11 Oktober 2000
23:17:00 UTC
18:17:00 EST
STS-92

 Discovery 7 12 hari 21 jam LC-39A Edwards [225][226]
101 30 November 2000
03:06:01 UTC[c]
22:06:01 EST
STS-97

 Endeavour 5 10 hari 19 jam LC-39B Kennedy [227][228]
102 7 Februari 2001
23:13:02 UTC
18:13:02 EST
STS-98

 Atlantis 5 12 hari 21 jam LC-39A Edwards [229][230]
103 8 Maret 2001
11:42:09 UTC
06:42:09 EST
STS-102

 Discovery 7/7 12 hari 19 jam LC-39B Kennedy
  • Suplai dan pergantian awak ISS
 [231][232]
104 19 April 2001
18:40:42 UTC
14:40:42 EDT
STS-100

 Endeavour 7 11 hari 21 jam LC-39A Edwards [233][234]
105 12 Juli 2001
09:03:59 UTC
05:03:59 EDT
STS-104

 Atlantis 5 12 hari 18 jam LC-39B Kennedy [235][236]
106 10 Agustus 2001
21:10:14 UTC
17:10:14 EDT
STS-105

 Discovery 7/7 11 hari 21 jam LC-39A Kennedy
  • Suplai dan pergantian awak ISS
 [237][238]
107 5 Desember 2001
22:19:28 UTC
17:19:28 EST
STS-108

 Endeavour 7/7 11 hari 19 jam LC-39B Kennedy
  • Suplai dan pergantian awak ISS
 [239][240]
108 1 Maret 2002
11:22:02 UTC
06:22:02 EST
STS-109

 Columbia 7 10 hari 22 jam LC-39A Kennedy [241][242]
109 8 April 2002
20:44:19 UTC
16:44:19 EDT
STS-110

 Atlantis 7 10 hari 19 jam LC-39B Kennedy [243][244]
110 5 Juni 2002
21:22:49 UTC
17:22:49 EDT
STS-111

 Endeavour 7/7 13 hari 20 jam LC-39A Edwards [245][246]
111 7 Oktober 2002
19:45:51 UTC
15:45:51 EDT
STS-112

 Atlantis 6 10 hari 19 jam LC-39B Kennedy [247][248]
112 23 November 2002
00:49:47 UTC[c]
19:49:47 EST
STS-113

 Endeavour 7/7 13 hari 18 jam LC-39A Kennedy [249][250]
113 16 Januari 2003
15:39:00 UTC
10:39:00 EST
STS-107

 Columbia 7 15 hari 22 jam LC-39A Tidak mendarat[b] [251][252]
114 26 Juli 2005
14:39:00 UTC
10:39:00 EDT
STS-114

 Discovery 7 13 hari 21 jam LC-39B Edwards
  • Misi pertama sejak kecelakaan Columbia
  • Penerbangan uji dan evaluasi keamanan
  • Suplai dan perbaikan ISS
  • MPLM Raffaello
 [253][254]
115 4 Juli 2006
18:37:55 UTC
14:37:55 EDT
STS-121

 Discovery 7/6 12 hari 18 jam LC-39B Kennedy
  • ISS Flight ULF1.1: suplai dan pergantian awak
  • MPLM Leonardo
 [255][256]
116 9 September 2006
15:14:55 UTC
11:14:55 EDT
STS-115

 Atlantis 6 11 hari 19 jam LC-39B Kennedy [257][258]
117 9 Desember 2006
24:47:35 UTC
20:47:35 EDT
STS-116

 Discovery 7/7 12 hari 21 jam LC-39B Kennedy [259][260]
118 8 Juni 2007
23:38:04 UTC
19:38:04 EDT
STS-117

 Atlantis 7/7 13 hari 20 jam LC-39A Edwards [261][262]
119 8 Agustus 2007
22:36:42 UTC
18:36:42 EDT
STS-118

 Endeavour 7 12 hari 18 jam LC-39A Kennedy [263][264]
120 23 Oktober 2007
03:38:19 UTC[c]
11:38:19 EDT
STS-120

 Discovery 7/7 15 hari 02 jam LC-39A Kennedy [265][266]
121 7 Februari 2008
19:45:30 UTC
14:45:30 EST
STS-122

 Atlantis 7/7 12 hari 18 jam LC-39A Kennedy [267][268]
122 11 Maret 2008
06:28:14 UTC
02:28:14 EDT
STS-123

 Endeavour 7/7 15 hari 18 jam LC-39A Kennedy [269][270]
123 31 Mei 2008
21:02:12 UTC
17:02:12 EDT
STS-124

 Discovery 7/7 13 hari 18 jam LC-39A Kennedy [271][272]
124 14 November 2008
24:55:39 UTC
19:55:39 EST
STS-126

 Endeavour 7/7 15 hari 20 jam LC-39A Edwards [273][274]
125 15 Maret 2009
23:43:44 UTC
19:43:44 EDT
STS-119

 Discovery 7/7 12 hari 19 jam LC-39A Kennedy [275][276]
126 11 Mei 2009
18:01:56 UTC
14:01:56 EDT
STS-125

 Atlantis 7 12 hari 21 jam LC-39A Edwards [277][278][279]
127 15 Juli 2009
22:03:10 UTC
18:03:10 EDT
STS-127

 Endeavour 7/7 15 hari 16 jam LC-39A Kennedy
  • ISS assembly flight 2J/A: Japanese Experiment Modules Exposed Facility (EF) dan ELM ES
 [280][281]
128 28 Agustus 2009
03:59:37 UTC[c]
23:59:37 EDT
STS-128

 Discovery 7/7 13 hari 21 jam LC-39A Edwards [282][283]
129 16 November 2009
19:28:01 UTC
14:28:01 EST
STS-129

 Atlantis 6/7 10 hari 19 jam LC-39A Kennedy [284][285]
130 8 Februari 2010
09:14:07 UTC
04:14:07 EST
STS-130

 Endeavour 6 13 hari 18 jam LC-39A Kennedy [286][287]
131 5 April 2010
10:21:25 UTC
06:21:25 EDT
STS-131

 Discovery 7 15 hari 03 jam LC-39A Kennedy [288][289]
132 14 Mei 2010
18:20:09 UTC
14:20:09 EDT
STS-132

 Atlantis 6 11 hari 18 jam LC-39A Kennedy [290][291]
133 24 Februari 2011
21:53:24 UTC
16:53:24 EST
STS-133

 Discovery 6 12 hari 19 jam LC-39A Kennedy [292][293]
134 16 Mei 2011
12:56:28 UTC
08:56:28 EDT
STS-134

 Endeavour 6 15 hari 18 jam LC-39A Kennedy [294][295]
135 8 Juli 2011
15:29:04 UTC
11:29:04 EDT
STS-135

 Atlantis 4 12 hari 18 jam LC-39A Kennedy [296][297][298]


Misi yang dibatalkan

Satu misi sub-orbital untuk menguji sistem pembatalan misi (RTLS) dibatalkan karena berisiko tinggi. Banyak misi lain yang direncanakan kemudian dibatalkan karena keterlambatan pengembangan pesawat ulang-alik dan bencana Challenger dan <i id="mwE8k">Columbia</i> .

Durasi dari empat misi dipangkas satu hari atau lebih saat berada di orbit: STS-2 (kegagalan peralatan),[22] STS-35 (cuaca),[101] STS-44 (kegagalan peralatan),[192] dan STS-83 (Kegagalan peralatan, diluncurkan kembali sebagai STS-94).[192]

Misi penyelamatan

Atlantis dan Endeavour di LC-39A dan LC-39B. Endeavour akan meluncur pada misi penyelamatan STS-400 seandainya Atlantis (STS-125) tidak memungkinkan untuk dapat kembali ke Bumi dengan .

STS-300 adalah designasi untuk misi Peluncuran Pesawat Ulang-Alik Jika Dibutuhkan (Launch On Need, LON) yang akan diluncurkan dalam waktu singkat untuk STS-114 dan STS-121 apabila pesawat ulang-alik pada misi tersebut menjadi cacat atau rusak dan tidak dapat kembali ke Bumi dengan selamat.[299][300][301] Penerbangan penyelamatan untuk STS-115, adalah STS-301. Setelah STS-115, penunjukan misi penyelamatan didasarkan pada misi reguler terkait yang akan dialihkan jika misi penyelamatan diperlukan. Misalnya, misi penyelamatan STS-116 diberi designasi STS-317 karena misi normal yang dijadwalkan setelah STS-116 adalah STS-117. Jika misi penyelamatan diperlukan, kru dan kendaraan untuk STS-117 akan mengambil profil misi penyelamatan dan menjadi STS-317. Semua misi penyelamatan akan diluncurkan dengan empat awak, dan akan kembali dengan sepuluh atau sebelas anggota awak, tergantung pada jumlah awak yang diluncurkan pada pesawat ulang-alik yang diselamatkan. Misi diharapkan berlangsung sekitar sebelas hari. Tidak ada misi penyelamatan yang pernah diterbangkan.[302]

Misi Misi penyelamatan
STS-114 (Discovery) STS-300 (Atlantis)
STS-121 (Discovery) STS-300 (Atlantis)
STS-115 (Atlantis) STS-301 (Discovery)
STS-116 (Discovery) STS-317 (Atlantis)
STS-117 (Atlantis) STS-318 (Endeavour)
STS-118 (Endeavour) STS-322 (Discovery)
STS-120 (Discovery) STS-320 (Atlantis)[d]
STS-122 (Atlantis) STS-323 (Discovery)[e]
STS-123 (Endeavour) STS-324 (Discovery)
STS-124 (Discovery) STS-326 (Endeavour)
STS-125 (Atlantis) STS-400 (Endeavour)
STS-134 (Endeavour) STS-335 (Atlantis)

Statistik penerbangan

Pesawat ulang-alik

Simbol
double-dagger   Kendaraan uji coba
dagger   Hancur saat misi
Pesawat ulang-alik Designasi Jumlah misi Durasi total misi Jumlah orbit Durasi misi terlama Penerbangan pertama Penerbangan terakhir Jumlah misi berlabuh dengan MIR/ISS Sumber
Misi Tanggal Misi Tanggal
Enterprise double-dagger OV-101 5 00 hari 00 jam 19 m 0 00 hari 00 jam 05 menit ALT-12 12 Agustus 1977 ALT-16 26 Oktober 1977 – / – [304][305][306][307]
Columbia dagger OV-102 28 300 hari 17 jam 47 menit 15 detik 4,808 17 hari 15 jam 53 menit 18 detik STS-1 12 April 1981 STS-107 16 Januari 2003 0/0 [304][308][309][310]
Challenger dagger OV-099 10 62 hari 07 jam 56 menit 15 detik 995 08 hari 05 jam 23 menit 33 detik STS-6 4 April 1983 STS-51-L 28 Januari 1986 0/0 [304][311][312]
Discovery OV-103 39 364 hari 22 jam 39 menit 29 detik 5,830 15 hari 02 jam 48 menit 08 detik STS-41-D 30 Agustus 1984 STS-133 24 Februari 2011 1/13 [304][313] [314]
Atlantis OV-104 33 306 hari 14 jam 12 menit 43 detik 4,848 13 hari 20 jam 12 menit 44 detik STS-51-J 3 Oktober 1985 STS-135 8 Juli 2011 7/12 [304][315][316]
Endeavour OV-105 25 296 hari 03 jam 34 menit 02 detik 4,677 16 hari 15 jam 08 menit 48 detik STS-49 7 Mei 1992 STS-134 16 Mei 2011 1/12 [304][317] [318]
Total — 135 1330 hari 18 jam 9 menit 44 detik 21,158 — — — — — 9 / 37 —

Garis waktu misi pesawat ulang-alik

Garis waktu pasca kecelakaan Columbia

STS-134STS-130STS-127STS-126STS-123STS-118STS-133STS-131STS-128STS-119STS-124STS-120STS-116STS-121STS-114STS-135STS-129STS-132STS-129STS-125STS-122STS-117STS-115

Garis waktu lengkap

STS-134STS-130STS-127STS-126STS-123STS-118STS-113STS-111STS-108STS-100STS-97STS-99STS-88STS-89STS-77STS-72STS-69STS-67STS-68STS-59STS-61STS-57STS-54STS-47STS-49STS-133STS-131STS-128STS-119STS-124STS-120STS-116STS-121STS-114STS-105STS-102STS-92STS-103STS-96STS-95STS-91STS-85STS-82STS-70STS-63STS-64STS-60STS-51STS-56STS-53STS-42STS-48STS-39STS-41STS-31STS-33STS-29STS-26STS-51-ISTS-51-GSTS-51-DSTS-51-CSTS-51-ASTS-41-DSTS-107STS-109STS-93STS-90STS-87STS-94STS-83STS-80STS-78STS-75STS-73STS-65STS-62STS-58STS-55STS-52STS-50STS-40STS-35STS-32STS-28STS-61-CSTS-9STS-5STS-4STS-3STS-2STS-1STS-51-LSTS-61-ASTS-51-FSTS-51-BSTS-41-GSTS-41-CSTS-41-BSTS-8STS-7STS-6STS-135STS-129STS-125STS-122STS-117STS-115STS-112STS-110STS-104STS-98STS-106STS-101STS-86STS-84STS-81STS-79STS-76STS-74STS-71STS-66STS-46STS-45STS-44STS-43STS-37STS-38STS-36STS-34STS-30STS-27STS-61-BSTS-51-J

Catatan

  1. ^ Apabila terdapat dua angka pada kolom ini, angka pertama menunjukkan jumlah awak saat peluncuran dan angka kedua menunjukkan jumlah awak saat pendaratan. Apabila terdapat dua angka yang sama, maka telah terjadi pergantian awak selama misi berlangsung.
  2. ^ a b This shuttle was intended to land at Kennedy.
  3. ^ a b c d e The listed UTC time occurs the next day.
  4. ^ NASA menyebut misi ini sebagai STS-320, bukan STS-321.[301]
  5. ^ Rencana awal menggunakan Endeavour, namun diubah ke Discovery karena masalah kontaminasi.[303]

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