Titanium dioksida: Perbedaan antara revisi
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yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf 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dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrtyAaaaaaaaaaactuuctf yfxjttdfjdfuttdfutdjxtfjxjfxnfgxfyhdbfgctdr erg er dyrtt Greer et he5d5j6 5j65 jr7t ryj rtjydtyjchfytt Rhys thychrty |
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| Verifiedfields = changed |
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| Watchedfields = changed |
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| verifiedrevid = 476992554 |
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| Name = Titanium dioksida |
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| ImageFile = Titanium(IV)_oxide.jpg |
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| ImageSize = |
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| ImageName = Titanium(IV) oksida |
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| ImageFile1 = Rutile-unit-cell-3D-balls.png |
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| ImageSize1 = |
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| ImageName1 = Sel penyusun titanium dioksida |
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| IUPACName = Titanium dioksida<br />Titanium(IV) oksida |
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| OtherNames = Titania<br/>[[Rutil]]<br/>[[Anatase]]<br/>[[Brukit]] |
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|Section1={{Chembox Identifiers |
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| ChemSpiderID_Ref = {{chemspidercite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| ChemSpiderID = 24256 |
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| UNII_Ref = {{fdacite|correct|FDA}} |
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| UNII = 15FIX9V2JP |
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| ChEMBL_Ref = {{ebicite|changed|EBI}} |
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| ChEMBL = 1201136 |
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| InChI = 1/2O.Ti/rO2Ti/c1-3-2 |
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| InChIKey = GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-TYTSCOISAW |
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| ChEBI_Ref = {{ebicite|correct|EBI}} |
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| ChEBI = 32234 |
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| SMILES = O=[Ti]=O |
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| StdInChI_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChI = 1S/2O.Ti |
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| StdInChIKey_Ref = {{stdinchicite|correct|chemspider}} |
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| StdInChIKey = GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
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| CASNo = 13463-67-7 |
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| CASNo_Ref = {{cascite|correct|CAS}} |
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| PubChem = 26042 |
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| RTECS = XR2775000 |
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| KEGG_Ref = {{keggcite|changed|kegg}} |
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| KEGG = C13409 |
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}} |
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|Section2={{Chembox Properties |
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| Formula = {{chem|TiO|2}} |
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| MolarMass = 79,866 g/mol |
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| Appearance = Putih padat |
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| Odor = Tidak berbau |
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| Density = 4,23 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (rutil) |
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3,78 g/cm<sup>3</sup> (anatase) |
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| MeltingPtC = 1843 |
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| BoilingPtC = 2972 |
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| Solubility = Tidak larut air |
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| BandGap = 3,05 eV (rutil)<ref name=Nowotny>{{cite book |title=Oxide Semiconductors for Solar Energy Conversion: Titanium Dioxide |last=Nowotny |first=Janusz |date=2011 |publisher=CRC Press |isbn=9781439848395 |page=156 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=AlTVUs3IlEwC&pg=PA156}}</ref> |
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| RefractIndex = 2,488 (anatase) <br> 2,583 (brookite) <br> 2,609 (rutil) |
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| MagSus = +5,9·10<sup>−6</sup> cm<sup>3</sup>/mol |
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}} |
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|Section4={{Chembox Thermochemistry |
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| DeltaHf = −945 kJ·mol<sup>−1</sup><ref name=b1>{{cite book| author = Zumdahl, Steven S.|title =Chemical Principles, Edisi Ke-6| publisher = Houghton Mifflin Company| year = 2009| isbn = 0-618-94690-X|page=A23}}</ref> |
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| Entropy = 50 J·mol<sup>−1</sup>·K<sup>−1</sup><ref name=b1/> |
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}} |
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|Section7={{Chembox Hazards |
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| ExternalSDS = [http://www.inchem.org/documents/icsc/icsc/eics0338.htm ICSC 0338] |
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| EUClass = Tidak terdaftar |
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| NFPA-H = 1 |
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| NFPA-F = 0 |
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| NFPA-R = 0 |
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| NFPA-S = |
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| FlashPt = Tidak mudah terbakar |
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| IDLH = Ca [5000 mg/m<sup>3</sup>] |
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| REL = Ca |
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| PEL = TWA 15 mg/m<sup>3</sup> |
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}} |
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|Section8={{Chembox Related |
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| OtherAnions = |
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| OtherCations = [[Zirkonium dioksida]]<br/>[[Hafnium dioksida]] |
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| OtherFunction = [[Titanium(II) oksida]]<br/>[[Titanium(III) oksida]]<br/>[[Titanium(III,IV) oksida]] |
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| OtherFunction_label = [[titanium]] [[oksida]] |
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| OtherCompounds = [[Asam titanium]] |
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}} |
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}} |
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'''Titanium dioksida''', disebut juga '''titanium(IV) oksida''' atau '''titania''', adalah [[oksida]] [[titanium]] yang muncul secara alami dengan rumus kimia {{chem|TiO|2}}. Umumnya, senyawa ini didapat dari [[ilmenit]], [[rutil]], dan [[anatase]]. Titanium dioksida dimanfaatkan secara luas untuk berbagai keperluan seperti [[cat]], [[pelindung sinar matahari]], dan [[pewarna makanan]]. Apabila digunakan sebagai [[pigmen]], senyawa ini disebut '''putih titanium''', '''Pigment White 6 (PW6)''', atau '''[[Indeks Warna Internasional|CI 77891]]'''. Adapun sebagai pewarna makanan, senyawa ini memiliki [[nomor E]] E171. Pada tahun [[2014]], senyawa ini diproduksi sebanyak lebih dari 9 juta metrik ton di seluruh belahan dunia.<ref>[http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/commodity/titanium/myb1-2014-titan.pdf "Titanium"] dalam ''2014 Minerals Yearbook'', US Geological Survey.</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/mcs/2015/mcs2015.pdf|title=Mineral Commodity Summaries, 2015|last=|first=|date=|website=US Geological Survey|publisher=US Geological Survey 2015|access-date=}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=http://minerals.usgs.gov/minerals/pubs/mcs/2016/mcs2016.pdf|title=Mineral Commodity Summaries, January 2016|last=|first=|date=|website=US Geological Survey|publisher=US Geological Survey 2016|access-date=}}</ref> |
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== Referensi == |
== Referensi == |
Revisi per 9 Juli 2020 23.56
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Nama | |
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Nama IUPAC
Titanium dioksida
Titanium(IV) oksida | |
Nama lain | |
Penanda | |
Model 3D (JSmol)
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3DMet | {{{3DMet}}} |
ChEBI | |
ChEMBL | |
ChemSpider | |
Nomor EC | |
KEGG | |
PubChem CID
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Nomor RTECS | {{{value}}} |
UNII | |
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)
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Sifat | |
TiO2 | |
Massa molar | 79,866 g/mol |
Penampilan | Putih padat |
Bau | Tidak berbau |
Densitas | 4,23 g/cm3 (rutil)
3,78 g/cm3 (anatase) |
Titik lebur | 1.843 °C (3.349 °F; 2.116 K) |
Titik didih | 2.972 °C (5.382 °F; 3.245 K) |
Tidak larut air | |
Celah pita | 3,05 eV (rutil)[1] |
+5,9·10−6 cm3/mol | |
Indeks bias (nD) | 2,488 (anatase) 2,583 (brookite) 2,609 (rutil) |
Termokimia | |
Entropi molar standar (S |
50 J·mol−1·K−1[2] |
Entalpi pembentukan standar (ΔfH |
−945 kJ·mol−1[2] |
Bahaya | |
Lembar data keselamatan | ICSC 0338 |
Klasifikasi UE (DSD) (usang)
|
Tidak terdaftar |
Titik nyala | Tidak mudah terbakar |
Batas imbas kesehatan AS (NIOSH): | |
PEL (yang diperbolehkan)
|
TWA 15 mg/m3 |
REL (yang direkomendasikan)
|
Ca |
IDLH (langsung berbahaya)
|
Ca [5000 mg/m3] |
Senyawa terkait | |
Kation lainnya
|
Zirkonium dioksida Hafnium dioksida |
Titanium(II) oksida Titanium(III) oksida Titanium(III,IV) oksida | |
Senyawa terkait
|
Asam titanium |
Kecuali dinyatakan lain, data di atas berlaku pada suhu dan tekanan standar (25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
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Referensi | |
Titanium dioksida, disebut juga titanium(IV) oksida atau titania, adalah oksida titanium yang muncul secara alami dengan rumus kimia TiO2. Umumnya, senyawa ini didapat dari ilmenit, rutil, dan anatase. Titanium dioksida dimanfaatkan secara luas untuk berbagai keperluan seperti cat, pelindung sinar matahari, dan pewarna makanan. Apabila digunakan sebagai pigmen, senyawa ini disebut putih titanium, Pigment White 6 (PW6), atau CI 77891. Adapun sebagai pewarna makanan, senyawa ini memiliki nomor E E171. Pada tahun 2014, senyawa ini diproduksi sebanyak lebih dari 9 juta metrik ton di seluruh belahan dunia.[3][4][5]
Referensi
- ^ Nowotny, Janusz (2011). Oxide Semiconductors for Solar Energy Conversion: Titanium Dioxide. CRC Press. hlm. 156. ISBN 9781439848395.
- ^ a b Zumdahl, Steven S. (2009). Chemical Principles, Edisi Ke-6. Houghton Mifflin Company. hlm. A23. ISBN 0-618-94690-X.
- ^ "Titanium" dalam 2014 Minerals Yearbook, US Geological Survey.
- ^ "Mineral Commodity Summaries, 2015" (PDF). US Geological Survey. US Geological Survey 2015.
- ^ "Mineral Commodity Summaries, January 2016" (PDF). US Geological Survey. US Geological Survey 2016.