Abul Kalam Azad: Perbedaan antara revisi
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* Maulana Azad's commentary on the [[Holy Qur'an]] – [http://drsyedabdullatifquranictrust.org/books.html Tarjuman al-Quran] |
* Maulana Azad's commentary on the [[Holy Qur'an]] – [http://drsyedabdullatifquranictrust.org/books.html Tarjuman al-Quran] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110815065257/http://drsyedabdullatifquranictrust.org/books.html |date=2011-08-15 }} |
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* [[India Wins Freedom]], from [[Orient Longman]] Book-Institute |
* [[India Wins Freedom]], from [[Orient Longman]] Book-Institute |
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* [[Ghubar-e-Khatir]] (Sallies of the Mind) |
* [[Ghubar-e-Khatir]] (Sallies of the Mind) |
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* {{cite web |
* {{cite web |
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|title = Life of Azad |
|title = Life of Azad |
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|work = CIS-CA |
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|url = http://www.cis-ca.org/voices/a/azad-mn.htm |
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|access-date = 2014-12-26 |
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|archive-date = 2003-04-19 |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20030419025158/http://www.cis-ca.org/voices/a/azad-mn.htm |
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|dead-url = yes |
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* {{cite web |
* {{cite web |
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|title = Maulana Abul Kalam Azad: The Odd Secularist |
|title = Maulana Abul Kalam Azad: The Odd Secularist |
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|work |
|work = [[India Today]] |
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|url |
|url = http://www.india-today.com/itoday/millennium/100people/azad.html |
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|access-date = 2014-12-26 |
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|archive-date = 2006-10-18 |
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|archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20061018153436/http://www.india-today.com/itoday/millennium/100people/azad.html |
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|dead-url = yes |
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* [http://books.google.com.qa/books?id=lZf7YZOYn8oC&pg=PA60 Azad's Careers – Roads taken and roads not taken – Lineages of the Present: Ideology and Politics in Contemporary South Asia By Aijaz Ahmad] |
* [http://books.google.com.qa/books?id=lZf7YZOYn8oC&pg=PA60 Azad's Careers – Roads taken and roads not taken – Lineages of the Present: Ideology and Politics in Contemporary South Asia By Aijaz Ahmad] |
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* [http://books.google.com.qa/books?id=7q9EubOYZmwC&pg=PA138 Abul Kalam Azad, Chapter 9, Pg 138- Pg 153, Indian Muslims and partition of India By S.M. Ikram ] |
* [http://books.google.com.qa/books?id=7q9EubOYZmwC&pg=PA138 Abul Kalam Azad, Chapter 9, Pg 138- Pg 153, Indian Muslims and partition of India By S.M. Ikram ] |
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* [http://books.google.com.qa/books?id=FJu9Dkv_2zEC&pg=PA13 Abul Kalam, Chapter 3 Pg 13 – Pg 26, Freedom fighters of India: (in four volumes) By Lion M. G. Agrawal] |
* [http://books.google.com.qa/books?id=FJu9Dkv_2zEC&pg=PA13 Abul Kalam, Chapter 3 Pg 13 – Pg 26, Freedom fighters of India: (in four volumes) By Lion M. G. Agrawal] |
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* [http://www.indiaprwire.com/pressrelease/education/20121116136906.htm National Education Day 2012 Celebrated at Sangam University Bhilwara Rajasthan] |
* [http://www.indiaprwire.com/pressrelease/education/20121116136906.htm National Education Day 2012 Celebrated at Sangam University Bhilwara Rajasthan] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121212074524/http://www.indiaprwire.com/pressrelease/education/20121116136906.htm |date=2012-12-12 }} |
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* [http://www.maulanaazadheritage.org/ Web Portal dedicated to Maulana Abul Kalam Azad] |
* [http://www.maulanaazadheritage.org/ Web Portal dedicated to Maulana Abul Kalam Azad] |
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{{Kabinet India Pertama}} |
{{Kabinet India Pertama}} |
Revisi per 27 Januari 2021 17.20
Abul Kalam Azad ابول کلام آزاد | |
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Menteri Pendidikan India | |
Masa jabatan 15 Agustus 1947 – 2 Februari 1958 | |
Perdana Menteri | Jawaharlal Nehru |
Informasi pribadi | |
Lahir | Mekkah, Hejaz Vilayet, Kekaisaran Ottoman (sekarang Arab Saudi) | 11 November 1888
Meninggal | 22 Februari 1958 Delhi, India | (umur 69)
Kebangsaan | India |
Partai politik | Kongres Nasional India |
Suami/istri | Zulaikha Begum |
Penghargaan sipil | Bharat Ratna |
Tanda tangan | |
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Sunting kotak info • L • B |
Abul Kalam Muhiyuddin Ahmed Azad (bahasa Bengali: আবুল কালাম মুহিয়ুদ্দিন আহমেদ আজাদ, ⓘ; bahasa Urdu: ابو الکلام محی الدین احمد آزاد Abul Kalam Azad; 11 November 1888 – 22 Februari 1958) adalah seorang sarjana India dan pemimpin politik senior dari gerakan kemerdekaan India. Setelah kemerdekaan India, ia menjadi Menteri Pendidikan pertama di pemerintahan India. Pada 1992 ia dianugerahi secara anumerta dengan penghargaan warga negara tertinggi di India, Bharat Ratna.[1]
Ketika masih muda, Azad mengkomposisikan puisi dalam bahasa Urdu, serta risalah tentang agama dan filsafat. Ia mengembangkan keterkenalannya melalui karyanya sebagai seorang jurnalis, mempublikasikan karya-karya yang mengkritik Britania Raj dan mengemban penyebab-penyebab nasionalisme India. Azad menjadi pemimpin Gerakan Khilafat, pada saat ia bertemu langsung dengan pemimpin India Mahatma Gandhi.
Pada 1923, di usia 35 tahun, ia menjadi orang termuda yang menjabat sebagai Presiden Kongres Nasional India.
Azad adalah salah satu pengurus utama Dharasana Satyagraha pada 1931, dan menjadikannya salah satu pemimpin nasional paling berpengaruh pada waktu itu, yang dikenal memimpin penyebab-penyebab kesatuan Hindu-Muslim serta mengemban sekularisme dan sosialisme.[2]
Hari Pendidikan Nasional (India) yang diperingati secara tahunan di India memperingati peringatan hari kelahiran Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, menteri pendidikan pertama India ketika sudah merdeka, yang menjabat dari 15 Agustus 1947 sampai 2 Februari 1958. Hari Pendidikan Nasional India dirayakan pada 11 November setiap tahun di India.
Kehidupan awal
Azad lahir pada 11 November 1888 di Mekkah, Arab Saudi. Nama sebenarnya adalah Abul Kalam Ghulam Muhiyuddin yang menjadi dikenal sebagai Maulana Azad.[3]
Trivia
Maulana Azad lahir pada hari yang sama dengan Acharya Kripalani, yang juga merupakan seorang pejuang kebebasan berpengaruh dan menggantikan mantannya sebagai Presiden Kongres Nasional India di sesi Meerut pada 1946.
Catatan
- ^ "Padma Awards Directory (1954–2007)" (PDF). Kementerian Urusan Dalam Negeri. Diakses tanggal 7 Desember 2010.
- ^ Chapter 3 Page 14 Abul Kalam – Freedom fighters of India: (in four volumes) By Lion M. G. Agrawal
- ^ "Remembering Maulana Abul Kalam Azad: A Short Biography". Institute of Asian Studies. Diakses tanggal 1 January 2013.
Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was born on November 11, 1888, in Mecca. He came back to Calcutta with his family in 1890.
Referensi
- Maulana Azad's commentary on the Holy Qur'an – Tarjuman al-Quran Diarsipkan 2011-08-15 di Wayback Machine.
- India Wins Freedom, from Orient Longman Book-Institute
- Ghubar-e-Khatir (Sallies of the Mind)
- Tazkirah
- Die politische Willensbildung in Indien 1900–1960; 1965 von Dietmar Rothermund
- Life and Works of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, from Ravindra Kumar, published by Atlantic Publishers & Distributors, 1991
- Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, by Mahadev Haribhai Desai
- The Educational Ideas of Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, by G. Rasool Abduhu, published by Sterling Publishers, 1973
- India's Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, by Abulkalam Azad, Syeda Saiyidain Hameed, Mujib Rizvi, Sughra Mahdi, published by Indian Council for Cultural Relations, 1990
- Maulana Azad ek Muttala by Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman, Jawahar aur Azad, Edited by Professor Abdul Qavi Desnavi, Saifia College, Bhopal, 1990.
- Maulana Azad Aur Bhopal by Hakim Syed Zillur Rahman, Fikro Nazar (Maulana Azad Number), Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 1989, p. 107–112.
- Gandhi, R (1990). Patel: A Life. Navajivan, Ahmedabad.
- Pattabhi, Sitaramayya (1946). Feathers & Stones "my study windows". Padma Publications,.
- Azad, Abul Kalam (1958 (reprint: 1989)). India Wins Freedom. Stosius Inc/Advent Books Division. ISBN 978-0-86131-913-8.
- Nandurkar, G. M. (1981). Sardar's letters, mostly unknown. Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel Smarak Bhavan,.
Pranala luar
Cari tahu mengenai Maulana Abul Kalam Azad pada proyek-proyek Wikimedia lainnya: | |
Definisi dan terjemahan dari Wiktionary | |
Gambar dan media dari Commons | |
Berita dari Wikinews | |
Kutipan dari Wikiquote | |
Teks sumber dari Wikisource | |
Buku dari Wikibuku |
- INDIA WINS FREEDOM by Maulana Azad (Book)
- "Brief sketch of life and thinking of Maulana Azad". Liveindia.com.
- "Life of Azad". CIS-CA. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2003-04-19. Diakses tanggal 2014-12-26.
- "Maulana Abul Kalam Azad: The Odd Secularist". India Today. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2006-10-18. Diakses tanggal 2014-12-26.
- Azad's Careers – Roads taken and roads not taken – Lineages of the Present: Ideology and Politics in Contemporary South Asia By Aijaz Ahmad
- An Introduction to Abul Kalam Azad & collection of his quotes – Eminent Indian freedom fighters Vol2 Chapter 11 Pg 310 By S.K. Sharma
- Abu'l Kalam Azad, Chapter 44, Pg 325–333, Modernist Islam, 1840–1940: a sourcebook By Charles Kurzman
- Abul Kalam Azad, Chapter 9, Pg 138- Pg 153, Indian Muslims and partition of India By S.M. Ikram
- Abul Kalam, Chapter 3 Pg 13 – Pg 26, Freedom fighters of India: (in four volumes) By Lion M. G. Agrawal
- National Education Day 2012 Celebrated at Sangam University Bhilwara Rajasthan Diarsipkan 2012-12-12 di Wayback Machine.
- Web Portal dedicated to Maulana Abul Kalam Azad