Allium

Allium
Allium sativum
Klasifikasi ilmiah
Kerajaan:	Plantae
Divisi:	Magnoliophyta
Kelas:	Liliopsida
Ordo:	Asparagales
Famili:	Alliaceae
Genus:	Allium
Spesies tipe
Allium sativum L.

Spesies Allium, A. flavum di sebelah kiri

Allium adalah genus bawang yang meliputi bermacam-macam tumbuhan bunga monocotyledonous dan di dalamnya termasuk bawang merah, bawang putih, bawang kucai, bawang daun, bawang bombai, dan bawang prei. Nama genus Allium merupakan kata Latin untuk bawang putih; Linnaeus menggunakan kata allium untuk menamai genus ini. Sejumlah sumber merujuk kepada kata Yunani αλεω (aleo; "menghindari") karena alasan bau bawang putih.

Allium ursinum (wild garlic; "bawang putih liar") di daerah pepohonan di Bristol, Inggris.

Taksonomi

Taksonomi genus Allium sukar dipahami, karena memuat pemerian salah yang berkembang luas. Allium spicatum oleh banyak penulis diperlakukan sebagai Milula spicata, satu-satunya spesies dalam genus monospesifik Milula. Pada tahun 2000, dibuktikan merupakan anggota genus Allium.

Spesies

Artikel utama: Daftar spesies Allium

Spesies termasuk:

• Allium acuminatum — tapertip onion, Hooker's onion
• Allium allegheniense — Appalachian onion
• Allium ampeloprasum (juga disebut Allium porrum) — bawang prei liar (berdaun lebar)
  • A. ampeloprasum var. ampeloprasum — elephant garlic
  • A. ampeloprasum var. kurrat — kurrat
  • A. ampeloprasum var. porrum — bawang prei
• Allium anceps — twinleaf onion
• Allium angulosum — mouse garlic
• Allium aflatunense — flowering onion
• Allium atrorubens — dark red onion
• Allium caeruleum — blue globe onion
• Allium campanulatum — dusky onion
• Allium canadense — Canadian garlic
• Allium cepa — bawang bombai
• Allium cernuum — nodding onion
• Allium chinense — Chinese onion, Chinese scallion, Japanese scallion, Oriental onion
• Allium fistulosum — Welsh onion
• Allium galanthum
• Allium giganteum — giant onion
• Allium hollandicum — flowering onion
• Allium libani — Lebanese onion
• Allium neapolitanum — white garlic
• Allium nevii — Nevius' garlic
• Allium nigrum — black garlic
• Allium oleraceum — field garlic
• Allium oschaninii — bawang merah
• Allium paradoxum — few-flowered garlic
• Allium ramosum — fragrant garlic
• Allium sativum — bawang putih
• Allium schoenoprasum — chives
• Allium scorodoprasum — sand leek
• Allium siculum — Mediterranean bells, Sicilian honey garlic
• Allium sieberianum — Schult.f.
• Allium stipitatum — Persian shallot
• Allium textile — prairie onion
• Allium tricoccum — wild leek, ramp
• Allium triquetrum — three-cornered leek, triquetous garlic
• Allium tuncelianum — Tunceli garlic, Ovacik garlic
• Allium tuberosum — Chinese chives
• Allium ursinum — buckrams, wild garlic, broad-leaved garlic, wood garlic, bear's garlic
• Allium vineale — crow garlic, wild garlic

Toksisitas

Anjing dan kucing sangat rentan terhadap keracunan setelah memakan spesies bawang tertentu.

Pustaka

Buku

• Haim D. Rabinowitch, Lesley Currah. Allium crop science: recent advances. CABI Publishing Series, 2002. ISBN 978-0-85199-510-6
• Block, E. (2010). Garlic and Other Alliums: The Lore and the Science. Royal Society of Chemistry. ISBN 978-0-85404-190-9. 
• Brewster, J. L. (2008). Onions and Other Alliums. CABI Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84593-399-9. 
• Davies, D. (1992). Alliums: The Ornamental Onions. Timber Press. ISBN 0-88192-241-2. 
• Rabinowitch, H. D., Currah, L. (2002). Allium Crop Sciences: Recent Advances. CABI Publishing. ISBN 0-85199-510-1. Pemeliharaan CS1: Banyak nama: authors list (link)
• Woodward, P. (1996). Garlic and Friends: The History, Growth and Use of Edible Alliums. Hyland House. ISBN 1-86447-009-7. 

Artikel

• J. G. Dubouzet, K. Shinoda and N. Murata. Phylogeny of Allium L. subgenus Rhizirideum (G. Don ex Koch) Wendelbo according to dot blot hybridization with randomly amplified DNA probes TAG Theoretical and Applied 'Genetics. Volume 95, Number 8, December, 1997
• N. Friesen, R. Fritsch and K. Bachmann. Hybrid origin of some ornamentals of Allium subgenus Melanocrommyum verified with GISH and RAPD. TAG Theoretical and Applied Genetics. Volume 95, Number 8, December, 1997
• A. Samoylov, N. Friesen, S. Pollner, P. Hanelt. Use of chloroplast DNA polymorphisms for the phylogenetic study of Allium subgenus Amerallium and subgenus Bromatorrhiza (Alliaceae) II. Feddes Repertorium Volume 110 Issue 1–2, Pages 103–109, 1999 Diarsipkan 2013-01-05 di Archive.is
• Li, R. J., Z. Y. Shang, T. C. Cui, AND J. M. Xu. 1996. Studies on karyotypes and phylogenetic relationship of Allium sect. Caloscordum (Liliaceae) from China. Acta Phytotax. Sin. 34: 288–295. [In Chinese.]
• Li, Q.-Q.; Zhou, S.-D.; He, X.-J.; Yu, Y.; Zhang, Y.-C.; Wei, X.-Q. (21 October 2010). "Phylogeny and biogeography of Allium (Amaryllidaceae: Allieae) based on nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer and chloroplast rps16 sequences, focusing on the inclusion of species endemic to China". Annals of Botany. 106 (5): 709–733. doi:10.1093/aob/mcq177. PMC 2958792 . Diakses tanggal 8 Januari 2015. 
• Sykorova, E.; Fajkus, J.; Meznikova, M.; Lim, K. Y.; Neplechova, K.; Blattner, F. R.; Chase, M. W.; Leitch, A. R. (1 June 2006). "Minisatellite telomeres occur in the family Alliaceae but are lost in Allium". American Journal of Botany. 93 (6): 814–823. doi:10.3732/ajb.93.6.814. Diakses tanggal 8 Januari 2015. 
• Enrico Banfi, Gabriele Galasso & Adriano Soldano. Notes on systematics and taxonomy for the Italian vascular flora. 2. Atti Soc. it. Sci. nat. Museo civ. Stor. nat. Milano, 152 (II): 85-106, Novembre 2011
• ZUBAIDA YOUSAF; ZABTA KHAN SHINWARI; RIZWANA ALEEM QURESHI; MIR AJAB KHAN; SYED SHAHINSHAH GILANI (2004). "CAN COMPLEXITY OF THE GENUS ALLIUM L., BE RESOLVED THROUGH SOME NUMERICAL TECHNIQUES?" (PDF). Pak. J. Bot. 36 (3): 487–501. Diakses tanggal 28 Januari 2015. 

Lain-lain

• Pacific Bulb Society: Allium
  • Pacific Bulb Society: Rhizomatous Alliums

Pranala luar

• "WCSP". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families.  (enter "Allium" in search box).
• Allium At:Index Nominum Genericorum At:References At:NMNH Department of Botany
• Bloomsta.com Florist Community