Ekonomi Turki: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 2: | Baris 2: | ||
|country = Turki |
|country = Turki |
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|image =[[Berkas:Istanbul IMG 7257 1725.jpg|275px]] |
|image =[[Berkas:Istanbul IMG 7257 1725.jpg|275px]] |
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|gdp = $1,756 triliun ([[Keseimbangan kemampuan berbelanja|PPP]], 2017)<ref name="IMF-WEO">{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2016/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=1980&ey=2021&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=44&pr1.y=16&c=186&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CPPPSH%2CLUR%2CLP&grp=0&a=|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects|publisher=IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2016|date=24 April 2016|accessdate=24 April 2016}}</ref><br/>$0,861 triliun<ref name="turkstat.gov.tr" |
|gdp = $1,756 triliun ([[Keseimbangan kemampuan berbelanja|PPP]], 2017)<ref name="IMF-WEO">{{cite web|url=http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2016/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=1980&ey=2021&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&pr1.x=44&pr1.y=16&c=186&s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC%2CPPPSH%2CLUR%2CLP&grp=0&a=|title=Report for Selected Countries and Subjects|publisher=IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2016|date=24 April 2016|accessdate=24 April 2016}}</ref><br/>$0,861 triliun<ref name="turkstat.gov.tr"/> ([[Produk domestik bruto|Nominal]], 2015)<ref name="IMF-WEO"/> |
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|gdp rank = [[Daftar negara berdasarkan GDP (nominal)|ke-17]] (nominal) / [[Daftar negara berdasarkan GDP (PPP)|ke-15]] (PPP) |
|gdp rank = [[Daftar negara berdasarkan GDP (nominal)|ke-17]] (nominal) / [[Daftar negara berdasarkan GDP (PPP)|ke-15]] (PPP) |
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|width = |
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Baris 9: | Baris 9: | ||
|year = tahun kalender |
|year = tahun kalender |
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|organs = [[G-20 ekonomi utama]], [[Organisasi untuk Kerja Sama dan Pembangunan Ekonomi|OECD]], [[Serikat Pabean Uni Eropa|Serikat Pabean UE]], [[Organisasi Perdagangan Dunia|WTO]], [[Organisasi Kerja Sama Ekonomi|ECO]], [[Organisasi Kerja Sama Ekonomi Laut Hitam|BSEC]] |
|organs = [[G-20 ekonomi utama]], [[Organisasi untuk Kerja Sama dan Pembangunan Ekonomi|OECD]], [[Serikat Pabean Uni Eropa|Serikat Pabean UE]], [[Organisasi Perdagangan Dunia|WTO]], [[Organisasi Kerja Sama Ekonomi|ECO]], [[Organisasi Kerja Sama Ekonomi Laut Hitam|BSEC]] |
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|growth = {{Increase}} 7,1% (rerata 2011-2015)<ref name="bloomberg.com">https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-12-12/turkey-catapulted-above-india-as-government-revises-gdp-math</ref><ref name="livemint.com">http://www.livemint.com/Politics/fYPEcMJTVxO6A7zQMGCUhM/Turkey-catapulted-above-India-as-government-revises-GDP-math.html</ref><ref name="sozcu.com.tr">http://www.sozcu.com.tr/2016/ekonomi/turkiye-buyumede-hindistani-gecti-hollandayi-yerinden-etti-1563263/</ref><br>{{Increase}} 6.1% (2015)<ref name="turkstat.gov.tr" |
|growth = {{Increase}} 7,1% (rerata 2011-2015)<ref name="bloomberg.com">https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-12-12/turkey-catapulted-above-india-as-government-revises-gdp-math</ref><ref name="livemint.com">http://www.livemint.com/Politics/fYPEcMJTVxO6A7zQMGCUhM/Turkey-catapulted-above-India-as-government-revises-GDP-math.html</ref><ref name="sozcu.com.tr">http://www.sozcu.com.tr/2016/ekonomi/turkiye-buyumede-hindistani-gecti-hollandayi-yerinden-etti-1563263/</ref><br>{{Increase}} 6.1% (2015)<ref name="turkstat.gov.tr"/><ref name="bloomberg.com"/><ref name="livemint.com"/><ref name="sozcu.com.tr"/><br>2,5% (2016e), 3,0% (2017f)<ref name="worldbank.org">https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/25823/9781464810169.pdf#page=24</ref> |
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|per capita = $22.021 ([[Keseimbangan kemampuan berbelanja|PPP]], 2017)<ref name="IMF-WEO"/><br/>$11.014<ref name="turkstat.gov.tr">http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=24921</ref> ([[Produk domestik bruto|Nominal]], 2015)<ref name="IMF-WEO"/> |
|per capita = $22.021 ([[Keseimbangan kemampuan berbelanja|PPP]], 2017)<ref name="IMF-WEO"/><br/>$11.014<ref name="turkstat.gov.tr">http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=24921</ref> ([[Produk domestik bruto|Nominal]], 2015)<ref name="IMF-WEO"/> |
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|sectors = [[pertanian]]: 8,6%<br> [[industri]]: 27,1%<br> [[jasa]]: 64,3% (est.2016)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tu.html#Econ |title=GDP - Composition by Sector |publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]] |year=2016 |accessdate=2016-01-20 |archive-date=2017-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702111626/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tu.html#Econ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> |
|sectors = [[pertanian]]: 8,6%<br> [[industri]]: 27,1%<br> [[jasa]]: 64,3% (est.2016)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tu.html#Econ |title=GDP - Composition by Sector |publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]] |year=2016 |accessdate=2016-01-20 |archive-date=2017-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702111626/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tu.html#Econ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> |
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|inflation = {{decreasePositive}} 6,57% <small>(April 2016, CPI)</small><ref>http://www.tuik.gov.tr</ref> |
|inflation = {{decreasePositive}} 6,57% <small>(April 2016, CPI)</small><ref>http://www.tuik.gov.tr</ref> |
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|poverty = 16,9% (2010)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2046.html#tu |title=Population below poverty line |publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]] |year=2010 |accessdate=2013-04-25 |archive-date=2016-12-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221103537/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2046.html#tu |dead-url=yes }}</ref> |
|poverty = 16,9% (2010)<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2046.html#tu |title=Population below poverty line |publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]] |year=2010 |accessdate=2013-04-25 |archive-date=2016-12-21 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161221103537/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2046.html#tu |dead-url=yes }}</ref> |
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|labor = 30,2 juta (est.2016) '''''catatan:''' sekitar 1,2 juta warga Turki bekerja di luar negeri''<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2095.html#tu |title=Labor Force of Republic of Turkey |publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]] |date=2016 |accessdate=2017-01-31}}</ref> |
|labor = 30,2 juta (est.2016) '''''catatan:''' sekitar 1,2 juta warga Turki bekerja di luar negeri''<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2095.html#tu |title=Labor Force of Republic of Turkey |publisher=[[CIA World Factbook]] |date=2016 |accessdate=2017-01-31 |archive-date=2015-09-05 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150905102046/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2095.html#tu |dead-url=yes }}</ref> |
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|occupations = [[pertanian]]: 25,5%<br> [[industri]]: 26,2%<br> [[jasa]]: 48,4% (2010)<ref name=cia>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tu.html#Econ |title=CIA World Factbook: Turkey - Economy |publisher=Cia.gov |accessdate=2011-08-29 |archive-date=2017-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702111626/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tu.html#Econ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> |
|occupations = [[pertanian]]: 25,5%<br> [[industri]]: 26,2%<br> [[jasa]]: 48,4% (2010)<ref name=cia>{{cite web |url=https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tu.html#Econ |title=CIA World Factbook: Turkey - Economy |publisher=Cia.gov |accessdate=2011-08-29 |archive-date=2017-07-02 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170702111626/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/tu.html#Econ |dead-url=yes }}</ref> |
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|average gross salary = $12.000 tahunan (2015) <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ukforex.co.uk/forex-tools/historical-rate-tools/yearly-average-rates |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2017-02-27 |archive-date=2015-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150316233916/http://www.ukforex.co.uk/forex-tools/historical-rate-tools/yearly-average-rates |dead-url=yes }}</ref> |
|average gross salary = $12.000 tahunan (2015) <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ukforex.co.uk/forex-tools/historical-rate-tools/yearly-average-rates |title=Salinan arsip |access-date=2017-02-27 |archive-date=2015-03-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150316233916/http://www.ukforex.co.uk/forex-tools/historical-rate-tools/yearly-average-rates |dead-url=yes }}</ref> |
Revisi per 14 Agustus 2022 05.25
Ekonomi Turki | |
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![]() Distrik Bisnis Levent di Istanbul | |
Mata uang | Lira Turki (![]() |
Tahun fiskal | tahun kalender |
Organisasi perdagangan | G-20 ekonomi utama, OECD, Serikat Pabean UE, WTO, ECO, BSEC |
Statistik | |
PDB | $1,756 triliun (PPP, 2017)[1] $0,861 triliun[2] (Nominal, 2015)[1] |
Pertumbuhan PDB | ![]() ![]() 2,5% (2016e), 3,0% (2017f)[6] |
PDB per kapita | $22.021 (PPP, 2017)[1] $11.014[2] (Nominal, 2015)[1] |
PDB per sektor | pertanian: 8,6% industri: 27,1% jasa: 64,3% (est.2016)[7] |
Inflasi (IHK) | ▼ 6,57% (April 2016, CPI)[8] |
Penduduk di bawah garis kemiskinan | 16,9% (2010)[9] |
Koefisien gini | ▼ 0,39 (2014)[10] |
Angkatan kerja | 30,2 juta (est.2016) catatan: sekitar 1,2 juta warga Turki bekerja di luar negeri[11] |
Angkatan kerja berdasarkan sektor | pertanian: 25,5% industri: 26,2% jasa: 48,4% (2010)[12] |
Pengangguran | 11,8% (Oktober 2016)[13] |
Gaji kotor rata-rata | $12.000 tahunan (2015) [14] |
Gaji bersih rata-rata | $8.000 tahunan (2015) [15] |
Industri utama | tekstil, pengolahan makanan, otomotif, elektronik, pariwisata, pertambangan (batu bara, kromat, tembaga, boron), baja, minyak bumi, konstruksi, perkayuan, kertas |
Peringkat kemudahan melakukan bisnis | ke-69 (2017)[16] |
Eksternal | |
Ekspor | ![]() |
Komoditas ekspor | |
Tujuan ekspor utama | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Impor | ▼ $197,8 miliar (ke-22) (2016)[20] |
Komoditas impor | |
Negara asal impor utama | ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() |
Modal investasi langsung asing | ![]() |
Utang kotor luar negeri | $410,4 miliar ke-30 (31 Desember 2016)[24] |
Pembiayaan publik | |
Utang publik | ▼ 30,4% dari GDP (2016)[25] |
Pendapatan | $225 miliar (2015)[26] |
Beban | $234 miliar (2015)[26] |
Bantuan ekonomi | donor: $3,2 miliar, 0,37% dari GDP. Hal ini juga menjadikan Turki donor terbesar ke-2 berdasarkan volume, dan ke-1 berdasarkan persentase GNI dalam ODA dalam laporan 2016. Turki adalah negara paling dermawan di dunia.[27] |
Peringkat utang | |
Cadangan mata uang asing | ![]() |
Sumber data utama: CIA World Fact Book |
Ekonomi Turki |
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Sejarah ekonomi Turki |
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Ekonomi Turki dikategorikan sebagai ekonomi negara menuju maju (emerging market) oleh IMF.[32] Turki adalah salah satu negara maju di dunia menurut CIA World Factbook.[33] Turki merupakan negara dengan PDB nominal terbesar ke-18[1] dan PDB menurut PPP terbesar ke-17 di dunia.[1] Negara ini termasuk di antara produsen terkemuka di dunia dalam produk pertanian, tekstil, kendaraan bermotor, kapal, sarana transportasi lainnya, bahan bangunan, elektronik konsumen, dan peralatan rumah tangga.
Tren makroekonomi
Turki memiliki PDB nominal terbesar ke-18[1] dan PDB menurut PPP terbesar ke-17[1] di dunia. Negara ini adalah anggota pendiri OECD (1961) dan G-20 ekonomi utama (1999). Sejak 31 Desember 1995, Turki juga merupakan bagian dari Serikat Pabean UE.
Lihat juga
Referensi
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Report for Selected Countries and Subjects". IMF World Economic Outlook Database, April 2016. 24 April 2016. Diakses tanggal 24 April 2016.
- ^ a b c http://www.turkstat.gov.tr/PreHaberBultenleri.do?id=24921
- ^ a b https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-12-12/turkey-catapulted-above-india-as-government-revises-gdp-math
- ^ a b http://www.livemint.com/Politics/fYPEcMJTVxO6A7zQMGCUhM/Turkey-catapulted-above-India-as-government-revises-GDP-math.html
- ^ a b http://www.sozcu.com.tr/2016/ekonomi/turkiye-buyumede-hindistani-gecti-hollandayi-yerinden-etti-1563263/
- ^ https://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/25823/9781464810169.pdf#page=24
- ^ "GDP - Composition by Sector". CIA World Factbook. 2016. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-07-02. Diakses tanggal 2016-01-20.
- ^ http://www.tuik.gov.tr
- ^ "Population below poverty line". CIA World Factbook. 2010. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-12-21. Diakses tanggal 2013-04-25.
- ^ "Gini Coefficient by Equivalised Household Disposable Income". Turkstat. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2020-04-30. Diakses tanggal 13 Apr 2016.
- ^ "Labor Force of Republic of Turkey". CIA World Factbook. 2016. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-09-05. Diakses tanggal 2017-01-31.
- ^ "CIA World Factbook: Turkey - Economy". Cia.gov. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2017-07-02. Diakses tanggal 2011-08-29.
- ^ "Turkish Statistical Institute - Press Release". turkstat.gov.tr.
- ^ "Salinan arsip". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-03-16. Diakses tanggal 2017-02-27.
- ^ "Salinan arsip". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-03-16. Diakses tanggal 2017-02-27.
- ^ "Ease of Doing Business in Turkey". Doingbusiness.org. Diakses tanggal 2017-01-23.
- ^ "2016 Exports figures of Turkey". CIA World Factbook. 2016. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-10-30. Diakses tanggal 2017-01-31.
- ^ "Exports Products of Turkey". CIA World Factbook. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-06-26. Diakses tanggal 2013-04-25.
- ^ "Exports Partners of Turkey". CIA World Factbook. 2015. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-10-02. Diakses tanggal 2016-08-03.
- ^ "2016 Imports figures of Turkey". CIA World Factbook. 206. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-10-30. Diakses tanggal 2017-01-31.
- ^ "Imports Products of Turkey". CIA World Factbook. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-10-05. Diakses tanggal 2013-04-25.
- ^ "Imports Partners of Turkey". CIA World Factbook. 2015. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-09-17. Diakses tanggal 2016-08-03.
- ^ "2016 Foreign Direct Investment in Turkey". CIA World Factbook. 31 December 2016. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2015-12-09. Diakses tanggal 2017-01-31.
- ^ "2016 External Debt of Republic of Turkey". CIA World Factbook. 31 December 2016. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-08-12. Diakses tanggal 2017-01-31.
- ^ "European Economy 2015, p 133" (PDF). European Commission. 2015. Diakses tanggal 22 Feb 2017.
- ^ a b "2015 bütçesi komisyondan geçti". Sabah. 26 November 2014.
- ^ "GLOBAL HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE REPORT 2016" (PDF). Global Humanitarian Assistance. 2016. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2017-02-14. Diakses tanggal 2017-02-22.
- ^ a b "Sovereign credit ratings". Standard & Poor's. Diakses tanggal 29 January 2017.
- ^ "Rating Action:Moody's downgrades Turkey's outlook from Baa3 to Ba1-15 July coup attempt". Diakses tanggal 24 September 2016.
- ^ "Fitch cuts to junk after S&P slashes outlook". Reuters. Diakses tanggal 27 January 2017.
- ^ "Turkish Central Bank reserves to brake a record". PortTurkey.com. 13 December 2013. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-08-17. Diakses tanggal 2013-12-18.
- ^ "IMF Advanced Economies List. World Economic Outlook" (PDF). April 2011. hlm. 173.
- ^ "The World Factbook". cia.gov. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2008-04-09. Diakses tanggal 2017-02-27.
Pranala luar
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png)
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Economy of Turkey.
- Invest in Turkey
- Turkey Discover the potential
- Turkish-U.S. Business Council (TAIK)
- OECD's Turkey country Web site
- World Bank Data and Statistics for Turkey
- World Bank Trade Summary Statistics for Turkey 2012
- Macroeconomic Data for Turkey Online Diarsipkan 2014-11-17 di Wayback Machine.
- Turkey Economic Development di Curlie (dari DMOZ)
- Tariffs applied by Turkey as provided by ITC's Market Access Map[pranala nonaktif permanen], an online database of customs tariffs and market requirements
- Official Tourism Portal of Turkey
- Turkey junked by Moody's | FT.com | Financial Times