Kabel komunikasi bawah laut: Perbedaan antara revisi
Rescuing 2 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.8.7 |
k →Pranala luar: clean up |
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== Pranala luar == |
== Pranala luar == |
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* [http://telegeography.com/products/map_cable/index.php Global Communications Submarine Cable Map, 2004] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929091936/http://telegeography.com/products/map_cable/index.php |date=2007-09-29 }} |
* [http://telegeography.com/products/map_cable/index.php Global Communications Submarine Cable Map, 2004] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070929091936/http://telegeography.com/products/map_cable/index.php |date=2007-09-29 }} |
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* http://www.telegeography.com/ee/free_resources/sb2004_exec_sum-01. |
* http://www.telegeography.com/ee/free_resources/sb2004_exec_sum-01.php—Analysis of the submarine cable industry. Registration required. |
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* [http://www.atlantic-cable.com/Cables/CableTimeLine/index.htm Timeline of Submarine Communications Cables, 1850-2004] |
* [http://www.atlantic-cable.com/Cables/CableTimeLine/index.htm Timeline of Submarine Communications Cables, 1850-2004] |
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* http://gallery.colofinder.net/cableships {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041025035352/http://gallery.colofinder.net/cableships |date=2004-10-25 }} |
* http://gallery.colofinder.net/cableships {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041025035352/http://gallery.colofinder.net/cableships |date=2004-10-25 }}—Photo gallery of cable laying ships and other equipment |
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* http://www.atlantic-cable.com/Article/WireRope/wirerope.htm |
* http://www.atlantic-cable.com/Article/WireRope/wirerope.htm |
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* http://www.iscpc.org/ - The International Cable Protection |
* http://www.iscpc.org/ - The International Cable Protection Committee—includes a register of submarine cables worldwide (though not always updated as often as one might hope) |
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* [http://www.iscpc.org/information/ships.htm Cableships of the World] |
* [http://www.iscpc.org/information/ships.htm Cableships of the World] |
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* [http://www.flagtelecom.com/network/network_chart.htm FLAG telecom network summary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050310234430/http://www.flagtelecom.com/network/network_chart.htm |date=2005-03-10 }} |
* [http://www.flagtelecom.com/network/network_chart.htm FLAG telecom network summary] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050310234430/http://www.flagtelecom.com/network/network_chart.htm |date=2005-03-10 }} |
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Revisi per 6 Januari 2023 05.21
 | Artikel ini sudah memiliki daftar referensi, bacaan terkait, atau pranala luar, tetapi sumbernya belum jelas karena belum menyertakan kutipan pada kalimat. |
Kabel komunikasi bawah laut adalah kabel yang diletakkan di bawah laut untuk menghubungkan telekomunikasi antar negara-negara.
Komunikasi kabel bawah laut pertama membawa data telegrafi. Generasi berikutnya membawa komunikasi telepon, dan kemudian data komunikasi. Seluruh kabel modern menggunakan teknologi optik fiber untuk membawa data digital, yang kemudian juga untuk membawa data telepon, internet, dan juga data pribadi.
Operator telekomunikasi di Indonesia pada era 1990-an sudah menggunakan kabel laut untuk menghubungkan pulau-pulau di Nusantara. Penggunaan kabel laut serat optik memiliki banyak keuntungan dibandingkan menggunakan Digital Micro wave (Radio Terrestrial) yang memiliki keterbatasan pada bandwidth, sehingga trend kedepan penggunaan kabel serat optik akan semakin banyak baik di darat maupun di laut. Penggelaran kabel laut dilakukan oleh kapal kabel (Cableship) yang dirancang khusus untuk menggelar kabel laut, Cableship memiliki keistimewaan, karena tidak dapat menggelar pada lokasi air dangkal, sehingga untuk area air dangkal (Shore End) biasanya menggunakan Barge Cable, yang mampu sampai pada ke dalam air 1 meter.
Sejak 2003, kabel bawah laut telah menghubungkan seluruh benua dunia kecuali Antartika.
Pemilik dan pengoperasi kapal penaruh-kabel
- TYCO;
- ASN Marine Diarsipkan 2003-02-20 di Wayback Machine.;
- Elettra;
- FT Marine;
- Global Marine Systems Limited;
- NTT World Engineering Marine Corporation (NTT-WEM);
- S. B. Submarine Systems Diarsipkan 2007-09-28 di Wayback Machine.
- YIT Primatel Ltd.
Referensi
Hunt, Bruce J. Lord Cable. Europhysics News (2004), Vol. 35 No 6. Diarsipkan 2005-02-26 di Wayback Machine.
Lihat pula
- Satelit komunikasi
- Internet
- transatlantic telegraph cable
- transatlantic telephone cable
- fiber optik
- Public switched telephone network
Pranala luar
- Global Communications Submarine Cable Map, 2004 Diarsipkan 2007-09-29 di Wayback Machine.
- http://www.telegeography.com/ee/free_resources/sb2004_exec_sum-01.php—Analysis of the submarine cable industry. Registration required.
- Timeline of Submarine Communications Cables, 1850-2004
- http://gallery.colofinder.net/cableships Diarsipkan 2004-10-25 di Wayback Machine.—Photo gallery of cable laying ships and other equipment
- http://www.atlantic-cable.com/Article/WireRope/wirerope.htm
- http://www.iscpc.org/ - The International Cable Protection Committee—includes a register of submarine cables worldwide (though not always updated as often as one might hope)
- Cableships of the World
- FLAG telecom network summary Diarsipkan 2005-03-10 di Wayback Machine.
- A short history of telegraphy
- An Oversimplified Overview of Undersea Cable Systems Diarsipkan 2006-01-11 di Wayback Machine.
- SAT3 WASC SAFE Undersea Cable Diarsipkan 2006-09-19 di Wayback Machine.