Azoospermia: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Revisi per 4 Maret 2023 07.48

Azoospermia adalah kondisi medis seorang pria yang air maninya tidak mengandung sperma .^[1] Ini terkait dengan infertilitas pria , tetapi banyak bentuk yang dapat menerima perawatan medis. Pada manusia, azoospermia mempengaruhi sekitar 1% dari populasi ^[2] dan dapat dilihat hingga 20% dari situasi infertilitas laki-laki di Kanada ^[3]

Referensi

^ Berookhim, BM; Schlegel, PN (February 2014). "Azoospermia due to spermatogenic failure". The Urologic Clinics of North America. 41 (1): 97–113. doi:10.1016/j.ucl.2013.08.004. PMID 24286770.
^ Male Infertility Best Practice Policy Committee of the American Urological Association; Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (2001). Infertility: Report on Evaluation of the Azoospermic Male (PDF). American Urological Association; American Society for Reproductive Medicine. ISBN 978-0-9649702-8-1. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2018-03-26. Diakses tanggal 2010-06-14.
^ Jarvi, K; Lo, K; Fischer, A; Grantmyre, J; Zini, A; Chow, V; Mak, V (2010). "CUA Guideline: The workup of azoospermic males". Canadian Urological Association Journal. 4 (3): 163–7. doi:10.5489/cuaj.10050. PMC 2874589 . PMID 20514278.

[1] Berookhim, BM; Schlegel, PN (February 2014). "Azoospermia due to spermatogenic failure". The Urologic Clinics of North America. 41 (1): 97–113. doi:10.1016/j.ucl.2013.08.004. PMID 24286770.

[aua-2] Male Infertility Best Practice Policy Committee of the American Urological Association; Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine (2001). Infertility: Report on Evaluation of the Azoospermic Male (PDF). American Urological Association; American Society for Reproductive Medicine. ISBN 978-0-9649702-8-1. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2018-03-26. Diakses tanggal 2010-06-14.

[cua-3] Jarvi, K; Lo, K; Fischer, A; Grantmyre, J; Zini, A; Chow, V; Mak, V (2010). "CUA Guideline: The workup of azoospermic males". Canadian Urological Association Journal. 4 (3): 163–7. doi:10.5489/cuaj.10050. PMC 2874589 . PMID 20514278.

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-Azoospermia adalah [[Penyakit|kondisi medis]] seorang pria yang [[Air mani|air maninya]] tidak mengandung [[Spermatozoid|sperma]] .<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Berookhim|first1=BM|last2=Schlegel|first2=PN|title=Azoospermia due to spermatogenic failure.|journal=The Urologic Clinics of North America|date=February 2014|volume=41|issue=1|pages=97–113|pmid=24286770|doi=10.1016/j.ucl.2013.08.004}}</ref> Ini terkait dengan infertilitas pria , tetapi banyak bentuk yang dapat menerima perawatan medis. Pada manusia, azoospermia mempengaruhi sekitar 1% dari populasi <ref name=aua>{{cite book |author1=Male Infertility Best Practice Policy Committee of the American Urological Association |author2=Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine |year=2001 |title=Infertility: Report on Evaluation of the Azoospermic Male |publisher=[[American Urological Association]]; [[American Society for Reproductive Medicine]] |isbn=978-0-9649702-8-1 |url=http://urology.ucsf.edu/patientGuides/pdf/maleInf/Azoospermic%20Male.pdf |access-date=2010-06-14 |archive-date=2018-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180326141450/https://urology2008-2012.ucsf.edu/patientGuides/pdf/maleInf/Azoospermic%20Male.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> dan dapat dilihat hingga 20% dari situasi [[Kemandulan pada pria|infertilitas laki-laki]] di <ref name=cua>{{cite journal |pmid=20514278 |year=2010 |last1=Jarvi |first1=K |last2=Lo |first2=K |last3=Fischer |first3=A |last4=Grantmyre |first4=J |last5=Zini |first5=A |last6=Chow |first6=V |last7=Mak |first7=V |title=CUA Guideline: The workup of azoospermic males |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=163–7 |pmc=2874589 |journal=Canadian Urological Association Journal |doi=10.5489/cuaj.10050}}</ref>
+Azoospermia adalah [[Penyakit|kondisi medis]] seorang pria yang [[Air mani|air maninya]] tidak mengandung [[Spermatozoid|sperma]] .<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Berookhim|first1=BM|last2=Schlegel|first2=PN|title=Azoospermia due to spermatogenic failure.|journal=The Urologic Clinics of North America|date=February 2014|volume=41|issue=1|pages=97–113|pmid=24286770|doi=10.1016/j.ucl.2013.08.004}}</ref> Ini terkait dengan infertilitas pria , tetapi banyak bentuk yang dapat menerima perawatan medis. Pada manusia, azoospermia mempengaruhi sekitar 1% dari populasi <ref name=aua>{{cite book |author1=Male Infertility Best Practice Policy Committee of the American Urological Association |author2=Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine |year=2001 |title=Infertility: Report on Evaluation of the Azoospermic Male |publisher=[[American Urological Association]]; [[American Society for Reproductive Medicine]] |isbn=978-0-9649702-8-1 |url=http://urology.ucsf.edu/patientGuides/pdf/maleInf/Azoospermic%20Male.pdf |access-date=2010-06-14 |archive-date=2018-03-26 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180326141450/https://urology2008-2012.ucsf.edu/patientGuides/pdf/maleInf/Azoospermic%20Male.pdf |url-status=live }}</ref> dan dapat dilihat hingga 20% dari situasi [[Kemandulan pada pria|infertilitas laki-laki]] di Kanada <ref name=cua>{{cite journal |pmid=20514278 |year=2010 |last1=Jarvi |first1=K |last2=Lo |first2=K |last3=Fischer |first3=A |last4=Grantmyre |first4=J |last5=Zini |first5=A |last6=Chow |first6=V |last7=Mak |first7=V |title=CUA Guideline: The workup of azoospermic males |volume=4 |issue=3 |pages=163–7 |pmc=2874589 |journal=Canadian Urological Association Journal |doi=10.5489/cuaj.10050}}</ref>
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