Operasi Alsos: Perbedaan antara revisi
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* {{cite book |last=Beck |first=Alfred M. |last2=Bortz |first2=Abe |last3=Lynch |first3=Charles |last4=Mayo |first4=Lida |last5=Weld |first5=Ralph F. |series=United States Army in World War II: The Technical Services |title=The Corps of Engineers: The War Against Germany |year=1985 |location=Washington, D.C. |publisher=United States Army Center of Military History |oclc=455982008 |url=http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/010/10-22/CMH_Pub_10-22.pdf |access-date=20 December 2016 |ref=harv |archive-date=2018-10-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181016023948/https://history.army.mil/html/books/010/10-22/CMH_Pub_10-22.pdf |dead-url=yes }} |
* {{cite book |last=Beck |first=Alfred M. |last2=Bortz |first2=Abe |last3=Lynch |first3=Charles |last4=Mayo |first4=Lida |last5=Weld |first5=Ralph F. |series=United States Army in World War II: The Technical Services |title=The Corps of Engineers: The War Against Germany |year=1985 |location=Washington, D.C. |publisher=United States Army Center of Military History |oclc=455982008 |url=http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/010/10-22/CMH_Pub_10-22.pdf |access-date=20 December 2016 |ref=harv |archive-date=2018-10-16 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181016023948/https://history.army.mil/html/books/010/10-22/CMH_Pub_10-22.pdf |dead-url=yes }} |
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* {{cite book | last = Bernstein | first = Jeremy | authorlink = Jeremy Bernstein | title = Hitler's Uranium Club: The Secret Recordings at Farm Hall | year = 2001 | publisher = Springer-Verlag | location = New York | isbn = 978-0-387-95089-1 |oclc=932453089 |ref=harv }} |
* {{cite book | last = Bernstein | first = Jeremy | authorlink = Jeremy Bernstein | title = Hitler's Uranium Club: The Secret Recordings at Farm Hall | url = https://archive.org/details/hitlersuraniumcl00bern | year = 2001 | publisher = Springer-Verlag | location = New York | isbn = 978-0-387-95089-1 |oclc=932453089 |ref=harv }} |
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* {{cite book |last=Goudsmit |first=Samuel A.|authorlink=Samuel Goudsmit |title=Alsos |publisher=Henry Schuman |year=1947 |location=New York |isbn=0-938228-09-9 |oclc=8805725 |ref=harv }} eBook version published by [http://plunkettlakepress.com/alsos.html Plunkett Lake Press] in 2017. {{ASIN|B075WCCQBN}} |
* {{cite book |last=Goudsmit |first=Samuel A.|authorlink=Samuel Goudsmit |title=Alsos |publisher=Henry Schuman |year=1947 |location=New York |isbn=0-938228-09-9 |oclc=8805725 |ref=harv }} eBook version published by [http://plunkettlakepress.com/alsos.html Plunkett Lake Press] in 2017. {{ASIN|B075WCCQBN}} |
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* {{cite book | last = Garland | first = Albert N. | last2 = Smyth | first2 = Howard McGaw | title = Sicily and the Surrender of Italy | place = Washington D.C. | series = United States Army in World War II: The War in the Mediterranean | publisher = United States Army Center of Military History | year = 1965 | oclc = 396186 | url = http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/006/6-2-1/CMH_Pub_6-2-1.pdf | access-date = 20 December 2016 | ref = harv | archive-date = 2020-05-08 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200508215250/https://history.army.mil/html/books/006/6-2-1/CMH_Pub_6-2-1.pdf | dead-url = yes }} |
* {{cite book | last = Garland | first = Albert N. | last2 = Smyth | first2 = Howard McGaw | title = Sicily and the Surrender of Italy | place = Washington D.C. | series = United States Army in World War II: The War in the Mediterranean | publisher = United States Army Center of Military History | year = 1965 | oclc = 396186 | url = http://www.history.army.mil/html/books/006/6-2-1/CMH_Pub_6-2-1.pdf | access-date = 20 December 2016 | ref = harv | archive-date = 2020-05-08 | archive-url = https://web.archive.org/web/20200508215250/https://history.army.mil/html/books/006/6-2-1/CMH_Pub_6-2-1.pdf | dead-url = yes }} |
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Revisi per 12 Desember 2023 05.52
Operasi Alsos atau Misi Alsos adalah upaya terarah dari tim gabungan kalangan militer, ilmiah dan intelijen Amerika Serikat untuk menyelidiki dan menghambat perkembangan ilmu dan teknologi di negara-negara musuhnya pada Perang Dunia II. Fokus utamanya adalah proyek senjata nuklir Jerman, tetapi operasi ini juga menyelidiki pengembangan senjata kimia dan biologi serta cara-cara penggunaan senjata tersebut.
Operasi ini dimulai setelah Invasi Italia oleh Sekutu pada September 1943 dengan tujuan ganda: mencari personel, catatan, bahan-bahan dan lokasi-lokasi untuk diselidiki serta mencegah jatuhnya sumber daya tersebut ke tangan Uni Soviet. Operasi ini diadakan sebagai bagian dari Proyek Manhattan yang bertugas mengoordinasikan informasi intelijen terkait aktivitas nuklir negara-negara Blok Poros. Anggota operasi Alsos bertugas dekat garis depan di Italia, Perancis, dan Jerman, bahkan kadang menyusupi wilayah yang masih diduduki musuh untuk mengamankan berbagai sumber daya sebelum dapat dirusak atau jatuh ke tangan Soviet.
Referensi
- Beck, Alfred M.; Bortz, Abe; Lynch, Charles; Mayo, Lida; Weld, Ralph F. (1985). The Corps of Engineers: The War Against Germany (PDF). United States Army in World War II: The Technical Services. Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 455982008. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2018-10-16. Diakses tanggal 20 December 2016.
- Bernstein, Jeremy (2001). Hitler's Uranium Club: The Secret Recordings at Farm Hall. New York: Springer-Verlag. ISBN 978-0-387-95089-1. OCLC 932453089.
- Goudsmit, Samuel A. (1947). Alsos. New York: Henry Schuman. ISBN 0-938228-09-9. OCLC 8805725. eBook version published by Plunkett Lake Press in 2017. ASIN B075WCCQBN
- Garland, Albert N.; Smyth, Howard McGaw (1965). Sicily and the Surrender of Italy (PDF). United States Army in World War II: The War in the Mediterranean. Washington D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 396186. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2020-05-08. Diakses tanggal 20 December 2016.
- Groves, Leslie (1962). Now it Can be Told: The Story of the Manhattan Project. New York: Harper & Row. ISBN 0-306-70738-1. OCLC 537684.
- Hinsley, F. H.; Thomas, E. E.; Simkins, C. A. G.; Ransom, C. F. G. (1988). British Intelligence in the Second World War, Volume 3, Part 2: Its Influence on Strategy and Operations. London: HMSO. ISBN 0-11-630940-7.
- Home, R. W.; Low, Morris F. (September 1993). "Postwar Scientific Intelligence Missions to Japan". Isis. University of Chicago Press on behalf of History of Science Society. 84 (3): 527–537. doi:10.1086/356550. JSTOR 235645.
- Jacobsen, Annie (2015). Operation Paperclip: The Secret Intelligence Program that Brought Nazi Scientists to America. New York: Little, Brown. ISBN 978-0-316-27744-0. OCLC 931886431.
- Jones, R . V. (1978). Most Secret War. London: Hamilton. ISBN 0-241-89746-7. OCLC 3717534.
- Jones, Vincent (1985). Manhattan: The Army and the Atomic Bomb (PDF). Washington, D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. OCLC 10913875. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 2014-10-07. Diakses tanggal 25 February 2012.
- Mahoney, Leo J. (1981). A History of the War Department Scientific Intelligence Mission (ALSOS), 1943–1945 (Tesis Ph.D.). Kent State University. OCLC 223804966.
- Pash, Boris (1969). The Alsos Mission. New York: Charter Books. OCLC 568716894.
- Warren, Dr John C. (1956). Airborne Operations in World War II, European Theater (PDF). Air University, Maxwell AFB: US Air Force Historical Research Agency. USAF Historical Study 97. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 24 June 2016. Diakses tanggal 13 February 2012.
