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== Anggota keluarga ==
== Anggota keluarga ==
* [[Fred C. Koch]] (1900–1967), teknisi kimia dan pengusaha Amerika Serikat, pendiri perusahaan penyulingan minyak Amerika Serikat yang kelak menjadi [[Koch Industries]], salah satu anggota pendiri [[John Birch Society]]<ref>{{cite book | last=Davis | first=Jonathan T. | title=Forbes Richest People: The Forbes Annual Profile of the World's Wealthiest Men and Women | year=1997 | publisher=Wiley | isbn=978-0-471-17751-7 | page=138 | quote=Founding member (1958) John Birch Society&nbsp; – reportedly after seeing Russian friends liquidated}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | title=Hoover's 500: Profiles of America's Largest Business Enterprises | url=https://archive.org/details/hoovers50000refe | year=1996 | publisher=[[Hoover's|Hoover's Business Press]] | isbn=978-1-57311-009-9 | page=[https://archive.org/details/hoovers50000refe/page/n303 286] | quote=In 1929 Koch took his process to the Soviet Union, but he grew disenchanted with Stalinism and returned home to become a founding member of the anticommunist John Birch Society.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title=Brothers at Odds. | author= | first=Leslie | last=Wayne | authorlink= | url= | agency= | newspaper=The New York Times | publisher= | location=NY | issn=0362-4331 | oclc= | pmid= | pmd= | bibcode= | doi= | id= | date=7 December 1986 | page=Sec. 6; Part 2, p 100 col. 1 | at= | accessdate= | language= |trans-title=| quote=He returned a fervent anti-Communist who would later become a founding member of the John Birch Society. | ref=}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last1=Diamond | first1=Sara | title=Roads to Dominion: Right-Wing Movements and Political Power in the United States | url=https://archive.org/details/roadstodominionr00diamrich | year=1995 | publisher=Guilford Press | location=NY | isbn=0-89862-862-8 | page=[https://archive.org/details/roadstodominionr00diamrich/page/324 324] n. 86 }}</ref>
* [[Fred C. Koch]] (1900–1967), teknisi kimia dan pengusaha Amerika Serikat, pendiri perusahaan penyulingan minyak Amerika Serikat yang kelak menjadi [[Koch Industries]], salah satu anggota pendiri [[John Birch Society]]<ref>{{cite book | last=Davis | first=Jonathan T. | title=Forbes Richest People: The Forbes Annual Profile of the World's Wealthiest Men and Women | url=https://archive.org/details/forbesrichestpeo0000unse | year=1997 | publisher=Wiley | isbn=978-0-471-17751-7 | page=[https://archive.org/details/forbesrichestpeo0000unse/page/138 138] | quote=Founding member (1958) John Birch Society&nbsp; – reportedly after seeing Russian friends liquidated}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | title=Hoover's 500: Profiles of America's Largest Business Enterprises | url=https://archive.org/details/hoovers50000refe | year=1996 | publisher=[[Hoover's|Hoover's Business Press]] | isbn=978-1-57311-009-9 | page=[https://archive.org/details/hoovers50000refe/page/n303 286] | quote=In 1929 Koch took his process to the Soviet Union, but he grew disenchanted with Stalinism and returned home to become a founding member of the anticommunist John Birch Society.}}</ref><ref>{{cite news | title=Brothers at Odds. | author= | first=Leslie | last=Wayne | authorlink= | url= | agency= | newspaper=The New York Times | publisher= | location=NY | issn=0362-4331 | oclc= | pmid= | pmd= | bibcode= | doi= | id= | date=7 December 1986 | page=Sec. 6; Part 2, p 100 col. 1 | at= | accessdate= | language= |trans-title=| quote=He returned a fervent anti-Communist who would later become a founding member of the John Birch Society. | ref=}}</ref><ref>{{cite book | last1=Diamond | first1=Sara | title=Roads to Dominion: Right-Wing Movements and Political Power in the United States | url=https://archive.org/details/roadstodominionr00diamrich | year=1995 | publisher=Guilford Press | location=NY | isbn=0-89862-862-8 | page=[https://archive.org/details/roadstodominionr00diamrich/page/324 324] n. 86 }}</ref>
* Mary Robinson Koch (1907–1990),<ref name=FMK>{{cite web|url=http://www.fmkfoundation.org/history.asp |title=Fred and Mary Koch Foundation |publisher=Fmkfoundation.org |date= |accessdate=2014-05-23 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114070358/http://www.fmkfoundation.org/history.asp |archivedate=2013-11-14 |df= }}</ref> istri Fred C. dan asal nama kapal tanker milik perusahaan, ''[[Mary R. Koch]]''
* Mary Robinson Koch (1907–1990),<ref name=FMK>{{cite web|url=http://www.fmkfoundation.org/history.asp |title=Fred and Mary Koch Foundation |publisher=Fmkfoundation.org |date= |accessdate=2014-05-23 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20131114070358/http://www.fmkfoundation.org/history.asp |archivedate=2013-11-14 |df= }}</ref> istri Fred C. dan asal nama kapal tanker milik perusahaan, ''[[Mary R. Koch]]''
* Empat putra Fred C. dan Mary Robinson Koch:<ref name=FMK/>
* Empat putra Fred C. dan Mary Robinson Koch:<ref name=FMK/>

Revisi terkini sejak 10 April 2024 10.08

Artikel ini bukan mengenai Dinasti Koch.
Lihat pula: Koch Industries

Keluarga Koch (/koʊk/ kohk) adalah keluarga Amerika Serikat yang berkecimpung di dunia bisnis. Mereka terkenal karena aktivitas politiknya (menyumbang ke lembaga-lembaga libertarian, reformasi pengadilan pidana, dan Partai Republik) dan menguasai Koch Industries, perusahaan swasta terbesar kedua di Amerika Serikat (pendapatan $100 miliar pada tahun 2017).[1] Bisnis keluarga ini dirintis oleh Fred C. Koch, penemu metode perengkahan baru untuk menyuling minyak mentah berat menjadi bensin.[2][3] Keempat anak Fred saling menggugat satu sama lain atas kepentingan mereka dalam perusahaan ini pada tahun 1980-an dan 1990-an.[4]

Charles G. Koch dan David H. Koch, biasa dijuluki Koch bersaudara (Koch brothers), berafiliasi dengan yayasan keluarga Koch. Charles adalah satu-satunya anak Fred yang masih bekerja di Koch Industries.[5] Charles dan David Koch telah membangun jaringan politik yang beranggotakan donatur-donatur konservatif. Keduanya menanamkan pendapatan mereka untuk mendanai iklan televisi dan multimedia.[6]

Anggota keluarga

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Lihat pula

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Referensi

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  1. ^ "Forbes America's Largest Private Companies". Forbes.com. Diakses tanggal 2017-08-09. 
  2. ^ Koch, Charles C. (2007). The Science of Success: How Market-Based Management Built the World's Largest Private Company. John Wiley & Sons. hlm. 6. ISBN 978-0-470-13988-2. 
  3. ^ "Koch Industries, Inc". Company Profile Report. Hoover's, Inc. 2010. Diakses tanggal 2010-05-10. [W]hen he tried to market his invention, the major oil companies sued him for patent infringement. Koch eventually won the lawsuits (after 15 years in court), but the controversy made it tough [?!] to attract many US customers. 
  4. ^ "Epic struggle among Koch brothers ends". Houston Chronicle. May 26, 2001. hlm. 2. 
  5. ^ Schulman, Daniel (2014-05-20). "Koch vs. Koch: The Brutal Battle That Tore Apart America's Most Powerful Family". Mother Jones. Diakses tanggal 2014-06-21. 
  6. ^ Reid Wilson (February 7, 2014). "Why there's no Democratic version of the Koch brothers organization". Washington Post. 
  7. ^ Davis, Jonathan T. (1997). Forbes Richest People: The Forbes Annual Profile of the World's Wealthiest Men and Women. Wiley. hlm. 138. ISBN 978-0-471-17751-7. Founding member (1958) John Birch Society  – reportedly after seeing Russian friends liquidated 
  8. ^ Hoover's 500: Profiles of America's Largest Business Enterprises. Hoover's Business Press. 1996. hlm. 286. ISBN 978-1-57311-009-9. In 1929 Koch took his process to the Soviet Union, but he grew disenchanted with Stalinism and returned home to become a founding member of the anticommunist John Birch Society. 
  9. ^ Wayne, Leslie (7 December 1986). "Brothers at Odds". The New York Times. NY. hlm. Sec. 6; Part 2, p 100 col. 1. ISSN 0362-4331. He returned a fervent anti-Communist who would later become a founding member of the John Birch Society. 
  10. ^ Diamond, Sara (1995). Roads to Dominion: Right-Wing Movements and Political Power in the United States. NY: Guilford Press. hlm. 324 n. 86. ISBN 0-89862-862-8. 
  11. ^ a b "Fred and Mary Koch Foundation". Fmkfoundation.org. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-11-14. Diakses tanggal 2014-05-23. 
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