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Revisi per 21 Juni 2010 05.22

Niniwe (Akkadia: Ninua; Aramaik: ܢܸܢܘܵܐ; bahasa Ibrani: נינוה‎, Nīnewē; bahasa Yunani: Νινευη; bahasa Latin: Nineve; Arab: نينوى, Naīnuwa), adalah kota kuna yang disebut "kota yang luar biasa agung" dalam Kitab Yunus. Kota ini terletak di tepian timur sungai Tigris dan merupakan ibu kota kerajaan Asiria purba. Situs kota purbakala ini terletak tepat di seberang kota Mosul, di Provinsi Ninawa, Irak.

36°21′34″N 43°09′10″E / 36.35944°N 43.15278°E / 36.35944; 43.15278

Geografi

Reruntuhan utama di Niniwe adalah timbunan gundukanKouyunjik dan Nabī Yūnus yang terletak pada kawasan dataran rata tempat bertemunya sungai Tigris dengan sungai Khosr dalam kawasan seluas 1.800-ekar (7 km²) yang dikelilingi tembok bata berukuran 12-kilometer (7,5 mi). Kawasan luas ini kini merupakan kawasan reruntuhan luas yang sebagian wilayahnya kini menjadi kawasan pinggiran permukiman kota Mosul.

Niniwe adalah tempat persimpangan jalur perniagaan yang melalui sungai Tigris. Kota purba ini menempati posisi tengah antara Laut Tengah dengan Samudra Hindia, maka kota ini menghubungkan timur dan barat. Berkat posisi pentingnya bagi perdagangan; berbagai komoditas perdagangan, uang, dan kekayaan mengalir dari berbagai tempat ke Niniwe. Akibatnya kota ini menjadi salah satu kota terbesar dan terkaya pada zaman purba di Mesopotamia.^[1]

Catatan

^ "Proud Nineveh" is a constant emblem of earthly pride in the Old Testament prophecies: "And He will stretch out His hand against the north And destroy Assyria, And He will make Nineveh a desolation, Parched like the wilderness." (Zephaniah 2:13).

Artikel ini menggunakan sebagian teks dari Kamus Alkitab Easton, sebuah buku ranah publik, aslinya diterbitkan pada 1897.

Pranala luar

Joanne Farchakh-Bajjaly photos of Nineveh taken in May 2003 showing damage from looters.
John Malcolm Russell, "Stolen stones: the modern sack of Nineveh" in Archaeology; looting of sculptures in the 1990s.
Nineveh page at the British Museum's website. Includes photographs of items from their collection.
University of California Digital Nineveh Archives A teaching and research tool presenting a comprehensive picture of Nineveh within the history of archaeology in the Near East, including a searchable data repository for meaningful analysis of currently unlinked sets of data from different areas of the site and different episodes in the 160-year history of excavations.
CyArk Digital Nineveh Archives, publicly accessible, free depository of the data from the previously-linked UC Berkeley Nineveh Archives project, fully linked and georeferenced in a UC Berkeley/CyArk research partnership to develop the archive for open web use. Includes creative commons-licensed media items.
ABC 3: Babylonian Chronicle Concerning the Fall of Nineveh
Layard's Nineveh and its Remains- full text
A history
Austen Henry Layard - Nineveh and Its Remains full book readable

[1] "Proud Nineveh" is a constant emblem of earthly pride in the Old Testament prophecies: "And He will stretch out His hand against the north And destroy Assyria, And He will make Nineveh a desolation, Parched like the wilderness." (Zephaniah 2:13).

[1]

@@ Baris 5: / Baris 5: @@
 {{Coord|36|21|34|N|43|09|10|E|type:city|display=title}}
-==Geografi==
+== Geografi ==
 Reruntuhan utama di Niniwe adalah timbunan gundukan'''Kouyunjik''' dan '''''Nabī Yūnus''''' yang terletak pada kawasan dataran rata tempat bertemunya sungai Tigris dengan sungai [[Khosr]] dalam kawasan seluas {{convert|1800|acre|km2|0|adj=on}} yang dikelilingi tembok bata berukuran {{convert|12|km|mi|1|adj=on}}. Kawasan luas ini kini merupakan kawasan reruntuhan luas yang sebagian wilayahnya kini menjadi kawasan pinggiran permukiman kota Mosul.
 Niniwe adalah tempat persimpangan jalur perniagaan yang melalui sungai Tigris. Kota purba ini menempati posisi tengah antara [[Laut Tengah]] dengan [[Samudra Hindia]], maka kota ini menghubungkan timur dan barat. Berkat posisi pentingnya bagi perdagangan; berbagai komoditas perdagangan, uang, dan kekayaan mengalir dari berbagai tempat ke Niniwe. Akibatnya kota ini menjadi salah satu kota terbesar dan terkaya pada zaman purba di [[Mesopotamia]].<ref>"Proud Nineveh" is a constant emblem of earthly pride in the Old Testament prophecies: "And He will stretch out His hand against the north And destroy Assyria, And He will make Nineveh a desolation, Parched like the wilderness." ([[Zephaniah]] 2:13).</ref>
-==Catatan==
+== Catatan ==
 {{Reflist}}
-*{{eastons}}
+* {{eastons}}
-==Pranala luar==
+== Pranala luar ==
 {{Wiktionary|Nineveh}}
 {{Commons category|Nineveh}}
-*[http://oi.uchicago.edu/OI/IRAQ/dbfiles/farchakh/sitephotos.htm#niniveh_a  Joanne Farchakh-Bajjaly photos] of Nineveh taken in May 2003 showing damage from looters.
+* [http://oi.uchicago.edu/OI/IRAQ/dbfiles/farchakh/sitephotos.htm#niniveh_a Joanne Farchakh-Bajjaly photos] of Nineveh taken in May 2003 showing damage from looters.
-*[http://www.archaeology.org/online/features/nineveh/ John Malcolm Russell, "Stolen stones: the modern sack of Nineveh"] in ''Archaeology''; looting of sculptures in the 1990s.
+* [http://www.archaeology.org/online/features/nineveh/ John Malcolm Russell, "Stolen stones: the modern sack of Nineveh"] in ''Archaeology''; looting of sculptures in the 1990s.
-*[http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/galleries/middle_east/room_9_assyria_nineveh.aspx Nineveh page] at the British Museum's website. Includes photographs of items from their collection.
+* [http://www.britishmuseum.org/explore/galleries/middle_east/room_9_assyria_nineveh.aspx Nineveh page] at the British Museum's website. Includes photographs of items from their collection.
-*[http://www.digitalnineveharchives.org University of California Digital Nineveh Archives] A teaching and research tool presenting a comprehensive picture of Nineveh within the history of archaeology in the Near East,  including a searchable data repository for meaningful analysis of currently unlinked sets of data from different areas of the site and different episodes in the 160-year history of excavations.
+* [http://www.digitalnineveharchives.org University of California Digital Nineveh Archives] A teaching and research tool presenting a comprehensive picture of Nineveh within the history of archaeology in the Near East, including a searchable data repository for meaningful analysis of currently unlinked sets of data from different areas of the site and different episodes in the 160-year history of excavations.
-*[http://archive.cyark.org/nineveh-region-info CyArk Digital Nineveh Archives], publicly accessible, free depository of the data from the previously-linked UC Berkeley Nineveh Archives project, fully linked and georeferenced in a [[UC Berkeley]]/[[CyArk]] research partnership to develop the archive for open web use. Includes creative commons-licensed media items.
+* [http://archive.cyark.org/nineveh-region-info CyArk Digital Nineveh Archives], publicly accessible, free depository of the data from the previously-linked UC Berkeley Nineveh Archives project, fully linked and georeferenced in a [[UC Berkeley]]/[[CyArk]] research partnership to develop the archive for open web use. Includes creative commons-licensed media items.
-*[http://www.livius.org/ne-nn/nineveh/nineveh02.html ''ABC'' 3]: Babylonian Chronicle Concerning the Fall of Nineveh
+* [http://www.livius.org/ne-nn/nineveh/nineveh02.html ''ABC'' 3]: Babylonian Chronicle Concerning the Fall of Nineveh
-*[http://books.google.com/books?as_brr=1&id=llVFb6qLmsgC&vid=OCLC15094280&dq=greek+pottery&jtp=1 Layard's Nineveh and its Remains- full text]
+* [http://books.google.com/books?as_brr=1&id=llVFb6qLmsgC&vid=OCLC15094280&dq=greek+pottery&jtp=1 Layard's Nineveh and its Remains- full text]
-*[http://history-world.org/nineveh.htm A history]
+* [http://history-world.org/nineveh.htm A history]
-*[http://books.google.se/books?id=llVFb6qLmsgC Austen Henry Layard - Nineveh and Its Remains] full book readable
+* [http://books.google.se/books?id=llVFb6qLmsgC Austen Henry Layard - Nineveh and Its Remains] full book readable
 [[Kategori:Asiria]]
@@ Baris 38: / Baris 38: @@
 [[da:Ninive]]
 [[de:Ninive]]
+[[el:Νινευή]]
 [[en:Nineveh]]
-[[el:Νινευή]]
-[[es:Nínive]]
 [[eo:Ninevo]]
+[[es:Nínive]]
 [[eu:Ninive]]
 [[fa:نینوا]]
+[[fi:Ninive]]
 [[fr:Ninive]]
 [[gl:Nínive]]
-[[ko:니네베]]
+[[he:נינוה]]
-[[hy:Նինվե]]
 [[hr:Niniva]]
+[[hu:Ninive]]
+[[hy:Նինվե]]
 [[it:Ninive]]
+[[ja:ニネヴェ (メソポタミア)]]
-[[he:נינוה]]
 [[ka:ნინევია]]
+[[ko:니네베]]
 [[ku:Nînewa]]
-[[hu:Ninive]]
 [[nl:Ninive]]
-[[ja:ニネヴェ (メソポタミア)]]
 [[no:Ninive]]
 [[pl:Niniwa]]
@@ Baris 62: / Baris 63: @@
 [[ru:Ниневия]]
 [[sc:Ninive]]
+[[sh:Niniva]]
 [[sk:Ninive]]
 [[sr:Нинива]]
-[[sh:Niniva]]
-[[fi:Ninive]]
 [[sv:Nineve]]
-[[tl:Ninive]]
 [[th:นิเนเวห์]]
+[[tl:Ninive]]
 [[tr:Ninova]]
 [[ur:نینوا]]