7Q5: Perbedaan antara revisi
JohnThorne (bicara | kontrib) Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan |
JohnThorne (bicara | kontrib) Tidak ada ringkasan suntingan |
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Baris 65: | Baris 65: | ||
e'''d. And cr'''ossing over [unto the land] <br> |
e'''d. And cr'''ossing over [unto the land] <br> |
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they came unto Ge'''nnes'''aret and <br> |
they came unto Ge'''nnes'''aret and <br> |
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drew to the |
drew to the '''pantai'''. And com- <br> |
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ing forth out of the boat immediately <br> |
ing forth out of the boat immediately <br> |
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they recognized him. |
they recognized him. |
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== |
== Argumen == |
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[[Image:Cave7Q.JPG|right|thumb|200px| |
[[Image:Cave7Q.JPG|right|thumb|200px|Gua ke-7 di Qumran, dimana 7Q5 ditemukan.]] |
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Argumen yang mendukung adalah: |
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The argument is weighted on two points. |
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* Spasi sebelum '''και''' <kai> ("dan") menyatakan alinea baru, yang konsisten dengan tatanan Injil Markus di naskah-naskah kuno. |
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* First, the spacing before the word '''και''' <kai> ("and") signifies a paragraph break, which is consistent with the normative layout of Mark in early copies. Secondly, the combination of letters '''ννησ''' <nnes> found in line 4 is highly characteristic and may point at the word Γε'''ννησ'''αρετ <[[Gennesaret]]>, found three times in the New Testament. |
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*Kombinasi huruf-huruf '''ννησ''' <nnes> pada baris ke-4 sangat karakteristik untuk Γε'''ννησ'''αρετ <[[Genesaret]]>, yang ditemukan 3 kali dalam Perjanjian Baru |
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* Furthermore, a computer search "using the most elaborate Greek texts ... has failed to yield any text other than Mark 6:52-53 for the combination of letters identified by O’Callaghan et al. in 7Q5".<ref>Thiede n. 31, pp. 40-41</ref> |
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*Pencarian menyeluruh dengan komputer pada naskah-naskah Yunani "gagal menemukan teks lain selain Markus 6:52-53 untuk kombinasi huruf-huruf yang diidentifikasi oleh O’Callaghan dan kawan-kawan dalam 7Q5".<ref>Thiede n. 31, pp. 40-41</ref> |
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Argumen yang menentang adalah: |
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Several counterarguments exist. |
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*Spasi sebelum kata '''και''' <kai> ("dan") dapat merupakan alinea baru, tetapi juga ditemukan di antara kata-kata (Pap. Bodmer XXIV, plate 26; dalam Qumran di fragmen 4Q122), jadi mungkin tidak tergantung struktur teks. |
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* The spacing before the word '''και''' <kai> ("and") might be a paragraph break. But spacings of this width can be found in papyri sometimes even within words (Pap. Bodmer XXIV, plate 26; in Qumran in fragment 4Q122). Other examples in the Qumran texts show that the word '''και''' <kai> ("and") in many cases was separated with spacings - and this has in many cases nothing to do with the text's structure. |
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* |
*Urutan huruf '''ννησ''' memang tidak umum di dalam bahasa Yunani, kata εγε'''ννησ'''εν <egennesen> ("memperanakkan") juga mengandung 4 huruf. Ini yang asalnya diusulkan dalam edisi pertama (''editio princeps'') naskah Laut Mati yang diterbitkan tahun [[1962]], sehingga selama bertahun-tahun dianggap bagian dari silsilah. |
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*Untuk mengidentifikasi fragmen dengan Markus 6:52-53, huruf asli '''d''' <d> harus diganti dengan '''t''' <t> pada baris ke-3, meskipun ini pernah ditemukan di naskah Yunani lain dimana 2 huruf disalah tempatkan, tetapi ini menghasilkan kata yang tidak diketahui maknanya.<ref name="wallace">{{Cite journal |
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* In order to identify the fragment with Mark 6:52-53, one must account for the replacement of original '''δ''' <d> with '''τ''' <t> in line 3, and, although such difference is not without parallel in ancient Greek where two similar meaning words might be confused, the suggested reading requires the misspelling of a prepositional prefix to create an unknown word.<ref name="wallace">{{Clarify|date=September 2009}} |
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*{{Cite journal |
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|first=Daniel |
|first=Daniel |
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|last=Wallace |
|last=Wallace |
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Baris 89: | Baris 89: | ||
|url=http://www.bible.org/page.php?page_id=1196 |
|url=http://www.bible.org/page.php?page_id=1196 |
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|postscript=<!--None--> |
|postscript=<!--None--> |
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}} |
}} dikutip dalam {{cite book |
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|pages=252 |
|pages=252 |
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|url=http://books.google.com/?id=o7futW840scC&pg=PA252&vq=7q5&dq=7q5 |
|url=http://books.google.com/?id=o7futW840scC&pg=PA252&vq=7q5&dq=7q5 |
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Baris 101: | Baris 101: | ||
}} |
}} |
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</ref> |
</ref> |
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* |
*Karena panjang baris dalam setiap kolom hampir sama panjangnya, maka diduga kata-kata ep? t?? ??? <epi ten gen> ("ke darat") dihilangkan, tapi ini tidak pernah ditemukan.<ref name="wallace"/> |
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* The identification of the last letter in line 2 with ''nu'' has been strongly disputed because it does not fit into the pattern of this Greek letter as it is clearly written in line 4.<ref>Gundry (1999)</ref> |
* The identification of the last letter in line 2 with ''nu'' has been strongly disputed because it does not fit into the pattern of this Greek letter as it is clearly written in line 4.<ref>Gundry (1999)</ref> |
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*Pencarian komputer Thiede berasumsi bahwa semua identifikasi O'Callaghan benar, tetapi jika huruf "t" dipakai untuk baris ke-3 maka tidak ditemukan Mk 6:52-53.<ref>See Wallace, footnote 18.</ref> |
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* The computer search performed by Thiede assumed that all the disputed letter identifications made by O'Callaghan were correct. However, a similar search performed by scholar Daniel Wallace, but allowing other possible identifications for the disputed letters, found sixteen matches.<ref name="wallace"/> If a computer search is performed with the undisputed letters of the fragment 7Q5 it will not find the text Mk 6,52-53, because the undisputed letter '''τ''' in line 3 does not fit to this text.<ref>See Wallace, footnote 18.</ref> |
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== |
== Signifikan == |
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Jika 7Q5 benar-benar dari {{Alkitab|Markus 6:52-53}} dan disimpan di gua Qumran sebelum tahun 68 M, maka ini merupakan salah satu naskah Perjanjian Baru tertua, lebih tua dari [[:en:Rylands Library Papyrus P52|Rylands Library Papirus P52]] beberapa puluh tahun.<ref> |
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Since the amount of text in the manuscript is so small, even a confirmation of 7Q5 as Markan "might mean nothing more than that the contents of these few verses were already formalized, not necessarily that there was a manuscript of Mark's Gospel on hand".<ref> |
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{{cite book |
{{cite book |
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|pages=11 |
|pages=11 |
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Baris 121: | Baris 119: | ||
|location=Nashville, TN |
|location=Nashville, TN |
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}} |
}} |
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⚫ | |||
</ref> Since the entirety of the find in Cave 7 consists of fragments in Greek, it is possible that the contents of this cave are of a separate "Hellenized" library than the Hebrew texts found in the other caves. Additionally, as Robert Eisenman points out: "Most scholars agree that the scrolls were deposited in the cave in or around 68 AD, but often mistake this date...for the ''[[terminus ad quem]]'' for the deposit of the scrolls in the caves/cessation of Jewish habitation at the site, when it cannot be considered anything but the ''[[terminus ad quem|terminus a quo]]'' for both of these, i.e., not the latest but the ''earliest'' possible date for such a deposit and/or Jewish abandonment of the site. The actual ''terminus ad quem'' for both of these events, however difficult it may be to accept at first, is 136 AD."(''italics his'')<ref> |
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{{cite book |
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|pages=129–30 |
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|url=http://www.amazon.com/Dead-Sea-Scrolls-First-Christians/dp/0785818855/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qisbn=1196029728&sr=1-1 |
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|first=Robert |
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|last=Eisenman |
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|title=The Dead Sea Scrolls and the First Christians |
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|publisher=Element Books, Inc. |
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|year=1996 |
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|isbn=1-85230-785-4 |
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|location=Rockport, MA |
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}}</ref>. So, for this is long after the currently accepted date range for the composition of [[Gospel of Mark|Mark]], according to Eisenman this would mean the even if it could be proved that 7Q5 is a Mark's fragment, an earlier composition date for the gospel could not be proved. However, Eisenman's objection can be con confuted on paleographical grounds; in fact, the fragment has been analysed and dated paleographically, and the upper limit of its date is 50 AD<ref> |
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[http://bible.org/article/7q5-earliest-nt-papyrus]. Alan Johnson: "Why all the furor? What is at stake? A number of things: (1) If this identification is correct, it would be the earliest NT MS by some 50-100 years;8 (2) on paleographical grounds, since the upper limit of its date is 50 CE, this would put Mark in the 40’s at the latest" |
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⚫ | |||
--> |
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==Lihat pula== |
==Lihat pula== |
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*[[4Q108]] |
*[[4Q108]] |
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*[[4QMMT]] |
*[[4QMMT]] |
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*[[Naskah Laut Mati]] |
*[[Naskah Laut Mati]] |
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==Referensi== |
==Referensi== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
Revisi per 7 November 2011 20.53
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/7Q5.jpg/220px-7Q5.jpg)
7Q5 adalah kode untuk sepotong fragmen papirus di antara Naskah Laut Mati yang ditemukan di gua ke-7 komunitas Qumran. Menurut Romo Jose O´Callaghan dalam karyanya ¿Papiros neotestamentarios en la cueva 7 de Qumrân? ("Papirus Perjanjian Baru di gua 7, Qumran?") tahun 1972 merupakan potongan dari Markus 6:52–53. Karyanya kemudian dikembangkan oleh pakar Jerman, Carsten Peter Thiede dalam karyanya The Earliest Gospel Manuscript? ("Naskah Injil Tertua?") tahun 1982. Mayoritas pakar tidak yakin akan pendapat O'Callaghan dan Thiede.[1][2][3][4]
Identifikasi O'Callaghan
Teks bahasa Yunani dari Markus 6:52–53, dengan huruf tebal menunjukkan yang bisa dibaca dari fragmen 7Q5:[5]
ου γαρ
συνηκαν επι τοις αρτοις,
αλλ ην αυτων η καρδια πεπωρω-
μενη. και διαπερασαντες [επι την γην]
ηλθον εις γεννησαρετ και
προσωρμισθησαν. και εξελ-
θοντων αυτων εκ του πλοιου ευθυς
επιγνοντες αυτον.
}} dikutip dalam Cox, Stephen L. (2007). Harmony of the Gospels. Broadman & Holman. hlm. 252. ISBN 0-8054-9444-8.
</ref>
- Karena panjang baris dalam setiap kolom hampir sama panjangnya, maka diduga kata-kata ep? t?? ??? <epi ten gen> ("ke darat") dihilangkan, tapi ini tidak pernah ditemukan.[6]
- The identification of the last letter in line 2 with nu has been strongly disputed because it does not fit into the pattern of this Greek letter as it is clearly written in line 4.[7]
- Pencarian komputer Thiede berasumsi bahwa semua identifikasi O'Callaghan benar, tetapi jika huruf "t" dipakai untuk baris ke-3 maka tidak ditemukan Mk 6:52-53.[8]
Signifikan
Jika 7Q5 benar-benar dari Markus 6:52–53 dan disimpan di gua Qumran sebelum tahun 68 M, maka ini merupakan salah satu naskah Perjanjian Baru tertua, lebih tua dari Rylands Library Papirus P52 beberapa puluh tahun.[9]
Lihat pula
Referensi
- ^
Millard, A. R. (2000). Reading and Writing in the Time of Jesus. NYU Press. hlm. 56. ISBN 0-8147-5637-9.
C.P. Thiede drew on papyrology, statistics and forensic microscopy to try to prove O'Callaghan's case, yet without convincing the majority of leading specialists.
- ^ McCready, Wayne O. (1997). "The Historical Jesus and the Dead Sea Scrolls". Dalam Arnal, William E.; Desjardins, Michael. Whose Historical Jesus?. Waterloo, ON: Wilfrid Laurier University Press. hlm. 193. ISBN 0-88920-295-8.. "Secara umum, tesis O'Callaghan disambut dengan skeptik karena fragmen ini kecil dan hampir tak terbaca, dan sulit dicocokkan dengan versi Injil Markus yang ada."
- ^ "... Qumran ms. 7Q5 ... is captioned as if it contains a fragment of Mark: it was of course O’Callaghan who made that controversial — and now virtually universally rejected - identication of this Dead Sea text as a piece of the New Testament ..." Elliot (2004), JK, Book Notes, Novum Testamentum, Volume 45, Number 2, 2003 , pp. 203.
- ^ Gundry(1999), p.698
- ^ VanderKam, James (2004). The Meaning of the Dead Sea Scrolls : Their Significance for Understanding the Bible, Judaism, Jesus, and Christianity (edisi ke-First HarperCollins paperback). New York: HarperCollins. hlm. 315. ISBN 0-06-068465-8.
- ^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag
<ref>
tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernamawallace
- ^ Gundry (1999)
- ^ See Wallace, footnote 18.
- ^ Picirilli, Robert E. (2003). The Gospel of Mark (edisi ke-first). Nashville, TN: Randall House Publications. hlm. 11. ISBN 0-89265-500-3.
- Gundry, Robert H. (1999). "No NU in Line 2 of 7Q5: A Final Disidentification of 7Q5 With Mark 6:52-53". Journal of Biblical Literature. The Society of Biblical Literature. 118 (4): 698–707. doi:10.2307/3268112. JSTOR 3268112.
- Thiede, Carsten Peter (1992). The Earliest Gospel Manuscript?: the Qumran Papyrus 7Q5 and its Significance for New Testament Studies. Exeter: Paternoster Press. ISBN 0-85364-507-8.
Pustaka tambahan
- Enste(2000), Stefan: Kein Markustext in Qumran. Eine Untersuchung der These: Qumran-Fragment 7Q5 = Mk 6,52-53, Freiburg/Göttingen 2000 (NTOA 45).
- Estrada, David and White, Jr., William: The First New Testament, Nashville/Thomas Nelson Inc. 1978, ISBN 0-8407-5121-4.