Ahmad bin Billah: Perbedaan antara revisi
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k r2.7.1) (bot Menambah: uk:Ахмед Бен Белла |
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{{Infobox President |
{{Infobox President |
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| name=Mohamed Ahmed Ben Bella |
| name=Mohamed Ahmed Ben Bella |
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| image= |
| image= Benbella.jpgKhider_-_Lacheraf_-_A%C3%AFt_Ahmed_-_Boudiaf_-_Ben_Bella.jpg |
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| caption=Ben Bella |
| caption=Ben Bella |
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| order=[[Presiden Aljazair]] ke-3 |
| order=[[Presiden Aljazair]] ke-3 |
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| term_start=[[15 September]] [[1963]] |
| term_start=[[15 September]] [[1963]] |
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'''Mohamed Ahmed Ben Bella''' (Muhammad Ahmad Bin Balla) ([[Bahasa Arab|Arab]]: أحمد بن بلّة), lahir [[25 Desember]] [[1918]], [[Maghnia]], [[Aljazair]]) menjabat [[Presiden Aljazair|Presiden]] [[Aljazair]] yang pertama dan dijuluki sebagai [[Bapak Bangsa]]. |
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'''Mohamed Ahmed Ben Bella''' (Muhammad Ahmad Bin Balla) ([[Bahasa Arab|Arab]]: أحمد بن بلّة), lahir [[25 Desember]] [[1918]], [[Maghnia]], [[Aljazair]]) menjabat [[Presiden Aljazair|Presiden]] [[Aljazair]] yang pertama dan dijuluki sebagai [[Bapak Bangsa]]. <!--Ben Bella was born in a small village in western Algeria during the height of the [[France|French]] colonial period to a [[Sufi]] [[Muslim]] family. He attended school in Tlemclen and was disturbed by the discrimination towards Muslims by his European teacher. He failed his ''brevet'' exam, and subsequently dropped out of school. He was called to French military service in 1936, two years early because his father had altered his civil status when he was to sit for his exams in Maghnia from 1918 to 1916. He was sent to Marseille, and while there he played center mid-field for the l'Olympique de Marseille. He was offered a professional spot on the team, but he rejected the offer. Ben Bella returned to Algeria to find his father and three of his brothers dead and the fourth dying. He was soon called back to the army. He joined the Italian Campaign to liberate Italy. Service in the French military benefitted Ben Bella in two major ways: he learned military skills and saw first hand the discrimination and inequality of the Algerian people under French colonial control. |
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[[Berkas:Khider_-_Lacheraf_-_A%C3%AFt_Ahmed_-_Boudiaf_-_Ben_Bella.jpg|thumb|200px|pembebasan Ben bella]] |
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==Before independence== |
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During the [[Second World War]] he served in the [[Free French]] army, and was decorated for bravery. He was one of the founding members of the [[Front de Libération Nationale]]. He was arrested by the French in [[1956]], after his airplane had been controversially intercepted and brought to France, and spent until [[1962]] in prison. While in prison he was elected a vice-premier of the Algerian [[provisional government]]. Ben Bella's first language was [[French language|French]], not [[Arabic language|Arabic]], and it was not until he travelled to [[Egypt]] while trying to gain support for the Algerian independence struggle that he actually learned Arabic. While in Egypt, Ben Bella met the Egyptian president, [[Gamel Abdel Nasser]]. When Nasser brought Ben Bella to speak for the first time to an Egyptian audience, he broke into tears because he could not speak [[Arabic language|Arabic]]. It has been said that he refused to teach his own daughter French because he wanted her to learn Arabic first and not be in the same position he was. Like many [[Arab]] militants of the time, he would come to describe himself as a "[[Nasserism|Nasserist]]" and developed close ties to Egypt even before independence was achieved. Nasser's material, emotional and political support of the Algerian movement would come to cause him troubles, as it played a major role in France's choice to wage war on him during the [[1956]] [[Suez Crisis]]. |
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==Algerian independence== |
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After [[Algeria]]'s independence was recognized, Ben Bella quickly became more popular, and thereby more powerful. In June 1962, he challenged the leadership of Premier [[Benyoucef Ben Khedda]]; this led to several disputes among his rivals in the FLN, which were quickly suppressed by Ben Bella's rapidly growing number of supporters, most notably within the armed forces. By September, Bella was in control of Algeria by all but name, and was elected as premier in a one-sided election on [[20 September]], which was recognized by the United States on [[September 29]]. [[Algeria]] was admitted as the 109th member of the [[United Nations]] on [[8 October]] 1962. Afterwards, Ben Bella declared that Algeria would follow a neutral course in world politics; within a week he met with [[U.S. President]] [[John F. Kennedy]] requesting more aid for [[Algeria]], and with [[Fidel Castro]], expressing approval of Castro's demands for the abandonment of [[Guantánamo Bay, Cuba|Guantanamo Bay]], and returned to Algeria requesting that [[France]] withdraw from its bases there. |
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In [[1963]] he was elected President in an uncontested election, and also led Algeria's costly but ultimately victorious defense against Moroccan invasion in the [[Sand war]]. After stabilizing the country, Ben Bella embarked on a series of popular but somewhat anarchic land reforms to the benefit of landless farmers, and increasingly turned to socialist rhetoric. In balancing factions within the Algerian government, notably the FLN army, the former guerrillas and the state bureaucracy, his rule became increasingly autocratic. Eccentric and arrogant behaviour towards colleagues is said to have alienated many former supporters, and, while he promoted the development of his own cult of personality, by [[1964]] he was dedicating more time to foriegn affairs than local political developments. In [[1965]], Ben Bella was deposed by army strongman and close friend [[Houari Boumédiènne]] in [[1965]], and placed under house arrest until [[1980]], when he was granted exile in [[Switzerland]]. He lived for 10 years in [[Lausanne]], but was allowed to return to his homeland in [[1990]]. |
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==Recent activities== |
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Ben Bella was elected President of the [[International Campaign Against Aggression on Iraq]] at its [[Cairo]] Conference. Ben Bella has described himself numerous times in interviews as an [[Islamist]] of a mild and peace loving flavor. Despite his former [[one party state]] he now vocally advocates democracy in Algeria. He has described the militant voice rising in the Islamic world as having developed from an incorrect and faulty interpretation of [[Islam]]. He is a controversial figure, but widely respected for his role in the anti-colonial struggle, and seen by many Arab intellectuals as one of the last original [[Arab nationalism|Arab nationalists]].--> |
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== Pranala luar == |
== Pranala luar == |
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Revisi per 17 November 2011 07.28
Mohamed Ahmed Ben Bella | |
|---|---|
| Berkas:Benbella.jpgKhider - Lacheraf - Aït Ahmed - Boudiaf - Ben Bella.jpg Ben Bella | |
| Presiden Aljazair ke-3 | |
| Masa jabatan 15 September 1963 – 19 Juni 1965 | |
| Informasi pribadi | |
| Lahir | 25 Desember 1916 Maghnia, Aljazair |
| Partai politik | Front Liberasi Nasional |
| Penghargaan | |
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Mohamed Ahmed Ben Bella (Muhammad Ahmad Bin Balla) (Arab: أحمد بن بلّة), lahir 25 Desember 1918, Maghnia, Aljazair) menjabat Presiden Aljazair yang pertama dan dijuluki sebagai Bapak Bangsa.
Pranala luar
- Ben Bella's biography from rulers.org
- Profile of the ruler
- French Biography
- Spartacus Source
- Africa Database
- BBC on June 20, 1965 - on the coup against Ben Bella.
- The liberation of the people in the South is still unachieved by Ahmed Ben bella, Voltaire Network, 9 May 2006.
| Didahului oleh: Ferhat Abbas |
Presiden Aljazair 1962–1965 |
Diteruskan oleh: Houari Boumédiènne |
| Didahului oleh: Tidak Ada |
Perdana Menteri Aljazair 1962–1963 |
Diteruskan oleh: Posisi Kosong sejak 1979 |
 | Artikel bertopik politikus ini adalah sebuah rintisan. Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya. |