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{{Coord|52|17|N|0|50|W|display=title}}
{{kembangkan}}[[Berkas:EnglandNorthamptonshire.png|right|223px|Letak Northamptonshire di Inggris]]
{{Infobox England county
'''Northamptonshire''' merupakan sebuah county di [[Inggris]] yang memiliki luas wilayah 2.364 km² dan populasi 651.800 jiwa ([[2005]]). Ibu kotanya ialah [[Northampton]].
| name = Northamptonshire
| image = [[File:County Flag of Northamptonshire.png|border|160px]]<br>Flag
| motto =<br>Rosa concordia signum (The rose: emblem of harmony)
| map = [[File:Northamptonshire UK locator map 2010.svg|200px|Northamptonshire within England]]
| status = [[Ceremonial counties of England|Ceremonial]] and [[Metropolitan and non-metropolitan counties of England|non-metropolitan]] county
| origin =
| region = [[East Midlands]]
| arearank = [[List of ceremonial counties of England|Ranked 24th]]
| area_km2 = 2364
| adminarearank = [[List of ceremonial counties of England|Ranked 22nd]]
| adminhq = [[Northampton]]
| iso = GB-NTH
| ons = 34
| nuts3 = UKF23
| poprank = [[List of ceremonial counties of England|Ranked {{English cerem counties|RNK=Northamptonshire}}]]
| popestdate = {{English statistics year}}
| pop = {{English cerem counties|POP=Northamptonshire}}
| density_km2 = {{English cerem counties|DEN=Northamptonshire}}
| adminpoprank = [[List of non-metropolitan counties of England by population|Ranked {{English admin counties|RNK=Northamptonshire}}]]
| ethnicity = 95.1% White<br />2.0% South Asian<br />1.2% Black British.
| council = [[File:Coat of arms of Northamptonshire County Council.png|200px|Arms of Northamptonshire County Council]]<br />Northamptonshire County Council<br />http://www.northamptonshire.gov.uk/
| exec = {{English county control|CTY=Northamptonshire}}
| mps = * [[Brian Binley]] [[Conservative Party (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Peter Bone]] [[Conservative Party (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Michael Ellis (British politician)|Michael Ellis]] [[Conservative Party (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Chris Heaton-Harris]] [[Conservative Party (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Philip Hollobone]] [[Conservative Party (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Andrea Leadsom]] [[Conservative Party (UK)|(C)]]
* [[Louise Mensch]] [[Conservative Party (UK)|(C)]]


| subdivmap = [[Image:NorthamptonshireNumbered.png]]
== Pranala luar ==
| subdivs = #[[South Northamptonshire]]
* [http://www.northamptonshire.gov.uk/ Situs resmi]
# [[Northampton]]
# [[Daventry (district)|Daventry]]
# [[Wellingborough (borough)|Wellingborough]]
# [[Kettering (borough)|Kettering]]
# [[Corby]]
# [[East Northamptonshire]]
}}
'''Northamptonshire''' ({{IPAc-en|icon|n|ɔr|ˈ|θ|æ|m|p|t|ən|ʃ|ər}} or {{IPAc-en|n|ɔr|θ|ˈ|h|æ|m|p|t|ən|ʃ|ɪər}}; archaically, the '''County of Northampton'''; abbreviated '''Northants.''') is a landlocked [[Ceremonial counties of England|ceremonial county]] in the [[East Midlands]] region of [[England]]. Its population is 692,000 as at the [[United Kingdom Census 2011|2011 census]]. It has boundaries with eight other ceremonial counties: [[Warwickshire]] to the west, [[Leicestershire]] and [[Rutland]] to the north, [[Cambridgeshire]] to the east, [[Bedfordshire]] to the south-east, [[Buckinghamshire]] to the south, [[Oxfordshire]] to the south-west and [[Lincolnshire]] to the north-east – England's shortest county boundary at {{convert|19|m|yd}}.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.thebythams.org.uk/localgovernment/lincolnshire-cc/index.html |title=Lincolnshire County Council |publisher=Thebythams.org.uk |date=24 October 2005 |accessdate=25 September 2010}}</ref> The [[county seat]] is [[Northampton]]. Other large population centres include [[Kettering]], [[Corby]], [[Wellingborough]], [[Rushden]] and [[Daventry]].


Northamptonshire's [[county flower]] is the [[Primula veris|cowslip]]{{citation needed|date=December 2011}}.
{{County di Inggris}}


==History==
{{eropa-stub}}
{{Main|History of Northamptonshire}}


Much of Northamptonshire’s countryside appears to have remained somewhat intractable with regards to early human occupation, resulting in an apparently sparse population and relatively few finds from the [[Palaeolithic]], [[Mesolithic]] and [[Neolithic]] periods.<ref>Greenall (1979) p.19</ref> In about 500 BC the [[Iron Age]] was introduced into the area by a continental people in the form of the [[Hallstatt culture]],<ref name="Greenall p.20">Greenall (1979) p.20</ref> and over the next century a series of hill-forts were constructed at [[Arbury]] Camp, [[Rainsborough]] camp, Borough Hill, Castle Dykes, [[Guilsborough]], [[Irthlingborough]], and most notably of all, [[Hunsbury Hill]]. There are two more possible hill-forts at [[Arbury Hill]] ([[Badby]]) and [[Thenford]].<ref name="Greenall p.20"/>
[[Kategori:County di Inggris]]

In the 1st century BC, most of what later became Northamptonshire became part of the territory of the [[Catuvellauni]], a [[Belgic]] tribe, the Northamptonshire area forming their most northerly possession.<ref name="Greenall p.20"/> The [[Catuvellauni]] were in turn conquered by the [[Roman Empire|Romans]] in 43 AD.<ref>[http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/british_prehistory/iron_02.shtml BBC - History - Tribes of Britain]. Retrieved 16 August 2009. {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref>

The Roman road of [[Watling Street]] passed through the county, and an important Roman settlement, ''Lactodorum'', stood on the site of modern-day [[Towcester]]. There were other Roman settlements at [[Northampton]], [[Kettering]] and along the [[River Nene|Nene Valley]] near [[Raunds]]. A large fort was built at [[Longthorpe]].<ref name="Greenall p.20"/>

After the Romans left, the area eventually became part of the [[Anglo-Saxons|Anglo-Saxon]] kingdom of [[Mercia]], and Northampton functioned as an administrative centre. The Mercians converted to [[Christianity]] in 654 AD with the death of the [[pagan]] king [[Penda]].<ref>Greenall (1979) p.29</ref> From about 889 the area was conquered by the [[Danes]] (as at one point almost all of England was, except for [[Athelney]] marsh in [[Somerset]]) and became part of the [[Danelaw]] - with [[Watling Street]] serving as the boundary - until being recaptured by the [[English people|English]] under the [[Wessex]] king [[Edward the Elder]], son of [[Alfred the Great]], in 917. Northamptonshire was conquered again in 940, this time by the [[Vikings]] of [[York]], who devastated the area, only for the county to be retaken by the English in 942.<ref>Wood, Michael (1986) ''The Domesday Quest'' p. 90, BBC Books, 1986 ISBN 0-563-52274-7.</ref> Consequently, it is one of the few counties in England to have both Saxon and Danish town-names and settlements.{{Citation needed|date=August 2009}}

The county was first recorded in the [[Anglo-Saxon Chronicle]] (1011), as ''Hamtunscire'': the ''scire'' ([[shire]]) of ''Hamtun'' (the homestead). The "North" was added to distinguish Northampton from the other important ''Hamtun'' further south: [[Southampton]] - though the origins of the two names are in fact different.<ref>Mills, A.D. (1998). A Dictionary of English Place-names. Second Edition. Oxford University Press, Oxford. p256. ISBN 0-19-280074-4</ref>

[[Rockingham Castle]] was built for [[William the Conqueror]]<ref>[http://www.rockinghamcastle.com/ Rockingham Castle]. Retrieved 16 August 2009.</ref> and was used as a Royal fortress until [[Elizabethan era|Elizabethan]] times. The now-ruined [[Fotheringhay Castle]] was used to imprison [[Mary, Queen of Scots]], before her execution.<ref>Mott, Allan. [http://www.bbc.co.uk/cambridgeshire/content/articles/2008/04/28/mary_queen_video_feature.shtml BBC - Cambridgeshire - History: Mary Queen of Scots' last days]. Retrieved 16 August 2009.</ref> In 1460, during the [[Wars of the Roses]], the [[Battle of Northampton (1460)|Battle of Northampton]] took place and King [[Henry VI of England|Henry VI]] was captured.<ref>Stearns, Peter N., Langer. William L. [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=MziRd4ddZz4C&pg=PA241&lpg=PA241&dq=Henry+VI+captured+Northampton&source=bl&ots=Y59GhdBeqO&sig=FVzhUUWK-UGWS-wwFgk1-BwMEI8&hl=en&ei=w3yISovTKJbUjAeS4qWiCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=10#v=onepage&q=Henry%20VI%20captured%20Northampton&f=false The Encyclopedia of world history: ancient, medieval, and modern]. Retrieved 16 August 2009.</ref>

[[Image:Speed Northampton.jpg|thumb|[[John Speed]]'s 17th century map of Northamptonshire]]

[[George Washington]], the first [[President of the United States of America]], was born into the Washington family who had migrated to America from Northamptonshire in 1656. [[George Washington's]] great-great-great-great-great grandfather, Lawrence Washington, was Mayor of [[Northampton]] on several occasions and it was he who bought [[Sulgrave Manor]] from [[Henry VIII of England|Henry VIII]] in 1539. It was George Washington's great-grandfather, John Washington, who emigrated in 1656 from Northants to [[Virginia]]. Before Washington's ancestors moved to [[Sulgrave]], they lived in [[Warton, Lancaster|Warton]], [[Lancashire]].<ref>[http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=PrfcVGtd0T4C&pg=PA545&lpg=PA545&dq=laurence+washington+warton&source=bl&ots=iyZ1YkQYH8&sig=I4ZUN9rFZ9eZwcNVgWY9rcwvNNY&hl=en&ei=cHqISprWEY3SjAf21YyiCw&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4#v=onepage&q=&f=false The Writings of George Washington: Life of Washington]. Retrieved 16 August 2009.</ref>

During the [[English Civil War]], Northamptonshire strongly supported the [[roundhead|Parliamentarian]] cause, and the [[Cavalier|Royalist]] forces suffered a crushing defeat at the [[Battle of Naseby]] in 1645 in the north of the county. King [[Charles I of England|Charles I]] was imprisoned at [[Holdenby House]] in 1647.<ref>Edmonds. 1848. [http://books.google.com/books?id=nCQEAAAAQAAJ&pg=PA49&dq=Charles+I+imprisoned+Holdenby&as_brr=3#v=onepage&q=&f=false Notes on English history for the use of juvenile pupils]. Retrieved 16 August 2009.</ref>

In 1823 Northamptonshire was said to "[enjoy] a very pure and wholesome air" because of its dryness and distance from the sea. Its livestock were celebrated: "Horned cattle, and other animals, are fed to extraordinary sizes: and many horses of the large black breed are reared."<ref>[[Richard Brookes (physician)|Brookes, R.]], Whittaker, W.B. [http://books.google.com/books?id=XjANAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA2-PA241&dq=geography+of+northamptonshire&lr=&as_brr=1#v=onepage&q=&f=false ''The General Gazetteer, or, Compendious geographical dictionary, in miniature'']. 1823. Retrieved 5 September 2009.</ref>

Nine years later, the county was described as "a county enjoying the reputation of being one of the healthiest and pleasantest parts of England" although the towns were "of small importance" with the exceptions of Peterborough and Northampton. In summer, the county hosted "a great number of wealthy families... country seats and villas are to be seen at every step."<ref>Malte-Brun, C. [http://books.google.com/books?id=-0gBAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA771&dq=geography+of+northamptonshire&as_brr=1#v=onepage&q=&f=false Universal geography: or, A description of all parts of the world]. 1832. Retrieved 5 September 2009.</ref> Northamptonshire is still referred to as the county of "spires and squires" because of the numbers of stately homes and ancient churches.<ref>Andrews, R., Teller, M. [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=AOt1Hb8MOQUC&pg=PA553&lpg=PA553&dq=Northamptonshire+spires+and+squires&source=bl&ots=BjV7glaFoX&sig=JAOqwiJC80mHBAFb4qNFbQ8Jwqo&hl=en&ei=n56PSqO9DY-SjAePzoz4DQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=8#v=onepage&q=&f=false The Rough Guide to Britain] 2004. Rough Guides. Retrieved 5 September 2009.</ref>

In the 18th and 19th centuries, parts of Northamptonshire and the surrounding area became [[industrialisation|industrialised]]. The local specialisation was [[shoe]]making and the [[leather]] industry and by the end of the 19th century it was almost definitively the boot and shoe making capital of the world.{{Citation needed|date=September 2009}} In the north of the county a large [[ironstone]] [[quarry]]ing industry developed from 1850.<ref>[http://www.kellner.eclipse.co.uk/genuki/NTH/ GENUKI: Northamptonshire Genealogy: Bartholomew's Gazetteer of the British Isles, 1887]. 11 August 2008. Retrieved 5 September 2009.</ref> During the 1930s, the town of [[Corby]] was established as a major centre of the [[steel]] industry. Much of Northamptonshire nevertheless remains largely rural.{{Citation needed|date=August 2009}}

Corby was designated a [[new town]] in 1950<ref>[http://www.englishpartnerships.co.uk/corby.htm Corby - English Partnerships]. Retrieved 16 August 2009.</ref> and Northampton followed in 1968.<ref>[http://www.englishpartnerships.co.uk/northampton.htm Northampton - English Partnerships]. Retrieved 16 August 2009.</ref> {{As of|2005}} the government is encouraging development in the [[South Midlands]] area, including Northamptonshire.<ref>[http://www.northants-chamber.co.uk/representation/mksm/ Northamptonshire Chamber :: Milton Keynes & South Midlands Growth Plan]. Retrieved 16 August 2009. {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref>

===Peterborough===
The [[Soke of Peterborough]] was historically associated with and considered part of Northamptonshire, as the county diocese is focused upon the [[Peterborough Cathedral|cathedral]] there.<ref>[http://www.peterboroughdiocesanregistry.co.uk/ Peterborough Diocesan Registry]. Retrieved 15 August 2009.</ref> However, Peterborough had its own [[county council]], and in 1965 was merged with the neighbouring small county of [[Huntingdonshire]].<ref>The Huntingdon and Peterborough Order 1964 (SI 1964/367), see [[Local Government Commission for England (1958-1967)]], ''Report and Proposals for the East Midlands General Review Area (Report No.3)'', 31 July 1961 and ''Report and Proposals for the Lincolnshire and East Anglia General Review Area (Report No.9)'', 7 May 1965</ref> Under the [[Local Government Act 1972]] the city of [[Peterborough]] became a district of [[Cambridgeshire]].<ref>[[wikisource:The English Non-metropolitan Districts (Definition) Order 1972|The English Non-metropolitan Districts (Definition) Order 1972]] (SI 1972/2039) Part 5: County of Cambridgeshire</ref>

==Geography==
{{Main|List of places in Northamptonshire|List of Northamptonshire settlements by population}}

{{Location map+|Northamptonshire
|caption=<center>Notable places in and around Northamptonshire</center>
|float=right
|width=350
|places =
<!-- First four have population over 70,000 according to their articles, listed in descending order-->
{{Location map~|Northamptonshire|lat=52.21961|long=-0.90356|label='''[[Northampton]]'''|label_size=100|marksize=12|position=right}}
{{Location map~|Northamptonshire|lat=52.39312|long=-0.72292|label='''[[Kettering]]'''|label_size=100|marksize=12|position=left}}
{{Location map~|Northamptonshire|lat=52.29396|long=-0.69645|label=<br>'''[[Wellingborough]]'''|label_size=100|marksize=12|position=left}}
{{Location map~|Northamptonshire|lat=52.4914|long=-0.69645|label='''[[Corby]]'''|label_size=100|marksize=12|position=right}}
<!-- Below all have population over 30,000 according to their articles, listed in descending order-->
{{Location map~|Northamptonshire|lat=52.26|long=-1.16|label=[[Daventry]]|label_size=85|position=right}}
{{Location map~|Northamptonshire|lat=52.288|long=-0.601|label='''[[Rushden]]'''|label_size=100|marksize=12|position=right}}
{{Location map~|Northamptonshire|lat=52.394|long=-0.535|label=[[Thrapston]]|label_size=85|position=right}}
{{Location map~|Northamptonshire|lat=52.032|long=-1.147|label=[[Brackley]]|label_size=85|position=right}}
{{Location map~|Northamptonshire|lat=52.480|long=-0.472|label=[[Oundle]]|label_size=85|position=right}}
{{Location map~|Northamptonshire|lat=52.4398313636|long=-0.817156604269|label=[[Desborough]]|label_size=85|position=right}}
{{Location map~|Northamptonshire|lat=52.13|long=-0.99|label=[[Towcester]]|label_size=85|position=left}}
{{Location map~|Northamptonshire|lat=52.324|long=-0.614|label=[[Irthlingborough]]|label_size=85|position=right}}
<!-- Below all have population over 20,000 according to their articles, listed in descending order-->
{{Location map~|Northamptonshire|lat=52.023|long=-1.276|label=[[Kings Sutton]]|label_size=70|position=right}}
{{Location map~|Northamptonshire|lat=52.32930|long=-0.90379|label=[[Brixworth]]|label_size=70|position=left}}
{{Location map~|Northamptonshire|lat=52.344|long=-0.540|label=[[Raunds]]|label_size=70|position=right}}
{{Location map~|Northamptonshire|lat=52.09030|long=-1.02350|label=[[Silverstone]]|label_size=70|position=right}}
{{Location map~|Northamptonshire|lat=52.06|long=-1.33|label=[[Banbury]]|label_size=85|mark=Orange pog.svg|position=right}}
{{Location map~|Northamptonshire|lat=52.4775|long=-0.9206|label=[[Market Harborough]]|label_size=75|mark=Orange pog.svg|position=left}}
{{Location map~|Northamptonshire|lat=52.036|long=-0.770|label='''[[Milton Keynes]]'''|label_size=100|mark_size=12|mark=Orange pog.svg|position=bottom}}
{{Location map~|Northamptonshire|lat=52.636|long=-1.133|label='''[[Leicester]]'''|label_size=100|mark_size=12|mark=Orange pog.svg|position=bottom}}
{{Location map~|Northamptonshire|lat=52.37|long=-1.26|label='''[[Rugby, Warwickshire|Rugby]]'''|label_size=100|mark_size=12|mark=Orange pog.svg|position=bottom}}
}}

[[Image:Kilworth Wharf - geograph.org.uk - 164606.jpg|thumb|Kilworth Wharf on the Grand Union Canal]]

Northamptonshire is a landlocked county located in the southern part of the [[East Midlands]] region<ref name="grow">[http://www.explorenorthamptonshire.co.uk/exec/112345/7111/ Northamptonshire - Let yourself grow: Media information about Northamptonshire]. Retrieved 15 August 2009.</ref> which is sometimes known as the [[South Midlands]]. The county contains the
[[Drainage divide|watershed]] between the [[River Severn]] and [[The Wash]] while several important rivers have their sources in the north-west of the county, including the [[River Nene]], which flows north-eastwards to The Wash, and the "[[River Avon, Warwickshire|Warwickshire Avon]]", which flows south-west to the Severn. In 1830 it was boasted that "not a single brook, however insignificant, flows into it from any other district".<ref>[http://uk-genealogy.org.uk/england/Northamptonshire/pigot.html UK Genealogy Archives: Transcript from Pigot & Co's Commercial Directory, 1830]. Retrieved 15 August 2009.</ref> The highest point in the county is [[Arbury Hill]] at {{convert|225|m|ft}}.<ref>[http://www.kellner.eclipse.co.uk/genuki/NTH/ Northamptonshire Genealogy: Bartholomew's Gazetteer of the British Isles, 1887]. Retrieved 15 August 2009.</ref>

There are several towns in the county with Northampton being the largest and most populous. At the time of the 2008 estimates, a population of 685,000 lived in the county with 205,200 living in Northampton. The table below shows all towns with over 9,000 inhabitants.

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! '''Rank'''|| '''Town''' || '''Population''' || '''Borough/District council'''
|-
| 1 || [[Northampton]] || 212,100 (2011) || [[Northampton|Northampton Borough Council]]
|-
| 2 || [[Kettering]] || 93,500 (2011) || [[Kettering (borough)|Kettering Borough Council]]
|-
| 3 || [[Wellingborough]] || 75,400 (2011) || [[Wellingborough (borough)|Borough Council of Wellingborough]]
|-
| 4 || [[Corby]] || 61,300 (2011) || [[Corby|Corby Borough Council]]
|-
| 5 || [[Rushden]] || 28,368 (2001) || [[East Northamptonshire|East Northamptonshire District Council]]
|-
| 6 || [[Daventry]] || 22,367 (2001) || [[Daventry (district)|Daventry District Council]]
|-
| 7 || [[Brackley]] || 13,331 (2001) || [[South Northamptonshire|South Northamptonshire District Council]]
|}

As of 2010 there are 16 settlements in Northamptonshire with a town charter:
* [[Brackley]], [[Burton Latimer]], [[Corby]], [[Daventry]], [[Desborough]], [[Higham Ferrers]], [[Irthlingborough]], [[Kettering]], [[Northampton]], [[Oundle]], [[Raunds]], [[Rothwell, Northamptonshire|Rothwell]], [[Rushden]], [[Towcester]], [[Thrapston]] and [[Wellingborough]].

===Climate===

Like the rest of the [[British Isles]], Northamptonshire has an [[oceanic climate]] ([[Köppen climate classification]]). The table below shows the average weather for Northamptonshire from the [[Moulton, Northamptonshire|Moulton]] weather station.

{{Weather box
|location = Moulton, Northants
|metric first = Yes
|single line = Yes
|Jan high C = 7
|Feb high C = 8
|Mar high C = 11
|Apr high C = 13
|May high C = 17
|Jun high C = 19
|Jul high C = 22
|Aug high C = 23
|Sep high C = 19
|Oct high C = 14
|Nov high C = 10
|Dec high C = 7
|Jan low C = 2
|Feb low C = 2
|Mar low C = 4
|Apr low C = 4
|May low C = 7
|Jun low C = 10
|Jul low C = 12
|Aug low C = 12
|Sep low C = 10
|Oct low C = 8
|Nov low C = 5
|Dec low C = 3
|Jan precipitation cm = 4.51
|Feb precipitation cm = 3.39
|Mar precipitation cm = 2.87
|Apr precipitation cm = 4.39
|May precipitation cm = 3.49
|Jun precipitation cm = 4.66
|Jul precipitation cm = 4.21
|Aug precipitation cm = 4.69
|Sep precipitation cm = 5.49
|Oct precipitation cm = 5.68
|Nov precipitation cm = 4.8
|Dec precipitation cm = 4.98
|source 1 = <ref>{{cite web
| url = http://weather.msn.com/local.aspx?wealocations=wc:7396485&q=Moulton,+GBR | title = Average weather for Northamptonshire (Moulton weather station) | publisher = | language = }}</ref>
|date=October 2010}}

==Governance==

Northamptonshire, like most English counties, is divided into a number of local authorities. The seven borough/district councils cover 15 towns and hundreds of villages. The county has a two-tier structure of [[local government in the United Kingdom|local government]] and an elected [[county council]] based in [[Northampton]], and is also divided into seven [[Non-metropolitan district|districts]] each with their own district or borough councils:<ref>[http://www.northamptonshire.gov.uk/en/Pages/districts.aspx Northamptonshire County Council: District and Borough Councils]. 2008. Retrieved 22 August 2009.</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! '''Council''' || '''Where based'''
|-
| [[Corby|Corby Borough Council]] || [[Corby]]
|-
| [[Daventry (district)|Daventry District Council]] || [[Daventry]]
|-
| [[East Northamptonshire|East Northamptonshire District Council]] || [[Thrapston]]
|-
| [[Kettering Borough Council]] || [[Kettering]]
|-
| [[Northampton Borough Council]] || [[Northampton]]
|-
| [[South Northamptonshire|South Northamptonshire District Council]] || [[Towcester]]
|-
| [[Wellingborough (borough)|Borough Council of Wellingborough]] || [[Wellingborough]]
|}

Northampton itself is the most populous urban district in England not to be administered as a [[unitary authority]] (even though several smaller districts are unitary). During the [[1990s UK local government reform|1990s local government reform]], Northampton Borough Council petitioned strongly for unitary status, which led to fractured relations with the County Council.{{Citation needed|date=August 2009}}

Before 1974, the [[Soke of Peterborough]] was considered geographically part of Northamptonshire, although it had had a separate county council since the late 19th Century and separate [[Quarter Sessions]] courts before then. Now part of [[Cambridgeshire]], the city of [[Local government in Peterborough|Peterborough]] became a [[unitary authority]] in 1998, but it continues to form part of that county for [[ceremonial counties of England|ceremonial purposes]].<ref>[http://www.legislation.gov.uk/uksi/1996/1878/contents/made The Cambridgeshire (City of Peterborough) (Structural, Boundary and Electoral Changes) Order 1996] (SI 1996/1878), see [[Local Government Commission for England (1992)]], ''Final Recommendations for the Future Local Government of Cambridgeshire'', October 1994 and ''Final Recommendations on the Future Local Government of Basildon & Thurrock, Blackburn & Blackpool, Broxtowe, Gedling & Rushcliffe, Dartford & Gravesham, Gillingham & Rochester upon Medway, Exeter, Gloucester, Halton & Warrington, Huntingdonshire & Peterborough, Northampton, Norwich, Spelthorne and the Wrekin'', December 1995</ref>

===National representation===
Northamptonshire returns seven [[member of Parliament|members of Parliament]], who all are part of the [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative Party]].<ref>[http://www.northamptonshire.gov.uk/en/councilservices/council/mp_mep/pages/mps.aspx Northamptonshire County Council: Members of Parliament]. 27 April 2009. Retrieved 22 August 2009.</ref>

{| class="wikitable"
|-
! '''Constituency''' || '''Member of Parliament''' || '''Political party'''
|-
| [[Corby (UK Parliament constituency)|Corby]] || [[Louise Mensch]] || [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
|-
| [[Daventry (UK Parliament constituency)|Daventry]] || [[Chris Heaton-Harris]] || [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
|-
| [[Kettering (UK Parliament constituency)|Kettering]] || [[Philip Hollobone]] || [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
|-
| [[Northampton North (UK Parliament constituency)|Northampton North]] || [[Michael Ellis (British politician)|Michael Ellis]] || [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
|-
| [[Northampton South (UK Parliament constituency)|Northampton South]] || [[Brian Binley]] || [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
|-
| [[Northamptonshire South (UK Parliament constituency)|Northamptonshire South]] || [[Andrea Leadsom]] || [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
|-
| [[Wellingborough (UK Parliament constituency)|Wellingborough & Rushden]] || [[Peter Bone]] || [[Conservative Party (UK)|Conservative]]
|}

From 1993 until 2005, Northamptonshire County Council,<ref name = "NCC">{{cite web|title = Northamptonshire County Council website|url = http://www.northamptonshire.gov.uk/|accessdate =4 June 2009}}</ref> for which each of the 73 [[electoral division]]s in the county elect a single councillor, had been held by the Labour Party; previously it had been under [[no overall control]] since 1981. The councils of the rural districts – Daventry, East Northamptonshire, and South Northamptonshire – are strongly Conservative, whereas the political composition of the urban districts is more mixed. At the 2003 local elections, Labour lost control of Kettering, Northampton, and Wellingborough, retaining only Corby. Elections for the entire County Council are held every four years – the last were held on 5 May 2005 when control of the County Council changed from the Labour Party to the Conservatives. The County Council uses a [[leader and cabinet]] executive system and abolished its [[area committee]]s in April 2006.

==Economy==
{{Main|History of Northamptonshire#Economy}}

[[File:Kimi Raikkonen 2006 test.jpg|right|thumb|250px|Silverstone adds millions every year to the local economy - [[Kimi Räikkönen]] testing for [[McLaren (racing)|McLaren]] at Silverstone in April [[2006 Formula One season|2006]]]]

Historically, Northamptonshire's main industry was the manufacture of boots and shoes.<ref>[http://www.kellner.eclipse.co.uk/genuki/NTH/ GENUKI: Northamptonshire Genealogy: Bartholomew's Gazetteer of the British Isles]. 1887. Retrieved 22 August 2009.</ref> Many of the manufacturers closed down in the [[Premiership of Margaret Thatcher|Thatcher era]] which in turn left many county people unemployed.{{Citation needed|date=October 2010}} Although R Griggs and Co Ltd, the manufacturer of [[Dr. Martens]], still has its UK base in [[Wollaston, Northamptonshire|Wollaston]] near [[Wellingborough]],<ref>[http://www.kellysearch.co.uk/gb-company-370000597.html Kellysearch.co.uk: R Griggs & Co. Ltd]. Retrieved 22 August 2009.</ref> the shoe industry in the county is now nearly gone. Large employers include the breakfast cereal manufacturers [[Weetabix]], in [[Burton Latimer]], the [[Carlsberg Group|Carlsberg]] brewery in [[Northampton]], [[Avon Products]], [[Siemens]], [[Barclaycard]], [[Saxby Bros Ltd]] and [[Golden Wonder]].<ref name="chamber">[http://www.northants-chamber.co.uk/info/topemployers/# Northamptonshire Chamber: Major Northamptonshire employers]. Retrieved 22 August 2009. {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref><ref name="Why Wellingborough">[http://www.wellingborough.gov.uk/downloads/Why_Wellingborough_Final_version.pdf]. Retrieved 23 August 2009.</ref> In the west of the county is the [[Daventry International Railfreight Terminal]];<ref>[http://www.prologisrfidirft.co.uk/ Prologis RFI Dirft Daventry]. Retrieved 22 August 2009.</ref> which is a major rail freight terminal located on the [[West Coast Main Line]] near [[Rugby, Warwickshire|Rugby]]. Wellingborough also has a smaller railfreight depot<ref>[http://www.gbrailfreight.com/news.php?newsid=178 FirstGBRf: FirstGBRf opens unique depot at Wellingborough]. 12 June 2007. Retrieved 22 August 2009.</ref> on Finedon Road, called Nelisons sidings.<ref>[http://www.gbrailfreight.com/locations.php?lid=211 GB Railfreight: Locations, Wellingborough] Retrieved 11 November 2010</ref>

This is a chart of trend of the regional gross value added of Northamptonshire at current basic prices in millions of British Pounds Sterling (correct on 21 December 2005):<ref>[http://www.statistics.gov.uk/downloads/theme_economy/RegionalGVA.pdf Regional Gross Value Added.''Office for National Statistics'']. pp 240–253. 21 December 2005. Retrieved 22 August 2009.</ref>
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! Year || Regional Gross Value Added<ref>Components may not sum to totals due to rounding</ref> || Agriculture<ref>includes hunting and forestry</ref> || Industry<ref>includes energy and construction</ref> || Services<ref>includes financial intermediation services indirectly measured</ref>
|-
| 1995 || '''6,139''' || 112 || 2,157 || 3,870
|-
| 2000 || '''9,743''' || 79 || 3,035 || 6,630
|-
| 2003 || '''10,901''' || 90 || 3,260 || 7,551
|}

The region of Northamptonshire, [[Oxfordshire]] and the [[South Midlands]] has been described as "[[Motorsport Valley]]... a global hub" for the motor sport industry.<ref>Coe, N.M., Kelly, P.F, Wai-Chung Yeung, H. [http://books.google.co.uk/books?id=1xV5ZvXYtjUC&pg=PA141&lpg=PA141&dq=motorsport+industry+northamptonshire&source=bl&ots=oM13gCrv3r&sig=RFRZCbtKwvSgU3QbDdGNtforJ6s&hl=en&ei=KlOQSqfCINyMjAfj8-HjDQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=6#v=onepage&q=motorsport%20industry%20northamptonshire&f=false Economic geography: a contemporary introduction]. Wiley-Blackwell, 2007. pp 141-143. Retrieved 22 August 2009.</ref><ref>Russell Hotten. [http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/leisure/article5983082.ece Motor racing battles to stay out of pits]. TimesOnline. 27 March 2009. Retrieved 22 August 2009.</ref> The [[Mercedes GP]]<ref>[http://www.mercedes-gp.com/includes/privacy.htm Official site of Mercedes GP Formula One Team: Contact us]. Retrieved 4 March 2010.</ref> and [[Force India]]<ref>[http://www.forceindiaf1.com/index/page_id/48 Force India F1 Team: Contact us]. Retrieved 22 August 2009.</ref> [[Formula One]] teams have their bases at [[Brackley]] and [[Silverstone]] respectively, while [[Cosworth]]<ref>[http://www.cosworth.com/Default.aspx?id=1089541 Cosworth: Contact]. Retrieved 22 August 2009.</ref> and [[Mercedes-Benz High Performance Engines]]<ref>[http://www.mercedes-benz-hpe.com/hpe/index.htm Mercedes-Benz High Performance Engines Ltd: Contact]. Retrieved 22 August 2009.</ref> are also in the county at Northampton and [[Brixworth]].

International [[Motorsport|motor racing]] takes place at [[Silverstone Circuit]]<ref>[http://www.silverstone.co.uk/php/ci_overview.html Silverstone Official Website: Contact Numbers]. Retrieved 22 August 2009.</ref> and [[Rockingham Motor Speedway]];<ref>[http://www.rockingham.co.uk/about/gettingto.asp Getting to Rockingham]. Retrieved 22 August 2009.</ref> [[Santa Pod Raceway]] is just over the border in [[Bedfordshire]] but has a Northants postcode.<ref>[http://www.santapod.co.uk/g_find.php Santa Pod Raceway: Contact/find us/postcode]. Retrieved 22 August 2009.</ref> A study commissioned by Northamptonshire Enterprise Ltd (NEL) reported that Northamptonshire's motorsport sites attract more than 2.1 million visitors per year who spend a total of more than £131 million within the county.<ref>[http://www.northantset.co.uk/12691/Motorsport-to-grow-3037-in.5401811.jp Motorsport to grow 30% in next decade]. Northants Evening Telegraph. 25 June 2009. Retrieved 22 August 2009.</ref>

===Milton Keynes and South Midlands Growth area===
{{Main|South Midlands}}
Northamptonshire forms part of the [[South Midlands#Milton Keynes and South Midlands growth area|Milton Keynes and South Midlands Growth area]] which also includes [[Milton Keynes]], [[Aylesbury Vale]] and [[Bedfordshire]]. This area has been identified as an area which is due to have tens of thousands additional homes built between 2010-2020. In North Northamptonshire (Boroughs of Corby, Kettering, Wellingborough and East Northants), over 52,000 homes are planned or newly-built and 47,000 new jobs are also planned.<ref name="North Northants">[http://www.mksm.org.uk/area/north-northants.asp MSKM: North Northants] Accessed 2 October 2010</ref> In West Northamptonshire (boroughs of Northampton, Daventry and South Northants), over 48,000 homes are planned or newly-built and 37,000 new jobs are planned.<ref name="West Northants">[http://www.mksm.org.uk/area/west-northants.asp MKSM: West Northants] Accessed 2 October 2010</ref> To overlook the planned developments, two urban regeneration companies have been created: North Northants Development Company (NNDC)<ref name="North Northants"/> and the West Northamptonshire Development Corporation.<ref name="West Northants"/> The NNDC launched a controversial<ref>[http://www.northantset.co.uk/news/Come-to-North-Londonshire.6370328.jp Northants Evening Telegraph: Come to North Londonshire] Accessed 2 October 2010</ref> campaign called ''North Londonshire'' to attract people from [[London]] to the county.<ref>[http://www.northlondonshire.co.uk/ North Londonshire: home page] Accessed 2 October 2010</ref> There is also a county-wide tourism campaign with the slogan ''Northamptonshire, Let yourself grow''.<ref>[http://www.letyourselfgrow.com/ Let yourself grow: home page] Accessed 2 October 2010</ref>

==Education==
{{Main|List of schools in Northamptonshire}}
Northamptonshire County Council operates a complete comprehensive system with 42 state secondary schools.<ref>[http://www3.northamptonshire.gov.uk/ncc/Templates/content_applications.aspx?NRMODE=Published&NRORIGINALURL=%2fLearning%2fInstitutions%2fschoolsdir.htm%3fSchoolDetail%3d9287031|Special%2520-%2520Primary&NRNODEGUID={7BF3FCE4-28B4-49B8-8F4E-CEA308D6E556}&NRCACHEHINT=NoModifyGuest Northamptonshire County Council: Northamptonshire Schools Directory]. Retrieved 8 August 2009.</ref> The county's [[Northamptonshire Music and Performing Arts Service|music and performing arts service]] provides peripatetic music teaching to schools. It also supports 15 local Saturday morning music and performing arts centres around the county<ref>[http://www.northamptonshire.gov.uk/en/councilservices/EducationandLearning/music/Pages/sat_centres.aspx Northamptonshire County Council: Saturday Music and Performing Arts Centres]. Retrieved 8 August 2009. {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref> and provides a range of county-level music groups.<ref>[http://www.northamptonshire.gov.uk/en/councilservices/EducationandLearning/music/Pages/YouthGroups.aspx Northamptonshire County Council: Music Service: Youth Groups]. Retrieved 8 August 2009. {{Dead link|date=October 2010|bot=H3llBot}}</ref>

===Colleges===
There are seven colleges across the county, with the [[Tresham College of Further and Higher Education]] having four campuses in three towns: [[Corby]], [[Kettering]] and [[Wellingborough]].<ref>[http://www.tresham.ac.uk/about/our_campuses Tresham College: Our Campuses]. Retrieved 8 August 2009.</ref> Tresham provides [[further education]] and offers vocational courses, [[GCSE]]s and [[GCE Advanced Level in the United Kingdom|A Level]]s.<ref>[http://www.tresham.ac.uk/courses Tresham College: Our Courses]. Retrieved 8 August 2009.</ref> It also offers Higher Education options in conjunction with several universities.<ref>[http://www.tresham.ac.uk/higher_education Tresham College: Higher Education]. Retrieved 8 August 2009.</ref> Other colleges in the county are: [[Fletton House]], [[Knuston Hall]], [[Moulton College]], [[Northampton College]], [[Northampton New College]] and [[The East Northamptonshire College]].

===University===
Northamptonshire has one University, the [[University of Northampton]]. It has two campuses {{convert|2.5|mi|km|1}} apart and 10,000 students.<ref>[http://www.northampton.ac.uk/about/ The University of Northampton: About Us]. Retrieved 8 August 2009.</ref> It offers courses for needs and interests from foundation and undergraduate level to postgraduate, professional and doctoral qualifications. Subjects include traditional arts, humanities and sciences subjects, as well as entrepreneurship, product design and advertising.<ref>[http://www.northampton.ac.uk/courses/search/ The University of Northampton: Course finder]. Retrieved 8 August 2009.</ref>

==Healthcare==

===Hospitals===
Northampton has several [[National Health Service (England)|National Health Service]] branches,{{Citation needed|date=October 2010}} the main acute NHS hospitals in the county being [[Northampton General Hospital|Northampton]] and [[Kettering General Hospital]]s. In the south-west of the county, the town of Brackley and surrounding villages are serviced by the [[Horton General Hospital]] in [[Banbury]] in neighbouring Oxfordshire for acute medical needs. A similar arrangement is in place for the town of [[Oundle]] and nearby villages, served by [[Peterborough District Hospital]].

In February 2011 a new satellite out-patient centre opened at Nene Park, Irthlingborough to provide over 40,000 appointments a year, as well as a minor injury unit to serve Eastern Northamptonshire. This was opened to relieve pressure off Kettering General Hospital, and has also replaced the dated Rushden Memorial Clinic which provided at the time about 8,000 appointments a year, when open.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-england-northamptonshire-12379676|title=New £4.2m Irthlingborough outpatients clinic opens |publisher=BBC News|date= 7 February 2011|accessdate=7 February 2011}}</ref>

===Water contamination===
In June 2008, [[Anglian Water]] found traces of [[Cryptosporidium]] in water supplies of Northamptonshire. The local reservoir at [[Pitsford]] was investigated and a [[European Rabbit]] which had strayed into it was found,<ref name="NorthantsETCrypto">{{cite web|url=http://www.northantset.co.uk/news/Rabbit-caused-water-contamination-at.4286344.jp|title=Rabbit caused water contamination at Pitsford - Northants ET|last=Tite|first=Nick|date=14 July 2008|publisher=[[Northants Evening Telegraph]]|accessdate=22 August 2008}}</ref> causing the problem. About 250,000 residents were affected;<ref name="1cryptoBBC">{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/england/northamptonshire/7472619.stm|title=Sickness bug found in tap water|date=25 June 2008|publisher=BBC|accessdate=15 July 2008}}</ref> by 14 July 2008, 13 cases of cryptosporidiosis attributed to water in Northampton had been reported.<ref name="2cryptoBBC">{{cite news|title=BBC News|date=14 July 2008|work=News at Ten, [[BBC One]]|publisher=BBC|accessdate=15 July 2008}}</ref> Following the end of the investigation, Anglian Water lifted its boil notice for all affected areas on 4 July 2008.<ref name=AnglianWater>[http://www.anglianwater.co.uk/index.php?sectionid=51&parentid=50&contentid=1136 "Anglian Water"], Press Release</ref> Anglian Water revealed that it will pay up to £30 per household as compensation for customers hit by the water crisis.<ref name="C&E30each">{{cite news|url=http://www.northamptonchron.co.uk/news/25-each-compensation-for-water.4255069.jp|title=Water crisis: All clear for tap water - and up to £30 compensation! - Northampton Chronicle and Echo|date=5 July 2008|publisher=[[Chronicle & Echo]]|accessdate=22 August 2008}}</ref>

==Transport==
{{Main|East Midlands#Transport}}
[[Image:A43 Brackley.jpg|right|thumb|Brackley bypass on the A43]]
The gap in the hills at [[Watford Gap]] meant that many south-east to north-west routes passed through Northamptonshire. The Roman Road [[Watling Street]] (now part of the [[A5 road (Great Britain)|A5]]) passes through here, as did later canals, railways and major roads.

===Roads===

Major national roads including the [[M1 motorway]] (London to Leeds) and the [[A14 road (England)|A14]] (Rugby to Ipswich), provide Northamptonshire with transport links, both north–south and east–west. The [[A43 road|A43]] joins the M1 to the [[M40 motorway]], passing through the south of the county to the junction west of Brackley, and the [[A45 road|A45]] links Northampton with Wellingborough and Peterborough.

The county road network, managed by Northamptonshire County Council includes the [[A45 road|A45]] west of the [[M1 motorway]], the [[A43 road|A43]] between [[Northampton]] and the county boundary near Stamford, the [[A361 road|A361]] between [[Kilsby]] and [[Banbury]] (Oxon) and all B, C and Unclassified Roads. Since 2009 these highways have been managed on behalf of the county council by MGWSP, a joint venture between May Gurney and WSP.

===Rivers and canals===
[[Image:Grand Union Canal at Braunston.jpg|right|thumb|The Grand Union Canal at Braunston]]
{{Further|:Category:Rivers of Northamptonshire}}

Two major canals – the [[Oxford Canal|Oxford]] and the [[Grand Union Canal|Grand Union]] – join in the county at [[Braunston, Northamptonshire|Braunston]]. Notable features include a flight of 17 [[canal lock|locks]] on the Grand Union at [[Rothersthorpe]], the [[Stoke Bruerne Canal Museum|canal museum]] at [[Stoke Bruerne]], and a tunnel at [[Blisworth tunnel|Blisworth]] which, at {{convert|2813|m|yd}}, is the third-longest navigable canal tunnel on the [[Canals of the United Kingdom|UK canal network]].

A branch of the Grand Union Canal connects to the [[River Nene]] in Northampton and has been upgraded to a "wide canal" in places and is known as the ''Nene Navigation''. It is famous for its [[guillotine lock]]s.

===Railways===
[[Image:Next stop Wellingborough - geograph.org.uk - 1400370.jpg|thumb|An East Midlands Trains service approaching Wellingborough on the Midland Main Line]]
Two trunk railway routes, the [[Midland Main Line]] and the [[West Coast Main Line]], cross the county. At its peak, Northamptonshire had 75 railway stations. It now has only six, at [[Northampton railway station|Northampton]] and [[Long Buckby railway station|Long Buckby]] on the West Coast Main Line, [[Kettering railway station|Kettering]], [[Wellingborough railway station|Wellingborough]] and [[Corby railway station|Corby]] on the Midland Main Line, along with [[King's Sutton railway station|King's Sutton]], which is a few metres from the boundary with Oxfordshire on the [[Chiltern Main Line]].

Before [[nationalisation]] of the railways in 1948 and the creation of [[British Railways]], three of the "Big Four" railway companies operated in Northamptonshire: the [[London, Midland and Scottish Railway]], [[London and North Eastern Railway]] and [[Great Western Railway]]. Only the [[Southern Railway (UK)|Southern Railway]] was not represented. As of 2010 it is served by [[Virgin Trains]], [[London Midland]], [[Chiltern Railways]] and [[East Midlands Trains]].

;Corby rail history
[[Corby]] was described as the largest town in Britain without a railway station.<ref>{{cite news|last=Britten |first=Nick |url=http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/uknews/road-and-rail-transport/4787477/The-17million-train-station-with-only-one-service-a-day.html |title=Corby station |publisher=Telegraph.co.uk |date=23 February 2009 |accessdate=25 September 2010 |location=London}}</ref> The railway running through the town from Kettering to [[Oakham]] in [[Rutland]] was previously used only by freight traffic and occasional diverted passenger trains that did not stop at the station. The line through Corby was once part of a main line to [[Nottingham]] through [[Melton Mowbray]], but the stretch between Melton and Nottingham was closed in 1968. In the 1980s, an experimental passenger shuttle service ran between Corby and Kettering but was withdrawn a few years later.<ref>[http://www.nsers.org.uk/nse2.htm Network South East routes]{{Dead link|date=September 2010}}</ref> On 23 February 2009, a new [[Corby railway station|railway station]] opened, providing direct hourly access to [[St Pancras railway station|London St Pancras]]. Following the opening of Corby Station, Rushden then became the largest town in the UK without a direct railway station.

;Closed lines and stations
Railway services in Northamptonshire were reduced by the [[Beeching Axe]] in the 1960s.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.smjr.info |title=SMJR |publisher=Smjr.info |date=19 September 2010 |accessdate=25 September 2010}}</ref> Closure of the line connecting Northampton to [[Peterborough]] by way of Wellingborough, [[Thrapston]], and [[Oundle]] left eastern Northamptonshire devoid of railways. Part of this route was reopened in 1977 as the [[Nene Valley Railway]]. A section of one of the closed lines, the [[Northampton to Market Harborough line]], is now the [[Northampton & Lamport Railway|Northampton & Lamport]] [[heritage railway]], while the route as a whole forms a part of the [[National Cycle Network]], as the [[Brampton Valley Way]].

As early as 1897 Northamptonshire would have had its own [[Channel Tunnel]] rail link with the creation of the [[Great Central Railway]], which was intended to connect to a tunnel under the [[English Channel]]. Although the complete project never came to fruition, the rail link through Northamptonshire was constructed, and had stations at [[Charwelton]], [[Woodford Halse]], [[Helmdon]] and [[Brackley]]. It became part of the London and North Eastern Railway in 1923 (and of British Railways in 1948) before its closure in 1966.{{Citation needed|date=August 2009}}

;Future

In June 2009 the [[Association of Train Operating Companies]] (ATOC) recommended opening a new station on the former [[Irchester railway station]] site for [[Rushden]], [[Higham Ferrers]] and [[Irchester]], called [[Rushden Parkway railway station|Rushden Parkway]].<ref>[http://www.atoc.org/general/ConnectingCommunitiesReport_S10.pdf] ATOC Connecting Communities Report</ref> [[Network Rail]] is looking at electrifying the Midland Main Line north of [[Bedford]].<ref name="East Mids Draft RUS">[http://www.networkrail.co.uk/browse%20documents/rus%20documents/route%20utilisation%20strategies/east%20midlands/east%20midlands%20rus%20draft%20for%20consultation.pdf Network Rail: East Midlands Draft Route Utilisation Strategy] Access date: 4 January 2010]</ref> A open access company has approached Network Rail for services to [[Oakham]] in [[Rutland]] to London via the county.<ref name="East Mids Draft RUS"/>

The [[Rushden, Higham and Wellingborough Railway]] would like to see the railway fully reopen between [[Wellingborough]] and [[Higham Ferrers]]. As part of the government-proposed [[High Speed 2]] railway line (between London and Birmingham), the [[High-speed rail|High speed railway line]] will go through the southern part of the county but with no station built.

===Buses===
[[Image:Sywell Aerodrome.jpg|thumb|Sywell Aerodrome]]
Most buses are operated by [[Stagecoach in Northants]] and [[First Northampton]]. Some town area routes have been named the Corby Star, Connect Kettering, Connect Wellingborough and Daventry Dart; the last three of these routes have route designations that include a letter, such as A, D1, W1, W2, and so on.<ref>[http://www.stagecoachbus.com/northants/index.html Stagecoach Northants]</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.firstgroup.com/ukbus/eastmidlands/northampton/timetables/index.php?operator=20&page=1&redirect=no |title=First Northampton: Timetables |publisher=Firstgroup.com |date=19 September 2010 |accessdate=25 September 2010}}</ref>

===Airports===

[[Sywell Aerodrome]], on the edge of [[Sywell]] village, has three grass runways and one concrete all weather runway. It is however only 1000 metres and therefore cannot be served by passenger jets as of yet.<ref>http://www.ead.eurocontrol.int/eadbasic/pamslight-113B93979B7148E51E98BD22C3FF290E/7FE5QZZF3FXUS/EN/AIP/AD/EG_AD_2_EGBK_en_2011-03-10.pdf</ref>

==Media==
[[Image:Broadcasting House, Northampton.jpg|right|thumb|BBC Radio Northampton's Broadcasting House]]

===Newspapers===
The two main newspapers in the county are the [[Northamptonshire Evening Telegraph]] and the [[Northampton Chronicle & Echo]].{{Citation needed|date=October 2010}}

===Television===
;BBC regions

Most of Northamptonshire is served by the [[BBC]]'s [[BBC East|East]] region which is based in [[Norwich]]. The regional news television programme, '''[[BBC Look East]]''', provides local news across the [[East of England]], [[Milton Keynes]] and most of Northamptonshire. An opt-out in ''Look East'' covers the west part of the region only, broadcast from [[Cambridge]]. This area also is covered by the BBC's '''[[The Politics Show|The Politics Show: East]]''' and '''[[Inside Out (BBC TV series)|Inside Out: East]]'''. A small part of the northern part of the county is covered by [[BBC East Midlands]]'s regional news '''[[BBC East Midlands Today]]''', while a small part of [[South Northamptonshire]] is covered by [[BBC Oxford]]'s regional news '''[[BBC South Today#BBC Oxford News|BBC Oxford News]]''' which is part of the BBC South Today programme.{{Citation needed|date=October 2010}}

;ITV regions

Most of Northamptonshire is covered by [[ITV]]'s [[Anglia Television|Anglia region]] (which broadcasts '''Anglia Today/Tonight'''); in the south-west of the county, primarily [[Brackley]] and the surrounding villages, broadcasts can be received from the [[Oxford transmitter]] which broadcasts [[Meridian Broadcasting|ITV Meridian]]'s '''Meridian Today/Tonight'''.

===Radio===
[[BBC Radio Northampton]], broadcasts on two [[FM radio|FM]] frequencies: 104.2&nbsp;MHz for the south and west of the county (including [[Northampton]] and surrounding area) and 103.6&nbsp;MHz for the north of the county (including [[Kettering]], [[Wellingborough]] and [[Corby]]). BBC Radio Northampton is located in Abington Street, Northampton. These services are broadcast from the [[Sandy Heath]] transmitter in [[Bedfordshire]].

There are three commercial radio stations in the county. The former ''Kettering and Corby Broadcasting Company (KCBC)'' station is now called [[Connect Radio 97.2 & 107.4|Connect Radio]] (97.2 and 107.4 MHZ FM), following a merger with the Wellingborough-based station of the same name. While both [[Heart Northants]] (96.6&nbsp;MHz FM) and [[AM broadcasting|AM]] station [[Gold (radio)|Gold]] (1557&nbsp;kHz) air very little local content as they form part of a national network. National [[Digital audio broadcasting|digital radio]] is also available in Northamptonshire, though coverage is limited.{{Citation needed|date=October 2010}}

==Sport==
[[Image:Bronze Statue Northampton RFC.jpg|right|thumb|Statue inscribed ‘They tackled the job’ outside [[Franklin's Gardens]] ]]

===Rugby Union===
Northamptonshire has many [[rugby union]] clubs. Its premier team, [[Northampton Saints]], competes in the [[Aviva Premiership]] and won the European championship in 2000 by defeating [[Munster Rugby|Munster]] for the [[Heineken Cup]], 9-8. [[Northampton Saints|Saints]] are based at the 13,600 capacity [[Franklin's Gardens]] ground.

===Football===
Northamptonshire has several [[football (soccer)|football]] teams, the most prominent being the [[Football League Two|League Two]] side [[Northampton Town F.C.|Northampton Town]]. Other football teams include [[Corby Town F.C.|Corby Town]], who are in the [[Conference North]] and Kettering Town. [[Wellingborough Town F.C.|Wellingborough Town]] claims to be the sixth oldest club in the country.{{Citation needed|date=October 2010}}

===Cricket===
[[Northamptonshire County Cricket Club]] is in Division Two of the [[County Championship]]. Northamptonshire Cricket Club has recently signed overseas professionals such as [[Sourav Ganguly]].

===Motor Sport===
[[Silverstone Circuit|Silverstone]] is a major [[motor racing]] circuit, most notably used for the [[Grand Prix motor racing|British Grand Prix]]. There is also a dedicated radio station for the circuit which broadcasts on 87.7 FM or 1602 MW when events are taking place. [[Rockingham Motor Speedway|Rockingham Speedway]] [[Corby]] is the largest stadium in the UK with 130,000 seats. It is a US-style elliptical racing circuit (the largest of its kind outside of the US), and is used extensively for all kinds of [[motor racing]] events. The [[Santa Pod]] [[drag racing]] circuit, venue for the [[FIA European Drag Racing Championship]]s is just across the border in [[Bedfordshire]] but has a [[NN postcode area|NN postcode]].

===Swimming===
There are five main swimming clubs in the county: Wellingborough, Northampton, Kettering, Daventry and Rushden. They participate in many competitions. There is also an Olympic sized swimming pool at Corby opened in 2010.

==Culture==
{{expand section|date=November 2010}}
Rock and pop bands originating in the area have included [[Bauhaus (band)|Bauhaus]], [[The Departure]], [[New Cassettes]], [[Raging Speedhorn]] and [[Defenestration (band)|Defenestration]].

==Places of interest==
{{See also|Category:Visitor attractions in Northamptonshire}}
<div style="float:right;">
{{EngPlacesKey}}
</div>
{|cellpadding=0 cellspacing=4 border=0
|-
||
* [[78 Derngate]] [[Image:Museum icon (red).png]]
* [[Althorp]] [[Image:HH icon.png]]
* [[Barnwell Country Park]] [[Image:CP icon.png]]
* [[Barnwell Manor]] [[Image:HH icon.png]]
* [[Billing Aquadrome]]
* [[Borough Hill]] Daventry ([[Iron Age]] hill fort) [[Image:UKAL icon.png]]
* [[Boughton House]] (home of the [[Duke of Buccleuch|Dukes of Buccleuch]]) [[Image:HH icon.png]]
* [[Blisworth tunnel]]
* [[Brackley]]
* [[Brampton Valley Way]] (linear park on a disused [[Rail transport|railway]] line) [[Image:UKAL icon.png]]
* [[Brixworth Country Park]] [[Image:CP icon.png]]
* [[Burghley House]] (in the Soke of Peterborough, so formerly in Northants), [[Image:HH icon.png]]
* [[Canons Ashby House]] [[Image:NTE icon.png]]
* [[Castle Ashby]] (home of the [[Marquess of Northampton]]), [[Image:HH icon.png]]
* [[Coton Manor Garden]]
* [[Cottesbrooke Hall]] [[Image:HH icon.png]]
* [[Daventry Country Park]] [[Image:CP icon.png]]
* [[Deene Park]] [[Image:HH icon.png]]
* [[Delapré Abbey]]
* [[Derngate]] and Royal Theatre
* [[Easton Neston]] [[Image:HH icon.png]]
* [[Elton Hall]] [[Image:HH icon.png]]
* [[Fermyn Woods Country Park]] [[Image:CP icon.png]]
* [[Fotheringhay|Fotheringhay Castle & Church]]
* [[Franklin's Gardens]]
* [[Geddington]]'s [[Eleanor cross]]
* [[Holdenby House]] [[Image:HH icon.png]]
* [[Irchester Country Park]] [[Image:CP icon.png]]
* [[Jurassic Way]] ([[long-distance footpath]])
* [[Kelmarsh Hall]] [[Image:HH icon.png]]
* [[Kirby Hall]] [[Image:EH icon.svg]]
||
* [[Knuston Hall]] [[Image:HH icon.png]]
* [[Lamport Hall]] [[Image:HH icon.png]]
* [[lilford Hall]] [[Image:HH icon.png]]
* [[Lyveden New Bield]] [[Image:NTE icon.png]]
* [[Pitsford Reservoir]]
* [[Prebendal Manor House, Nassington]] [[Image:HH icon.png]]
* [[Naseby Field]]
* [[Northampton Cathedral]]
* [[Northampton & Lamport Railway]] [[Image:HR icon.svg]]
* [[Northamptonshire Ironstone Railway Trust|Northamptonshire Ironstone Railway]] [[Image:HR icon.svg]]
* [http://www.theroadmender.com/ Roadmender - live music venue]
* [[Piddington Roman Villa]]
* [[Rockingham Castle]] [[Image:HH icon.png]]
* [[Rockingham Forest]] [[Image:FC icon.png]]
* [[Rockingham Motor Speedway]]
* [[Rushden Hall]]
* [[Rushden, Higham and Wellingborough Railway]] [[Image:HR icon.svg]]
* [[Rushden Station Railway Museum]]
* [[Rushton Triangular Lodge]] [[Image:EH icon.svg]]
* [[Salcey Forest]] [[Image:FC icon.png]]
* [[Silverstone Circuit]]
* [[Southwick Hall]] [[Image:HH icon.png]]
* [[Stanwick Lakes]] [[Image:CP icon.png]]
* [[Stoke Bruerne Canal Museum]] [[Image:Museum icon (red).png]]
* [[Sulgrave Manor]] [[Image:HH icon.png]]
* [[Summer Leys nature reserve]]
* [[Syresham]]
* [[Sywell Country Park]] [[Image:CP icon.png]]
* [[The Castle Theatre, Wellingborough|The Castle Theatre]]
* [http://www.towcestermuseum.co.uk/ Towcester Museum]
* [[Watford Locks]]
* [[Wellingborough Museum]] [[Image:Museum icon.png]]
* [[Whittlewood Forest]] [[Image:FC icon.png]]
* [[Wicksteed Park]] [[Image:Themepark uk icon.png]]
|}

==Annual events==
* [[Gretton, Northamptonshire|Gretton]] [[Barn dance]]
* [[Grand Prix motor racing|British Grand Prix]] at [[Silverstone Circuit|Silverstone]]
* [[Burghley Horse Trials]]
* [[Crick Boat Show]]
* [[Hollowell|Hollowell Steam Rally]]
* [[Northampton Balloon Festival]]
* [[Rothwell, Northamptonshire|Rothwell]] Fair
* [[Rushden Cavalcade]]
* [[St Crispin Street Fair]]
* [[Wellingborough]] Carnival
* [[World Conker Championships]]

==See also==
{{Portal|Northamptonshire}}
* [[Lord Lieutenant of Northamptonshire|List of Lord Lieutenants of Northamptonshire]]
* [[High Sheriff of Northamptonshire|List of High Sheriffs of Northamptonshire]]
* [[Custos Rotulorum of Northamptonshire]] - List of Keepers of the Rolls
* [[Northamptonshire (UK Parliament constituency)]] - Historical list of MPs for the Northamptonshire constituency
* [[List of places in Northamptonshire]]
* [[History of Northamptonshire]]
* [[East Midlands]]
* [[South Midlands]]
* [[:Category:People from Northamptonshire]]

==Notes==
{{Reflist|30em}}

==References==
* Greenall, R. L. (1979) ''A History of Northamptonshire'' Phillimore & Co. Ltd. ISBN 1-86077-147-5.

==External links==
{{Commons category}}
* [http://www.northamptonshire.gov.uk/en/Pages/HomePage.aspx Northamptonshire County Council]
*{{dmoz|Regional/Europe/United_Kingdom/England/Northamptonshire}}
* [http://www.northamptonshire.co.uk/ Northamptonshire Images and Information]
* [http://www.uk-genealogy.org.uk/gazetteer/england/Northamptonshire/ 1894/5 description]
* [http://northantscommunitycafe.co.uk/ Northants Forum]
* [http://www.theatrenights.com/index.php?list=Events&location=4 Local Theatre in Northamptonshire]
* [http://www.northamptonshire-history.org.uk/ Northamptonshire History Website]
* [http://www.explorenorthamptonshire.co.uk/ Northamptonshire Tourism Website]
* [http://www.northamptonshireguide.co.uk/ Northamptonshire Guide Website]
* [http://www.visitnorthamptonshire.co.uk/ Visit Northamptonshire Website]
* [http://www.northamptonshireforum.co.uk/ Northamptonshire Online Forum]
* [http://www.northantssavings.com/ NorthantsSavings.com (Northamptonshire deals)]
* [http://viewfinder.english-heritage.org.uk/search/results.aspx?index=0&mainQuery=Northamptonshire&searchType=all&form=basic&theme=&county=NORTHAMPTONSHIRE&district=&placeName= Images of Northamptonshire] at the [[National Monuments Record (England)|National Monuments Record]], [[English Heritage]]

{{Geographic location
|title = '''Neighbouring counties'''
|Centre = Northamptonshire
|North = [[Leicestershire]], [[Rutland]]
|Northeast = [[Lincolnshire]], [[Cambridgeshire]]
|East = [[Cambridgeshire]]
|Southeast = [[Bedfordshire]]
|South = [[Buckinghamshire]]
|Southwest = [[Oxfordshire]]
|West = [[Warwickshire]]
|Northwest = [[Leicestershire]]
}}

{{Northamptonshire}}
{{England counties}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2012}}

[[Category:Northamptonshire| ]]
[[Category:Non-metropolitan counties]]
[[Category:East Midlands]]


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52°17′N 0°50′W / 52.283°N 0.833°W / 52.283; -0.833

Northamptonshire

Flag
Motto of County Council:
Rosa concordia signum (The rose: emblem of harmony)
Northamptonshire within England
Geography
Status Ceremonial and non-metropolitan county
Region East Midlands
Area
- Total
- Admin. council
Ranked 24th
2.364 km2 (913 sq mi)
Ranked 22nd
Admin HQNorthampton
ISO 3166-2GB-NTH
ONS code 34
NUTS 3 UKF23
Demography
Population
- Total (2011 est.)
- Density
- Admin. council
[[List of ceremonial counties of England|Ranked Templat:English cerem counties]]
Templat:English cerem counties
[convert: nomor tidak sah]
[[List of non-metropolitan counties of England by population|Ranked Templat:English admin counties]]
Ethnicity 95.1% White
2.0% South Asian
1.2% Black British.
Politics
Arms of Northamptonshire County Council
Northamptonshire County Council
http://www.northamptonshire.gov.uk/
ExecutiveTemplat:English county control
Members of Parliament
Districts
  1. South Northamptonshire
  2. Northampton
  3. Daventry
  4. Wellingborough
  5. Kettering
  6. Corby
  7. East Northamptonshire

Northamptonshire (/[invalid input: 'icon']nɔːrˈθæmptənʃər/ or /nɔːrθˈhæmptənʃɪər/; archaically, the County of Northampton; abbreviated Northants.) is a landlocked ceremonial county in the East Midlands region of England. Its population is 692,000 as at the 2011 census. It has boundaries with eight other ceremonial counties: Warwickshire to the west, Leicestershire and Rutland to the north, Cambridgeshire to the east, Bedfordshire to the south-east, Buckinghamshire to the south, Oxfordshire to the south-west and Lincolnshire to the north-east – England's shortest county boundary at 19 meter (21 yd).[1] The county seat is Northampton. Other large population centres include Kettering, Corby, Wellingborough, Rushden and Daventry.

Northamptonshire's county flower is the cowslip[butuh rujukan].

History

Much of Northamptonshire’s countryside appears to have remained somewhat intractable with regards to early human occupation, resulting in an apparently sparse population and relatively few finds from the Palaeolithic, Mesolithic and Neolithic periods.[2] In about 500 BC the Iron Age was introduced into the area by a continental people in the form of the Hallstatt culture,[3] and over the next century a series of hill-forts were constructed at Arbury Camp, Rainsborough camp, Borough Hill, Castle Dykes, Guilsborough, Irthlingborough, and most notably of all, Hunsbury Hill. There are two more possible hill-forts at Arbury Hill (Badby) and Thenford.[3]

In the 1st century BC, most of what later became Northamptonshire became part of the territory of the Catuvellauni, a Belgic tribe, the Northamptonshire area forming their most northerly possession.[3] The Catuvellauni were in turn conquered by the Romans in 43 AD.[4]

The Roman road of Watling Street passed through the county, and an important Roman settlement, Lactodorum, stood on the site of modern-day Towcester. There were other Roman settlements at Northampton, Kettering and along the Nene Valley near Raunds. A large fort was built at Longthorpe.[3]

After the Romans left, the area eventually became part of the Anglo-Saxon kingdom of Mercia, and Northampton functioned as an administrative centre. The Mercians converted to Christianity in 654 AD with the death of the pagan king Penda.[5] From about 889 the area was conquered by the Danes (as at one point almost all of England was, except for Athelney marsh in Somerset) and became part of the Danelaw - with Watling Street serving as the boundary - until being recaptured by the English under the Wessex king Edward the Elder, son of Alfred the Great, in 917. Northamptonshire was conquered again in 940, this time by the Vikings of York, who devastated the area, only for the county to be retaken by the English in 942.[6] Consequently, it is one of the few counties in England to have both Saxon and Danish town-names and settlements.[butuh rujukan]

The county was first recorded in the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (1011), as Hamtunscire: the scire (shire) of Hamtun (the homestead). The "North" was added to distinguish Northampton from the other important Hamtun further south: Southampton - though the origins of the two names are in fact different.[7]

Rockingham Castle was built for William the Conqueror[8] and was used as a Royal fortress until Elizabethan times. The now-ruined Fotheringhay Castle was used to imprison Mary, Queen of Scots, before her execution.[9] In 1460, during the Wars of the Roses, the Battle of Northampton took place and King Henry VI was captured.[10]

John Speed's 17th century map of Northamptonshire

George Washington, the first President of the United States of America, was born into the Washington family who had migrated to America from Northamptonshire in 1656. George Washington's great-great-great-great-great grandfather, Lawrence Washington, was Mayor of Northampton on several occasions and it was he who bought Sulgrave Manor from Henry VIII in 1539. It was George Washington's great-grandfather, John Washington, who emigrated in 1656 from Northants to Virginia. Before Washington's ancestors moved to Sulgrave, they lived in Warton, Lancashire.[11]

During the English Civil War, Northamptonshire strongly supported the Parliamentarian cause, and the Royalist forces suffered a crushing defeat at the Battle of Naseby in 1645 in the north of the county. King Charles I was imprisoned at Holdenby House in 1647.[12]

In 1823 Northamptonshire was said to "[enjoy] a very pure and wholesome air" because of its dryness and distance from the sea. Its livestock were celebrated: "Horned cattle, and other animals, are fed to extraordinary sizes: and many horses of the large black breed are reared."[13]

Nine years later, the county was described as "a county enjoying the reputation of being one of the healthiest and pleasantest parts of England" although the towns were "of small importance" with the exceptions of Peterborough and Northampton. In summer, the county hosted "a great number of wealthy families... country seats and villas are to be seen at every step."[14] Northamptonshire is still referred to as the county of "spires and squires" because of the numbers of stately homes and ancient churches.[15]

In the 18th and 19th centuries, parts of Northamptonshire and the surrounding area became industrialised. The local specialisation was shoemaking and the leather industry and by the end of the 19th century it was almost definitively the boot and shoe making capital of the world.[butuh rujukan] In the north of the county a large ironstone quarrying industry developed from 1850.[16] During the 1930s, the town of Corby was established as a major centre of the steel industry. Much of Northamptonshire nevertheless remains largely rural.[butuh rujukan]

Corby was designated a new town in 1950[17] and Northampton followed in 1968.[18] Hingga 2005 the government is encouraging development in the South Midlands area, including Northamptonshire.[19]

Peterborough

The Soke of Peterborough was historically associated with and considered part of Northamptonshire, as the county diocese is focused upon the cathedral there.[20] However, Peterborough had its own county council, and in 1965 was merged with the neighbouring small county of Huntingdonshire.[21] Under the Local Government Act 1972 the city of Peterborough became a district of Cambridgeshire.[22]

Geography

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Kilworth Wharf on the Grand Union Canal

Northamptonshire is a landlocked county located in the southern part of the East Midlands region[23] which is sometimes known as the South Midlands. The county contains the watershed between the River Severn and The Wash while several important rivers have their sources in the north-west of the county, including the River Nene, which flows north-eastwards to The Wash, and the "Warwickshire Avon", which flows south-west to the Severn. In 1830 it was boasted that "not a single brook, however insignificant, flows into it from any other district".[24] The highest point in the county is Arbury Hill at 225 meter (738 ft).[25]

There are several towns in the county with Northampton being the largest and most populous. At the time of the 2008 estimates, a population of 685,000 lived in the county with 205,200 living in Northampton. The table below shows all towns with over 9,000 inhabitants.

Rank Town Population Borough/District council
1 Northampton 212,100 (2011) Northampton Borough Council
2 Kettering 93,500 (2011) Kettering Borough Council
3 Wellingborough 75,400 (2011) Borough Council of Wellingborough
4 Corby 61,300 (2011) Corby Borough Council
5 Rushden 28,368 (2001) East Northamptonshire District Council
6 Daventry 22,367 (2001) Daventry District Council
7 Brackley 13,331 (2001) South Northamptonshire District Council

As of 2010 there are 16 settlements in Northamptonshire with a town charter:

Climate

Like the rest of the British Isles, Northamptonshire has an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification). The table below shows the average weather for Northamptonshire from the Moulton weather station.

Data iklim Moulton, Northants
Bulan Jan Feb Mar Apr Mei Jun Jul Agt Sep Okt Nov Des Tahun
Rata-rata tertinggi °C (°F) 7
(45)
8
(46)
11
(52)
13
(55)
17
(63)
19
(66)
22
(72)
23
(73)
19
(66)
14
(57)
10
(50)
7
(45)
14.2
(57.5)
Rata-rata terendah °C (°F) 2
(36)
2
(36)
4
(39)
4
(39)
7
(45)
10
(50)
12
(54)
12
(54)
10
(50)
8
(46)
5
(41)
3
(37)
6.6
(43.9)
Presipitasi cm (inci) 4.51
(1.776)
3.39
(1.335)
2.87
(1.13)
4.39
(1.728)
3.49
(1.374)
4.66
(1.835)
4.21
(1.657)
4.69
(1.846)
5.49
(2.161)
5.68
(2.236)
4.8
(1.89)
4.98
(1.961)
53.16
(20.929)
Sumber: [26]

Governance

Northamptonshire, like most English counties, is divided into a number of local authorities. The seven borough/district councils cover 15 towns and hundreds of villages. The county has a two-tier structure of local government and an elected county council based in Northampton, and is also divided into seven districts each with their own district or borough councils:[27]

Council Where based
Corby Borough Council Corby
Daventry District Council Daventry
East Northamptonshire District Council Thrapston
Kettering Borough Council Kettering
Northampton Borough Council Northampton
South Northamptonshire District Council Towcester
Borough Council of Wellingborough Wellingborough

Northampton itself is the most populous urban district in England not to be administered as a unitary authority (even though several smaller districts are unitary). During the 1990s local government reform, Northampton Borough Council petitioned strongly for unitary status, which led to fractured relations with the County Council.[butuh rujukan]

Before 1974, the Soke of Peterborough was considered geographically part of Northamptonshire, although it had had a separate county council since the late 19th Century and separate Quarter Sessions courts before then. Now part of Cambridgeshire, the city of Peterborough became a unitary authority in 1998, but it continues to form part of that county for ceremonial purposes.[28]

National representation

Northamptonshire returns seven members of Parliament, who all are part of the Conservative Party.[29]

Constituency Member of Parliament Political party
Corby Louise Mensch Conservative
Daventry Chris Heaton-Harris Conservative
Kettering Philip Hollobone Conservative
Northampton North Michael Ellis Conservative
Northampton South Brian Binley Conservative
Northamptonshire South Andrea Leadsom Conservative
Wellingborough & Rushden Peter Bone Conservative

From 1993 until 2005, Northamptonshire County Council,[30] for which each of the 73 electoral divisions in the county elect a single councillor, had been held by the Labour Party; previously it had been under no overall control since 1981. The councils of the rural districts – Daventry, East Northamptonshire, and South Northamptonshire – are strongly Conservative, whereas the political composition of the urban districts is more mixed. At the 2003 local elections, Labour lost control of Kettering, Northampton, and Wellingborough, retaining only Corby. Elections for the entire County Council are held every four years – the last were held on 5 May 2005 when control of the County Council changed from the Labour Party to the Conservatives. The County Council uses a leader and cabinet executive system and abolished its area committees in April 2006.

Economy

Silverstone adds millions every year to the local economy - Kimi Räikkönen testing for McLaren at Silverstone in April 2006

Historically, Northamptonshire's main industry was the manufacture of boots and shoes.[31] Many of the manufacturers closed down in the Thatcher era which in turn left many county people unemployed.[butuh rujukan] Although R Griggs and Co Ltd, the manufacturer of Dr. Martens, still has its UK base in Wollaston near Wellingborough,[32] the shoe industry in the county is now nearly gone. Large employers include the breakfast cereal manufacturers Weetabix, in Burton Latimer, the Carlsberg brewery in Northampton, Avon Products, Siemens, Barclaycard, Saxby Bros Ltd and Golden Wonder.[33][34] In the west of the county is the Daventry International Railfreight Terminal;[35] which is a major rail freight terminal located on the West Coast Main Line near Rugby. Wellingborough also has a smaller railfreight depot[36] on Finedon Road, called Nelisons sidings.[37]

This is a chart of trend of the regional gross value added of Northamptonshire at current basic prices in millions of British Pounds Sterling (correct on 21 December 2005):[38]

Year Regional Gross Value Added[39] Agriculture[40] Industry[41] Services[42]
1995 6,139 112 2,157 3,870
2000 9,743 79 3,035 6,630
2003 10,901 90 3,260 7,551

The region of Northamptonshire, Oxfordshire and the South Midlands has been described as "Motorsport Valley... a global hub" for the motor sport industry.[43][44] The Mercedes GP[45] and Force India[46] Formula One teams have their bases at Brackley and Silverstone respectively, while Cosworth[47] and Mercedes-Benz High Performance Engines[48] are also in the county at Northampton and Brixworth.

International motor racing takes place at Silverstone Circuit[49] and Rockingham Motor Speedway;[50] Santa Pod Raceway is just over the border in Bedfordshire but has a Northants postcode.[51] A study commissioned by Northamptonshire Enterprise Ltd (NEL) reported that Northamptonshire's motorsport sites attract more than 2.1 million visitors per year who spend a total of more than £131 million within the county.[52]

Milton Keynes and South Midlands Growth area

Northamptonshire forms part of the Milton Keynes and South Midlands Growth area which also includes Milton Keynes, Aylesbury Vale and Bedfordshire. This area has been identified as an area which is due to have tens of thousands additional homes built between 2010-2020. In North Northamptonshire (Boroughs of Corby, Kettering, Wellingborough and East Northants), over 52,000 homes are planned or newly-built and 47,000 new jobs are also planned.[53] In West Northamptonshire (boroughs of Northampton, Daventry and South Northants), over 48,000 homes are planned or newly-built and 37,000 new jobs are planned.[54] To overlook the planned developments, two urban regeneration companies have been created: North Northants Development Company (NNDC)[53] and the West Northamptonshire Development Corporation.[54] The NNDC launched a controversial[55] campaign called North Londonshire to attract people from London to the county.[56] There is also a county-wide tourism campaign with the slogan Northamptonshire, Let yourself grow.[57]

Education

Northamptonshire County Council operates a complete comprehensive system with 42 state secondary schools.[58] The county's music and performing arts service provides peripatetic music teaching to schools. It also supports 15 local Saturday morning music and performing arts centres around the county[59] and provides a range of county-level music groups.[60]

Colleges

There are seven colleges across the county, with the Tresham College of Further and Higher Education having four campuses in three towns: Corby, Kettering and Wellingborough.[61] Tresham provides further education and offers vocational courses, GCSEs and A Levels.[62] It also offers Higher Education options in conjunction with several universities.[63] Other colleges in the county are: Fletton House, Knuston Hall, Moulton College, Northampton College, Northampton New College and The East Northamptonshire College.

University

Northamptonshire has one University, the University of Northampton. It has two campuses 25 mil (40,2 km) apart and 10,000 students.[64] It offers courses for needs and interests from foundation and undergraduate level to postgraduate, professional and doctoral qualifications. Subjects include traditional arts, humanities and sciences subjects, as well as entrepreneurship, product design and advertising.[65]

Healthcare

Hospitals

Northampton has several National Health Service branches,[butuh rujukan] the main acute NHS hospitals in the county being Northampton and Kettering General Hospitals. In the south-west of the county, the town of Brackley and surrounding villages are serviced by the Horton General Hospital in Banbury in neighbouring Oxfordshire for acute medical needs. A similar arrangement is in place for the town of Oundle and nearby villages, served by Peterborough District Hospital.

In February 2011 a new satellite out-patient centre opened at Nene Park, Irthlingborough to provide over 40,000 appointments a year, as well as a minor injury unit to serve Eastern Northamptonshire. This was opened to relieve pressure off Kettering General Hospital, and has also replaced the dated Rushden Memorial Clinic which provided at the time about 8,000 appointments a year, when open.[66]

Water contamination

In June 2008, Anglian Water found traces of Cryptosporidium in water supplies of Northamptonshire. The local reservoir at Pitsford was investigated and a European Rabbit which had strayed into it was found,[67] causing the problem. About 250,000 residents were affected;[68] by 14 July 2008, 13 cases of cryptosporidiosis attributed to water in Northampton had been reported.[69] Following the end of the investigation, Anglian Water lifted its boil notice for all affected areas on 4 July 2008.[70] Anglian Water revealed that it will pay up to £30 per household as compensation for customers hit by the water crisis.[71]

Transport

Brackley bypass on the A43

The gap in the hills at Watford Gap meant that many south-east to north-west routes passed through Northamptonshire. The Roman Road Watling Street (now part of the A5) passes through here, as did later canals, railways and major roads.

Roads

Major national roads including the M1 motorway (London to Leeds) and the A14 (Rugby to Ipswich), provide Northamptonshire with transport links, both north–south and east–west. The A43 joins the M1 to the M40 motorway, passing through the south of the county to the junction west of Brackley, and the A45 links Northampton with Wellingborough and Peterborough.

The county road network, managed by Northamptonshire County Council includes the A45 west of the M1 motorway, the A43 between Northampton and the county boundary near Stamford, the A361 between Kilsby and Banbury (Oxon) and all B, C and Unclassified Roads. Since 2009 these highways have been managed on behalf of the county council by MGWSP, a joint venture between May Gurney and WSP.

Rivers and canals

The Grand Union Canal at Braunston

Two major canals – the Oxford and the Grand Union – join in the county at Braunston. Notable features include a flight of 17 locks on the Grand Union at Rothersthorpe, the canal museum at Stoke Bruerne, and a tunnel at Blisworth which, at 2.813 meter (3.076 yd), is the third-longest navigable canal tunnel on the UK canal network.

A branch of the Grand Union Canal connects to the River Nene in Northampton and has been upgraded to a "wide canal" in places and is known as the Nene Navigation. It is famous for its guillotine locks.

Railways

An East Midlands Trains service approaching Wellingborough on the Midland Main Line

Two trunk railway routes, the Midland Main Line and the West Coast Main Line, cross the county. At its peak, Northamptonshire had 75 railway stations. It now has only six, at Northampton and Long Buckby on the West Coast Main Line, Kettering, Wellingborough and Corby on the Midland Main Line, along with King's Sutton, which is a few metres from the boundary with Oxfordshire on the Chiltern Main Line.

Before nationalisation of the railways in 1948 and the creation of British Railways, three of the "Big Four" railway companies operated in Northamptonshire: the London, Midland and Scottish Railway, London and North Eastern Railway and Great Western Railway. Only the Southern Railway was not represented. As of 2010 it is served by Virgin Trains, London Midland, Chiltern Railways and East Midlands Trains.

Corby rail history

Corby was described as the largest town in Britain without a railway station.[72] The railway running through the town from Kettering to Oakham in Rutland was previously used only by freight traffic and occasional diverted passenger trains that did not stop at the station. The line through Corby was once part of a main line to Nottingham through Melton Mowbray, but the stretch between Melton and Nottingham was closed in 1968. In the 1980s, an experimental passenger shuttle service ran between Corby and Kettering but was withdrawn a few years later.[73] On 23 February 2009, a new railway station opened, providing direct hourly access to London St Pancras. Following the opening of Corby Station, Rushden then became the largest town in the UK without a direct railway station.

Closed lines and stations

Railway services in Northamptonshire were reduced by the Beeching Axe in the 1960s.[74] Closure of the line connecting Northampton to Peterborough by way of Wellingborough, Thrapston, and Oundle left eastern Northamptonshire devoid of railways. Part of this route was reopened in 1977 as the Nene Valley Railway. A section of one of the closed lines, the Northampton to Market Harborough line, is now the Northampton & Lamport heritage railway, while the route as a whole forms a part of the National Cycle Network, as the Brampton Valley Way.

As early as 1897 Northamptonshire would have had its own Channel Tunnel rail link with the creation of the Great Central Railway, which was intended to connect to a tunnel under the English Channel. Although the complete project never came to fruition, the rail link through Northamptonshire was constructed, and had stations at Charwelton, Woodford Halse, Helmdon and Brackley. It became part of the London and North Eastern Railway in 1923 (and of British Railways in 1948) before its closure in 1966.[butuh rujukan]

Future

In June 2009 the Association of Train Operating Companies (ATOC) recommended opening a new station on the former Irchester railway station site for Rushden, Higham Ferrers and Irchester, called Rushden Parkway.[75] Network Rail is looking at electrifying the Midland Main Line north of Bedford.[76] A open access company has approached Network Rail for services to Oakham in Rutland to London via the county.[76]

The Rushden, Higham and Wellingborough Railway would like to see the railway fully reopen between Wellingborough and Higham Ferrers. As part of the government-proposed High Speed 2 railway line (between London and Birmingham), the High speed railway line will go through the southern part of the county but with no station built.

Buses

Sywell Aerodrome

Most buses are operated by Stagecoach in Northants and First Northampton. Some town area routes have been named the Corby Star, Connect Kettering, Connect Wellingborough and Daventry Dart; the last three of these routes have route designations that include a letter, such as A, D1, W1, W2, and so on.[77][78]

Airports

Sywell Aerodrome, on the edge of Sywell village, has three grass runways and one concrete all weather runway. It is however only 1000 metres and therefore cannot be served by passenger jets as of yet.[79]

Media

BBC Radio Northampton's Broadcasting House

Newspapers

The two main newspapers in the county are the Northamptonshire Evening Telegraph and the Northampton Chronicle & Echo.[butuh rujukan]

Television

BBC regions

Most of Northamptonshire is served by the BBC's East region which is based in Norwich. The regional news television programme, BBC Look East, provides local news across the East of England, Milton Keynes and most of Northamptonshire. An opt-out in Look East covers the west part of the region only, broadcast from Cambridge. This area also is covered by the BBC's The Politics Show: East and Inside Out: East. A small part of the northern part of the county is covered by BBC East Midlands's regional news BBC East Midlands Today, while a small part of South Northamptonshire is covered by BBC Oxford's regional news BBC Oxford News which is part of the BBC South Today programme.[butuh rujukan]

ITV regions

Most of Northamptonshire is covered by ITV's Anglia region (which broadcasts Anglia Today/Tonight); in the south-west of the county, primarily Brackley and the surrounding villages, broadcasts can be received from the Oxford transmitter which broadcasts ITV Meridian's Meridian Today/Tonight.

Radio

BBC Radio Northampton, broadcasts on two FM frequencies: 104.2 MHz for the south and west of the county (including Northampton and surrounding area) and 103.6 MHz for the north of the county (including Kettering, Wellingborough and Corby). BBC Radio Northampton is located in Abington Street, Northampton. These services are broadcast from the Sandy Heath transmitter in Bedfordshire.

There are three commercial radio stations in the county. The former Kettering and Corby Broadcasting Company (KCBC) station is now called Connect Radio (97.2 and 107.4 MHZ FM), following a merger with the Wellingborough-based station of the same name. While both Heart Northants (96.6 MHz FM) and AM station Gold (1557 kHz) air very little local content as they form part of a national network. National digital radio is also available in Northamptonshire, though coverage is limited.[butuh rujukan]

Sport

Statue inscribed ‘They tackled the job’ outside Franklin's Gardens

Rugby Union

Northamptonshire has many rugby union clubs. Its premier team, Northampton Saints, competes in the Aviva Premiership and won the European championship in 2000 by defeating Munster for the Heineken Cup, 9-8. Saints are based at the 13,600 capacity Franklin's Gardens ground.

Football

Northamptonshire has several football teams, the most prominent being the League Two side Northampton Town. Other football teams include Corby Town, who are in the Conference North and Kettering Town. Wellingborough Town claims to be the sixth oldest club in the country.[butuh rujukan]

Cricket

Northamptonshire County Cricket Club is in Division Two of the County Championship. Northamptonshire Cricket Club has recently signed overseas professionals such as Sourav Ganguly.

Motor Sport

Silverstone is a major motor racing circuit, most notably used for the British Grand Prix. There is also a dedicated radio station for the circuit which broadcasts on 87.7 FM or 1602 MW when events are taking place. Rockingham Speedway Corby is the largest stadium in the UK with 130,000 seats. It is a US-style elliptical racing circuit (the largest of its kind outside of the US), and is used extensively for all kinds of motor racing events. The Santa Pod drag racing circuit, venue for the FIA European Drag Racing Championships is just across the border in Bedfordshire but has a NN postcode.

Swimming

There are five main swimming clubs in the county: Wellingborough, Northampton, Kettering, Daventry and Rushden. They participate in many competitions. There is also an Olympic sized swimming pool at Corby opened in 2010.

Culture

Rock and pop bands originating in the area have included Bauhaus, The Departure, New Cassettes, Raging Speedhorn and Defenestration.

Places of interest

Annual events

See also

Notes

  1. ^ "Lincolnshire County Council". Thebythams.org.uk. 24 October 2005. Diakses tanggal 25 September 2010. 
  2. ^ Greenall (1979) p.19
  3. ^ a b c d Greenall (1979) p.20
  4. ^ BBC - History - Tribes of Britain. Retrieved 16 August 2009. [pranala nonaktif]
  5. ^ Greenall (1979) p.29
  6. ^ Wood, Michael (1986) The Domesday Quest p. 90, BBC Books, 1986 ISBN 0-563-52274-7.
  7. ^ Mills, A.D. (1998). A Dictionary of English Place-names. Second Edition. Oxford University Press, Oxford. p256. ISBN 0-19-280074-4
  8. ^ Rockingham Castle. Retrieved 16 August 2009.
  9. ^ Mott, Allan. BBC - Cambridgeshire - History: Mary Queen of Scots' last days. Retrieved 16 August 2009.
  10. ^ Stearns, Peter N., Langer. William L. The Encyclopedia of world history: ancient, medieval, and modern. Retrieved 16 August 2009.
  11. ^ The Writings of George Washington: Life of Washington. Retrieved 16 August 2009.
  12. ^ Edmonds. 1848. Notes on English history for the use of juvenile pupils. Retrieved 16 August 2009.
  13. ^ Brookes, R., Whittaker, W.B. The General Gazetteer, or, Compendious geographical dictionary, in miniature. 1823. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
  14. ^ Malte-Brun, C. Universal geography: or, A description of all parts of the world. 1832. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
  15. ^ Andrews, R., Teller, M. The Rough Guide to Britain 2004. Rough Guides. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
  16. ^ GENUKI: Northamptonshire Genealogy: Bartholomew's Gazetteer of the British Isles, 1887. 11 August 2008. Retrieved 5 September 2009.
  17. ^ Corby - English Partnerships. Retrieved 16 August 2009.
  18. ^ Northampton - English Partnerships. Retrieved 16 August 2009.
  19. ^ Northamptonshire Chamber :: Milton Keynes & South Midlands Growth Plan. Retrieved 16 August 2009. [pranala nonaktif]
  20. ^ Peterborough Diocesan Registry. Retrieved 15 August 2009.
  21. ^ The Huntingdon and Peterborough Order 1964 (SI 1964/367), see Local Government Commission for England (1958-1967), Report and Proposals for the East Midlands General Review Area (Report No.3), 31 July 1961 and Report and Proposals for the Lincolnshire and East Anglia General Review Area (Report No.9), 7 May 1965
  22. ^ The English Non-metropolitan Districts (Definition) Order 1972 (SI 1972/2039) Part 5: County of Cambridgeshire
  23. ^ Northamptonshire - Let yourself grow: Media information about Northamptonshire. Retrieved 15 August 2009.
  24. ^ UK Genealogy Archives: Transcript from Pigot & Co's Commercial Directory, 1830. Retrieved 15 August 2009.
  25. ^ Northamptonshire Genealogy: Bartholomew's Gazetteer of the British Isles, 1887. Retrieved 15 August 2009.
  26. ^ "Average weather for Northamptonshire (Moulton weather station)". 
  27. ^ Northamptonshire County Council: District and Borough Councils. 2008. Retrieved 22 August 2009.
  28. ^ The Cambridgeshire (City of Peterborough) (Structural, Boundary and Electoral Changes) Order 1996 (SI 1996/1878), see Local Government Commission for England (1992), Final Recommendations for the Future Local Government of Cambridgeshire, October 1994 and Final Recommendations on the Future Local Government of Basildon & Thurrock, Blackburn & Blackpool, Broxtowe, Gedling & Rushcliffe, Dartford & Gravesham, Gillingham & Rochester upon Medway, Exeter, Gloucester, Halton & Warrington, Huntingdonshire & Peterborough, Northampton, Norwich, Spelthorne and the Wrekin, December 1995
  29. ^ Northamptonshire County Council: Members of Parliament. 27 April 2009. Retrieved 22 August 2009.
  30. ^ "Northamptonshire County Council website". Diakses tanggal 4 June 2009. 
  31. ^ GENUKI: Northamptonshire Genealogy: Bartholomew's Gazetteer of the British Isles. 1887. Retrieved 22 August 2009.
  32. ^ Kellysearch.co.uk: R Griggs & Co. Ltd. Retrieved 22 August 2009.
  33. ^ Northamptonshire Chamber: Major Northamptonshire employers. Retrieved 22 August 2009. [pranala nonaktif]
  34. ^ [1]. Retrieved 23 August 2009.
  35. ^ Prologis RFI Dirft Daventry. Retrieved 22 August 2009.
  36. ^ FirstGBRf: FirstGBRf opens unique depot at Wellingborough. 12 June 2007. Retrieved 22 August 2009.
  37. ^ GB Railfreight: Locations, Wellingborough Retrieved 11 November 2010
  38. ^ Regional Gross Value Added.Office for National Statistics. pp 240–253. 21 December 2005. Retrieved 22 August 2009.
  39. ^ Components may not sum to totals due to rounding
  40. ^ includes hunting and forestry
  41. ^ includes energy and construction
  42. ^ includes financial intermediation services indirectly measured
  43. ^ Coe, N.M., Kelly, P.F, Wai-Chung Yeung, H. Economic geography: a contemporary introduction. Wiley-Blackwell, 2007. pp 141-143. Retrieved 22 August 2009.
  44. ^ Russell Hotten. Motor racing battles to stay out of pits. TimesOnline. 27 March 2009. Retrieved 22 August 2009.
  45. ^ Official site of Mercedes GP Formula One Team: Contact us. Retrieved 4 March 2010.
  46. ^ Force India F1 Team: Contact us. Retrieved 22 August 2009.
  47. ^ Cosworth: Contact. Retrieved 22 August 2009.
  48. ^ Mercedes-Benz High Performance Engines Ltd: Contact. Retrieved 22 August 2009.
  49. ^ Silverstone Official Website: Contact Numbers. Retrieved 22 August 2009.
  50. ^ Getting to Rockingham. Retrieved 22 August 2009.
  51. ^ Santa Pod Raceway: Contact/find us/postcode. Retrieved 22 August 2009.
  52. ^ Motorsport to grow 30% in next decade. Northants Evening Telegraph. 25 June 2009. Retrieved 22 August 2009.
  53. ^ a b MSKM: North Northants Accessed 2 October 2010
  54. ^ a b MKSM: West Northants Accessed 2 October 2010
  55. ^ Northants Evening Telegraph: Come to North Londonshire Accessed 2 October 2010
  56. ^ North Londonshire: home page Accessed 2 October 2010
  57. ^ Let yourself grow: home page Accessed 2 October 2010
  58. ^ Northamptonshire County Council: Northamptonshire Schools Directory. Retrieved 8 August 2009.
  59. ^ Northamptonshire County Council: Saturday Music and Performing Arts Centres. Retrieved 8 August 2009. [pranala nonaktif]
  60. ^ Northamptonshire County Council: Music Service: Youth Groups. Retrieved 8 August 2009. [pranala nonaktif]
  61. ^ Tresham College: Our Campuses. Retrieved 8 August 2009.
  62. ^ Tresham College: Our Courses. Retrieved 8 August 2009.
  63. ^ Tresham College: Higher Education. Retrieved 8 August 2009.
  64. ^ The University of Northampton: About Us. Retrieved 8 August 2009.
  65. ^ The University of Northampton: Course finder. Retrieved 8 August 2009.
  66. ^ "New £4.2m Irthlingborough outpatients clinic opens". BBC News. 7 February 2011. Diakses tanggal 7 February 2011. 
  67. ^ Tite, Nick (14 July 2008). "Rabbit caused water contamination at Pitsford - Northants ET". Northants Evening Telegraph. Diakses tanggal 22 August 2008. 
  68. ^ "Sickness bug found in tap water". BBC. 25 June 2008. Diakses tanggal 15 July 2008. 
  69. ^ "BBC News". News at Ten, BBC One. BBC. 14 July 2008. 
  70. ^ "Anglian Water", Press Release
  71. ^ "Water crisis: All clear for tap water - and up to £30 compensation! - Northampton Chronicle and Echo". Chronicle & Echo. 5 July 2008. Diakses tanggal 22 August 2008. 
  72. ^ Britten, Nick (23 February 2009). "Corby station". London: Telegraph.co.uk. Diakses tanggal 25 September 2010. 
  73. ^ Network South East routes[pranala nonaktif]
  74. ^ "SMJR". Smjr.info. 19 September 2010. Diakses tanggal 25 September 2010. 
  75. ^ [2] ATOC Connecting Communities Report
  76. ^ a b Network Rail: East Midlands Draft Route Utilisation Strategy Access date: 4 January 2010]
  77. ^ Stagecoach Northants
  78. ^ "First Northampton: Timetables". Firstgroup.com. 19 September 2010. Diakses tanggal 25 September 2010. 
  79. ^ http://www.ead.eurocontrol.int/eadbasic/pamslight-113B93979B7148E51E98BD22C3FF290E/7FE5QZZF3FXUS/EN/AIP/AD/EG_AD_2_EGBK_en_2011-03-10.pdf

References

  • Greenall, R. L. (1979) A History of Northamptonshire Phillimore & Co. Ltd. ISBN 1-86077-147-5.

Templat:Northamptonshire Templat:England counties id:Northamptonshire