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Operasi Odyssey Dawn: Perbedaan antara revisi

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{{infobox military conflict
| conflict = Operation Odyssey Dawn
| partof = the [[Intervensi militer AS 2011]] and the [[Perang Sipil Libya]]
| image = [[File:USS Barry fires Tomahawk missile Libya.png|border|300px]]
| caption = The {{USS|Barry|DDG-52}} fires a [[Tomahawk (missile)|Tomahawk cruise missile]] during Operation Odyssey Dawn.
| tanggal = 19–31 Maret 2011
| place = Libya
| coordinates =
| map_type =
| latitude =
| longitude =
| map_size =
| map_caption =
| map_label =
| territory =
| result =
| result = Kemenangan [[NATO]] secara mutlak<br />Pembuatan zona larang terbang<ref>{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/03/20/us.mullen.libya/index.html?hpt=T1|title=Mullen: No-fly zone effectively in place in Libya|last=Cohen|first=Tom|date=20 March 2011|publisher=CNN|accessdate=20 March 2011}}</ref><br />
| combatant1 = {{flag|Belgium}}<br />{{flag|Canada}}<br />{{flag|Denmark}}<br />{{flag|Italy}}<br />{{flag|Netherlands}}<br />{{flag|Norway}}<br>{{flag|Qatar}}<br />{{flag|Spain}}<br />{{flag|United Arab Emirates}}<br />{{nowrap|{{flag|United States of America}}}}
| combatant2 = {{nowrap|{{flag|Libyan Arab Jamahiriya|1977}}}}
| commander1={{flagicon|USA}} [[Barack Obama]]<small><br />Presiden Amerika Serikat and<br />Commander in Chief dari Angkatan Bersenjata AS</small><br />
{{flagicon|USA}} [[Robert Gates]]<small><br />U.S. Secretary of Defense</small><br />
{{flagicon|USA}} [[Carter Ham|GEN Carter Ham]], USA<small><br />U.S. Africa Command Commander</small><br />
{{flagicon|USA}} [[Samuel J. Locklear|ADM Samuel Locklear]], USN<small><br />Joint Task Force Commander</small><br />
{{flagicon|USA}} [[Harry B. Harris|VADM Harry Harris]], USN<small><br />Joint Forces Maritime Component Commander</small><br />
{{nowrap|{{flagicon|USA}} [[Margaret H. Woodward|Maj Gen Margaret Woodward]], USAF<small><br />Joint Forces Air Component Commander</small>}}
|commander2= {{flagicon|Libya|1977}} [[Muammar Gaddafi]]{{KIA}}<small><br />De facto Commander-in-Chief</small><br />
{{flagicon|Libya|1977}} [[Abu-Bakr Yunis Jabr]]{{KIA}}<small><br />Menteri Pertahanan Libya</small><br />
{{flagicon|Libya|1977}} [[Khamis Gaddafi|Khamis al-Gaddafi]]{{KIA}}<small><br />[[Khamis Brigade]] Komandan</small><br />
{{flagicon|Libya|1977}} [[Ali Sharif al-Rifi]]<small><br />[[Libyan Air Force (1951-2011)|Air Force]] Komandan</small>
| units1 =
| units2 =
| units3 =
| strength1 = 80 pesawat tempur <br /> 40 pesawat pendukung <br /> 3 [[kapal selam]] <br /> 11 [[kapal perang]]
| strength2 = 490 tanks<br />{{nowrap|240 mobile rocket launchers}}<!-- no wrapped because longest entry in right column --><br />35 helicopters<br />113 air-land attack fighters<br />229 air fighters<br />7 bombers<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.theworldreporter.com/2011/03/gaddafi-attacked-city-of-misrata-us-to.html |title=Gaddafi Attacked City of Misrata; US to Bomb More , The World Reporter: News Opinion and Analysis |publisher=The World Reporter |accessdate=21 March 2011}}</ref>
| strength3 =
| casualties1 = {{flagicon|USA}} 1 F-15E (kerusakan mesin,<ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.wired.com/dangerroom/2011/03/f-15-pilots-eject-over-libya-after-equipment-malfunction/ |title=F-15 Crew Ejects Over Libya After Mechanical Failure |last1=Ackerman |first1=Spencer |date=22 March 2011 |work=Danger Room, Wired.com |publisher=Condé Nast |accessdate=13 January 2013}}</ref> kru selamat<ref name="USMCrescue" />) <br />1 [[Northrop Grumman MQ-8 Fire Scout|MQ-8B Fire Scout]] (ditembak jatuh<ref>{{cite news |title=Navy: UAV likely downed by pro-Gadhafi forces |author=Joshua Stewart |url=http://www.navytimes.com/news/2011/08/navy-fire-scout-likely-shot-down-libya-080511w/ |newspaper=Navy Times |date=5 August 2011 |accessdate=13 January 2013}}</ref>)
| casualties2 = Banyak pertahanan anti-udara rusak
| casualties3 = 114 penduduk sipil terbunuh and 445 terluka (Klaim dari Libya)*<ref>{{cite news|url=http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/africa/9436749.stm|title=Mid-East crisis as it happened: 25&nbsp;March&nbsp;|date=25 March 2011|accessdate=25 March 2011|work=BBC News }}</ref><br>40 civilians killed (di Tripoli, menurut Vatican)<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.jpost.com/MiddleEast/Article.aspx?id=214560|title=Vatican: Airstrikes killed 40 civilians in Tripoli |date=31 March 2011|accessdate=31 March 2011}}</ref>
| notes = '''*'''Pendapat dari pihak Libya belum dapat dikonfirmasi<ref>{{cite web|url=http://english.aljazeera.net/news/africa/2011/03/201132094116102192.html|title=Gaddafi denounces foreign intervention|publisher=Al Jazeera English|date=20 March 2011|accessdate=20 March 2011}}</ref> Militer AS tidak tahu bila ada korban di pihak sipil<ref>{{cite news|author=By  the CNN Wire Staff |url=http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/03/20/libya.civil.war/ |title=CNN. March&nbsp;20,&nbsp;2011|publisher=CNN|accessdate=19 May 2011 |date=21 March 2011}}</ref>
}}
'''Operasi Odyssey Dawn''' adalah kata sandi untuk partisipasi [[Amerika Serikat]] di dalam penegakan zona larangan terbang [[Libya]]<ref name=DODNewsArticle>{{cite web|url=http://www.defense.gov/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=63225 |title=News Article: Coalition Launches Operation Odyssey Dawn |publisher=Defense.gov |date=2009-03-12 |accessdate=2011-03-19}}</ref>. Operasi militer yang dilakukan [[Britania Raya]] adalah [[Operasi Ellamy]], [[Kanada]] melakukan [[Operasi MOBILE]], dan [[Perancis]] melakukan [[Operasi Harmattan]].
'''Operasi Odyssey Dawn''' adalah kata sandi untuk partisipasi [[Amerika Serikat]] di dalam penegakan zona larangan terbang [[Libya]]<ref name=DODNewsArticle>{{cite web|url=http://www.defense.gov/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=63225 |title=News Article: Coalition Launches Operation Odyssey Dawn |publisher=Defense.gov |date=2009-03-12 |accessdate=2011-03-19}}</ref>. Operasi militer yang dilakukan [[Britania Raya]] adalah [[Operasi Ellamy]], [[Kanada]] melakukan [[Operasi MOBILE]], dan [[Perancis]] melakukan [[Operasi Harmattan]].

==Pasukan yang dikerahkan==
* {{flag icon|BEL}} [[Angkatan Bersenjata Belgia]]
** [[Belgian Air Component]]
*** 6 [[General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon|F-16AM 15MLU Falcon]] pesawat tempur beroperasi dari [[Araxos|Araxos Air Base]], Yunani.
* {{flag icon|CAN}} [[Canadian Forces]]
** [[Royal Canadian Air Force]]<ref name="forces1">[http://www.forces.gc.ca/site/feature-vedette/2011/02/updates-misesajour/03-22-2011-eng.asp "Update on CF Operations in Libya"] Canadian Forces website, 22 March 2011</ref>
***Total 440 personel
*** 7 [[pesawat tempur]] [[CF-188 Hornet|CF-18 Hornet]] berasal dari [[Trapani-Birgi Airport]], Italia
*** 2 [[pesawat pengisi bahan bakar]] [[Airbus CC-150 Polaris]] beroperasi dari [[Trapani-Birgi Airport]], Italia
*** 2 [[pesawat patroli maritim]] [[Lockheed CP-140 Aurora]] beroperasi dari [[Naval Air Station Sigonella]], Sisilia, Italia
*** 2 [[Boeing C-17 Globemaster III|CC-177 Globemaster III]]
*** 2 [[pesawat pengangkut]] [[CC-130J Super Hercules]]
** [[Royal Canadian Navy]]<ref name="forces1"/>
*** [[Fregat]] {{HMCS|Charlottetown|FFH 339|6}}<ref>[http://www.forces.gc.ca/site/news-nouvelles/news-nouvelles-eng.asp?cat=00&id=3758 "Canadian Forces Deploy Maritime Patrol Aircraft In Response To Situation In Libya"] Canadian Forces website, 25 March 2011</ref>
* {{flag icon|DEN}} [[Danish Defence|Danish Armed Forces]]<ref>{{cite web |url=http://politiken.dk/newsinenglish/ECE1227910/denmark-to-send-squadron-on-libya-op/ |title=Denmark to send squadron on Libya op |language=Danish |publisher=Politiken.dk |date=14 March 2011 |accessdate=19 March 2011}}</ref>
** [[Royal Danish Air Force]]
*** 6 [[pesawat tempur]] [[General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon|F-16AM 15MLU Falcon]]
*** 1 [[pesawat pengangkut]] [[Lockheed Martin C-130J Super Hercules|C-130J-30]]
* {{flag icon|ITA}} [[Italian Armed Forces]]
** [[Italian Air Force]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.rainews24.it/it/news.php?newsid=151184 |title=La Russa: Presto altri aerei italiani |publisher=rainews24.it |date=22 March 2011|accessdate=22 March 2011}}</ref>
*** 4 [[pesawat peperangan elektronik]] [[Panavia Tornado|Tornado ECR]]
*** 4 [[pesawat tempur]] [[General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon|F-16A 15ADF Falcon]] yang berfungsi sebagai pengawal
*** 1 [[pesawat pengisi bahan bakar]] [[C-130J Super Hercules|C-130 J]] beroperasi dari Trapani Air Base
* {{flag icon|Netherlands}} [[Armed forces of the Netherlands|Netherlands Armed Forces]]
** [[Royal Netherlands Air Force]]<ref name=F16net>Lieven Dewitte (24 March 2011) [http://www.f-16.net/news_article4320.html Dutch contribute six F-16s and a KDC-10 to Odyssey Dawn] F-16.net</ref><ref name=UKParl>Claire Taylor and Ben Smith (4 April 2011) [http://www.parliament.uk/briefingpapers/commons/lib/research/briefings/snia-05909.pdf Military Operations in Libya] House of Commons Library, [http://www.parliament.uk/ www.parliament.uk] (UK Parliament Website)</ref>
*** 6 [[pesawat tempur]] [[General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon|F-16AM 15MLU Falcon]] dari [[Decimomannu Air Base]], Italia
*** 1 [[pesawat pengisi bahan bakar]] [[McDonnell Douglas DC-10|KDC10]]
* {{flag icon|NOR}} [[Angkatan Bersenjata Norwegia]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.fvn.no/nyheter/innenriks/article848806.ece |title=> Norske fly under amerikansk kommando |publisher=fvn.no |accessdate=19 May 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|author=23 March 2011 |url=http://www.newsinenglish.no/2011/03/23/fighter-jets-go-under-us-command/ |title=Fighter jets put under US command : Views and News from Norway |publisher=Newsinenglish.no |date=23 March 2011 |accessdate=19 May 2011}}</ref>
**[[Royal Norwegian Air Force]]
*** 6 [[pesawat tempur]] [[General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon|F-16AM 15MLU Falcon]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.dagbladet.no/2011/03/20/nyheter/libya/utenriks/muammar_kadhafi/kadhafi/15879797/ |title=Vet ikke hvilke farer som møter dem – nyheter |publisher=Dagbladet.no |date=20 March 2011 |accessdate=19 May 2011}}</ref>
*** 2 [[pesawat pengangkut]] [[C-130J Super Hercules|C-130J-30]] untuk mendukung pasukan Norwegia.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/article4076935.ece |title=Faremo: – Ikke aktuelt å væpne libyske opprørere – Nyheter – Innenriks |publisher=Aftenposten.no |accessdate=19 May 2011}}</ref>
* {{flag icon|QAT}} [[Angkatan Bersenjata Qatar]]
** [[Qatar Emiri Air Force]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123248695|title=New coalition member flies first sortie enforcing no-fly zone over Libya|publisher=Joint Task Force Odyssey Dawn Public Affairs |date=25 March 2011 |accessdate=15 April 2011}}</ref>
*** 6 [[pesawat tempur]] [[Dassault Mirage 2000|Mirage 2000-5EDA]]
*** 2 [[pesawat pengangkut]] [[Boeing C-17 Globemaster III|C-17 Globemaster III]]
* {{flag icon|ESP}} [[Angkatan Bersenjata Spanyol]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mde.es/gabinete/notasPrensa/2011/03/DGC_110321_primeramision_f18.html |title=Ministerio de Defensa – Dos cazas y el avión de reabastecimiento realizan la primera patrulla aérea en Libia |publisher=Mde.es |accessdate=19 May 2011}}</ref>
** [[Angkatan Udara Spanyol]]
*** 4 [[pesawat tempur]] [[McDonnell Douglas F/A-18 Hornet|EF-18AM Hornet]]
*** 1 [[pesawat pengisi bahan bakar]] [[Boeing 707|Boeing 707-331B(KC)]]
*** 1 [[CN-235]] [[pesawat patroli maritim]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.larazon.es/noticia/824-luz-verde-para-abrir-fuego |title=Las fuerzas españolas tienen luz verde para abrir fuego |publisher=larazon.es |accessdate=5 June 2011}}</ref>
** [[Angkatan Laut Spanyol]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.webcitation.org/5xQrG961V |title=Spanish Fighter Jets Complete First Patrol Over Libya |publisher=webcitation.org |accessdate=5 June 2011}}</ref>
*** [[Fregat]][[Aegis Combat System|AEGIS]] [[Álvaro de Bazán class frigate|F-104 Méndez Núñez]]
*** [[Kapal selam pemburu]] [[S-74 Tramontana]]
* {{flag icon|UAE}} [[Union Defence Force (UAE)|Union Defence Force]]<ref>{{cite web|author=(AFP) – 27 Mar 2011 |url=http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5jyHWoopR-bfPx_fWg_9a5HgpSBPQ?docId=CNG.82fce0d1e069b2865b114176f57c0264.2a1 |title=AFP: UAE fighter jets arrive in Italy for Libya operations |publisher=Google |date=27 March 2011 |accessdate=19 May 2011}}</ref>
** [[Angkatan Udara United Arab Emirates]]
*** 6 [[pesawat tempur]] [[F-16 Fighting Falcon variants#F-16E/F|F-16E/F Block 60 Falcon]]
*** 6 [[pesawat tempur]] [[Dassault Mirage 2000]]
* {{flagicon|USA}} [[Angkatan Bersenjata Amerika Serikat]]
** [[United States Navy]]<ref>{{cite news|last=Dagher |first=Sam |url=http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704021504576211690643186556.html |title=Allies Press Libya Attacks |work=The Wall Street Journal |date= 21 March 2011|accessdate=21 March 2011}}</ref>
*** {{USS|Mount Whitney|LCC-20}}, kapal komando [[Armada Keenam Amerika Serikat]]
**** The ''Kearsarge'' [[amphibious ready group|Amphibious Ready Group]], terdiri dari :
***** {{USS|Kearsarge|LHD-3}}, a {{sclass|Wasp|kapal serang amfibi}}
***** {{USS|Ponce|LPD-15}}, an {{sclass|Austin|kapal transportasi}}
***** [[USS Carter Hall (LSD-50)|USS ''Carter Hall'' (LSD-50)]], kapal [[Harpers Ferry class dock landing ship|''Harpers&nbsp;Ferry''-class]] [[kapal pendarat]]
***** bersama dengan [[26th Marine Expeditionary Unit]]
**** {{USS|Barry|DDG-52}}, ''[[Arleigh Burke class destroyer|Arleigh Burke]]''-class [[kapal perusak]]
**** {{USS|Stout|DDG-55}}, ''[[Arleigh Burke class destroyer|Arleigh Burke]]''-class [[kapal perusak]]
**** {{USS|Providence|SSN-719}}, ''[[Los Angeles class submarine|Los Angeles]]''-class [[kapal selam nuklir]]{{#tag:ref|USS ''Providence'' left the area some time around 27–28 March.<ref name="AFPMar29"/>|group=Note}}
**** {{USS|Scranton|SSN-756}}, ''[[Los Angeles class submarine|Los Angeles]]''-class [[kapal selam nuklir#United States Navy|nuclear attack submarine]]
**** {{USS|Florida|SSGN-728}}, {{sclass-|Ohio|submarine|0}} [[kapal selam]]<ref>{{cite web|last=Media |first=Defense |url=http://www.navy.mil/search/display.asp?story_id=59192 |title=U.S. Naval Forces Open Odyssey Dawn, Prepare No-Fly Zone |publisher=Navy.mil |accessdate=21 March 2011}}</ref>
**** {{USNS|Kanawha|T-AO-196|6}}, [[Henry J. Kaiser class oiler|''Henry J. Kaiser''-class]] [[Oiler (ship)|oiler]] <ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.keeptalkinggreece.com/2011/03/20/greek-defence-ministry-no-participation-in-operations-outside-the-nato/ |title=Greek Defence Ministry: No participation in operations outside the NATO |publisher=Keep Talking Greece |date=20 March 2011 |accessdate=19 May 2011}}</ref>
**** {{USNS|Lewis and Clark|T-AKE-1|6}}, {{sclass|Lewis and Clark|dry cargo ship}}<ref name=autogenerated4>{{cite web |url=http://www.defense.gov/news/PAO_DJS_Slides_19Mar11_v3.pdf |format=PDF |title=Pentagon Briefing slides |publisher=United States Department of Defense}}</ref>
**** {{USNS|Robert E. Peary|T-AKE-5|6}}, {{sclass|Lewis and Clark|dry cargo ship}}
*** 5 [[pesawat peperangan elektronik]] [[Boeing EA-18G Growler|EA-18G Growler]] <ref name="CNNplanes"/><ref>{{cite web |url=http://www.defense.gov/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=63272 |title=Roughead: Ships Were Ready for Odyssey Dawn |publisher=American Forces Press Service |date=23 March 2011}}</ref>
*** 2 [[pesawat patroli maritim]] [[Lockheed P-3 Orion|P-3C Update 3]]
*** 2 [[pesawat patroli maritim]] [[Lockheed P-3 Orion|P-3C AIP]]
** [[Angkatan Udara Amerika Serikat]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-503543_162-20044969-503543.html |title=Crisis in Libya: U.S. bombs Qaddafi's airfields – World Watch |publisher=CBS News |date= 19 March 2011|accessdate=21 March 2011}}</ref>
*** 3 [[pesawat pembom strategis]] [[Northrop Grumman B-2 Spirit|B-2 Spirit]] <ref name=autogenerated3>{{cite web|author=Morning Edition |url=http://www.npr.org/2011/03/21/134726240/No-Fly-Zone-Enforcer |title=B-2 Bombers From Missouri Hit Libyan Targets |publisher=NPR |date=21 March 2011 |accessdate=19 May 2011}}</ref>
*** 2 [[pesawat pembom strategis]] [[Rockwell B-1 Lancer|B-1B]] <ref name=autogenerated5>{{cite news|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2011/03/29/us/29military.html?ref=africa|title=U.U. Gives Its Air Power Expansive Role In Libya|newspaper=The New York Times|date=28 March 2011|accessdate=29 March 2011|first=Eric|last=Schmitt}}</ref>
*** 10 [[pesawat tempur]] [[McDonnell Douglas F-15E Strike Eagle|F-15E Strike Eagle]] dari [[RAF Lakenheath]]<ref name="CNNplanes">{{cite news|url=http://edition.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/03/20/libya.planes/|title=Wide array of U.S. warplanes used in Libya attacks|publisher=CNN|date=1 April 2011}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1368043/Libya-US-Tomahawk-missiles-herald-beginning-end-Gaddafi.html|title='Odyssey Dawn': U.S. cruise missiles herald the beginning of the end for Gaddafi as the West loses patience with Libya|work=Daily Mail |location=UK |date=20 March 2011|first1=Glen|last1=Owen|first2=Brendan|last2=Carlin|first3=Ian|last3=Gallagher}}</ref>
*** 8 [[pesawat tempur]] [[General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon|F-16C Fighting Falcon]] dari [[Spangdahlem Air Base]]
*** 2 [[helikopter utilitas]] [[Sikorsky HH-60 Pave Hawk|HH-60 Pave Hawk]]
*** 3 [[pesawat peperangan elektronik]] [[E-3 Sentry]] bertugas sebagai pesawat peringatan dini
*** 3 [[pesawat peperangan elektronik]] [[Northrop Grumman E-8 Joint STARS|E-8C]] sebagai pesawat manajemen pertempuran
*** 1 [[pesawat peperangan elektronik]] [[Lockheed EC-130H Compass Call|EC-130H]]
*** 1 [[pesawat peperangan elektronik]] [[Lockheed EC-130|EC-130J]]sebagai pesawat untuk perang urat syaraf dan propaganda
*** 1 [[pesawat peperangan elektronik]] [[Boeing RC-135|RC-135V/W Rivet Joint]] untuk [[pengintaian elektronik]]<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.businessweek.com/news/2011-03-26/qaddafi-is-attacking-civilians-with-elite-units-official-says.html|title=Qaddafi Is Attacking Civilians With Elite Units, Official Says|work=Business Week |date=26 March 2011}}</ref>
*** 2 [[pesawat serang darat]] [[Lockheed AC-130|AC-130U]] gunships
*** 4 [[pesawat pengisi bahan bakar]] [[KC-10 Extender|KC-10A Extender]]
*** 20 [[pesawat pengisi bahan bakar]] [[KC-135 Stratotanker]]
*** 6 [[pesawat serang darat]] [[Fairchild Republic A-10 Thunderbolt II|A-10 Thunderbolt]]
*** 6 [[pesawat tidak berawak]] [[Northrop Grumman RQ-4 Global Hawk|Global Hawk]]
*** Predator/Reaper UAV
** [[Korps Marinir Amerika Serikat]]
*** 4 [[pesawat serang darat]][[McDonnell Douglas AV-8B Harrier II|AV-8B Harrier II]] <ref name="CNNplanes"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.marinecorpstimes.com/news/2011/03/marine-jets-involved-in-libya-airstrikes-032011/|title=Marine jets involved in Libya airstrikes|date=20 March 2011|publisher=[[Marine Corps Times]]|accessdate=22 March 2011}}</ref>
*** 400 Marinir dari [[1st Battalion 2nd Marines]] from [[Camp Lejeune]]
*** 2 [[helikopter utilitas]] [[Bell-Boeing V-22 Osprey|MV-22 Osprey]] dari 26th MEU, ikut dalam upaya penyelamatan pilot.<ref name="USMCrescue">{{cite web|url=http://www.marinecorpstimes.com/news/2011/03/marine-libya-pilot-rescue-details-released-032211w/|title=Details of Marines’ pilot rescue released|last=Lamothe|first=Dan|date=22 March 2011|publisher=Marine Corps Times|accessdate=24 March 2011}}</ref>
*** 2[[Sikorsky CH-53E Super Stallion|CH-53E Super Stallion]]s dari 26th MEU, ikut dalam upaya penyelamatan pilot.<ref name="USMCrescue" />
*** 1 [[Lockheed Martin C-130J Super Hercules|KC-130J Hercules]] dari 26th MEU, ikut dalam upaya penyelamatan pilot.<ref name="USMCrescue" />
**[[Central Intelligence Agency]]
***Agen CIA mengumpulkan informasi politik dan militer<ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.cnn.com/2011/WORLD/africa/03/31/libya.war/index.html?hpt=T1 |publisher=CNN | title=U.S. officials, opposition warn Libya could get bloodier | date=1 April 2011}}</ref>


== Catatan ==
== Catatan ==
<references />
<references group="Note"/>


== Referensi ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Protes Libya 2011}}
{{Protes Libya 2011}}
{{militer-stub}}
{{militer-stub}}

Revisi per 26 Februari 2013 04.58

Operation Odyssey Dawn
Bagian dari the Intervensi militer AS 2011 and the Perang Sipil Libya

The USS Barry (DDG-52) fires a Tomahawk cruise missile during Operation Odyssey Dawn.
LokasiLibya
Hasil Kemenangan NATO secara mutlak
Pembuatan zona larang terbang[1]
Pihak terlibat
 Belgium
 Canada
 Denmark
 Italy
 Netherlands
 Norway
 Qatar
 Spain
 United Arab Emirates
 United States of America
 Libyan Arab Jamahiriya
Tokoh dan pemimpin

Amerika Serikat Barack Obama
Presiden Amerika Serikat and
Commander in Chief dari Angkatan Bersenjata AS

Amerika Serikat Robert Gates
U.S. Secretary of Defense

Amerika Serikat GEN Carter Ham, USA
U.S. Africa Command Commander

Amerika Serikat ADM Samuel Locklear, USN
Joint Task Force Commander

Amerika Serikat VADM Harry Harris, USN
Joint Forces Maritime Component Commander

Amerika Serikat Maj Gen Margaret Woodward, USAF
Joint Forces Air Component Commander

Libya Muammar Gaddafi 
De facto Commander-in-Chief

Libya Abu-Bakr Yunis Jabr 
Menteri Pertahanan Libya

Libya Khamis al-Gaddafi 
Khamis Brigade Komandan

Libya Ali Sharif al-Rifi
Air Force Komandan
Kekuatan
80 pesawat tempur
40 pesawat pendukung
3 kapal selam
11 kapal perang
490 tanks
240 mobile rocket launchers
35 helicopters
113 air-land attack fighters
229 air fighters
7 bombers[2]
Korban
Amerika Serikat 1 F-15E (kerusakan mesin,[3] kru selamat[4])
1 MQ-8B Fire Scout (ditembak jatuh[5])
Banyak pertahanan anti-udara rusak
114 penduduk sipil terbunuh and 445 terluka (Klaim dari Libya)*[6]
40 civilians killed (di Tripoli, menurut Vatican)[7]
*Pendapat dari pihak Libya belum dapat dikonfirmasi[8] Militer AS tidak tahu bila ada korban di pihak sipil[9]

Operasi Odyssey Dawn adalah kata sandi untuk partisipasi Amerika Serikat di dalam penegakan zona larangan terbang Libya[10]. Operasi militer yang dilakukan Britania Raya adalah Operasi Ellamy, Kanada melakukan Operasi MOBILE, dan Perancis melakukan Operasi Harmattan.

Pasukan yang dikerahkan

Catatan

  1. ^ USS Providence left the area some time around 27–28 March.[27]

Referensi

  1. ^ Cohen, Tom (20 March 2011). "Mullen: No-fly zone effectively in place in Libya". CNN. Diakses tanggal 20 March 2011. 
  2. ^ "Gaddafi Attacked City of Misrata; US to Bomb More , The World Reporter: News Opinion and Analysis". The World Reporter. Diakses tanggal 21 March 2011. 
  3. ^ Ackerman, Spencer (22 March 2011). "F-15 Crew Ejects Over Libya After Mechanical Failure". Danger Room, Wired.com. Condé Nast. Diakses tanggal 13 January 2013. 
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