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{{taxobox
{{taxobox
|color= rgb(144,238,144)
|color= lightgreen
| name = Allium
| name = Allium
| image = Allium sativum Woodwill 1793.jpg
| image = Allium sativum Woodwill 1793.jpg
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| image_caption = ''[[Allium sativum]]''
| image_caption = ''[[Allium sativum]]''
| authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
| authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
| regnum = [[Plantae]]
| divisio = [[Magnoliophyta]]
| classis = [[Monokotiledon|Liliopsida]]
| ordo = [[Asparagales]]
| familia = [[Alliaceae]]
| genus = ''Allium''
| type_species = ''[[Allium sativum]]''
| type_species = ''[[Allium sativum]]''
| type_species_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
| type_species_authority = [[Carolus Linnaeus|L.]]
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Many of the species of ''Allium'' have been used as food items throughout their ranges. There are several poisonous species that are somewhat similar in appearance (e.g. in North America, death camas, ''[[Toxicoscordion venenosum]]''), but none of these has the distinctive scent of onions or garlic.<ref>Peterson, R.P. 1982. A Field Guide to Edible Wild Plants: Eastern and central North America. Houghton Mifflin, Boston.</ref><ref>Gibbons, E. 1962. Stalking the wild asparagus. David McKay, New York.</ref>-->
Many of the species of ''Allium'' have been used as food items throughout their ranges. There are several poisonous species that are somewhat similar in appearance (e.g. in North America, death camas, ''[[Toxicoscordion venenosum]]''), but none of these has the distinctive scent of onions or garlic.<ref>Peterson, R.P. 1982. A Field Guide to Edible Wild Plants: Eastern and central North America. Houghton Mifflin, Boston.</ref><ref>Gibbons, E. 1962. Stalking the wild asparagus. David McKay, New York.</ref>-->
[[File:wild garlic allium ursinum arp.jpg|thumb|''[[Allium ursinum]]'' (wild garlic) in a [[Bristol]], [[England]], woodland]]
[[File:wild garlic allium ursinum arp.jpg|thumb|''[[Allium ursinum]]'' (''wild garlic''; "bawang putih liar") di daerah pepohonan di [[Bristol]], [[Inggris]].]]


==Taksonomi ==
==Taksonomi ==
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*''[[Allium campanulatum]]'' — dusky onion
*''[[Allium campanulatum]]'' — dusky onion
*''[[Allium canadense]]'' — Canadian garlic
*''[[Allium canadense]]'' — Canadian garlic
*''[[Allium cepa]]'' — [[bawang bombay]]
*''[[Allium cepa]]'' — [[bawang bombai]]
*''[[Allium cernuum]]'' — nodding onion
*''[[Allium cernuum]]'' — nodding onion
*''[[Allium chinense]]'' — Chinese onion, Chinese scallion, Japanese scallion, Oriental onion
*''[[Allium chinense]]'' — Chinese onion, Chinese scallion, Japanese scallion, Oriental onion
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*''[[Allium nigrum]]'' — black garlic
*''[[Allium nigrum]]'' — black garlic
*''[[Allium oleraceum]]'' — field garlic
*''[[Allium oleraceum]]'' — field garlic
*''[[Allium oschaninii]]'' — [[bawang merah]]/shallot
*''[[Allium oschaninii]]'' — [[bawang merah]]
*''[[Allium paradoxum]]'' — few-flowered garlic
*''[[Allium paradoxum]]'' — few-flowered garlic
*''[[Allium ramosum]]'' — fragrant garlic
*''[[Allium ramosum]]'' — fragrant garlic

Revisi per 9 Februari 2015 22.05

Spesies Allium, A. flavum di sebelah kiri

Allium adalah genus bawang yang meliputi bermacam-macam tumbuhan bunga monocotyledonous dan di dalamnya termasuk bawang merah, bawang putih, chives, scallion, bawang bombay, dan bawang prei. Nama genus Allium merupakan kata Latin untuk bawang putih;[1] Linnaeus menggunakan kata allium untuk menamai genus ini. Sejumlah sumber merujuk kepada kata Yunani αλεω (aleo; "menghindari") karena alasan bau bawang putih.[2]

Allium ursinum (wild garlic; "bawang putih liar") di daerah pepohonan di Bristol, Inggris.

Taksonomi

Taksonomi genus Allium sukar dipahami, karena memuat pemerian salah yang berkembang luas. Allium spicatum oleh banyak penulis diperlakukan sebagai Milula spicata, satu-satunya spesies dalam genus monospesifik Milula. Pada tahun 2000, dibuktikan merupakan anggota genus Allium.[3]

Spesies

Toksisitas

Anjing dan kucing sangat rentan terhadap keracunan setelah memakan spesies bawang tertentu.[2][4]

Referensi

  1. ^ Umberto Quattrocchi. 2000. CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names volume I, page 91. CRC Press: Boca Raton; New York; Washington,DC;, USA. London, UK. ISBN 978-0-8493-2673-8 (set)
  2. ^ a b Eric Block (2010). Garlic and Other Alliums: The Lore and the Science. Royal Society of Chemistry. ISBN 978-0-85404-190-9. 
  3. ^ Nikolai Friesen, Reinhard M. Fritsch, Sven Pollner and Frank R. Blattner. 2000. "Molecular and Morphological Evidence for an Origin of the Aberrant Genus Milula within Himalayan Species of Allium (Alliacae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 17(2):209-218. DOI:10.1006/mpev.2000.0844
  4. ^ Cope RB. Toxicology Brief: Allium species poisoning in dogs and cats. Vetinary Medicine 2005

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