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'''Xq28''' adalah [[pita kromosom]] dan [[penanda genetik]] yang terletak di ujung [[kromosom X]]. Pita kromosom ini telah diteliti semenjak tahun 1980<ref>{{cite journal |pmid=6930669 |year=1980 |last1=Pai |first1=GS |last2=Sprenkle |first2=JA |last3=Do |first3=TT |last4=Mareni |first4=CE |last5=Migeon |first5=BR |title=Localization of loci for hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and biochemical evidence of nonrandom X chromosome expression from studies of a human X-autosome translocation |volume=77 |issue=5 |pages=2810–3 |pmc=349494 |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |doi=10.1073/pnas.77.5.2810|bibcode = 1980PNAS...77.2810P }}</ref> dan terdiri dari tiga region berbeda dengan informasi genetik sebesar 8 [[pasangan basa|Mb]].<ref>{{cite journal |bibcode=1996PNAS...93.1298D |jstor=38791 |title=A Compositional Map of Human Chromosome Band Xq28 |author1=De Sario |first1=Albertina |last2=Geigl |first2=Eva-Maria |last3=Palmieri |first3=Giuseppe |last4=d'Urso |first4=Michele |last5=Bernardi |first5=Giorgio |volume=93 |year=1996 |pages=1298–302 |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |doi=10.1073/pnas.93.3.1298 |pmid=8577758 |issue=3 |pmc=40074}}</ref> Xq28 mengandung 12 gen dari famili [[antigen terkait melanoma]];<ref>{{cite journal |pmid=8575766 |year=1995 |last1=Rogner |first1=UC |last2=Wilke |first2=K |last3=Steck |first3=E |last4=Korn |first4=B |last5=Poustka |first5=A |title=The melanoma antigen gene (MAGE) family is clustered in the chromosomal band Xq28 |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=725–31 |doi=10.1006/geno.1995.9945 |journal=Genomics}}</ref> di antaranya [[MAGEA11]] telah diidentifikasikan sebagai koregulator [[reseptor androgen]].<ref>{{cite journal |pmid=21789088 |year=2010 |last1=Wilson |first1=EM |title=Androgen receptor molecular biology and potential targets in prostate cancer |volume=2 |issue=3 |pages=105–17 |doi=10.1177/1756287210372380 |pmc=3126091 |journal=Therapeutic advances in urology}}</ref> Duplikasi beberapa gen di Xq28, seperti [[MECP2]] dan [[IRAK1]], telah diasosiasikan dengan fenotip seperti autisme dan kegelisahan.<ref>{{cite journal |pmid=22231481 |year=2012 |last1=Samaco |first1=RC |last2=Mandel-Brehm |first2=C |last3=McGraw |first3=CM |last4=Shaw |first4=CA |last5=McGill |first5=BE |last6=Zoghbi |first6=HY |title=Crh and Oprm1 mediate anxiety-related behavior and social approach in a mouse model of MECP2 duplication syndrome |doi=10.1038/ng.1066 |journal=Nature Genetics |volume=44 |issue=2 |pages=206–11}}</ref> Penanda ini pertama kali dikenal oleh publik pada tahun 1993 setelah [[Dean Hamer]] ''et al'' menemukan keterkaitan antara penanda Xq28 dengan [[orientasi seksual|orientasi]] [[homoseksualitas|homoseksual]].<ref name=Science>{{cite journal |doi=10.1126/science.8332896 |title=A linkage between DNA markers on the X chromosome and male sexual orientation |year=1993 |last1=Hamer |first1=D. |last2=Hu |first2=S |last3=Magnuson |first3=V. |last4=Hu |first4=N |last5=Pattatucci |first5=A. |journal=Science |volume=261 |issue=5119 |pages=321–7 |pmid=8332896|bibcode = 1993Sci...261..321H }}</ref> Namun, Xq28 tidak terkait dengan orientasi sesama jenis perempuan.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1038/ng1195-248 |title=Linkage between sexual orientation and chromosome Xq28 in males but not in females |year=1995 |last1=Hu |first1=Stella |last2=Pattatucci |first2=Angela M. L. |last3=Patterson |first3=Chavis |last4=Li |first4=Lin |last5=Fulker |first5=David W. |last6=Cherny |first6=Stacey S. |last7=Kruglyak |first7=Leonid |last8=Hamer |first8=Dean H. |journal=Nature Genetics |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=248–56 |pmid=7581447}}</ref>
'''Xq28''' adalah [[pita kromosom]] dan [[penanda genetik]] yang terletak di ujung [[kromosom X]]. Pita kromosom ini telah diteliti semenjak tahun 1980<ref>{{cite journal |pmid=6930669 |year=1980 |last1=Pai |first1=GS |last2=Sprenkle |first2=JA |last3=Do |first3=TT |last4=Mareni |first4=CE |last5=Migeon |first5=BR |title=Localization of loci for hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and biochemical evidence of nonrandom X chromosome expression from studies of a human X-autosome translocation |volume=77 |issue=5 |pages=2810–3 |pmc=349494 |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |doi=10.1073/pnas.77.5.2810|bibcode = 1980PNAS...77.2810P }}</ref> dan terdiri dari tiga region berbeda dengan informasi genetik sebesar 8 [[pasangan basa|Mb]].<ref>{{cite journal |bibcode=1996PNAS...93.1298D |jstor=38791 |title=A Compositional Map of Human Chromosome Band Xq28 |author1=De Sario |first1=Albertina |last2=Geigl |first2=Eva-Maria |last3=Palmieri |first3=Giuseppe |last4=d'Urso |first4=Michele |last5=Bernardi |first5=Giorgio |volume=93 |year=1996 |pages=1298–302 |journal=Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America |doi=10.1073/pnas.93.3.1298 |pmid=8577758 |issue=3 |pmc=40074}}</ref> Xq28 mengandung 12 gen dari famili [[antigen terkait melanoma]];<ref>{{cite journal |pmid=8575766 |year=1995 |last1=Rogner |first1=UC |last2=Wilke |first2=K |last3=Steck |first3=E |last4=Korn |first4=B |last5=Poustka |first5=A |title=The melanoma antigen gene (MAGE) family is clustered in the chromosomal band Xq28 |volume=29 |issue=3 |pages=725–31 |doi=10.1006/geno.1995.9945 |journal=Genomics}}</ref> di antaranya [[MAGEA11]] telah diidentifikasikan sebagai koregulator [[reseptor androgen]].<ref>{{cite journal |pmid=21789088 |year=2010 |last1=Wilson |first1=EM |title=Androgen receptor molecular biology and potential targets in prostate cancer |volume=2 |issue=3 |pages=105–17 |doi=10.1177/1756287210372380 |pmc=3126091 |journal=Therapeutic advances in urology}}</ref> Duplikasi beberapa gen di Xq28, seperti [[MECP2]] dan [[IRAK1]], telah diasosiasikan dengan fenotip seperti autisme dan kegelisahan.<ref>{{cite journal |pmid=22231481 |year=2012 |last1=Samaco |first1=RC |last2=Mandel-Brehm |first2=C |last3=McGraw |first3=CM |last4=Shaw |first4=CA |last5=McGill |first5=BE |last6=Zoghbi |first6=HY |title=Crh and Oprm1 mediate anxiety-related behavior and social approach in a mouse model of MECP2 duplication syndrome |doi=10.1038/ng.1066 |journal=Nature Genetics |volume=44 |issue=2 |pages=206–11}}</ref> Penanda ini pertama kali dikenal oleh publik pada tahun 1993 setelah [[Dean Hamer]] ''et al'' menemukan keterkaitan antara penanda Xq28 dengan [[orientasi seksual|orientasi]] [[homoseksualitas|homoseksual]].<ref name=Science>{{cite journal |doi=10.1126/science.8332896 |title=A linkage between DNA markers on the X chromosome and male sexual orientation |year=1993 |last1=Hamer |first1=D. |last2=Hu |first2=S |last3=Magnuson |first3=V. |last4=Hu |first4=N |last5=Pattatucci |first5=A. |journal=Science |volume=261 |issue=5119 |pages=321–7 |pmid=8332896|bibcode = 1993Sci...261..321H }}</ref> Namun, Xq28 tidak terkait dengan orientasi sesama jenis perempuan.<ref>{{cite journal |doi=10.1038/ng1195-248 |title=Linkage between sexual orientation and chromosome Xq28 in males but not in females |year=1995 |last1=Hu |first1=Stella |last2=Pattatucci |first2=Angela M. L. |last3=Patterson |first3=Chavis |last4=Li |first4=Lin |last5=Fulker |first5=David W. |last6=Cherny |first6=Stacey S. |last7=Kruglyak |first7=Leonid |last8=Hamer |first8=Dean H. |journal=Nature Genetics |volume=11 |issue=3 |pages=248–56 |pmid=7581447}}</ref>


Sebuah penelitian pada November 2014 juga berhasil mereplikasi penemuan bahwa gen di Xq28 memengaruhi perkembangan orientasi seksual laki-laki. Penemuan tersebut didasarkan dari sampel darah yang diambil dari 409 pasang saudara laki-laki homoseksual dan heteroseksual (total 908 individu dari 384 keluarga).<ref name=camb20141117>{{cite journal |author=Sanders,A. R. and Martin,E. R. and Beecham,G. W. and Guo,S. and Dawood,K. and Rieger,G. and Badner,J. A. and Gershon,E. S. and Krishnappa,R. S. and Kolundzija,A. B. and Duan,J. and Gejman,P. V. and Bailey,J. M. |date=November 2014 |title=Genome-wide scan demonstrates significant linkage for male sexual orientation |url=http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0033291714002451 |journal=Psychological Medicine |volume=FirstView |pages=1-10 |doi=10.1017/S0033291714002451}}</ref><ref name=Mintz>{{cite news|last=Mintz|first=Zoe|title=Does A ‘Gay Gene’ Exist? New Study Says ‘Xq28’ May Influence Male Sexual Orientation|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/does-gay-gene-exist-new-study-says-xq28-may-influence-male-sexual-orientation-1555564|accessdate=18 February 2014|newspaper=[[International Business Times]]|date=14 February 2014}}</ref>
Sebuah penelitian pada November 2014 juga berhasil mereplikasi penemuan bahwa gen di Xq28 memengaruhi perkembangan orientasi seksual laki-laki. Penemuan tersebut didasarkan pada sampel darah yang diambil dari 409 pasang saudara laki-laki homoseksual dan heteroseksual (total 908 individu dari 384 keluarga).<ref name=camb20141117>{{cite journal |author=Sanders,A. R. and Martin,E. R. and Beecham,G. W. and Guo,S. and Dawood,K. and Rieger,G. and Badner,J. A. and Gershon,E. S. and Krishnappa,R. S. and Kolundzija,A. B. and Duan,J. and Gejman,P. V. and Bailey,J. M. |date=November 2014 |title=Genome-wide scan demonstrates significant linkage for male sexual orientation |url=http://journals.cambridge.org/article_S0033291714002451 |journal=Psychological Medicine |volume=FirstView |pages=1-10 |doi=10.1017/S0033291714002451}}</ref><ref name=Mintz>{{cite news|last=Mintz|first=Zoe|title=Does A ‘Gay Gene’ Exist? New Study Says ‘Xq28’ May Influence Male Sexual Orientation|url=http://www.ibtimes.com/does-gay-gene-exist-new-study-says-xq28-may-influence-male-sexual-orientation-1555564|accessdate=18 February 2014|newspaper=[[International Business Times]]|date=14 February 2014}}</ref>


== Referensi ==
== Referensi ==

Revisi per 14 Maret 2015 15.05

Xq28 adalah pita kromosom dan penanda genetik yang terletak di ujung kromosom X. Pita kromosom ini telah diteliti semenjak tahun 1980[1] dan terdiri dari tiga region berbeda dengan informasi genetik sebesar 8 Mb.[2] Xq28 mengandung 12 gen dari famili antigen terkait melanoma;[3] di antaranya MAGEA11 telah diidentifikasikan sebagai koregulator reseptor androgen.[4] Duplikasi beberapa gen di Xq28, seperti MECP2 dan IRAK1, telah diasosiasikan dengan fenotip seperti autisme dan kegelisahan.[5] Penanda ini pertama kali dikenal oleh publik pada tahun 1993 setelah Dean Hamer et al menemukan keterkaitan antara penanda Xq28 dengan orientasi homoseksual.[6] Namun, Xq28 tidak terkait dengan orientasi sesama jenis perempuan.[7]

Sebuah penelitian pada November 2014 juga berhasil mereplikasi penemuan bahwa gen di Xq28 memengaruhi perkembangan orientasi seksual laki-laki. Penemuan tersebut didasarkan pada sampel darah yang diambil dari 409 pasang saudara laki-laki homoseksual dan heteroseksual (total 908 individu dari 384 keluarga).[8][9]

Referensi

  1. ^ Pai, GS; Sprenkle, JA; Do, TT; Mareni, CE; Migeon, BR (1980). "Localization of loci for hypoxanthine phosphoribosyltransferase and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase and biochemical evidence of nonrandom X chromosome expression from studies of a human X-autosome translocation". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 77 (5): 2810–3. Bibcode:1980PNAS...77.2810P. doi:10.1073/pnas.77.5.2810. PMC 349494 alt=Dapat diakses gratis. PMID 6930669. 
  2. ^ De Sario, Albertina; Geigl, Eva-Maria; Palmieri, Giuseppe; d'Urso, Michele; Bernardi, Giorgio (1996). "A Compositional Map of Human Chromosome Band Xq28". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 93 (3): 1298–302. Bibcode:1996PNAS...93.1298D. doi:10.1073/pnas.93.3.1298. JSTOR 38791. PMC 40074 alt=Dapat diakses gratis. PMID 8577758. 
  3. ^ Rogner, UC; Wilke, K; Steck, E; Korn, B; Poustka, A (1995). "The melanoma antigen gene (MAGE) family is clustered in the chromosomal band Xq28". Genomics. 29 (3): 725–31. doi:10.1006/geno.1995.9945. PMID 8575766. 
  4. ^ Wilson, EM (2010). "Androgen receptor molecular biology and potential targets in prostate cancer". Therapeutic advances in urology. 2 (3): 105–17. doi:10.1177/1756287210372380. PMC 3126091 alt=Dapat diakses gratis. PMID 21789088. 
  5. ^ Samaco, RC; Mandel-Brehm, C; McGraw, CM; Shaw, CA; McGill, BE; Zoghbi, HY (2012). "Crh and Oprm1 mediate anxiety-related behavior and social approach in a mouse model of MECP2 duplication syndrome". Nature Genetics. 44 (2): 206–11. doi:10.1038/ng.1066. PMID 22231481. 
  6. ^ Hamer, D.; Hu, S; Magnuson, V.; Hu, N; Pattatucci, A. (1993). "A linkage between DNA markers on the X chromosome and male sexual orientation". Science. 261 (5119): 321–7. Bibcode:1993Sci...261..321H. doi:10.1126/science.8332896. PMID 8332896. 
  7. ^ Hu, Stella; Pattatucci, Angela M. L.; Patterson, Chavis; Li, Lin; Fulker, David W.; Cherny, Stacey S.; Kruglyak, Leonid; Hamer, Dean H. (1995). "Linkage between sexual orientation and chromosome Xq28 in males but not in females". Nature Genetics. 11 (3): 248–56. doi:10.1038/ng1195-248. PMID 7581447. 
  8. ^ Sanders,A. R. and Martin,E. R. and Beecham,G. W. and Guo,S. and Dawood,K. and Rieger,G. and Badner,J. A. and Gershon,E. S. and Krishnappa,R. S. and Kolundzija,A. B. and Duan,J. and Gejman,P. V. and Bailey,J. M. (November 2014). "Genome-wide scan demonstrates significant linkage for male sexual orientation". Psychological Medicine. FirstView: 1–10. doi:10.1017/S0033291714002451. 
  9. ^ Mintz, Zoe (14 February 2014). "Does A 'Gay Gene' Exist? New Study Says 'Xq28' May Influence Male Sexual Orientation". International Business Times. Diakses tanggal 18 February 2014. 
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