Dory

Tombak dory.

Dory (bahasa Yunani: δόρυ) adalah tombak yang digunakan oleh prajurit hoplites (infantri berat) di Yunani kuno. Istilah "dory" pertama kali muncul dalam karya Homeros dengan makna "kayu" dan "tombak". Para pahlawan dalam sajak-sajak Homeros masing-masing membawa dua buah dory.^[1]^[2] Dalam sajak Homeros dan pada periode Yunani Klasik, dory merupakan simbol kekuatan militer, bahkan barangkali lebih penting daripada pedang xiphos, seperti dapat dilihat dari ungkapan "Troya ditaklukan oleh dory"^[3] dan kata-kata seperti "doryktetos" (menang oleh dory) dan "doryalotos" (diperbudak oleh dory).^[4]

Dory memiliki panjang sekitar dua sampai tiga meter. Dory memiliki pegangan (batang) dengan diameter dua inci dan dibuat dari kayu, biasanya dari kayu cornel atau kayu abu, dengan berat 1-2 kg. Mata tombaknya berbentuk daun datar dan dibuat dari besi, dengan bagian penyeimbang berupa duri yang dibuat dari perunggu.^[5]^[6]^[7]

Catatan kaki

^ Homeros, Iliad 11,43.
^ Homeros, Od.isseia 1, 256
^ Homeros, Iliad 16,708
^ Barbantani Silvia (2007) The glory of the spear - A powerful symbol in Hellenistic poetry and art. The case of Neoptolemus "of Tlos" (and other Ptolemaic epigrams), Studi Classici e Orientali, LIII, Anno 2007 (edito nel 2010)
^ "The Dori". Spartan Weapons. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2008-05-29. Diakses tanggal 2008-04-10.
^ "Newsletter (April 2007)" (PDF). The Academy of European Swordsmanship. 3 (2): 1. 2007. Diarsipkan dari [Newsletter (April 2007) versi asli] Periksa nilai |url= (bantuan) tanggal 2008-10-07. Diakses tanggal 2011-08-05. The primary weapon of the hoplite, the dory spear was 7 to 9 feet in length, weighing 2 to 4 pounds, having a two inch diameter wooden handle, and tipped with an iron spearhead on one end and another iron tip on the other. The spearhead was often leaf-shaped, and the iron cap on the other end, called the sauroter (literally "lizard-killer") was often square in cross section, and was a counterbalance and a second deadly point on the weapon. This counterbalance function is essential, as the spear was handled with a single hand in the Greek phalanx formation.
^ Cartledge, Paul. Thermopylae: The Battle That Changed the World. New York: The Overlook Press, 2006, p. 145.

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[1] Homeros, Iliad 11,43.

[2] Homeros, Od.isseia 1, 256

[3] Homeros, Iliad 16,708

[4] Barbantani Silvia (2007) The glory of the spear - A powerful symbol in Hellenistic poetry and art. The case of Neoptolemus "of Tlos" (and other Ptolemaic epigrams), Studi Classici e Orientali, LIII, Anno 2007 (edito nel 2010)

[5] "The Dori". Spartan Weapons. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2008-05-29. Diakses tanggal 2008-04-10.

[6] "Newsletter (April 2007)" (PDF). The Academy of European Swordsmanship. 3 (2): 1. 2007. Diarsipkan dari [Newsletter (April 2007) versi asli] Periksa nilai |url= (bantuan) tanggal 2008-10-07. Diakses tanggal 2011-08-05. The primary weapon of the hoplite, the dory spear was 7 to 9 feet in length, weighing 2 to 4 pounds, having a two inch diameter wooden handle, and tipped with an iron spearhead on one end and another iron tip on the other. The spearhead was often leaf-shaped, and the iron cap on the other end, called the sauroter (literally "lizard-killer") was often square in cross section, and was a counterbalance and a second deadly point on the weapon. This counterbalance function is essential, as the spear was handled with a single hand in the Greek phalanx formation.

[7] Cartledge, Paul. Thermopylae: The Battle That Changed the World. New York: The Overlook Press, 2006, p. 145.

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