Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat 2008
Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat 2008 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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4 November 2008 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
538 suara elektoral Lembaga Pemilihan 270 suara elektoral untuk menang | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kehadiran pemilih | 61,6% (berhak memberi suara)[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kandidat | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Peta persebaran suara
Peta hasil pemilu presiden. Biru menandakan negara bagian/distrik yang dimenangkan Obama/Biden, dan Merah yang dimenangkan McCain/Palin. Nomor menandakan suara elektoral pemenang di setiap negara bagian. Obama memenangkan satu suara elektoral dari NE-02. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Pemilihan Umum presiden Amerika Serikat 2008 diselenggarakan pada tanggal 4 November 2008. Keluar sebagai pemenang dan Presiden AS ke-44 adalah Barack Obama (Demokrat). Ia mengalahkan saingan terkuatnya dari Republik, John McCain. Obama disumpah menjadi presiden pada 20 Januari 2009.
Pada pemilu ini, Presiden Bush yang telah menjabat selama dua masa jabatan tidak diijinkan untuk dipilih kembali sesuai Amandemen ke-22 pada Konstitusi AS.
Calon kandidat
Berikut adalah orang-orang yang kemungkinan mencalonkan diri menjadi presiden:
- Joe Biden
- Christopher Dodd
- John Edwards
- Mike Gravel
- Dennis Kucinich
- Tom Vilsack
- Barack Obama
- Hillary Rodham Clinton
- John H. Cox
- Michael Charles Smith
- Sam Brownback
- Jim Gilmore
- Rudy Giuliani
- Duncan Hunter
- John McCain
- Ron Paul
- Mitt Romney
- Tom Tancredo
- Tommy Thompson
Kejadian-kejadian penting
- 5 Agustus sampai 28 Agustus 2008 - Konvensi Nasional Partai Demokrat 2008.
- 1 September sampai 4 September 2008 - Konvensi Nasional Partai Republik 2008.
- 4 November 2008 - Hari pemilu, Obama dinyatakan menang atas McCain
- 15 Desember 2008 - Anggota Dewan Pemilih Amerika Serikat bertemu di masing-masing negara bagian untuk memasukkan suara mereka untuk presiden.
- 6 Januari 2009 - Suara dihitung di Kongres.
- 20 Januari 2009 - Pelantikan presiden Obama di Washington D.C.
Hasil
Popular vote totals are from the official Federal Election Commission report. Congress certified the electoral vote totals on January 8, 2009.[3]
Calon presiden | Partai | Asal | Suara rakyat | Suara elektoral |
Pasangan | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jumlah | Psn | Calon wakil presiden | Asal | Suara elekt. | ||||
Barack Obama | Democratic | Illinois | 69,498,215 | 52.93% | 365 | Joe Biden | Delaware | 365 |
John McCain | Republican | Arizona | 59,948,240 | 45.66% | 173 | Sarah Palin | Alaska | 173 |
Ralph Nader | Independent | Connecticut | 738,721 | 0.56% | 0 | Matt Gonzalez | California | 0 |
Bob Barr | Libertarian | Georgia | 523,713 | 0.40% | 0 | Wayne Allyn Root | Nevada | 0 |
Chuck Baldwin | Constitution | Florida | 199,437 | 0.15% | 0 | Darrell Castle | Tennessee | 0 |
Cynthia McKinney | Green | Georgia | 161,680 | 0.12% | 0 | Rosa Clemente | North Carolina | 0 |
Lainnya | 323,984 | 0.25% | — | Lainnya | — | |||
Total | 131,393,990 | 100% | 538 | 538 | ||||
Minimal untuk menang | 270 | 270 |
- Hasil oleh negara bagian
This table records the official final state election-board tallies for those presidential candidates who were listed on ballots in enough states to have a theoretical chance for a majority in the Electoral College. The first two columns contain the state name and its number of electors. Bold indicates statewide vote count winner in each state and winners in each electoral district of Maine and Nebraska, the only two states that apportion electoral votes by district. State popular vote results are from the official Federal Election Commission report. Four states, Georgia, Illinois, New York, and Ohio, have since amended the popular vote results. The updated Georgia results, Illinois results, New York results, and Ohio results are included here. The two rightmost columns show 1) Obama's percentage margin over McCain and 2) the percentage cast for the two major candidates combined.
States/districts won by Obama/Biden |
States/districts won by McCain/Palin |
Negara bagian | Elektoral | Pemilih Obama | % | Pemilih McCain | % | Pemilih Nader | % | PemilihBarr | % | Pemilih Baldwin | % | Pemilih McKinney | % | Pemilih lainnya | % | Obama – McCain | Obama + McCain |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama | 9 | 813,479 | 38.74 | 1,266,546 | 60.32 | 6,788 | 0.323 | 4,991 | 0.238 | 4,310 | 0.205 | 3,705 | 0.176 | −21.58 | 99.06 | ||
Alaska | 3 | 123,594 | 37.89 | 193,841 | 59.42 | 3,783 | 1.16 | 1,589 | 0.487 | 1,660 | 0.509 | 1,730 | 0.530 | −21.54 | 97.31 | ||
Arizona | 10 | 1,034,707 | 45.12 | 1,230,111 | 53.64 | 11,301 | 0.493 | 12,555 | 0.547 | 1,371 | 0.060 | 3,406 | 0.149 | 24 | 0.001 | −8.52 | 98.75 |
Arkansas | 6 | 422,310 | 38.86 | 638,017 | 58.72 | 12,882 | 1.19 | 4,776 | 0.440 | 4,023 | 0.370 | 3,470 | 0.319 | 1,139 | 0.105 | −19.85 | 97.58 |
California | 55 | 8,274,473 | 61.01 | 5,011,781 | 36.95 | 108,381 | 0.799 | 67,582 | 0.498 | 3,145 | 0.023 | 38,774 | 0.286 | 57,764 | 0.426 | 24.06 | 97.97 |
Colorado | 9 | 1,288,576 | 53.66 | 1,073,589 | 44.71 | 13,350 | 0.556 | 10,897 | 0.454 | 6,233 | 0.260 | 2,822 | 0.118 | 5,894 | 0.245 | 8.95 | 98.37 |
Connecticut | 7 | 997,772 | 60.59 | 629,428 | 38.22 | 19,162 | 1.16 | 311 | 0.019 | 90 | 0.005 | 29 | 0.002 | 22.37 | 98.81 | ||
Delaware | 3 | 255,459 | 61.94 | 152,374 | 36.95 | 2,401 | 0.582 | 1,109 | 0.269 | 626 | 0.152 | 385 | 0.093 | 58 | 0.014 | 25.00 | 98.89 |
District of Columbia | 3 | 245,800 | 92.46 | 17,367 | 6.53 | 958 | 0.360 | 590 | 0.222 | 1,138 | 0.428 | 85.92 | 98.99 | ||||
Florida | 27 | 4,282,074 | 51.03 | 4,045,624 | 48.22 | 28,124 | 0.335 | 17,218 | 0.205 | 7,915 | 0.094 | 2,887 | 0.034 | 6,902 | 0.082 | 2.82 | 99.25 |
Georgia | 15 | 1,844,123 | 46.99 | 2,048,759 | 52.20 | 1,158 | 0.030 | 28,731 | 0.732 | 1,402 | 0.036 | 250 | 0.006 | 63 | 0.002 | −5.21 | 99.19 |
Hawaii | 4 | 325,871 | 71.85 | 120,566 | 26.58 | 3,825 | 0.843 | 1,314 | 0.290 | 1,013 | 0.223 | 979 | 0.216 | 45.26 | 98.43 | ||
Idaho | 4 | 236,440 | 36.10 | 403,012 | 61.53 | 7,175 | 1.10 | 3,658 | 0.558 | 4,747 | 0.725 | −25.43 | 97.62 | ||||
Illinois | 21 | 3,419,348 | 61.92 | 2,031,179 | 36.78 | 30,948 | 0.560 | 19,642 | 0.356 | 8,256 | 0.150 | 11,838 | 0.214 | 1,160 | 0.021 | 25.14 | 98.70 |
Indiana | 11 | 1,374,039 | 49.95 | 1,345,648 | 48.91 | 909 | 0.033 | 29,257 | 1.06 | 1,024 | 0.037 | 87 | 0.003 | 90 | 0.003 | 1.03 | 98.86 |
Iowa | 7 | 828,940 | 53.93 | 682,379 | 44.39 | 8,014 | 0.521 | 4,590 | 0.299 | 4,445 | 0.289 | 1,423 | 0.093 | 7,332 | 0.477 | 9.53 | 98.32 |
Kansas | 6 | 514,765 | 41.65 | 699,655 | 56.61 | 10,527 | 0.852 | 6,706 | 0.543 | 4,148 | 0.336 | 35 | 0.003 | 36 | 0.003 | −14.96 | 98.26 |
Kentucky | 8 | 751,985 | 41.17 | 1,048,462 | 57.40 | 15,378 | 0.842 | 5,989 | 0.328 | 4,694 | 0.257 | −16.23 | 98.57 | ||||
Louisiana | 9 | 782,989 | 39.93 | 1,148,275 | 58.56 | 6,997 | 0.357 | 2,581 | 0.132 | 9,187 | 0.469 | 10,732 | 0.547 | −18.63 | 98.50 | ||
Maine | 2* | 421,923 | 57.67 | 295,273 | 40.36 | 10,636 | 1.45 | 251 | 0.034 | 177 | 0.024 | 2,900 | 0.396 | 431 | 0.059 | 17.31 | 98.03 |
ME 1st Dist. | 1 | 232,145 | 60.51 | 144,604 | 37.69 | 5,263 | 1.37 | 1,362 | 0.355 | 252 | 0.066 | 22.82 | 98.21 | ||||
ME 2nd Dist. | 1 | 189,778 | 54.61 | 150,669 | 43.35 | 5,373 | 1.55 | 1,538 | 0.443 | 179 | 0.052 | 11.25 | 97.96 | ||||
Maryland | 10 | 1,629,467 | 61.92 | 959,862 | 36.47 | 14,713 | 0.559 | 9,842 | 0.374 | 3,760 | 0.143 | 4,747 | 0.180 | 9,205 | 0.350 | 25.44 | 98.39 |
Massachusetts | 12 | 1,904,097 | 61.80 | 1,108,854 | 35.99 | 28,841 | 0.936 | 13,189 | 0.428 | 4,971 | 0.161 | 6,550 | 0.213 | 14,483 | 0.470 | 25.81 | 97.79 |
Michigan | 17 | 2,872,579 | 57.43 | 2,048,639 | 40.96 | 33,085 | 0.661 | 23,716 | 0.474 | 14,685 | 0.294 | 8,892 | 0.178 | 170 | 0.003 | 16.47 | 98.39 |
Minnesota | 10 | 1,573,354 | 54.06 | 1,275,409 | 43.82 | 30,152 | 1.04 | 9,174 | 0.315 | 6,787 | 0.233 | 5,174 | 0.178 | 10,319 | 0.355 | 10.24 | 97.88 |
Mississippi | 6 | 554,662 | 43.00 | 724,597 | 56.18 | 4,011 | 0.311 | 2,529 | 0.196 | 2,551 | 0.198 | 1,034 | 0.080 | 481 | 0.037 | −13.17 | 99.18 |
Missouri | 11 | 1,441,911 | 49.29 | 1,445,814 | 49.43 | 17,813 | 0.609 | 11,386 | 0.389 | 8,201 | 0.280 | 80 | 0.003 | −0.13 | 98.72 | ||
Montana | 3 | 231,667 | 47.25 | 242,763 | 49.52 | 3,686 | 0.752 | 1,355 | 0.276 | 143 | 0.029 | 23 | 0.005 | 10,638 | 2.17 | −2.26 | 96.77 |
Nebraska | 2* | 333,319 | 41.60 | 452,979 | 56.53 | 5,406 | 0.675 | 2,740 | 0.342 | 2,972 | 0.371 | 1,028 | 0.128 | 2,837 | 0.354 | −14.93 | 98.13 |
NE 1st Dist. | 1 | 121,468 | 44.34 | 148,179 | 54.09 | 1,970 | 0.719 | 929 | 0.339 | 1,019 | 0.372 | 393 | 0.143 | −9.75 | 98.43 | ||
NE 2nd Dist. | 1 | 138,752 | 49.96 | 135,439 | 48.76 | 1,621 | 0.584 | 1,007 | 0.363 | 604 | 0.217 | 321 | 0.116 | 1.19 | 98.72 | ||
NE 3rd Dist. | 1 | 73,099 | 29.63 | 169,361 | 68.64 | 1,815 | 0.736 | 804 | 0.326 | 1,349 | 0.547 | 314 | 0.127 | −39.01 | 98.26 | ||
Nevada | 5 | 533,736 | 55.15 | 412,827 | 42.65 | 6,150 | 0.635 | 4,263 | 0.440 | 3,194 | 0.330 | 1,411 | 0.146 | 6,267 | 0.648 | 12.49 | 97.80 |
New Hampshire | 4 | 384,826 | 54.13 | 316,534 | 44.52 | 3,503 | 0.493 | 2,217 | 0.312 | 226 | 0.032 | 40 | 0.006 | 3,624 | 0.510 | 9.61 | 98.65 |
New Jersey | 15 | 2,215,422 | 57.27 | 1,613,207 | 41.70 | 21,298 | 0.551 | 8,441 | 0.218 | 3,956 | 0.102 | 3,636 | 0.094 | 2,277 | 0.059 | 15.57 | 98.98 |
New Mexico | 5 | 472,422 | 56.91 | 346,832 | 41.78 | 5,327 | 0.642 | 2,428 | 0.292 | 1,597 | 0.192 | 1,552 | 0.187 | 15.13 | 98.69 | ||
New York | 31 | 4,804,701 | 62.88 | 2,752,728 | 36.03 | 41,249 | 0.540 | 19,595 | 0.256 | 634 | 0.008 | 12,801 | 0.168 | 8,936 | 0.117 | 26.86 | 98.91 |
North Carolina | 15 | 2,142,651 | 49.69 | 2,128,474 | 49.36 | 1,448 | 0.034 | 25,722 | 0.596 | 158 | 0.004 | 13,942 | 0.323 | 0.33 | 99.04 | ||
North Dakota | 3 | 141,278 | 44.62 | 168,601 | 53.25 | 4,189 | 1.32 | 1,354 | 0.428 | 1,199 | 0.379 | −8.63 | 97.87 | ||||
Ohio | 20 | 2,940,044 | 51.50 | 2,677,820 | 46.91 | 42,337 | 0.742 | 19,917 | 0.349 | 12,565 | 0.220 | 8,518 | 0.149 | 7,149 | 0.125 | 4.59 | 98.41 |
Oklahoma | 7 | 502,496 | 34.35 | 960,165 | 65.65 | −31.29 | 100.00 | ||||||||||
Oregon | 7 | 1,037,291 | 56.75 | 738,475 | 40.40 | 18,614 | 1.02 | 7,635 | 0.418 | 7,693 | 0.421 | 4,543 | 0.249 | 13,613 | 0.745 | 16.35 | 97.15 |
Pennsylvania | 21 | 3,276,363 | 54.64 | 2,655,885 | 44.29 | 42,977 | 0.717 | 19,912 | 0.332 | 1,092 | 0.018 | 10.35 | 98.93 | ||||
Rhode Island | 4 | 296,571 | 63.13 | 165,391 | 35.21 | 4,829 | 1.03 | 1,382 | 0.294 | 675 | 0.144 | 797 | 0.170 | 122 | 0.026 | 27.92 | 98.34 |
South Carolina | 8 | 862,449 | 44.90 | 1,034,896 | 53.87 | 5,053 | 0.263 | 7,283 | 0.379 | 6,827 | 0.355 | 4,461 | 0.232 | −8.98 | 98.77 | ||
South Dakota | 3 | 170,924 | 44.75 | 203,054 | 53.16 | 4,267 | 1.12 | 1,835 | 0.480 | 1,895 | 0.496 | −8.41 | 97.91 | ||||
Tennessee | 11 | 1,087,437 | 41.83 | 1,479,178 | 56.90 | 11,560 | 0.445 | 8,547 | 0.329 | 8,191 | 0.315 | 2,499 | 0.096 | 2,337 | 0.090 | −15.07 | 98.73 |
Texas | 34 | 3,528,633 | 43.68 | 4,479,328 | 55.45 | 5,440 | 0.067 | 56,116 | 0.695 | 5,395 | 0.067 | 831 | 0.010 | 2,781 | 0.034 | −11.77 | 99.13 |
Utah | 5 | 327,670 | 34.41 | 596,030 | 62.58 | 8,416 | 0.884 | 6,966 | 0.731 | 12,012 | 1.26 | 982 | 0.103 | 294 | 0.031 | −28.18 | 96.99 |
Vermont | 3 | 219,262 | 67.44 | 98,974 | 30.44 | 3,339 | 1.03 | 1,067 | 0.328 | 500 | 0.154 | 66 | 0.020 | 1,904 | 0.586 | 37.00 | 97.89 |
Virginia | 13 | 1,959,532 | 52.63 | 1,725,005 | 46.33 | 11,483 | 0.308 | 11,067 | 0.297 | 7,474 | 0.201 | 2,344 | 0.063 | 6,355 | 0.171 | 6.30 | 98.96 |
Washington | 11 | 1,750,848 | 57.65 | 1,229,216 | 40.48 | 29,489 | 0.971 | 12,728 | 0.419 | 9,432 | 0.311 | 3,819 | 0.126 | 1,346 | 0.044 | 17.18 | 98.13 |
West Virginia | 5 | 303,857 | 42.59 | 397,466 | 55.71 | 7,219 | 1.01 | 2,465 | 0.346 | 2,355 | 0.330 | 89 | 0.012 | −13.12 | 98.30 | ||
Wisconsin | 10 | 1,677,211 | 56.22 | 1,262,393 | 42.31 | 17,605 | 0.590 | 8,858 | 0.297 | 5,072 | 0.170 | 4,216 | 0.141 | 8,062 | 0.270 | 13.90 | 98.53 |
Wyoming | 3 | 82,868 | 32.54 | 164,958 | 64.78 | 2,525 | 0.992 | 1,594 | 0.626 | 1,192 | 0.468 | 1,521 | 0.597 | −32.24 | 97.32 | ||
U.S. Total | 538 | 69,498,215 | 52.93 | 59,948,240 | 45.66 | 738,721 | 0.563 | 523,713 | 0.399 | 199,437 | 0.152 | 161,680 | 0.123 | 226,979 | 0.173 | 7.27 | 98.59 |
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Popular vote by county. Red represents counties that went for McCain, Blue represents counties that went for Obama. Connecticut, Hawaii, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont had all counties go to Obama. Alaska and Oklahoma had all counties go to McCain.
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Presidential popular votes by county as a scale from red/Republican to blue/Democratic.
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Voting shifts per county from the 2004 to the 2008 election. Darker blue indicates the county voted more Democratic. Darker red indicates the county voted more Republican.
[[zh-yue:2008年美國總統
- ^ "2008 General Election Turnout Rates". George Mason University. 2012. Diakses tanggal October 29, 2012.
- ^ a b c d http://www.fec.gov/pubrec/fe2008/2008presgeresults.pdf
- ^ "United States House of Representatives floor summary for Jan 8, 2009". Clerk.house.gov. Diakses tanggal January 30, 2009.
- ^ http://www-personal.umich.edu/~mejn/election/2008/