Billy Graham
{{Infobox person |name = Billy Graham |image = Billy Graham bw photo, April 11, 1966.jpg |caption = Billy Graham tahun 1966. |birth name = William Franklin Graham Jr. |birth_date = 7 November 1918 |birth_place = Charlotte, North Carolina, Amerika Serikat |residence = Montreat, North Carolina, Amerika Serikat |nationality = Amerika Serikat |death_date =21 Februari 2018 (umur 99) |death_place =Montreat, North Carolina, Amerika Serikat |occupation = Penginjil |religion = Kristen |denomination = Southern Baptist |spouse =
(kematiannya)
|children = Franklin, Nelson, Virginia, Anne dan Ruth |networth = |website = BillyGraham.org |signature = Billy Graham Signature.svg anjing kucing' (7 November 1918 – 21 Februari 2018) adalah tokoh kebangunan rohani di Amerika Serikat pada abad ke-20.[1] Ia dikenal dengan nama Billy Graham.[1] Ia memiliki semangat penginjilan yang kuat. Perhatiannya terutama ditujukan kepada kaum muda yang acuh tak acuh terhadap gereja dan kekristenan.[1] Ia pun mendirikan sebuah lembaga penginjilan yang bertujuan untuk mengadakan penginjilan kepada kaum muda, khususnya kepada siswa-siswa sekolah menengah yang bernama Youth fo Christ (Pemuda bagi Kristus).[1]
Riwayat hidup
William Franklin Graham atau Billy Graham dilahirkan dalam sebuah keluarga Baptis yang saleh di Charlotte, Amerika Serikat, pada tahun 1918.[1] Sejak kecil ia telah bercita-cita untuk melayani pekerjaan Tuhan.[1] Ia tidak mempunyai latar belakang pendidikan teologi akademik. Ia hanya mengikuti kurusus teologi di Florida Bible Institute, sebuah kursus teologi fundamentalis.[1] Setelah menyelesaikan kursus teologinya, Billy menjadi pendeta Baptis Selatan (Southern Baptist Convention).[2] Tahun 1943 ia menamatkan studi sarjana mudanya pada Wheaton College dalam bidang antropologi.[3] Wheaton College mempunyai latar belakang fundamentalisme yang kuat sehingga mempengaruhi Billy Graham.[1]
Keluarga
Pada tanggal 13 Agustus 1943, Graham menikah dengan teman kuliahnya di Wheaton, Ruth Bell (1920–2007), yang orangtuanya bekerja sebagai misionaris Presbyterian di Tiongkok. Ayah Ruth, L. Nelson Bell, adalah seorang dokter ahli bedah umum.[4] Ruth Graham meninggal pada tangal 14 Juni 2007, pada usia 87 tahun. Mereka telah menikah selama 64 tahun.
Graham dan istrinya mempunyai lima orang anak:
- Virginia Leftwich Graham (lahir tahun 1945; pembicara dan pengarang inspiratif);
- Anne Graham Lotz (lahir tahun 1948; menjalankan AnGeL ministries);
- Ruth Graham (lahir tahun 1950; pendiri dan presiden "Ruth Graham & Friends", memimpin berbagai konferensi di Amerika Serikat dan Kanada);
- Franklin Graham (lahir tahun 1952), menjabat sebagai presiden dan CEO Billy Graham Evangelistic Association dan sebagai presiden dan CEO organisasi internasional bantuan sosial, Samaritan's Purse;[5];
- Nelson Edman Graham (lahir tahun 1958; pastor yang menjalankan East Gates Ministries International,[6] yang mendistribusikan literatur Kristen di Tiongkok).
Graham mempunyai 19 cucu dan sejumlah cicit. Salah satu cucunya, Tullian Tchividjian, putra dari Gigi, menjabat sebagai pastor senior di Coral Ridge Presbyterian Church, Fort Lauderdale, Florida sampai mundur dari jabatannya pada bulan Juni 2015.[7]
Tulisan
Graham menulis buku-buku berikut;[8] banyak yang menjadi "bestseller". Misalnya pada tahun 1970-an, buku "The Jesus Generation terjual 200.000 jilid dalam dua minggu setelah penerbitan; Angels: God's Secret Agents laku 1 juta jilid dalam waktu 90 hari setelah dirilis; How to Be Born Again membuat sejarah percetakan dengan cetakan pertama sebanyak 800.000 jilid."[4]
- Calling Youth to Christ (1947)
- America's Hour of Decision (1951)
- I Saw Your Sons at War (1953)
- Peace with God (1953, 1984)
- Freedom from the Seven Deadly Sins (1955)
- The Secret of Happiness (1955, 1985)
- Billy Graham Talks to Teenagers (1958)
- My Answer (1960)
- Billy Graham Answers Your Questions (1960)
- World Aflame (1965)
- The Challenge (1969)
- The Jesus Generation (1971)
- Angels: God's Secret Agents (1975, 1985)
- How to Be Born Again (1977)
- The Holy Spirit (1978)
- Evangelist to the World (1979)
- Till Armageddon (1981)
- Approaching Hoofbeats (1983)
- A Biblical Standard for Evangelists (1984)
- Unto the Hills (1986)
- Facing Death and the Life After (1987)
- Answers to Life's Problems (1988)
- Hope for the Troubled Heart (1991)
- Storm Warning (1992)
- Just As I Am: The Autobiography of Billy Graham (1997, 2007)
- Hope for Each Day (2002)
- The Key to Personal Peace (2003)
- Living in God's Love: The New York Crusade (2005)
- The Journey: How to Live by Faith in an Uncertain World (2006)
- Nearing Home: Life, Faith, and Finishing Well (2011)
- The Heaven Answer Book (2012)
- The Reason for My Hope: Salvation (2013)[9]
Penghargaan
Graham sering menerima penghargaan dari berbagai survei, termasuk "Greatest Living American" dan secara konsisten termasuk ke dalam daftar orang yang paling dikagumi di Amerika Serikat dan di dunia.[4] Paling sering muncul dalam daftar Gallup untuk orang-orang yang paling dikagumi.[10] Sejak tahun 1955, Graham telah diakui oleh Gallup dengan rekor 55 kali (49 kali berturut-turut)— lebih dari orang lain dalam sejarahnya.
Film Billy: The Early Years dirilis di gedung-gedung bioskop secara resmi pada tanggal 10 Oktober 2008, sebulan sebelum ulangtahun Graham ke-90.[11]
Penghargaan lain
- The Salvation Army's Distinguished Service Medal
- Who's Who in America annually since 1954
- Freedoms Foundation Distinguished Persons Award (numerous years)
- Gold Medal Award, National Institute of Social Science, New York, 1957
- Annual Gutenberg Award of the Chicago Bible Society, 1962
- Gold Award of the George Washington Carver Memorial Institute, 1964, for contribution to race relations, presented by Senator Javits (NY)
- Speaker of the Year Award, 1964
- American Academy of Achievement's Golden Plate Award, 1965
- Horatio Alger Award, 1965
- National Citizenship Award by the Military Chaplains Association of the U.S.A., 1965
- Wisdom Award of Honor, 1965
- The Torch of Liberty Plaque by the Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith, 1969
- George Washington Honor Medal from Freedoms Foundation of Valley Forge, Pennsylvania, for his sermon "The Violent Society," 1969 (also in 1974)
- Honored by Morality in Media for "fostering the principles of truth, taste, inspiration and love in media," 1969
- International Brotherhood Award from the National Conference of Christians and Jews, 1971
- Distinguished Service Award from the National Association of Broadcasters, 1972
- Franciscan International Award, 1972
- Sylvanus Thayer Award from United States Military Academy Association of Graduates at West Point (The most prestigious award the United States Military Academy gives to a U.S. citizen), 1972
- Direct Selling Association's Salesman of the Decade award, 1975
- Philip Award from the Association of United Methodist Evangelists, 1976
- American Jewish Committee's First National Interreligious Award, 1977
- Southern Baptist Radio and Television Commission's Distinguished Communications Medal, 1977
- Jabotinsky Centennial Medal presented by The Jabotinsky Foundation, 1980
- Religious Broadcasting Hall of Fame award, 1981
- Templeton Foundation Prize for Progress in Religion award, 1982
- Presidential Medal of Freedom, the nation's highest civilian award,1983
- National Religious Broadcasters Award of Merit, 1986
- North Carolina Award in Public Service, 1986
- Good Housekeeping Most Admired Men Poll, 1997, No. 1 for five years in a row and 16th time in top 10
- Congressional Gold Medal (along with wife Ruth), highest honor Congress can bestow on a private citizen, 1996
- Ronald Reagan Presidential Foundation Freedom Award, for monumental and lasting contributions to the cause of freedom, 2000
- Honorary Knight Commander of the Order of the British Empire (KBE) for his international contribution to civic and religious life over 60 years, 2001
- Many honorary degrees including University of Northwestern – St. Paul, Minnesota, where Graham was once president, named its newest campus building the Billy Graham Community Life Commons.[12]
Lihat pula
Referensi
- ^ a b c d e f g h (Indonesia) F.D. Wellem. 2003. Riwayat Hidup Singkat: Tokoh-tokoh dalam Sejarah Gereja. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia. Hlm. 85-86.
- ^ "Billy Graham joins FBC Spartanburg". Baptist Press. 2011-05-06. Diakses tanggal 2011-05-06.
- ^ Billy Graham and the Billy Graham Evangelistic Association - Historical Background
- ^ a b c Stoddard, Maynard Good (March 1, 1986). "Billy Graham: the world is his pulpit". Saturday Evening Post. Highbeam.com.
- ^ "Samaritan's Purse". Samaritanspurse.org. Diakses tanggal May 12, 2011.
- ^ "East Gates International". Eastgates.org. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal February 28, 2009. Diakses tanggal May 12, 2011.
- ^ Sarah Pulliam Bailey (June 21, 2015). "Billy Graham's grandson steps down from Florida megachurch after admitting an affair". Washington Post. Diakses tanggal June 23, 2015.
- ^ Graham, Billy. Just As I Am. New York: Harper Collins Worldwide, 1997. Copyright 1997 by the Billy Graham Evangelist Association.
- ^ B. Graham (2013). The Reason for Hope: Salvation. Nashville, Tennessee: W Publisher Group. ISBN 978-0-8499-4761-2.
- ^ "The Billy pulpit: Graham's career in the mainline". Christian Century. November 15, 2003. hlm. 2. Diakses tanggal August 18, 2007.
- ^ The Christian Post, Billy Graham Movie Prepares for Oct 10 Release, June 29, 2008.
- ^ "Northwestern Celebrates Billy Graham Community Life Commons Grand Opening". University of Northwestern – St. Paul website (unwsp.edu). Diakses tanggal January 2, 2014.
Pustaka tambahan
- Aikman, David (2007). Billy Graham: His Life and Influence. Nashville: Thomas Nelson. ASIN B008JM5FE2. short biography
- Himes, A. (2011). Sword of the Lord: the roots of fundamentalism in an American family Seattle: Chiara Press.
- King, Randall E. (1997). "When worlds collide: Politics, religion, and media at the 1970 East Tennessee Billy Graham crusade". Journal of Church & State. 39#2 (2): 273–95. doi:10.1093/jcs/39.2.273.
- Long, Michael G. ed. (2008). The Legacy of Billy Graham: Critical Reflections on America's Greatest Evangelist. ASIN B002LE87N0. scholarly essays
- Martin, William (2007). A Prophet with Honor: The Billy Graham Story. Grand Rapids: Zondervan. ISBN 0-310-24198-7. scholarly biography, updated from 1991 edition published by William Morrow.
- Martin, William (2013). Prophet with Honor: The Billy Graham Story. Grand Rapids: Zonderkidz. ASIN B004HOV0CW. Middle-school version.
- Miller, Steven P. (2009). Billy Graham and the Rise of the Republican South. University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 978-0-8122-4151-8.
- Pollock, John (1979). Billy Graham: Evangelist to the World. ISBN 0060666919.
- Sherwood, Timothy H. (2013). The Rhetorical Leadership of Fulton J. Sheen, Norman Vincent Peale, and Billy Graham in the Age of Extremes. Lexington Books. hlm. 1–158. ASIN B00E1CYKCC.
- Strober, Deborah Hart Strober and Gerald S. Strober (2006). Billy Graham: A Narrative and Oral Biography. Jossey-Bass. ISBN 978-0-78-79-8401-4.
- Wacker, Grant (2009). "Billy Graham's America". Church History. 78#3 (3): 489–511. doi:10.1017/S0009640709990400. scholarly overview
- Wacker, Grant (2006). America's Pastor: Billy Graham and the Shaping of a Nation. Jossey-Bass. ISBN 978-0-674-05218-5.
Pranala luar
| Cari tahu mengenai Billy Graham pada proyek-proyek Wikimedia lainnya: | |
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Gambar dan media dari Commons |
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Kutipan dari Wikiquote |
- Situs web resmi
- 1957 event in Times Square, streaming video clip
- Monroe Billington, Oral History Interview with Billy Graham, October 12, 1983, transcript, Lyndon Baines Johnson Library
- Billy Graham di TED