Allium

Allium
	Allium sativum
Klasifikasi ilmiah
Kerajaan:	Plantae
Divisi:	Magnoliophyta
Kelas:	Liliopsida
Ordo:	Asparagales
Famili:	Alliaceae
Genus:	Allium
Spesies tipe
	Allium sativum; L.

Allium adalah genus bawang yang meliputi bermacam-macam tumbuhan bunga monocotyledonous dan di dalamnya termasuk bawang merah, bawang putih, bawang kucai, bawang daun, bawang bombai, dan bawang prei. Nama genus Allium merupakan kata Latin untuk bawang putih;^[1] Linnaeus menggunakan kata allium untuk menamai genus ini. Sejumlah sumber merujuk kepada kata Yunani αλεω (aleo; "menghindari") karena alasan bau bawang putih.^[2]

Taksonomi

Taksonomi genus Allium sukar dipahami, karena memuat pemerian salah yang berkembang luas. Allium spicatum oleh banyak penulis diperlakukan sebagai Milula spicata, satu-satunya spesies dalam genus monospesifik Milula. Pada tahun 2000, dibuktikan merupakan anggota genus Allium.^[3]

Spesies

Spesies termasuk:

Allium acuminatum — tapertip onion, Hooker's onion
Allium allegheniense — Appalachian onion
Allium ampeloprasum (juga disebut Allium porrum) — bawang prei liar (berdaun lebar)
- A. ampeloprasum var. ampeloprasum — elephant garlic
- A. ampeloprasum var. kurrat — kurrat
- A. ampeloprasum var. porrum — bawang prei
Allium anceps — twinleaf onion
Allium angulosum — mouse garlic
Allium aflatunense — flowering onion
Allium atrorubens — dark red onion
Allium caeruleum — blue globe onion
Allium campanulatum — dusky onion
Allium canadense — Canadian garlic
Allium cepa — bawang bombai
Allium cernuum — nodding onion
Allium chinense — Chinese onion, Chinese scallion, Japanese scallion, Oriental onion
Allium fistulosum — Welsh onion
Allium galanthum
Allium giganteum — giant onion
Allium hollandicum — flowering onion
Allium libani — Lebanese onion
Allium neapolitanum — white garlic
Allium nevii — Nevius' garlic
Allium nigrum — black garlic
Allium oleraceum — field garlic
Allium oschaninii — bawang merah
Allium paradoxum — few-flowered garlic
Allium ramosum — fragrant garlic
Allium sativum — bawang putih
Allium schoenoprasum — chives
Allium scorodoprasum — sand leek
Allium siculum — Mediterranean bells, Sicilian honey garlic
Allium sieberianum — Schult.f.
Allium stipitatum — Persian shallot
Allium textile — prairie onion
Allium tricoccum — wild leek, ramp
Allium triquetrum — three-cornered leek, triquetous garlic
Allium tuncelianum — Tunceli garlic, Ovacik garlic
Allium tuberosum — Chinese chives
Allium ursinum — buckrams, wild garlic, broad-leaved garlic, wood garlic, bear's garlic
Allium vineale — crow garlic, wild garlic

Toksisitas

Anjing dan kucing sangat rentan terhadap keracunan setelah memakan spesies bawang tertentu.^[2]^[4]

Referensi

^ Umberto Quattrocchi. 2000. CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names volume I, page 91. CRC Press: Boca Raton; New York; Washington,DC;, USA. London, UK. ISBN 978-0-8493-2673-8 (set)
^ ^a ^b Eric Block (2010). Garlic and Other Alliums: The Lore and the Science. Royal Society of Chemistry. ISBN 978-0-85404-190-9.
^ Nikolai Friesen, Reinhard M. Fritsch, Sven Pollner and Frank R. Blattner. 2000. "Molecular and Morphological Evidence for an Origin of the Aberrant Genus Milula within Himalayan Species of Allium (Alliacae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 17(2):209-218. DOI:10.1006/mpev.2000.0844
^ Cope RB. Toxicology Brief: Allium species poisoning in dogs and cats. Vetinary Medicine 2005

Pustaka

Buku

Haim D. Rabinowitch, Lesley Currah. Allium crop science: recent advances. CABI Publishing Series, 2002. ISBN 978-0-85199-510-6
Block, E. (2010). Garlic and Other Alliums: The Lore and the Science. Royal Society of Chemistry. ISBN 978-0-85404-190-9.
Brewster, J. L. (2008). Onions and Other Alliums. CABI Publishing. ISBN 978-1-84593-399-9.
Davies, D. (1992). Alliums: The Ornamental Onions. Timber Press. ISBN 0-88192-241-2.
Rabinowitch, H. D., Currah, L. (2002). Allium Crop Sciences: Recent Advances. CABI Publishing. ISBN 0-85199-510-1.
Woodward, P. (1996). Garlic and Friends: The History, Growth and Use of Edible Alliums. Hyland House. ISBN 1-86447-009-7.

Artikel

J. G. Dubouzet, K. Shinoda and N. Murata. Phylogeny of Allium L. subgenus Rhizirideum (G. Don ex Koch) Wendelbo according to dot blot hybridization with randomly amplified DNA probes TAG Theoretical and Applied 'Genetics. Volume 95, Number 8, December, 1997
N. Friesen, R. Fritsch and K. Bachmann. Hybrid origin of some ornamentals of Allium subgenus Melanocrommyum verified with GISH and RAPD. TAG Theoretical and Applied Genetics. Volume 95, Number 8, December, 1997
A. Samoylov, N. Friesen, S. Pollner, P. Hanelt. Use of chloroplast DNA polymorphisms for the phylogenetic study of Allium subgenus Amerallium and subgenus Bromatorrhiza (Alliaceae) II. Feddes Repertorium Volume 110 Issue 1–2, Pages 103–109, 1999
Li, R. J., Z. Y. Shang, T. C. Cui, AND J. M. Xu. 1996. Studies on karyotypes and phylogenetic relationship of Allium sect. Caloscordum (Liliaceae) from China. Acta Phytotax. Sin. 34: 288–295. [In Chinese.]
Li, Q.-Q.; Zhou, S.-D.; He, X.-J.; Yu, Y.; Zhang, Y.-C.; Wei, X.-Q. (21 October 2010). "Phylogeny and biogeography of Allium (Amaryllidaceae: Allieae) based on nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer and chloroplast rps16 sequences, focusing on the inclusion of species endemic to China". Annals of Botany. 106 (5): 709–733. doi:10.1093/aob/mcq177. PMC 2958792 . Diakses tanggal 8 January 2015.
Sykorova, E.; Fajkus, J.; Meznikova, M.; Lim, K. Y.; Neplechova, K.; Blattner, F. R.; Chase, M. W.; Leitch, A. R. (1 June 2006). "Minisatellite telomeres occur in the family Alliaceae but are lost in Allium". American Journal of Botany. 93 (6): 814–823. doi:10.3732/ajb.93.6.814. Diakses tanggal 8 January 2015.
Enrico Banfi, Gabriele Galasso & Adriano Soldano. Notes on systematics and taxonomy for the Italian vascular flora. 2. Atti Soc. it. Sci. nat. Museo civ. Stor. nat. Milano, 152 (II): 85-106, Novembre 2011
ZUBAIDA YOUSAF; ZABTA KHAN SHINWARI; RIZWANA ALEEM QURESHI; MIR AJAB KHAN; SYED SHAHINSHAH GILANI (2004). "CAN COMPLEXITY OF THE GENUS ALLIUM L., BE RESOLVED THROUGH SOME NUMERICAL TECHNIQUES?" (PDF). Pak. J. Bot. 36 (3): 487–501. Diakses tanggal 28 January 2015.

Lain-lain

Pacific Bulb Society: Allium
- Pacific Bulb Society: Rhizomatous Alliums

Pranala luar

"WCSP". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. (enter "Allium" in search box).
Allium At:Index Nominum Genericorum At:References At:NMNH Department of Botany
Bloomsta.com Florist Community

[quattrocchi2000-1] Umberto Quattrocchi. 2000. CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names volume I, page 91. CRC Press: Boca Raton; New York; Washington,DC;, USA. London, UK. ISBN 978-0-8493-2673-8 (set)

[Block2010-2] Eric Block (2010). Garlic and Other Alliums: The Lore and the Science. Royal Society of Chemistry. ISBN 978-0-85404-190-9.

[friesen2000-3] Nikolai Friesen, Reinhard M. Fritsch, Sven Pollner and Frank R. Blattner. 2000. "Molecular and Morphological Evidence for an Origin of the Aberrant Genus Milula within Himalayan Species of Allium (Alliacae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 17(2):209-218. DOI:10.1006/mpev.2000.0844

[4] Cope RB. Toxicology Brief: Allium species poisoning in dogs and cats. Vetinary Medicine 2005

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