Auteur
Auteur (bahasa Prancis: [o.tœʁ]) adalah seorang artis tunggal yang mengendalikan seluruh aspek karya kreatif kolaboratif, orang yang setara dengan pengarang novel atau drama.[1] Istilah tersebut umumnya merujuk kepada pembuat film atau sutradara dengan tanggung jawab gaya atau penyajian tematik.[2]
Auteurisme bermula dalam kritikan film Prancis pada akhir 1940an sebagai sistem nilai[3] yang berasal dari teori-teori sinematik André Bazin dan Alexandre Astruc—dijuluki teori auteur oleh kritikus film Amerika Andrew Sarris.[4] Kritikus-kritikus semacam itu menemukan konsep tersebut sebagai cara dari para pembuat film Arus Baru Prancis dari sutradara-sutradara sistem studio yang menjadi bagian dari pendirian Hollywood.[1] Teori auteur telah diterapkan pada para produser musik populer serta sutradara permainan video.
Film
Referensi
- ^ a b Santas 2002, hlm. 18.
- ^ Min, Joo & Kwak 2003, hlm. 85.
- ^ Caughie 2013, hlm. 22–34, 62–66.
- ^ The Editors of Encyclopædia Britannica (n.d.). "Auteur theory". Encyclopædia Britannica.
Daftar pustaka
- Bannister, Matthew (2007). White Boys, White Noise: Masculinities and 1980s Indie Guitar Rock. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. ISBN 978-0-7546-8803-7.
- Bloem, Walter Julius (1924). The Soul of the Moving Picture. E.P. Dutton.
- Caughie, John (2013). Theories of Authorship. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-136-10268-4.
- Cogan, Jim; Clark, William (2003). Temples of Sound: Inside the Great Recording Studios. Chronicle Books. ISBN 978-0-8118-3394-3.
- Edmondson, Jacqueline, ed. (2013). "Producers". Music in American Life: An Encyclopedia of the Songs, Styles, Stars, and Stories that Shaped our Culture [4 volumes]: An Encyclopedia of the Songs, Styles, Stars, and Stories That Shaped Our Culture. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0-313-39348-8.
- Eisenberg, Evan (2005). The Recording Angel: Music, Records and Culture from Aristotle to Zappa. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-09904-1.
- Kipen, David (2006). The Schreiber Theory: A Radical Rewrite of American Film History. Melville House Pub. ISBN 978-0-9766583-3-7.
- Miller, Jim (1992). "The Beach Boys". Dalam DeCurtis, Anthony; Henke, James; George-Warren, Holly. The Rolling Stone Illustrated History of Rock & Roll: The Definitive History of the Most Important Artists and Their Music. New York: Random House. ISBN 9780679737285.
- Min, Eungjun; Joo, Jinsook; Kwak, Han Ju (2003). Korean Film: History, Resistance, and Democratic Imagination. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-275-95811-4.
- Sadoul, Georges; Morris, Peter (1972). Dictionary of Film Makers. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-02151-8.
- Thompson, Kristin; Bordwell, David (2010). Film History: An Introduction. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. ISBN 978-0-07-126794-6.
- Kamina, Pascal (2002). Film Copyright in the European Union. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-139-43338-9.
- Santas, Constantine (2002). Responding to Film: A Text Guide for Students of Cinema Art. Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-0-8304-1580-9.
- Williams, Richard (2003). Phil Spector: Out of His Head. Music Sales Group. ISBN 978-0-7119-9864-3.
- Willis, Paul E. (2014). Profane Culture. Princeton University Press. ISBN 978-1-4008-6514-7.
Bacaan tambahan
- Ashby, Arved, ed. (2013). Popular Music and the New Auteur: Visionary Filmmakers After MTV. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-982734-3.
- Diver, Mike (October 8, 2014). "The Return of the Video Game Auteur". Vice.
- Maule, Rosanna (2008). Beyond Auteurism: New Directions in Authorial Film Practices in France, Italy and Spain Since the 1980s. Intellect Books. ISBN 978-1-84150-204-5.
- Shuker, Roy (2013). "Auteurs, Stars, and Music History". Understanding Popular Music. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-134-56479-8.
Pranala luar
