Charaka Samhita

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Charaka Samhita (IAST: Caraka-Saṃhitā, “Ringkasan Charaka”) adalah sebuah teks Sanskerta tentang Ayurweda (pengobatan tradisional India).^[1]^[2] Bersama dengan Sushruta Samhita, karya tersebut adalah salah satu dari dua teks fundasional dari bidang tersebut yang masih ada dari zaman India kuno.^[3]^[4]^[5] Karya tersebut adalah salah satu dari tiga karya yang memuat Brhat Trayi.

Teks pra-abad ke-2 Masehi tersebut terdiri dari delapan kitab dan seratus dua puluh pasal.^[6]^[7] Karya tersebut menjabarkan teori-teori kuno tentang raga manusia, etiologi, gejala dan terapi untuk sejumlah besar penyakit.^[8] Charaka Samhita juga berisi tentang pengaruh gaya makan, higenitas, pencegahan, pendidikan pengobatan dan kerja kelompok tabib, perawat dan pasien yang perlu menyembuhkan kesehatannya.^[9]^[10]^[11]

Referensi

^ Meulenbeld, G. J. A History of Indian Medical Literature (Groningen, 1999-2002), vol. IA, pp. 7-180. OCLC 165833440.
^ Valiathan, M. S. (2003) The Legacy of Caraka Orient Longman ISBN 81-250-2505-7 reviewed in Current Science, Vol.85 No.7 Oct 2003, Indian Academy of Sciences seen at [1] June 1, 2006
^ E. Schultheisz (1981), History of Physiology, Pergamon Press, ISBN 978-0080273426, page 60-61, Quote: "(...) the Caraka Samhita and the Susruta Samhita, both being recensions of two ancient traditions of the Hindu medicine".
^ Wendy Doniger (2014), On Hinduism, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0199360079, page 79, Quote: A basic assumption of Hindu medical texts like the Caraka Samhita (composed sometime between 100 BCE and 100 CE) is the doctrine of the three (...);
Sarah Boslaugh (2007), Encyclopedia of Epidemiology, Volume 1, SAGE Publications, ISBN 978-1412928168, page 547, Quote: "The Hindu text known as Sushruta Samhita (600 AD) is possibly the earliest effort to classify diseases and injuries"
^ Thomas Banchoff (2009), Religious pluralism, globalization, and world politics, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0195323412, page 284, Quote: An early Hindu text, the Caraka Samhita, vividly describes the beginning of life (...)
^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama pmid21927226
^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama meulenbeldhimlc10
^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Glucklichtsov141
^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Svoboda1992
^ Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama valiathan1186
^ F.A. Hassler, Caraka Samhita, Science, Vol. 22, No. 545, pages 17-18

Daftar pustaka

Ācārya, Yādava Trivikrama (ed.) Maharṣiṇā Punarvasunopadiṣṭā, tacchiṣyeṇĀgniveśena praṇītā, CarakaDṛḍhabalābhyāṃ pratisaṃskṛtā Carakasaṃhitā, śrīCakrapāṇidattaviracitayā Āyurvedadīpikāvyākhyayā saṃvalitā Nirnaya Sagara Press, 1941. The best current edition of the Sanskrit text. Often reprinted. Online machine-readable transcription available at SARIT.info
Engler, Steven (2003). "" Science" vs." Religion" in Classical Ayurveda". Numen. 50 (4): 416–463. doi:10.1163/156852703322446679. hdl:11205/105 .
Kaviratna, Avinash C.; Sharma, P. (1913). The Charaka Samhita 5 Vols. Sri Satguru Publications. ISBN 978-81-7030-471-5.
Menon, I A and H F Haberman, Dermatological writings of ancient India Medical History. 1969 October; 13(4): 387–392. seen at The Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine at University College London [2] June 1, 2006
Muniyal Ayurveda, Manipal, Sacitra Caraka Samhita - Volume 1, published by Muniyal Institute of Ayurveda Medical Sciences, Manipal. 2005 [3]
Meulenbeld, G. J. A History of Indian Medical Literature (Groningen, 1999–2002), vol. IA, pp. 7–180, gives a detailed survey of the contents of the Carakasaṃhitā and a comprehensive discussion of all historical matters related to the text, its commentators, and its later history in the Islamic world and in Tibet.
Meulenbeld, Gerrit Jan (1999). A History of Indian Medical Literature: Text. Forsten. ISBN 978-90-6980-124-7.
Sharma, P. V. Caraka-Saṃhitā: Agniveśa's Treatise Refined and annotated by Caraka and Redacted by Dṛḍhabala (text with English translation) Chaukhambha Prakashan, 1981–1994. The best modern English translation of the whole text. Volume 4 gives summaries of the commentary of Chakrapani Datta.
Ray, Priyadaranjan; Gupta, Hirendra Nath; Roy, Mira (1980). Suśruta Saṃhita (a Scientific Synopsis). New Delhi: INSA.
Sharma, R. K. & Bhagwan Dash, V. Agniveśa's Caraka Saṃhitā (Text with English Translation & Critical Exposition Based on Cakrapāṇi Datta's Āyurveda Dīpikā) Chowkhamba Sanskrit Series Office, 1976–2002. Another good English translation of the whole text, with paraphrases of the commentary of Chakrapani Datta.
Wujastyk, Dominik, The Roots of Ayurveda (Penguin Classics, 3rd edition, 2003), pp. 1–50 gives an introduction to the Carakasaṃhitā and a modern translation of selected passages.

Pranala luar

The Charaka Samhita Full English translation by Gulabkunverba , 1949 (includes glossary)
Charak Samhita New Edition Charak Samhita Research, Training and Skill Development Centre, India
Charak Samhita New Edition Diarsipkan 2020-03-02 di Wayback Machine.,
English translation of Charaka Samhita, Hathi Trust Archives, 5 Volumes
Charaka Samhita - a scientific synopsis archived version Ray and Gupta, National Institute of Sciences, India
Charak Samhita Original Sanskrit Text with commnetary
Carakasaṃhitā (Sanskrit, IAST-Translit), SARIT Initiative, The British Association for South Asian Studies and The British Academy
Philosophy and Medicine in Early Classical India III, Department of South Asian, Tibetan and Buddhist Studies, University of Vienna
Devendranath Sen Gupta; Upendranath Sen Gupta, ed. (1897). The Charaka-Samhita by Mahamuni Agnibesha, Revised by Maharshi Charaka (dalam bahasa Sanskerta). Dhanvantari Machine Press, Calcutta.
Kenneth G. Zysk; Tsutomu Yamashita (2018). "Jajjaṭa's Nirantarapadavyākhyā and Other Commentaries on the Carakasaṃhitā". eJournal of Indian Medicine. 10: 1–113. doi:10.21827/5c3f01174756c . A critical edition and English translation of the oldest commentary on Charaka Samhita.

[1] Meulenbeld, G. J. A History of Indian Medical Literature (Groningen, 1999-2002), vol. IA, pp. 7-180. OCLC 165833440.

[2] Valiathan, M. S. (2003) The Legacy of Caraka Orient Longman ISBN 81-250-2505-7 reviewed in Current Science, Vol.85 No.7 Oct 2003, Indian Academy of Sciences seen at [1] June 1, 2006

[3] E. Schultheisz (1981), History of Physiology, Pergamon Press, ISBN 978-0080273426, page 60-61, Quote: "(...) the Caraka Samhita and the Susruta Samhita, both being recensions of two ancient traditions of the Hindu medicine".

[4] Wendy Doniger (2014), On Hinduism, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0199360079, page 79, Quote: A basic assumption of Hindu medical texts like the Caraka Samhita (composed sometime between 100 BCE and 100 CE) is the doctrine of the three (...);
Sarah Boslaugh (2007), Encyclopedia of Epidemiology, Volume 1, SAGE Publications, ISBN 978-1412928168, page 547, Quote: "The Hindu text known as Sushruta Samhita (600 AD) is possibly the earliest effort to classify diseases and injuries"

[5] Thomas Banchoff (2009), Religious pluralism, globalization, and world politics, Oxford University Press, ISBN 978-0195323412, page 284, Quote: An early Hindu text, the Caraka Samhita, vividly describes the beginning of life (...)

[pmid21927226-6] Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama pmid21927226

[meulenbeldhimlc10-7] Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama meulenbeldhimlc10

[Glucklichtsov141-8] Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Glucklichtsov141

[Svoboda1992-9] Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama Svoboda1992

[valiathan1186-10] Kesalahan pengutipan: Tag <ref> tidak sah; tidak ditemukan teks untuk ref bernama valiathan1186

[11] F.A. Hassler, Caraka Samhita, Science, Vol. 22, No. 545, pages 17-18

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