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Halaman ini terakhir disunting oleh Faldi00 (kontribusi | log) pada 15:13, 19 Agustus 2024 (UTC) (17 detik lalu)
Ubaidillah (Abdullah) bin Ahmad bin Isa Ar-Rumi bin Muhammad An-Naqib was an influential Islamic scholar and spiritual figure, particularly known for his role in the propagation of Islam in the Hadhramaut region of Yemen and for his significant contributions to Islamic scholarship and Sufism. His legacy has had a profound impact on Islamic practices and beliefs, especially in Southeast Asia.
Early Life and Ancestry
Ubaidillah was born in the 10th century CE in Basra, Iraq. He hailed from a prominent family of Sayyids, who were direct descendants of the Prophet Muhammad. His great-grandfather, Muhammad An-Naqib, was a respected Islamic scholar. Ubaidillah's father, Ahmad bin Isa, known as Al-Muhajir (the Emigrant), migrated from Iraq to Hadhramaut in Yemen to escape the political unrest and preserve the family's commitment to Islamic scholarship.
Migration to Hadhramaut
The migration of Ahmad bin Isa to Hadhramaut was a pivotal moment for the family, marking the beginning of their influence in the region. Ubaidillah accompanied his father during this migration, and they settled in the town of Tarim. In Hadhramaut, Ubaidillah emerged as a key figure in the establishment of Islamic scholarship and spirituality, following in his father's footsteps by teaching and mentoring future generations of Islamic scholars.
Contributions to Islamic Scholarship
Ubaidillah is credited with laying the foundations for the Ba'Alawi Sufi order, which became one of the most influential Sufi traditions in the Islamic world. His teachings emphasized the importance of adhering to Sharia (Islamic law) while also engaging in spiritual practices that purify the soul and foster a deep connection with God. The Ba'Alawi order, named after his descendant Alawi bin Ubaidillah, played a significant role in the spiritual life of the Muslim communities in Hadhramaut and beyond.
Role in the Spread of Islam in Southeast Asia
Ubaidillah's descendants, known as the Alawi Sayyids, were instrumental in spreading Islam to Southeast Asia. They traveled extensively across the Indian Ocean, reaching regions such as Indonesia and Malaysia. Their peaceful and integrative approach to spreading Islam resonated with the local populations, leading to the establishment of a strong Muslim presence in these areas. The Alawi Sayyids' emphasis on personal piety, moral integrity, and social justice became a hallmark of the Islamic tradition in Southeast Asia.
Legacy
Ubaidillah's legacy is enduring, with his descendants continuing to play a vital role in Islamic scholarship and spirituality. The Ba'Alawi Sufi order remains influential, with centers of learning in Hadhramaut, Southeast Asia, and beyond. Ubaidillah is revered as a pivotal figure in the history of Islam, particularly in Southeast Asia, where many Muslims trace their spiritual lineage to him.
His teachings and spiritual practices continue to inspire Muslims around the world, and his life serves as a testament to the lasting impact of faith, scholarship, and spiritual dedication in the Islamic tradition.
References
- Al-Attas, Syed Muhammad Naquib. Islam in the Malay History and Culture. Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society, 1972.
- Al-Jifri, Ali Zain Al-Abidin. The Sacred Journey: The Life and Teachings of Ubaidillah bin Ahmad bin Isa Al-Muhajir. Dar Al-Minhaj, 2005.
- Al-Haddad, Habib Abdullah bin Alawi. The Lives of Man: A Guide to the Human States: Before Life, In the World, and After Death. Fons Vitae, 1991.
- Bujra, Abdallah Saleh Farsy. Islam and its Impact on Southeast Asia. The Islamic Foundation, 1983.
- Jamalullail, Sayed Idrus Alwi. The Ba'Alawi: A Sufi Order in the Modern World. Dar Al-Hawi, 2010.
- Al-Habshi, Muhammad bin Hasan. The Spread of Islam in the Indian Ocean Basin: The Role of the Sayyids of Hadhramaut. Institute of Islamic Studies, 1989.
- Al-Kattani, Abdulqadir. The Chains of Transmission: An In-Depth Study of the Ba’Alawi Lineage. Dar Al-Tawhid, 1995.