Daftar kepala negara Libya: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Berikut adalah daftar '''[[Kepala Negara|kepala negara]] [[Libya]] ''' sejak kemerdekaan pada tahun 1951. |
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{{Split|King of Libya|List of heads of state of Libya|part=yes|discuss=Talk:List of heads of state of Libya#Article split|date=August 2011}} |
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{{Infobox official post |
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Halaman ini mendaftarkan '''[[Kepala Negara|kepala negara]] [[Libya ]]''' sejak kemerdekaan pada tahun 1951. |
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| post = Ketua Dewan Kepresidenan Negara Libya |
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| body = |
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| native_name = {{lang|ar|رئيس المجلس الرئاسي دولة ليبيا}} |
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| insignia = Seal of the Government of National Unity (Libya).svg |
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| insigniasize = 75px |
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| insigniacaption = Stempel Pemerintah Persatuan Nasional |
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| flag = |
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| flagsize = |
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| flagborder = |
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| flagcaption = |
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| image = File:Mohamed al-Menfi Summit of NAM Contact Group on fight against COVID-19 73 (cropped).jpg |
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| imagesize = 165px |
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| alt = |
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| incumbent = [[Mohamed al-Menfi]] |
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| acting = |
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| incumbentsince = 15 March 2021 |
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| department = [[Pemerintah Persatuan Nasional (Libya)|Pemerintah Persatuan Nasional]] |
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| style = Pak Ketua<br/> [[Yang Mulia]] |
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| type = |
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| status = [[Kepala Negara]] |
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| abbreviation = |
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| member_of = [[Dewan Kepresidenan (Libya)|Dewan Kepresidenan]] |
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| reports_to = |
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| residence = |
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| seat = [[Tripoli,|Tripoli]], [[Libya]] |
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| nominator = |
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| appointer = |
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| appointer_qualified = |
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| termlength = |
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| termlength_qualified = |
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| constituting_instrument = |
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| precursor = |
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| formation = |
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| first = |
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| last = |
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| abolished = |
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| succession = |
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| unofficial_names = |
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| deputy = Wakil Ketua Dewan Presiden |
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| salary = |
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| website = |
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}} |
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[[Libya]] berada dalam keadaan kacau sejak dimulainya Krisis Libya terkait [[Musim Semi Arab]] pada tahun 2011; krisis mengakibatkan runtuhnya [[Jamahiriyah Arab Libya]] dan [[Pembunuhan Muammar Khadafi|pembunuhan]] [[Muammar Khadafi]], di tengah [[Perang Saudara Libya Pertama|Perang Saudara Pertama]] dan [[Intervensi militer 2011 di Libya|intervensi militer asing]].<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20210210-libya-mired-in-chaos-10-years-after-arab-spring|url-status=live|title=Libya mired in chaos 10 years after Arab Spring|publisher=[[France 24]]|others=[[Agence France-Presse]]|date=10 February 2021|access-date=14 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.france24.com/en/live-news/20211019-10-years-since-kadhafi-death-stability-still-eludes-libya|url-status=live|title=10 years since Kadhafi death, stability still eludes Libya|publisher=[[France 24]]|others=[[Agence France-Presse]]|date=19 October 2021|access-date=14 February 2022}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.xinhuanet.com/english/2021-05/07/c_139928992.htm|title=Feature: Libyans struggling in poverty, chaos 10 years after NATO intervention|work=[[Xinhua News Agency]]|date=7 May 2021|access-date=14 February 2022}}</ref> Krisis ini diperdalam oleh kekerasan faksi [[Setelah Perang Saudara Pertama Libya|setelah Perang Saudara Pertama]], yang mengakibatkan pecahnya [[perang Saudara Libya Kedua|Perang Saudara Kedua]] pada tahun 2014.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.conflict-news.com/libyas-second-civil-war-how-did-it-come-to-this/ |title=Libya's Second Civil War: How did it come to this? |work=Conflict News |access-date=22 March 2015 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150320232806/http://www.conflict-news.com/libyas-second-civil-war-how-did-it-come-to-this/ |archive-date=20 March 2015}}<br />{{cite web|url=http://news.nationalpost.com/2015/02/24/national-post-view-stabilizing-libya-may-be-the-best-way-to-keep-europe-safe/|title=National Post View: Stabilizing Libya may be the best way to keep Europe safe|author=National Post View|date=24 February 2015|work=National Post|access-date=22 March 2015}}</ref> Kontrol atas negara saat ini terbagi antara itu [[Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (Libya)|Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat]] (HoR) di Tobruk dan [[Pemerintah Persatuan Nasional]] (GNU) di [[Tripoli]] dan pendukungnya masing-masing, serta berbagai kelompok [[Jihadisme|jihadis]] dan elemen suku yang menguasai bagian-bagian negara.<ref>{{cite magazine|url=http://www.nybooks.com/articles/archives/2015/feb/19/libya-against-itself/|magazine=The New York Review of Books|title=Libya Against Itself|first=Nicolas|last=Pelham|date=February 2015|access-date=18 February 2015}}</ref><ref>Fadel, L. [https://www.npr.org/blogs/parallels/2014/08/26/343444450/libyas-crisis-a-shattered-airport-two-parliaments-many-factions "Libya's Crisis: A Shattered Airport, Two Parliaments, Many Factions".] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150426075812/http://www.npr.org/blogs/parallels/2014/08/26/343444450/libyas-crisis-a-shattered-airport-two-parliaments-many-factions |date=2015-04-26 }}</ref> |
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== Kepala Negara Libya (1951-Sekarang) == |
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{| class="wikitable" |
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==Kepala Negara Libya (1951–sekarang)== |
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|- align=left |
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! width="18%"|Periode Jabatan |
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{| class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:100%" |
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! width=60|Potret |
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! width="55%"|Pejabat |
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! width="10%"|[[Afiliasi]] |
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! width="15%"|Catatan |
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|- valign=top |
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|colspan="5"|'''[[Kerajaan Libya]]''' |
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|- valign=top |
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|colspan="5"|المملكة الليبية (''Al-Mamlakat al-Lībiyya'') |
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|- valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec" |
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|<small>24 Desember 1951 - 1 September 1969||[[File:IdrisI3.jpg|60px]]||'''[[Idris I dari Libya|Idris]]''', <small>Raja||<small>||<small>Digulingkan dalam kudeta tahun 1969 |
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|- valign=top |
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|colspan="5"|'''[[Sejarah Libya di bawah Muammar Gaddafi|Republik Arab Libya]]''' |
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|- valign=top |
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|colspan="5"| الجمهورية العربية الليبية (''Al-Jumhuriyya al-`Arabiyyah al-Lībiyya'') |
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|- valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec" |
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|<small>1 September 1969 - ''2 Maret 1977''||[[File:Muammar al-Gaddafi at the AU summit.jpg|60px]]||'''[[Muammar Gaddafi|<small>Kolonel </small>'''Muammar al-Gaddafi''']]''', <small>Ketua [[Dewan Komando Revolusi Libya]]||<small>Mil/ASU||<small> |
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|- valign=top |
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|colspan="5"|'''[[Sejarah Libya di bawah Muammar Gaddafi|Jamahiriya Rakyat Arab Sosialis Libya]]''' |
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|- valign=top |
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|colspan="5"|الجماهيرية العربية الليبية الشعبية الاشتراكية (''Al-Jamāhīriyya al-`Arabiyya al-Lībiyya aš-Ša'biyya al-Ištirākiyya'') |
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|- valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec" |
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|<small>''2 Maret 1977'' - ''2 Maret 1979''||rowspan=2|[[File:Muammar al-Gaddafi at the AU summit.jpg|60px]]||'''[[Muammar Gaddafi|<small>Kolonel </small>'''Muammar al-Gaddafi''']]''', <small>Ketua [[Dewan Komando Revolusi Libya]]||rowspan=2|<small>Mil/n-p||<small> |
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|- valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec" |
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|<small>''2 Maret 1979'' to ''April 1986''||'''[[Muammar Gaddafi|<small>Kolonel </small>'''Muammar al-Gaddafi''']]''', <small>Saudara Pemimpin dan Penuntun Revolusi||<small> |
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|- valign=top |
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|colspan="5"|'''[[Sejarah Libya di bawah Muammar Gaddafi|Jamahiriya Rakyat Arab Sosialis Agung Libya]]''' |
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|- valign=top |
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|colspan="5"|الجماهيرية العربية الليبية الشعبية الإشتراكية العظمى (''Al-Jamāhīriyya al-`Arabiyya al-Lībiyya aš-Ša'biyya al-Ištirākiyya al-`Uẓmā'') |
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|- valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec" |
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|<small>''April 1986'' - 23 Agustus 2011<ref name="gaddafi">From yielding his formal offices in 1979 until his overthrow in 2011, Gaddafi had continued to exercise ultimate authority in Libya as "''Brother Leader and Guide of the Revolution''."{{Citation needed|date=April 2011}}</ref>||[[File:Muammar al-Gaddafi at the AU summit.jpg|60px]]||'''[[Muammar Gaddafi|<small>Kolonel </small>'''Muammar al-Gaddafi''']]''', <small>Saudara Pemimpin dan Penuntun Revolusi||<small>Mil/n-p||<small>Digulingkan pada [[:en:Battle of Tripoli (2011)|Pertempuran Tripoli]] pada 23 Agustus 2011. |
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|- valign=top |
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|colspan="5"|'''[[Libya|Republik Libya]]''' |
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|- valign=top |
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|colspan="5"|الجمهورية الليبية (''al-Jumhūriyya al-Lībiyya'') |
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|- valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec" |
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|<small>5 Maret 2011 - ||||'''[[Mustafa Abdul Jalil]]''', <small>Ketua [[Dewan Transisi Nasional]]<ref>[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Libya.htm World Statesmen{{ndash}} Libya]</ref>||<small>n-p||<small>Pemimpin pemerintahan sementara Libya |
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|- |
|- |
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! colspan=9| |
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|} |
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===[[Kerajaan Libya]] (1951–1969)=== |
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=== Sekretaris Jenderal Kongres Rakyat Umum (nominal kepala negara Libya, 1977–2011) === |
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|- |
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[[Kongres Rakyat Umum (Libya)|Umum Kongres Rakyat]] terdiri dari pimpinan Sekretaris Jenderal, [[legislatif]] [[Libya]], dan otoritas eksekutif puncak. Mereka mendelegasikan otoritas eksekutif untuk [[Komite Umum Rakyat Libya|Komite Umum Rakyat]] dan Sekretaris atau Perdana Menteri. Selain memimpin Kongres Rakyat Umum, Sekretaris Jenderal juga bersifat ''de jure'' sebagai kepala negara Libya. |
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! rowspan="2" colspan="2" width="1%" | {{Abbr|No.|Number}} |
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! rowspan="2" width="20%" | Nama |
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! rowspan="2" width="100px" | Foto |
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! rowspan="2" width="20%" | Masa hidup |
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! colspan="3" width="20%" | Berkuasa |
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! rowspan="2" width="20%" | Dinasti |
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|- |
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! Pemerintahan dimulai |
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! Akhir pemerintahan |
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! Durasi |
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|- style="background:#EEEEEE" |
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! colspan="2" rowspan="2" | 1 |
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| rowspan="2" | '''[[Idris dari Libya|Idris I]]''' |
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| rowspan="2" | [[File:King Idris I of Libya.png|100px]] |
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| rowspan="2" | 1889–1983 |
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| 24 Desember 1951 |
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| 1 September 1969 |
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| {{Age in years and days|1951|12|24|1969|9|1}} |
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| [[Senusiyyah|Senussi]] |
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|- |
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| colspan="4" align=left| {{small|Raja Libya pertama dan satu-satunya. Digulingkan dalam [[kudeta Libya 1969|kudeta 1969]].}}<ref>{{cite web|agency=AP|website=[[The New York Times]]|title=KING IDRIS, OUSTED IN '69 BY QADDAFI, DIES IN CAIRO|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1983/05/26/obituaries/king-idris-ousted-in-69-by-qaddafi-dies-in-cairo.html|date=26 May 1983|access-date=28 December 2021}}</ref> |
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|- |
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! colspan=9| |
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===[[Sejarah Libya di bawah Muammar Khadafi|Libya dibawah pemerintahan Khadafi]] (1969–2011)=== |
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{| class="wikitable" |
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|- align=left |
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====[[Republik Arab Libya]] (1969–1977)==== |
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! width="18%"|Periode Jabatan |
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! width=60|Potret |
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! width="55%"|Pejabat |
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! width="10%"|[[Afiliasi]] |
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! width="15%"|Catatan |
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|- valign=top |
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|colspan="5"|'''[[Sejarah Libya di bawah Muammar Gaddafi|Jamahiriya Rakyat Arab Sosialis Libya]]''' |
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|- valign=top |
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|colspan="5"|الجماهيرية العربية الليبية الشعبية الاشتراكية (''Al-Jamāhīriyya al-`Arabiyya al-Lībiyya aš-Ša'biyya al-Ištirākiyya'') |
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|- valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec" |
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|<small>2 Maret 1977 - 2 Maret 1979||[[File:Muammar al-Gaddafi at the AU summit.jpg|60px]]||'''[[Muammar Gaddafi|<small>Kolonel </small>'''Muammar al-Gaddafi''']]''', <small>Sekretaris Jenderal Kongres Umum Rakyat||<small>n-p||<small> |
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|- valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec" |
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|<small>2 Maret 1979 - 7 Januari 1981|| ||'''[[Abdul Ati al-Obeidi]]''', <small>Sekretaris Jenderal Kongres Umum Rakyat||<small>n-p||<small> |
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|- valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec" |
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|<small>7 Januari 1981 - 2 Februari 1984|| ||'''[[Muhammad az-Zaruq Rajab]]''', <small>Sekretaris Jenderal Kongres Umum Rakyat||<small>n-p||<small> |
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|- valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec" |
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|<small>15 Februari 1984 - ''April 1986''|| ||'''[[Mifta al-Usta Umar]]''', <small>Sekretaris Jenderal Kongres Umum Rakyat||<small>n-p||<small> |
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|- valign=top |
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|colspan="5"|'''[[Sejarah Libya di bawah Muammar Gaddafi|Jamahiriya Rakyat Arab Sosialis Agung Libya]]''' |
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|- valign=top |
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|colspan="5"|الجماهيرية العربية الليبية الشعبية الإشتراكية العظمى (''Al-Jamāhīriyya al-`Arabiyya al-Lībiyya aš-Ša'biyya al-Ištirākiyya al-`Uẓmā'') |
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|- valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec" |
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|<small>''April 1986'' - 7 Oktober 1990|| ||'''[[Mifta al-Usta Umar]]''', <small>Sekretaris Jenderal Kongres Umum Rakyat||<small>n-p||<small> |
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|- valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec" |
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|<small>7 Oktober 1990 - 18 November 1992|| ||'''[[Abdul Razzaq as-Sawsa]]''', <small>Sekretaris Jenderal Kongres Umum Rakyat||<small>n-p||<small> |
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|- valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec" |
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|<small>18 November 1992 - 3 Maret 2008||[[File:Shikh azanati.JPG|60px]]||'''[[Muhammad az-Zanati]]''', <small>Sekretaris Jenderal Kongres Umum Rakyat||<small>n-p||<small> |
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|- valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec" |
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|<small>3 Maret 2008 - 5 Maret 2009|| ||'''[[Miftah Muhammed K'eba]]''', <small>Sekretaris Jenderal Kongres Umum Rakyat||<small>n-p||<small> |
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|- valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec" |
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|<small>5 Maret 2009 - 26 Januari 2010|| ||'''[[Imbarek Shamekh]]''', <small>Sekretaris Jenderal Kongres Umum Rakyat||<small>n-p||<small> |
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|- valign=top bgcolor="#ffffec" |
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|<small>26 Januari 2010 - 23 Agustus 2011|| ||'''[[Mohamed Abu Al-Quasim al-Zwai]]''', <small>Sekretaris Jenderal Kongres Umum Rakyat||<small>n-p||<small>Diperebutkan sejak 5 Maret 2011 |
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|- |
|- |
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! rowspan="2" colspan="2" width="1%" | {{Abbr|No.|Number}} |
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|} |
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! rowspan="2" width="20%" | Nama |
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! rowspan="2" width="100px" | Foto |
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! rowspan="2" width="20%" | Masa hidup |
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! colspan="3" width="20%" | Masa jabatan |
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! rowspan="2" width="20%" | Afiliasi politik |
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|- |
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! Mulai menjabat |
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! Akhir jabatan |
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! Masa jabatan |
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|- style="background:#EEEEEE" |
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! rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Uni Sosialis Arab (Libya)}}" | |
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! rowspan="2" | 2 |
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| rowspan="2" | '''[[Muammar Khadafi]]''' |
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| rowspan="2" | [[Berkas:Muammar al-Gaddafi, 12th AU Summit, 090202-N-0506A-534 cropped.jpg|100px]] |
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| rowspan="2" | 1942–[[Pembunuhan Muammar Khadafi|2011]] |
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| 1 September 1969 |
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| 2 Maret 1977 |
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| {{Age in years and days|1969|9|1|1977|3|2}} |
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| [[Angkatan Bersenjata Jamahiriyah Arab Libya|Militer]] / <br /> [[Uni Sosialis Arab (Libya)|Uni Sosialis Arab]] |
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|- |
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| colspan="4" align=left| {{small|Ketua [[Dewan Komando Revolusi Libya|Dewan Komando Revolusi]] (RCC). Khadafi membubarkan RCC pada tanggal 2 Maret 1977, setelah [[Kongres Rakyat Umum (Libya)|Kongres Umum Rakyat]] (GPC) mengadopsi [[Deklarasi tentang Pendirian Otoritas Rakyat]].}}<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/1977/03/04/archives/libya-reorganizes-government-alters-its-title-to-public.html|title=Libya Reorganizes Government|date=4 March 1977|work=[[The New York Times]]|access-date=28 December 2021}}</ref> |
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|- |
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! colspan=9| |
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====[[Jamahiriyah Arab Libya]] (1977–2011)==== |
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== Afiliasi == |
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|- style="background:#EEEEEE" |
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! rowspan="2" style="background:green" | |
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! rowspan="2" | {{small|(2)}} |
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| rowspan="2" | '''[[Muammar Khadafi]]''' |
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| rowspan="2" | [[Berkas:Muammar al-Gaddafi, 12th AU Summit, 090202-N-0506A-534 cropped.jpg|100px]] |
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| rowspan="2" | 1942–[[Pembunuhan Muammar Khadafi|2011]] |
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| 2 Maret 1977 |
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| 2 Maret 1979 |
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| {{Age in years|1977|3|2|1979|3|2}} tahun |
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| [[Angkatan Bersenjata Jamahiriyah Arab Libya|Militer]] / <br /> [[Politisi independen|Independen]]<br/>{{nowrap|{{small|([[Sosialisme Islam#Khadafisme|Sosialisme Islam]])}}}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| colspan="4" align=left| {{small|Sekretaris Jenderal GPC. Khadafi meninggalkan semua fungsi pemerintahan pada 2 Maret 1979. Namun, sebagai pemimpin revolusi (secara resmi "[[Pemimpin Persaudaraan dan Pemandu Revolusi]]"), dia mempertahankan kendali penuh atas Libya sampai dia digulingkan dan [[pembunuhan Muammar Khadafi|dibunuh]] selama [[Perang Saudara Libya Pertama|Perang Saudara Pertama]] pada tahun 2011.}}<ref name="telegraph_gaddafi">{{cite news|last=Wynne-Jones|first=Jonathan|title=Libyan minister claims Gaddafi is powerless and the ceasefire is 'solid'|url=https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/africaandindianocean/libya/8393285/Libyan-minister-claims-Gaddafi-is-powerless-and-the-ceasefire-is-solid.html|work=The Daily Telegraph |access-date=22 October 2011|date=19 March 2011|location=London}}</ref><ref name="jazeera_gaddafi">{{cite web|title=Gaddafi: Libya dignity under attack|url=http://www.aljazeera.com/news/africa/2011/03/201132113120236750.html|publisher=[[Al Jazeera]]|access-date=22 October 2011|date=2 March 2011|quote=Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi has said that he is not a president and so cannot resign his position, and that power is in the hands of the people, during a televised public rally in the capital, Tripoli.}}</ref><ref name="nyt_gaddafi">{{cite web|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2011/10/21/world/africa/qaddafi-killed-as-hometown-falls-to-libyan-rebels.html|title=An Erratic Leader, Brutal and Defiant to the End|date=20 October 2011|work=[[The New York Times]]|author=[[Neil MacFarquhar]]|access-date=28 December 2021}}</ref> |
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! width="7%"| |
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|- style="background:#EEEEEE" |
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! width="60%"| |
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! rowspan="2" style="background:green" | |
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|- valign=top align=left |
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! rowspan="2" | 3 |
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|<small>'''ASU'''||<small>'''[[Uni Sosialis Arab (Libya)|Uni Sosialis Arab]]'''<br> ''partai pemerintah beraliran [[Gamal Abdel Nasser|Nasseris]], sentris, satu-satunya partai legal periode 1971-1977'' |
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| rowspan="2" | '''[[Abdul Ati al-Obeidi]]''' |
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|- valign=top align=left |
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| rowspan="2" | [[File:Abdul Ati al-Obeidi (cropped).jpg|100px]] |
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|<small>'''Mil'''||<small>[[Militer Libya|Militer]] |
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| rowspan="2" | lahir 1939 |
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|- valign=top align=left |
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| 2 Maret 1979 |
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|<small>'''n-p'''||<small>non-partai |
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| 7 Januari 1981 |
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| {{Age in years and days|1979|3|2|1981|1|7}} |
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| [[Politisi independen|Independen]]<br/> {{nowrap|{{small|([[sosialisme Islam#Gaddafisme|sosialis Islam]])}}}} |
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|- |
|- |
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| colspan="4" align=left| {{small|Sekretaris Jenderal GPC. Sebelumnya menjabat sebagai [[Daftar kepala pemerintahan Libya|Sekretaris Jenderal Komite Rakyat Umum (Perdana Menteri)]], dari tahun 1977 hingga 1979.}} |
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| colspan=2 align=right | <small class="editlink noprint plainlinksneverexpand">[{{SERVER}}{{localurl:Template:Political Affiliations: Libya|action=edit}} edit]</small> |
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|- style="background:#EEEEEE" |
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! rowspan="2" style="background:green" | |
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! rowspan="2" | 4 |
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| rowspan="2" | '''[[Muhammad az-Zaruq Rajab]]''' |
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| rowspan="2" | [[File:No image.svg|100px]] |
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| rowspan="2" | lahir 1940 |
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| 7 Januari 1981 |
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| 15 Februari 1984 |
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| {{Age in years and days|1981|1|7|1984|2|15}} |
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| [[Politisi independen|Independen]]<br/>{{nowrap|{{small|([[Sosialisme Islam#Khadafisme|Sosialisme Islam]])}}}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="4" align=left| {{small|Sekretaris Jenderal GPC. Setelah itu menjabat sebagai [[Daftar kepala pemerintahan Libya|Sekretaris Jenderal Komite Rakyat Umum (Perdana Menteri)]], dari tahun 1984 hingga 1986.}} |
|||
|- style="background:#EEEEEE" |
|||
! rowspan="2" style="background:green" | |
|||
! rowspan="2" | 5 |
|||
| rowspan="2" | '''[[Mifta al-Usta Umar]]''' |
|||
| rowspan="2" | [[File:No image.svg|100px]] |
|||
| rowspan="2" | 1935–2010 |
|||
| 15 Februari 1984 |
|||
| 7 Oktober 1990 |
|||
| {{Age in years and days|1984|2|15|1990|10|7}} |
|||
| [[Politisi independen|Independen]]<br/>{{nowrap|{{small|([[Sosialisme Islam#Khadafisme|Sosialisme Islam]])}}}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="4" align=left| {{small|Sekretaris Jenderal GPC. Disajikan pada saat [[Pemboman Amerika Serikat 1986 di Libya|Pengeboman Amerika Serikat 1986 (''Operasi El Dorado Canyon'')]].}} |
|||
|- style="background:#EEEEEE" |
|||
! rowspan="2" style="background:green" | |
|||
! rowspan="2" | 6 |
|||
| rowspan="2" | '''[[Abdul Razzaq as-Sawsa]]''' |
|||
| rowspan="2" | [[File:No image.svg|100px]] |
|||
| rowspan="2" | 1933–2016 |
|||
| 7 Oktober 1990 |
|||
| 18 Januari 1992 |
|||
| {{Age in years and days|1990|10|7|1992|1|18}} |
|||
| [[Politisi independen|Independen]]<br/>{{nowrap|{{small|([[Sosialisme Islam#Khadafisme|Sosialisme Islam]])}}}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="4" align=left| {{small|Sekretaris Jenderal GPC.}} |
|||
|- style="background:#EEEEEE" |
|||
! rowspan="2" style="background:green" | |
|||
! rowspan="2" | 7 |
|||
| rowspan="2" | '''[[Muhammad az-Zanati]]''' |
|||
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Shikh azanati.JPG|100px]] |
|||
| rowspan="2" | lahir 1944 |
|||
| 18 Januari 1992 |
|||
| 3 Maret 2008 |
|||
| {{Age in years and days|1992|1|18|2008|3|3}} |
|||
| [[Politisi independen|Independen]]<br/>{{nowrap|{{small|([[Sosialisme Islam#Khadafisme|Sosialisme Islam]])}}}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="4" align=left| {{small|Sekretaris Jenderal GPC.}} |
|||
|- style="background:#EEEEEE" |
|||
! rowspan="2" style="background:green" | |
|||
! rowspan="2" | 8 |
|||
| rowspan="2" | '''[[Miftah Muhammed K'eba]]''' |
|||
| rowspan="2" | [[File:No image.svg|100px]] |
|||
| rowspan="2" | lahir 1947 |
|||
| 3 Maret 2008 |
|||
| 5 Maret 2009 |
|||
| {{Age in years and days|2008|3|3|2009|3|5}} |
|||
| [[Politisi independen|Independen]]<br/>{{nowrap|{{small|([[Sosialisme Islam#Khadafisme|Sosialisme Islam]])}}}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="4" align=left| {{small|Sekretaris Jenderal GPC.}} |
|||
|- style="background:#EEEEEE" |
|||
! rowspan="2" style="background:green" | |
|||
! rowspan="2" | 9 |
|||
| rowspan="2" | '''[[Imbarek Shamekh]]''' |
|||
| rowspan="2" | [[File:No image.svg|100px]] |
|||
| rowspan="2" | lahir 1952 |
|||
| 5 Maret 2009<ref>{{cite news|title=Limited Reshuffle in GP Congress, GP Committee|url=http://www.tripolipost.com/articledetail.asp?c=1&i=2919|access-date=1 January 2021|work=The Tripoli Post|date=6 March 2009|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150404003506/http://www.tripolipost.com/articledetail.asp?c=1&i=2919|archive-date=4 April 2015}}</ref> |
|||
| 26 Januari 2010 |
|||
| {{Age in years and days|2009|3|5|2010|1|26}} |
|||
| [[Politisi independen|Independen]]<br/>{{nowrap|{{small|([[Sosialisme Islam#Khadafisme|Sosialisme Islam]])}}}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="4" align=left| {{small|Sekretaris Jenderal GPC. Sebelumnya menjabat sebagai [[Daftar kepala pemerintahan Libya|Sekretaris Jenderal Komite Rakyat Umum (Perdana Menteri)]], dari tahun 2000 hingga 2003.}} |
|||
|- style="background:#EEEEEE" |
|||
! rowspan="2" style="background:green" | |
|||
! rowspan="2" | 10 |
|||
| rowspan="2" | '''[[Mohamed Abu al-Qasim al-Zwai]]''' |
|||
| rowspan="2" | [[File:No image.svg|100px]] |
|||
| rowspan="2" | born 1952 |
|||
| 26 Januari 2010<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.afran.ir/en/modules/news/article.php?storyid=2630|title=Friend of Gaddafi named to head Libyan parliament|work=afran.ir|date=27 January 2010|access-date=1 January 2021}}</ref> |
|||
| 23 Agustus 2011 |
|||
| {{Age in years and days|2010|1|26|2011|8|23}} |
|||
| [[Politisi independen|Independen]]<br/>{{nowrap|{{small|([[Sosialisme Islam#Khadafisme|Sosialisme Islam]])}}}} |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="4" align=left| {{small|Sekretaris Jenderal GPC. Disajikan pada saat [[Perang Saudara Libya Pertama|Perang Saudara Pertama]] dan bersamaan [[intervensi militer 2011 di Libya|intervensi militer asing]]. Digulingkan selama [[Pertempuran Tripoli (2011)|Pertempuran Tripoli]].}} |
|||
|- |
|||
! colspan=9| |
|||
===[[Sejarah Libya#Transisi dan Perang Saudara Kedua|Masa transisi]] (2011–sekarang)=== |
|||
|- style="background:#EEEEEE" |
|||
! rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Politisi independen}}" | |
|||
! rowspan="2" | 11 |
|||
| rowspan="2" | '''[[Mustafa Abdul Jalil]]''' |
|||
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Mustafa Abdul Jalil (5713061984).jpg|100px]] |
|||
| rowspan="2" | lahir 1952 |
|||
| 5 Maret 2011 |
|||
| 8 Agustus 2012 |
|||
| {{Age in years and days|2011|3|5|2012|8|8}} |
|||
| [[Politisi independen|Independen]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="4" align=left| {{small|Ketua [[Dewan Transisi Nasional]] (NTC). Pemberontakan hingga 23 Agustus 2011, berbasis di [[Benghazi]] selama periode ini.}} |
|||
|- style="background:#EEEEEE" |
|||
! rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Politisi independen}}" | |
|||
! rowspan="2" | — |
|||
| rowspan="2" | '''[[Mohammed Ali Salim]]''' |
|||
| rowspan="2" | [[File:No image.svg|100px]] |
|||
| rowspan="2" | lahir 1935 |
|||
| 8 August 2012 |
|||
| 9 August 2012 |
|||
| {{Age in years and days|2012|8|8|2012|8|9}} |
|||
| [[Politisi independen|Independen]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="4" align=left| {{small|Penjabat Presiden [[Kongres Nasional Umum]] (GNC). Kepala negara simbolis untuk penyerahan kekuasaan dari NTC.}} |
|||
|- style="background:#EEEEEE" |
|||
! rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Partai Front Nasional (Libya)}}" | |
|||
! rowspan="2" | 12 |
|||
| rowspan="2" | '''[[Mohammed Magariaf]]''' |
|||
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Megariaf cropped GNC.jpg|100px]] |
|||
| rowspan="2" | lahir 1940 |
|||
| 9 Agustus 2012 |
|||
| 28 Mei 2013 |
|||
| {{Age in years and days|2012|8|9|2013|5|28}} |
|||
| [[Partai Front Nasional (Libya)|Partai Front Nasional]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="4" align=left| {{small|Presiden GNC. Mengundurkan diri untuk mematuhi [[Lustration|Political Isolation Law]] yang disahkan oleh GNC pada 14 Mei 2013.}} |
|||
|- style="background:#EEEEEE" |
|||
! rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Politisi independen}}" | |
|||
! rowspan="2" | — |
|||
| rowspan="2" | '''[[Giuma Ahmed Atigha]]''' |
|||
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Giuma Ahmed Atigha (cropped).JPG|100px]] |
|||
| rowspan="2" | lahir 1950 |
|||
| 28 Mei 2013 |
|||
| 25 Juni 2013 |
|||
| {{Age in years and days|2013|5|28|2013|6|25}} |
|||
| [[Politisi independen|Independen]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="4" align=left| {{small|Penjabat Presiden GNC.}} |
|||
|- style="background:#EEEEEE" |
|||
! rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Politisi independen}}" | |
|||
! rowspan="2" | 13 |
|||
| rowspan="2" | '''[[Nouri Abusahmain]]''' |
|||
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Nouri Abusahmain cropped.jpg|100px]] |
|||
| rowspan="2" | lahir 1956 |
|||
| 25 Juni 2013 |
|||
| 5 April 2016 |
|||
| {{Age in years and days|2013|6|25|2016|4|5}} |
|||
| [[Politisi independen|Independen]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="4" align=left| {{small|Presiden GNC. Pemberontakan, berbasis di [[Tripoli]]. Diakui secara internasional hingga 4 Agustus 2014.}} |
|||
|- |
|||
! colspan=9| |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="9"| {{small|Menyusul [[Pemilihan parlemen Libya 2014]], pemerintah terpecah antara [[Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (Libya)|Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat]] (HoR) yang baru terpilih dan GNC keluar, menghasilkan [[Perang Saudara Libya Kedua|Perang Saudara Kedua]]. Pemilu 2014 dinyatakan tidak sah oleh [[Dewan Yudisial Agung Libya|Mahkamah Agung]] pada November 2014.<ref name="Afer">{{cite news|url=https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-29933121|title=Libya court 'invalidates' parliament|work=BBC News |date=6 November 2014|via=BBC|access-date=21 June 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180708225838/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-africa-29933121|archive-date=8 July 2018|url-status=live}}</ref>}} |
|||
|- |
|||
! colspan=9| |
|||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#EEEEEE" |
|||
! rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Politisi independen}}" | |
|||
! rowspan="2" | — |
|||
| rowspan="2" | '''[[Abu Bakr Baira]]''' |
|||
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Abubakr Buera Ban Ki-Moon (cropped).JPG|100px]] |
|||
| rowspan="2" | lahir 1941 |
|||
| 4 Agustus 2014 |
|||
| 5 Agustus 2014 |
|||
| {{Age in years and days|2014|8|4|2014|8|5}} |
|||
| [[Politisi independen|Independen]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="4" align=left| {{small|Penjabat Presiden [[Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (Libya)|Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat]] (HoR). Kepala negara simbolis untuk penyerahan kekuasaan dari GNC.}} |
|||
|- style="background:#EEEEEE" |
|||
! rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Politisi independen}}" | |
|||
! rowspan="2" | 14 |
|||
| rowspan="2" | '''[[Aguila Saleh Issa]]''' |
|||
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Aguila Salah Issa - 2020 (cropped).jpg|100px]] |
|||
| rowspan="2" | lahir 1944 |
|||
| 5 Agustus 2014 |
|||
| 15 Maret 2021 |
|||
| {{Age in years and days|2014|8|5|2021|3|15}} |
|||
| [[Politisi independen|Independen]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="4" align=left| {{small|Presiden DPR. Dalam pemberontakan, berbasis di [[Tobruk]]. Diakui secara internasional hingga 12 Maret 2016.}} |
|||
|- |
|||
! colspan=9| |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="9"| {{small|Menyusul peresmian [[Dewan Kepresidenan (Libya)|Dewan Kepresidenan]] dan [[Pemerintahan Kesepakatan Nasional]] (GNA), pemerintah tetap terpecah antara HoR dan [[Pemerintahan Penyelamatan Nasional]] (NSG) , diciptakan kembali setelah [[Bentrokan Libya Barat (2016–2018)|upaya kudeta tahun 2016]]. Setelah itu, Dewan Tinggi Revolusi dibentuk juga. Namun, [[Dewan Tinggi Negara (Libya)|Dewan Tinggi Negara]] (HCS), yang berbasis di Tripoli, mengakui GNA.}} |
|||
|- |
|||
! colspan=9| |
|||
|- |
|||
|- style="background:#EEEEEE" |
|||
! rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Politisi independen}}" | |
|||
! rowspan="2" | 15 |
|||
| rowspan="2" | '''[[Fayez al-Sarraj]]''' |
|||
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Fayez al-Sarraj in Washington - 2017 (38751877521) (cropped).jpg|100px]] |
|||
| rowspan="2" | lahir 1960 |
|||
| 30 Maret 2016 |
|||
| 15 Maret 2021 |
|||
| {{Age in years and days|2016|3|30|2021|3|15}} |
|||
| [[Politisi independen|Independen]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="4" align=left| {{small|Ketua [[Dewan Kepresidenan (Libya)|Dewan Kepresidenan]]. Sekaligus menjabat sebagai [[Daftar kepala pemerintahan Libya|Perdana Menteri]] [[Pemerintah Kesepakatan Nasional]] (GNA). Diakui secara internasional, berbasis di Tripoli.}} |
|||
|- style="background:#EEEEEE" |
|||
! rowspan="2" style="background:{{party color|Politisi independen}}" | |
|||
! rowspan="2" | 16 |
|||
| rowspan="2" | '''[[Mohamed al-Menfi]]''' |
|||
| rowspan="2" | [[File:Mohamed al-Menfi Summit of NAM Contact Group on fight against COVID-19 73 (cropped).jpg|100px]] |
|||
| rowspan="2" | lahir 1976 |
|||
| 15 Maret 2021 |
|||
| ''[[Petahana]]'' |
|||
| {{Age in years and days|2021|3|15}} |
|||
| [[Politisi independen|Independen]] |
|||
|- |
|||
| colspan="4" align=left| {{small|Ketua Dewan Kepresidenan. Diakui secara internasional, berbasis di Tripoli.}} |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
== |
==Lini masa== |
||
{{#tag:timeline|ImageSize=width:900 height:auto barincrement:21 |
|||
<references/> |
|||
PlotArea = top:10 bottom:80 right:150 left:20 |
|||
AlignBars = late |
|||
Define $today = {{#time:d/m/Y}} |
|||
== Lihat juga == |
|||
*[[Daftar Kepala Pemerintahan Libya]] |
|||
Colors = |
|||
== Referensi == |
|||
id:independent value:rgb(0.710,0.710,0.710) legend:None_(Independent) |
|||
*[http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Libya.htm World Statesmen{{ndash}} Libya] |
|||
id:military value:rgb(0.76,0.69,0.57) legend:Militer |
|||
id:senussi value:rgb(0,0,0) legend:Dinasti_Senussi |
|||
id:asu value:rgb(0.94,0,0.11) legend:Uni_Sosialis_Arab |
|||
id:jamahiriya value:rgb(0,0.52,0.26) legend:Jamahiriyah |
|||
id:nfp value:rgb(0.65,0.74,0.39) legend:Partai_Front_Nasional |
|||
id:alwafaa value:rgb(0.1,0.3,0.91) legend:Al-Wafaa |
|||
id:gray1 value:gray(0.85) |
|||
id:gray2 value:gray(0.95) |
|||
DateFormat = dd/mm/yyyy |
|||
Period = from:01/01/1950 till:$today |
|||
TimeAxis = orientation:horizontal |
|||
ScaleMajor = gridcolor:gray1 unit:year increment:5 start:1950 |
|||
ScaleMinor = gridcolor:gray2 unit:year increment:1 start:1951 |
|||
Legend = columns:1 left:150 top:35 columnwidth:170 |
|||
TextData = |
|||
pos:(20,38) textcolor:black fontsize:M |
|||
text:"Afiliasi politik:" |
|||
BarData = |
|||
bar:Idris |
|||
bar:RCC |
|||
bar:Khadafi |
|||
bar:al-Obeidi |
|||
bar:Rajab |
|||
bar:Umar |
|||
bar:as-Sawsa |
|||
bar:az-Zanati |
|||
bar:K'eba |
|||
bar:Shamekh |
|||
bar:al-Zwai |
|||
bar:Jalil |
|||
bar:Salim |
|||
bar:Magariaf |
|||
bar:Atigha |
|||
bar:Abusahmain |
|||
bar:Baira |
|||
bar:Issa |
|||
bar:al-Sarraj |
|||
bar:al-Menfi |
|||
PlotData = |
|||
width:5 align:left fontsize:9 shift:(5,-4) anchor:till |
|||
bar:Idris |
|||
from: 24/12/1951 till: 01/09/1969 color:senussi text:"[[Idris I dari Libya|Idris I]]" |
|||
bar:RCC |
|||
from: 01/09/1969 till: 02/03/1977 color:military text:"[[Dewan Komando Revolusi Libya|Dewan Komando Revolusi]]" |
|||
bar:Khadafi |
|||
from: 01/09/1969 till: 11/06/1971 color:military |
|||
from: 11/06/1971 till: 02/03/1977 color:asu |
|||
from: 02/03/1977 till: 20/10/2011 color:jamahiriya text:"[[Muammar Khadafi]]" |
|||
bar:al-Obeidi |
|||
from: 02/03/1979 till: 07/01/1981 color:jamahiriya text:"[[Abdul Ati al-Obeidi]]" |
|||
bar:Rajab |
|||
from: 07/01/1981 till: 15/02/1984 color:jamahiriya text:"[[Muhammad az-Zaruq Rajab]]" |
|||
bar:Umar |
|||
from: 15/02/1984 till: 07/10/1990 color:jamahiriya text:"[[Mifta al-Usta Umar]]" |
|||
bar:as-Sawsa |
|||
from: 07/10/1990 till: 18/01/1992 color:jamahiriya text:"[[Abdul Razzaq as-Sawsa]]" |
|||
bar:az-Zanati |
|||
from: 18/01/1992 till: 03/03/2008 color:jamahiriya text:"[[Muhammad az-Zanati]]" |
|||
bar:K'eba |
|||
from: 03/03/2008 till: 05/03/2009 color:jamahiriya text:"[[Miftah Muhammed K'eba]]" |
|||
bar:Shamekh |
|||
from: 05/03/2009 till: 26/01/2010 color:jamahiriya text:"[[Imbarek Shamekh]]" |
|||
bar:al-Zwai |
|||
from: 26/01/2010 till: 23/08/2011 color:jamahiriya text:"[[Mohamed Abu al-Qasim al-Zwai]]" |
|||
bar:Jalil |
|||
from: 05/03/2011 till: 08/08/2012 color:independent text:"[[Mustafa Abdul Jalil]]" |
|||
bar:Salim |
|||
from: 08/08/2012 till: 09/08/2012 color:independent text:"[[Mohammed Ali Salim]] (acting)" |
|||
bar:Magariaf |
|||
from: 09/08/2012 till: 28/05/2013 color:nfp text:"[[Mohammed Magariaf]]" |
|||
bar:Atigha |
|||
from: 28/05/2013 till: 25/06/2013 color:independent text:"[[Giuma Ahmed Atigha]] (acting)" |
|||
bar:Abusahmain |
|||
from: 25/06/2013 till: 05/04/2016 color:alwafaa text:"[[Nouri Abusahmain]]" |
|||
bar:Baira |
|||
from: 04/08/2014 till: 05/08/2014 color:independent text:"[[Abu Bakr Baira]] (acting)" |
|||
bar:Issa |
|||
from: 05/08/2014 till: 15/03/2021 color:independent text:"[[Aguila Saleh Issa]]" |
|||
bar:al-Sarraj |
|||
from: 30/03/2016 till: 15/03/2021 color:independent text:"[[Fayez al-Sarraj]]" |
|||
bar:al-Menfi |
|||
from: 15/03/2021 till: $today color:independent text:"[[Mohamed al-Menfi]]" |
|||
}} |
|||
== Catatan == |
|||
<references/> |
|||
== Pranala luar == |
|||
[[Kategori:Daftar Kepala Negara|Libya]] |
|||
* [http://www.worldstatesmen.org/Libya.htm World Statesmen{{ndash}} Libya] |
|||
[[Kategori:Kepala Negara Libya]] |
|||
[[Kategori:Politik Libya]] |
|||
[[Kategori:Daftar Terkait Libya]] |
|||
[[Kategori:Daftar presiden|Libya]] |
|||
[[ar:ملحق:قائمة زعماء ليبيا]] |
|||
[[Kategori:Presiden Libya]] |
|||
[[cs:Seznam představitelů Libye]] |
|||
[[Kategori:Daftar politisi Libya]] |
|||
[[de:Liste der Staatsoberhäupter von Libyen]] |
|||
[[en:List of heads of state of Libya]] |
|||
[[et:Liibüa riigipeade loend]] |
|||
[[fr:Chefs d'État libyens]] |
|||
[[it:Capi di Stato della Libia]] |
|||
[[ko:리비아의 국가 원수]] |
|||
[[lv:Lībijas valsts vadītāji]] |
|||
[[ms:Daftar ketua negara Libya]] |
|||
[[nl:Lijst van staatshoofden van Libië]] |
|||
[[pl:Przywódcy Libii]] |
|||
[[ru:Список глав государства Ливии]] |
|||
[[sv:Lista över Libyens statsöverhuvuden]] |
|||
[[zh:利比亞國家元首列表]] |
|||
Revisi terkini sejak 15 Oktober 2023 11.23
Berikut adalah daftar kepala negara Libya sejak kemerdekaan pada tahun 1951.
| Ketua Dewan Kepresidenan Negara Libya | |
|---|---|
.svg) Stempel Pemerintah Persatuan Nasional | |
| Pemerintah Persatuan Nasional | |
| Gelar | Pak Ketua Yang Mulia |
| Status | Kepala Negara |
| Anggota | Dewan Kepresidenan |
| Kantor | Tripoli, Libya |
| Wakil | Wakil Ketua Dewan Presiden |
Libya berada dalam keadaan kacau sejak dimulainya Krisis Libya terkait Musim Semi Arab pada tahun 2011; krisis mengakibatkan runtuhnya Jamahiriyah Arab Libya dan pembunuhan Muammar Khadafi, di tengah Perang Saudara Pertama dan intervensi militer asing.[1][2][3] Krisis ini diperdalam oleh kekerasan faksi setelah Perang Saudara Pertama, yang mengakibatkan pecahnya Perang Saudara Kedua pada tahun 2014.[4] Kontrol atas negara saat ini terbagi antara itu Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (HoR) di Tobruk dan Pemerintah Persatuan Nasional (GNU) di Tripoli dan pendukungnya masing-masing, serta berbagai kelompok jihadis dan elemen suku yang menguasai bagian-bagian negara.[5][6]
Kepala Negara Libya (1951–sekarang)
Kerajaan Libya (1951–1969) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. | Nama | Foto | Masa hidup | Berkuasa | Dinasti | |||
| Pemerintahan dimulai | Akhir pemerintahan | Durasi | ||||||
| 1 | Idris I | 
|
1889–1983 | 24 Desember 1951 | 1 September 1969 | 17 tahun, 251 hari | Senussi | |
| Raja Libya pertama dan satu-satunya. Digulingkan dalam kudeta 1969.[7] | ||||||||
Libya dibawah pemerintahan Khadafi (1969–2011)Republik Arab Libya (1969–1977) | ||||||||
| No. | Nama | Foto | Masa hidup | Masa jabatan | Afiliasi politik | |||
| Mulai menjabat | Akhir jabatan | Masa jabatan | ||||||
| 2 | Muammar Khadafi | 
|
1942–2011 | 1 September 1969 | 2 Maret 1977 | 7 tahun, 182 hari | Militer / Uni Sosialis Arab | |
| Ketua Dewan Komando Revolusi (RCC). Khadafi membubarkan RCC pada tanggal 2 Maret 1977, setelah Kongres Umum Rakyat (GPC) mengadopsi Deklarasi tentang Pendirian Otoritas Rakyat.[8] | ||||||||
Jamahiriyah Arab Libya (1977–2011) | ||||||||
| (2) | Muammar Khadafi |
|
1942–2011 | 2 Maret 1977 | 2 Maret 1979 | 2 tahun | Militer / Independen (Sosialisme Islam) | |
| Sekretaris Jenderal GPC. Khadafi meninggalkan semua fungsi pemerintahan pada 2 Maret 1979. Namun, sebagai pemimpin revolusi (secara resmi "Pemimpin Persaudaraan dan Pemandu Revolusi"), dia mempertahankan kendali penuh atas Libya sampai dia digulingkan dan dibunuh selama Perang Saudara Pertama pada tahun 2011.[9][10][11] | ||||||||
| 3 | Abdul Ati al-Obeidi | .jpg)
|
lahir 1939 | 2 Maret 1979 | 7 Januari 1981 | 1 tahun, 311 hari | Independen (sosialis Islam) | |
| Sekretaris Jenderal GPC. Sebelumnya menjabat sebagai Sekretaris Jenderal Komite Rakyat Umum (Perdana Menteri), dari tahun 1977 hingga 1979. | ||||||||
| 4 | Muhammad az-Zaruq Rajab | 
|
lahir 1940 | 7 Januari 1981 | 15 Februari 1984 | 3 tahun, 39 hari | Independen (Sosialisme Islam) | |
| Sekretaris Jenderal GPC. Setelah itu menjabat sebagai Sekretaris Jenderal Komite Rakyat Umum (Perdana Menteri), dari tahun 1984 hingga 1986. | ||||||||
| 5 | Mifta al-Usta Umar |
|
1935–2010 | 15 Februari 1984 | 7 Oktober 1990 | 6 tahun, 234 hari | Independen (Sosialisme Islam) | |
| Sekretaris Jenderal GPC. Disajikan pada saat Pengeboman Amerika Serikat 1986 (Operasi El Dorado Canyon). | ||||||||
| 6 | Abdul Razzaq as-Sawsa |
|
1933–2016 | 7 Oktober 1990 | 18 Januari 1992 | 1 tahun, 103 hari | Independen (Sosialisme Islam) | |
| Sekretaris Jenderal GPC. | ||||||||
| 7 | Muhammad az-Zanati | 
|
lahir 1944 | 18 Januari 1992 | 3 Maret 2008 | 16 tahun, 45 hari | Independen (Sosialisme Islam) | |
| Sekretaris Jenderal GPC. | ||||||||
| 8 | Miftah Muhammed K'eba |
|
lahir 1947 | 3 Maret 2008 | 5 Maret 2009 | 1 tahun, 2 hari | Independen (Sosialisme Islam) | |
| Sekretaris Jenderal GPC. | ||||||||
| 9 | Imbarek Shamekh |
|
lahir 1952 | 5 Maret 2009[12] | 26 Januari 2010 | 327 hari | Independen (Sosialisme Islam) | |
| Sekretaris Jenderal GPC. Sebelumnya menjabat sebagai Sekretaris Jenderal Komite Rakyat Umum (Perdana Menteri), dari tahun 2000 hingga 2003. | ||||||||
| 10 | Mohamed Abu al-Qasim al-Zwai |
|
born 1952 | 26 Januari 2010[13] | 23 Agustus 2011 | 1 tahun, 209 hari | Independen (Sosialisme Islam) | |
| Sekretaris Jenderal GPC. Disajikan pada saat Perang Saudara Pertama dan bersamaan intervensi militer asing. Digulingkan selama Pertempuran Tripoli. | ||||||||
Masa transisi (2011–sekarang) | ||||||||
| 11 | Mustafa Abdul Jalil | .jpg)
|
lahir 1952 | 5 Maret 2011 | 8 Agustus 2012 | 1 tahun, 156 hari | Independen | |
| Ketua Dewan Transisi Nasional (NTC). Pemberontakan hingga 23 Agustus 2011, berbasis di Benghazi selama periode ini. | ||||||||
| — | Mohammed Ali Salim |
|
lahir 1935 | 8 August 2012 | 9 August 2012 | 1 hari | Independen | |
| Penjabat Presiden Kongres Nasional Umum (GNC). Kepala negara simbolis untuk penyerahan kekuasaan dari NTC. | ||||||||
| 12 | Mohammed Magariaf | 
|
lahir 1940 | 9 Agustus 2012 | 28 Mei 2013 | 292 hari | Partai Front Nasional | |
| Presiden GNC. Mengundurkan diri untuk mematuhi Political Isolation Law yang disahkan oleh GNC pada 14 Mei 2013. | ||||||||
| — | Giuma Ahmed Atigha | .JPG)
|
lahir 1950 | 28 Mei 2013 | 25 Juni 2013 | 28 hari | Independen | |
| Penjabat Presiden GNC. | ||||||||
| 13 | Nouri Abusahmain | 
|
lahir 1956 | 25 Juni 2013 | 5 April 2016 | 2 tahun, 285 hari | Independen | |
| Presiden GNC. Pemberontakan, berbasis di Tripoli. Diakui secara internasional hingga 4 Agustus 2014. | ||||||||
| Menyusul Pemilihan parlemen Libya 2014, pemerintah terpecah antara Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (HoR) yang baru terpilih dan GNC keluar, menghasilkan Perang Saudara Kedua. Pemilu 2014 dinyatakan tidak sah oleh Mahkamah Agung pada November 2014.[14] | ||||||||
| — | Abu Bakr Baira | .JPG)
|
lahir 1941 | 4 Agustus 2014 | 5 Agustus 2014 | 1 hari | Independen | |
| Penjabat Presiden Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat (HoR). Kepala negara simbolis untuk penyerahan kekuasaan dari GNC. | ||||||||
| 14 | Aguila Saleh Issa | .jpg)
|
lahir 1944 | 5 Agustus 2014 | 15 Maret 2021 | 6 tahun, 222 hari | Independen | |
| Presiden DPR. Dalam pemberontakan, berbasis di Tobruk. Diakui secara internasional hingga 12 Maret 2016. | ||||||||
| Menyusul peresmian Dewan Kepresidenan dan Pemerintahan Kesepakatan Nasional (GNA), pemerintah tetap terpecah antara HoR dan Pemerintahan Penyelamatan Nasional (NSG) , diciptakan kembali setelah upaya kudeta tahun 2016. Setelah itu, Dewan Tinggi Revolusi dibentuk juga. Namun, Dewan Tinggi Negara (HCS), yang berbasis di Tripoli, mengakui GNA. | ||||||||
| 15 | Fayez al-Sarraj | _(cropped).jpg)
|
lahir 1960 | 30 Maret 2016 | 15 Maret 2021 | 4 tahun, 350 hari | Independen | |
| Ketua Dewan Kepresidenan. Sekaligus menjabat sebagai Perdana Menteri Pemerintah Kesepakatan Nasional (GNA). Diakui secara internasional, berbasis di Tripoli. | ||||||||
| 16 | Mohamed al-Menfi | .jpg)
|
lahir 1976 | 15 Maret 2021 | Petahana | 3 tahun, 52 hari | Independen | |
| Ketua Dewan Kepresidenan. Diakui secara internasional, berbasis di Tripoli. | ||||||||
Lini masa
Catatan
- ^ "Libya mired in chaos 10 years after Arab Spring". Agence France-Presse. France 24. 10 February 2021. Diakses tanggal 14 February 2022.
- ^ "10 years since Kadhafi death, stability still eludes Libya". Agence France-Presse. France 24. 19 October 2021. Diakses tanggal 14 February 2022.
- ^ "Feature: Libyans struggling in poverty, chaos 10 years after NATO intervention". Xinhua News Agency. 7 May 2021. Diakses tanggal 14 February 2022.
- ^ "Libya's Second Civil War: How did it come to this?". Conflict News. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 20 March 2015. Diakses tanggal 22 March 2015.
National Post View (24 February 2015). "National Post View: Stabilizing Libya may be the best way to keep Europe safe". National Post. Diakses tanggal 22 March 2015. - ^ Pelham, Nicolas (February 2015). "Libya Against Itself". The New York Review of Books. Diakses tanggal 18 February 2015.
- ^ Fadel, L. "Libya's Crisis: A Shattered Airport, Two Parliaments, Many Factions". Diarsipkan 2015-04-26 di Wayback Machine.
- ^ "KING IDRIS, OUSTED IN '69 BY QADDAFI, DIES IN CAIRO". The New York Times. AP. 26 May 1983. Diakses tanggal 28 December 2021.
- ^ "Libya Reorganizes Government". The New York Times. 4 March 1977. Diakses tanggal 28 December 2021.
- ^ Wynne-Jones, Jonathan (19 March 2011). "Libyan minister claims Gaddafi is powerless and the ceasefire is 'solid'". The Daily Telegraph. London. Diakses tanggal 22 October 2011.
- ^ "Gaddafi: Libya dignity under attack". Al Jazeera. 2 March 2011. Diakses tanggal 22 October 2011.
Libyan leader Muammar Gaddafi has said that he is not a president and so cannot resign his position, and that power is in the hands of the people, during a televised public rally in the capital, Tripoli.
- ^ Neil MacFarquhar (20 October 2011). "An Erratic Leader, Brutal and Defiant to the End". The New York Times. Diakses tanggal 28 December 2021.
- ^ "Limited Reshuffle in GP Congress, GP Committee". The Tripoli Post. 6 March 2009. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 4 April 2015. Diakses tanggal 1 January 2021.
- ^ "Friend of Gaddafi named to head Libyan parliament". afran.ir. 27 January 2010. Diakses tanggal 1 January 2021.
- ^ "Libya court 'invalidates' parliament". BBC News. 6 November 2014. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 8 July 2018. Diakses tanggal 21 June 2018 – via BBC.