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Baris 1: Baris 1:
{{Infobox War Faction
{{Infobox War Faction
|name = Pasukan Revolusioner Bersenjata Kolombia - Tentara Rakyat
|name = Pasukan Revolusioner Bersenjata Kolombia - Tentara Rakyat
|native_name = {{lang|es|Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias Colombia – Ejército del Pueblo}}
|war = Perang sipil Kolombia
|war = Perang sipil Kolombia
|active = 1964-2016
|active = 1964-2016
Baris 6: Baris 7:
* [[Marxisme–Leninisme]]
* [[Marxisme–Leninisme]]
* [[Bolivarianisme]]
* [[Bolivarianisme]]
* [[Sosialisme Revolusioner]]
* [[Sosialisme revolusioner]]
* [[Nasionalisme Sayap Kiri]]
* [[Nasionalisme sayap kiri]]
* [[Teori Foco]]
* [[Teori Foco]]
}}
}}
|position = [[Far-left politics|Far-left]]
|position = [[Politik kiri jauh|Kiri jauh]]
|leaders = {{plainlist|
|leaders = {{plainlist|
* [[Timoleón Jiménez|Timochenko]]
* [[Timoleón Jiménez|Timochenko]]
Baris 33: Baris 34:
* [[Los Pozos]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://colombiajournal.org/colombia15.htm |title=Interview with FARC Commander Simón Trinidad |access-date=2016-09-19 |archive-date=2014-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140111210141/http://colombiajournal.org/colombia15.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref> (1990–2001)
* [[Los Pozos]]<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://colombiajournal.org/colombia15.htm |title=Interview with FARC Commander Simón Trinidad |access-date=2016-09-19 |archive-date=2014-01-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140111210141/http://colombiajournal.org/colombia15.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref> (1990–2001)
}}
}}
|area = Terkonsentrasi di bagian Selatan, Barat Daya, Timur Laut, Barat Laut dan Timur negara [[Kolombia]]. Terdapat operasi di [[Peru]], [[Venezuela]], [[Brazil]],<ref>{{cite web
|area = Terkonsentrasi di bagian Selatan, Barat Daya, Timur Laut, Barat Laut dan Timur [[Kolombia]]. Terdapat operasi di [[Peru]], [[Venezuela]], [[Brazil]],<ref>{{cite web
|url=http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/news/9791-farc-have-drug-trafficking-networks-in-brazil.html
|url=http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/news/9791-farc-have-drug-trafficking-networks-in-brazil.html
|title=FARC have 'drug trafficking networks' in Brazil – Colombia news
|title=FARC have 'drug trafficking networks' in Brazil – Colombia news
|publisher=Colombia Reports
|publisher=Colombia Reports
|date=19 May 2010
|date=19 May 2010
|accessdate=17 October 2011
|accessdate=17 Oktober 2011
|archive-date=2011-07-08
|archive-date=2011-07-08
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708180929/http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/news/9791-farc-have-drug-trafficking-networks-in-brazil.html
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110708180929/http://colombiareports.com/colombia-news/news/9791-farc-have-drug-trafficking-networks-in-brazil.html
Baris 47: Baris 48:
|date=26 May 2010
|date=26 May 2010
|agency=Reuters
|agency=Reuters
|access-date=2016-09-19
⚫
}}</ref> and [[Ecuador]]. Keberadaan signifikan di negara Amerika Latin seperti [[Meksiko]], [[Paraguay]], [[Argentina]], dan [[Bolivia]].
|archive-date=2010-12-30
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20101230130749/http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSTRE64P01720100526
|dead-url=no
⚫
}}</ref> dan [[Ecuador]]. Keberadaan signifikan di negara Amerika Latin seperti [[Meksiko]], [[Paraguay]], [[Argentina]], dan [[Bolivia]].
|strength = 7,000–10,000 (2013)<ref name="bbc">{{cite news
|strength = 7,000–10,000 (2013)<ref name="bbc">{{cite news
|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-23394408
|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-23394408
Baris 54: Baris 59:
|date=21 July 2013
|date=21 July 2013
|publisher=BBC News
|publisher=BBC News
|archive-date=2020-11-12
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201112005402/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-23394408
|dead-url=no
}}</ref><ref name="economist">{{cite news
}}</ref><ref name="economist">{{cite news
|url=http://www.economist.com/news/americas/21584384-hiccup-serves-confirm-government-and-farc-are-making-progress-edge-and
|url=http://www.economist.com/news/americas/21584384-hiccup-serves-confirm-government-and-farc-are-making-progress-edge-and
Baris 60: Baris 68:
|accessdate=11 January 2014
|accessdate=11 January 2014
|date=31 August 2013
|date=31 August 2013
|archive-date=2017-08-31
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170831221638/https://www.economist.com/news/americas/21584384-hiccup-serves-confirm-government-and-farc-are-making-progress-edge-and
|dead-url=no
}}</ref><ref name="eluniversal">{{cite web
}}</ref><ref name="eluniversal">{{cite web
|url=http://www.eluniversal.com.co/opinion/editorial/farc-terrorismo-y-dialogos-5462
|url=http://www.eluniversal.com.co/opinion/editorial/farc-terrorismo-y-dialogos-5462
|title=Farc, terrorismo y diálogos – EL UNIVERSAL - Cartagena
|title=Farc, terrorismo y diálogos – EL UNIVERSAL - Cartagena
|accessdate=11 January 2014
|accessdate=11 Januari 2014
|archive-date=2018-11-06
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181106214402/http://www.eluniversal.com.co/opinion/editorial/farc-terrorismo-y-dialogos-5462
|dead-url=no
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.eltiempo.com/justicia/desmovilizacion-principal-arma-contra-las-guerrillas_13077339-4
|url=http://www.eltiempo.com/justicia/desmovilizacion-principal-arma-contra-las-guerrillas_13077339-4
|title=Desmovilización, principal arma contra las guerrillas
|title=Desmovilización, principal arma contra las guerrillas
|publisher=eltiempo.com
|publisher=eltiempo.com
|language=Spanish
|language=Spanyol
|accessdate=27 September 2013
|accessdate=27 September 2013
|archive-date=2013-09-23
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130923064310/http://www.eltiempo.com/justicia/desmovilizacion-principal-arma-contra-las-guerrillas_13077339-4
|dead-url=no
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|url=http://colombiareports.co/colombia-army-claims-farc-eln-lost-5-thousand-guerrillas-past-two-years/
|url=http://colombiareports.co/colombia-army-claims-farc-eln-lost-5-thousand-guerrillas-past-two-years/
Baris 75: Baris 92:
|publisher=colombiareports.co
|publisher=colombiareports.co
|accessdate=27 September 2013
|accessdate=27 September 2013
|archive-date=2013-10-14
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131014183117/http://colombiareports.co/colombia-army-claims-farc-eln-lost-5-thousand-guerrillas-past-two-years/
|dead-url=no
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
}}</ref><ref>{{cite web
|url=http://www.mindefensa.gov.co/irj/go/km/docs/documents/News/NoticiaGrandeMDN/602f69a4-7f07-3110-6cae-bc48b6e8a47e.xml
|url=http://www.mindefensa.gov.co/irj/go/km/docs/documents/News/NoticiaGrandeMDN/602f69a4-7f07-3110-6cae-bc48b6e8a47e.xml
|title=Comandantes de Fuerza presentaron resultados operacionales de los últimos 2 años
|title=Comandantes de Fuerza presentaron resultados operacionales de los últimos 2 años
|publisher=mindefensa.gov.co
|publisher=mindefensa.gov.co
|language=Spanish
|language=Spanyol
|accessdate=27 September 2013
|accessdate=27 September 2013
|archive-date=2013-10-05
|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131005014307/http://www.mindefensa.gov.co/irj/go/km/docs/documents/News/NoticiaGrandeMDN/602f69a4-7f07-3110-6cae-bc48b6e8a47e.xml
|dead-url=no
}}</ref>
}}</ref>
|partof =
|partof = [[Badan Koordinasi Gerilya Simón Bolívar]]
|previous =
|predecessor =
|successor = {{plainlist|
|next =
* [[Pasukan Revolusioner Alternatif Bersama]]
⚫
|allies = {{flag|Kuba}} (s.d. 1991)<br/>{{flag|Uni Soviet}} (pra 1991)<br/>[[Tentara Republikan Irlandia]]
* [[Pembelot FARC]]}}
⚫
|allies = {{flag|Kuba}} (s.d. 1991)<br/>{{flag|Uni Soviet}} (pra 1991)<br/>[[Tentara Republik Irlandia Sementara|IRA Sementara]]
|opponents = {{plainlist|
|opponents = {{plainlist|
* [[Kolombia]]
* [[Kolombia]]
Baris 95: Baris 120:
|identification_symbol_label=Flag
|identification_symbol_label=Flag
}}
}}
'''Pasukan Revolusioner Kolombia - Tentara Rakyat''' (Bahasa Spanyol: '''''Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia—Ejército del Pueblo''''', '''FARC–EP''' dan '''FARC''') adalah gerakan gerilya<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-11400950|title=Profiles: Colombia's armed groups|date=2013-08-29|newspaper=BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=2016-09-19}}</ref> yang merupakan kelanjutan dari konflik bersenjata Kolombia sejak tahun 1964. Konflik ini diketahui sebagai tempat pengaplikasian beberapa taktik militer, ditambah taktik nonkonvensional seperti terorisme.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cOU0bvG8ZGwC&pg=PA180&dq=farc+colombia+founded&cd=12&hl=en|title=Inside Colombia: Drugs, Democracy and War|last=Livingstone|first=Grace|date=2003-01-01|publisher=Rutgers University Press|isbn=9780813534435|language=en}}</ref><ref name="Radu 275–287">{{Cite journal|last=Radu|first=Michael|date=2002-01-01|title=Terrorism After the Cold War: Trends and Challenges|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0030438702001084|journal=Orbis|volume=46|issue=2|pages=275–287|doi=10.1016/S0030-4387(02)00108-4}}</ref><ref name="Radu 275–287"/><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Book sources|url=https://en.wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781572309098|journal=Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Book sources|url=https://en.wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781576073377|journal=Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia|language=en}}</ref> FARC terbentuk pada saat [[Perang Dingin]] dimana paham [[Marxisme–Leninisme|Marxisme-Leninisme]] tumbuh subur dikarenakan mempromosikan agrarisme dan anti imperialisme di dalam manifesto politik. Operasi FARC didanai oleh aktivitas ilegal seperti penculikan, pertambangan ilegal,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/us-colombia-mining-illegal-idUSKBN0NW27220150511|title=Colombia army raids illegal mines funding FARC rebels|date=2015-05-11|newspaper=Reuters|access-date=2016-09-19}}</ref> pungutan liar, dan aktivitas penyalahgunaan narkoba.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-18396920|title=Gold overtakes drugs as source of Colombia rebel funds|last=McDermott|first=Jeremy|date=2012-06-17|newspaper=BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=2016-09-19}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.economist.com/node/18013780|title=Guerrilla miners|newspaper=The Economist|issn=0013-0613|access-date=2016-09-19}}</ref> Perserikatan Bangsa Bangsa memperkirakan 12% pembunuhan warga selama konflik Kolombia dilakukan oleh gerilyawan FARC, sisanya dilakukan oleh pasukan pemerintah dan paramiliter.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ipsnews.net/2008/08/colombia-international-criminal-court-scrutinises-paramilitary-crimes/|title=COLOMBIA: International Criminal Court Scrutinises Paramilitary Crimes {{!}} Inter Press Service|website=www.ipsnews.net|access-date=2016-09-19}}</ref>
'''Pasukan Revolusioner Kolombia - Tentara Rakyat''' ({{lang-es|link=no|Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia{{snd}}Ejército del Pueblo}}, '''FARC–EP''' dan '''FARC''') adalah gerakan gerilya<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-11400950|title=Profiles: Colombia's armed groups|date=2013-08-29|newspaper=BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=2016-09-19|archive-date=2016-01-24|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160124044749/http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-11400950|dead-url=no}}</ref> yang merupakan kelanjutan dari konflik bersenjata Kolombia sejak tahun 1964. Konflik ini diketahui sebagai tempat pengaplikasian beberapa taktik militer, ditambah taktik nonkonvensional seperti terorisme.<ref>{{Cite book|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=cOU0bvG8ZGwC&pg=PA180&dq=farc+colombia+founded&cd=12&hl=en|title=Inside Colombia: Drugs, Democracy and War|last=Livingstone|first=Grace|date=2003-01-01|publisher=Rutgers University Press|isbn=9780813534435|language=en|access-date=2016-09-19|archive-date=2023-07-17|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230717005546/https://books.google.com/books?id=cOU0bvG8ZGwC&pg=PA180&dq=farc+colombia+founded&cd=12&hl=en|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Radu 275–287">{{Cite journal|last=Radu|first=Michael|date=2002-01-01|title=Terrorism After the Cold War: Trends and Challenges|url=http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0030438702001084|journal=Orbis|volume=46|issue=2|pages=275–287|doi=10.1016/S0030-4387(02)00108-4|access-date=2016-09-19|archive-date=2019-11-05|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191105185017/https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0030438702001084|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref name="Radu 275–287"/><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Book sources|url=https://en.wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781572309098|journal=Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia|language=en|access-date=2016-09-19|archive-date=2016-10-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161001161539/https://en.wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781572309098|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal|title=Book sources|url=https://en.wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781576073377|journal=Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia|language=en|access-date=2016-09-19|archive-date=2022-05-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220514040841/https://en.wiki-indonesia.club/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781576073377|dead-url=no}}</ref> FARC terbentuk pada saat [[Perang Dingin]] dimana paham [[Marxisme–Leninisme|Marxisme-Leninisme]] tumbuh subur dikarenakan mempromosikan agrarisme dan anti imperialisme di dalam manifesto politik. Operasi FARC didanai oleh aktivitas ilegal seperti penculikan, pertambangan ilegal,<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.reuters.com/article/us-colombia-mining-illegal-idUSKBN0NW27220150511|title=Colombia army raids illegal mines funding FARC rebels|date=2015-05-11|newspaper=Reuters|access-date=2016-09-19|archive-date=2023-04-08|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230408153422/https://www.reuters.com/article/us-colombia-mining-illegal-idUSKBN0NW27220150511|dead-url=no}}</ref> pungutan liar, dan aktivitas penyalahgunaan narkoba.<ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-18396920|title=Gold overtakes drugs as source of Colombia rebel funds|last=McDermott|first=Jeremy|date=2012-06-17|newspaper=BBC News|language=en-GB|access-date=2016-09-19|archive-date=2022-12-13|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20221213173201/https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-latin-america-18396920|dead-url=no}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|url=http://www.economist.com/node/18013780|title=Guerrilla miners|newspaper=The Economist|issn=0013-0613|access-date=2016-09-19|archive-date=2018-02-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180218140333/http://www.economist.com/node/18013780|dead-url=no}}</ref> Perserikatan Bangsa Bangsa memperkirakan 12% pembunuhan warga selama konflik Kolombia dilakukan oleh gerilyawan FARC, sisanya dilakukan oleh pasukan pemerintah dan paramiliter.<ref>{{Cite web|url=http://www.ipsnews.net/2008/08/colombia-international-criminal-court-scrutinises-paramilitary-crimes/|title=COLOMBIA: International Criminal Court Scrutinises Paramilitary Crimes {{!}} Inter Press Service|website=www.ipsnews.net|access-date=2016-09-19|archive-date=2023-04-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230404231150/http://www.ipsnews.net/2008/08/colombia-international-criminal-court-scrutinises-paramilitary-crimes/|dead-url=no}}</ref>


== Referensi ==
== Referensi ==

Revisi terkini sejak 19 November 2023 03.32

Pasukan Revolusioner Bersenjata Kolombia - Tentara Rakyat
Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias Colombia – Ejército del Pueblo
Pemimpin
Waktu operasi1964-2016
Markas
Wilayah operasiTerkonsentrasi di bagian Selatan, Barat Daya, Timur Laut, Barat Laut dan Timur Kolombia. Terdapat operasi di Peru, Venezuela, Brazil,[2] Panama,[3] dan Ecuador. Keberadaan signifikan di negara Amerika Latin seperti Meksiko, Paraguay, Argentina, dan Bolivia.
Ideologi
Posisi politikKiri jauh
Bagian dariBadan Koordinasi Gerilya Simón Bolívar
Sekutu Kuba (s.d. 1991)
 Uni Soviet (pra 1991)
IRA Sementara
Lawan
Flag

Pasukan Revolusioner Kolombia - Tentara Rakyat (bahasa Spanyol: Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia – Ejército del Pueblo, FARC–EP dan FARC) adalah gerakan gerilya[4] yang merupakan kelanjutan dari konflik bersenjata Kolombia sejak tahun 1964. Konflik ini diketahui sebagai tempat pengaplikasian beberapa taktik militer, ditambah taktik nonkonvensional seperti terorisme.[5][6][6][7][8] FARC terbentuk pada saat Perang Dingin dimana paham Marxisme-Leninisme tumbuh subur dikarenakan mempromosikan agrarisme dan anti imperialisme di dalam manifesto politik. Operasi FARC didanai oleh aktivitas ilegal seperti penculikan, pertambangan ilegal,[9] pungutan liar, dan aktivitas penyalahgunaan narkoba.[10][11] Perserikatan Bangsa Bangsa memperkirakan 12% pembunuhan warga selama konflik Kolombia dilakukan oleh gerilyawan FARC, sisanya dilakukan oleh pasukan pemerintah dan paramiliter.[12]

Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]

  1. ^ "Interview with FARC Commander Simón Trinidad". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2014-01-11. Diakses tanggal 2016-09-19. 
  2. ^ "FARC have 'drug trafficking networks' in Brazil – Colombia news". Colombia Reports. 19 May 2010. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2011-07-08. Diakses tanggal 17 Oktober 2011. 
  3. ^ "Panama's Darien teems with FARC drug runners". Reuters. 26 May 2010. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2010-12-30. Diakses tanggal 2016-09-19. 
  4. ^ "Profiles: Colombia's armed groups". BBC News (dalam bahasa Inggris). 2013-08-29. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-01-24. Diakses tanggal 2016-09-19. 
  5. ^ Livingstone, Grace (2003-01-01). Inside Colombia: Drugs, Democracy and War (dalam bahasa Inggris). Rutgers University Press. ISBN 9780813534435. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-07-17. Diakses tanggal 2016-09-19. 
  6. ^ a b Radu, Michael (2002-01-01). "Terrorism After the Cold War: Trends and Challenges". Orbis. 46 (2): 275–287. doi:10.1016/S0030-4387(02)00108-4. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2019-11-05. Diakses tanggal 2016-09-19. 
  7. ^ "Book sources". Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2016-10-01. Diakses tanggal 2016-09-19. 
  8. ^ "Book sources". Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2022-05-14. Diakses tanggal 2016-09-19. 
  9. ^ "Colombia army raids illegal mines funding FARC rebels". Reuters. 2015-05-11. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-04-08. Diakses tanggal 2016-09-19. 
  10. ^ McDermott, Jeremy (2012-06-17). "Gold overtakes drugs as source of Colombia rebel funds". BBC News (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2022-12-13. Diakses tanggal 2016-09-19. 
  11. ^ "Guerrilla miners". The Economist. ISSN 0013-0613. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-02-18. Diakses tanggal 2016-09-19. 
  12. ^ "COLOMBIA: International Criminal Court Scrutinises Paramilitary Crimes | Inter Press Service". www.ipsnews.net. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2023-04-04. Diakses tanggal 2016-09-19. 
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