Pertempuran Malaya: Perbedaan antara revisi

Pertempuran Malaya
	Bagian dari Perang Pasifik
	; Tentara Jepang di Kuala Lumpur.
Tanggal	8 Desember 1941 – 31 Januari 1942
Lokasi	Malaya Britania
Hasil	Kemenangan Malaya
Pihak terlibat
Sekutu:; British Empire; Britania Raya; India; Malaya; Negeri-Negeri Selat; Australia; Selandia Baru; Belanda Dutch East Indies; Kuomintang Malaya; Partai Komunis Malaya	Axis:; Jepang; Thailand Young Malays Union
Tokoh dan pemimpin
Archibald Wavell; R. Brooke-Popham; Arthur Percival ; Lewis Heath ; David Murray-Lyon ; Archibald Paris †; Arthur Barstow †; Gordon Bennett Tom Phillips † Conway Pulford † Leong Yew Koh; Lai Teck	Hisaichi Terauchi; Tomoyuki Yamashita; Takuro Matsui; Takuma Nishimura; Renya Mutaguchi; Michio Sugawara [jp] Nobutake Kondō; Jisaburō Ozawa; Shintarō Hashimoto Ibrahim Yaacob
Kekuatan
140,000 tentara; 253 pesawat; 810 artileri; 208+ senjata anti-tank dan anti-pesawat; 54 senjata benteng; 250+ AFV; 15.400+ kendaraan bermotor	70,000 tentara; 568 pesawat; 440+ artileri; 200 tank; 3,000+ truk
Korban
145,703; 5.703 tewas atau meninggal karena luka hingga 31 Januari + 7.531 tewas atau meninggal karena luka 1–16 Februari; 10.000 terluka; 130.000 ditangkap	9,657 (Termasuk korban dari Pertempuran Singapura); 3.507 tewas; 6.150 terluka

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Sebaris

Revisi terkini sejak 18 April 2023 10.37

Pertempuran Malaya adalah perang terbuka antara Sekutu dan Jepang di Malaya yang berlangsung sejak 8 Desember 1941 hingga 31 Januari 1942, sebagai bagian dari Perang Dunia II. Kampanye ini didominasi oleh pertempuran darat antara pihak Persemakmuran Britania dan Jepang. Bagi orang-orang Inggris, India, Australia dan Malaya yang mati-matian berusaha mempertahankan koloni ini, perang ini menjadi bencana karena berakhir dengan kekalahan dan awal masa-masa kerja paksa bagi mereka yang tertangkap.

Kejatuhan Malaya, dan kemudian Singapura, menjadi lonceng pertanda kematian bagi Hindia Belanda, yang jatuh kurang dari dua bulan kemudian dan berarti akan mengakhiri penjajahan yang telah berlangsung ratusan tahun di wilayah Asia Tenggara.

Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]

^ ^a ^b ^c Paul H. Kratoska (30 April 2018). The Japanese Occupation of Malaya and Singapore, 1941-45: A Social and Economic History. NUS Press. hlm. 299–. ISBN 978-9971-69-638-2.
^ Frank Owen (2001). The Fall of Singapore. England: Penguin Books. ISBN 0-14-139133-2.
^ ^a ^b Allen (2013) pp. 300-301.
^ Sandhu 1987, p. 32.
^ Allen (2013) pp. 300-301
^ Allen, Louis. Singapore 1941–1942: Revised Edition, Routledge, 2013. p. 169
^ Toland, John. The Rising Sun New York: The Modern Library, 2003. p. 272
^ Corfield & Corfield (2012), p. 743. The names of all of those who died are listed in the book.
^ Wigmore 1957, p. 382
^ Tsuji (1960) p. 220. 1,793 dead and 2,772 wounded in Malaya; 1,714 dead and 3,378 wounded at Singapore.

Catatan[sunting | sunting sumber]

^ Between Singapore and Malaya, the Japanese captured 300 field guns, 180 mortars/howitzers, 100 anti-aircraft guns, 54 fortress guns, 108 1-pounder guns (likely a typo meant to say 2-pounder), and, on the mainland, another 330 guns of unspecified type. Kevin Blackburn, Karl Hack. "Did Singapore Have to Fall?: Churchill and the Impregnable Fortress". Routledge. 1 November 2003. Page 193 gives a total of 225 25-pounders and 18-pounders for the campaign, but this number excludes 4.5-inch and 3.7-inch howitzers and 75mm field guns, as well as fortress guns. Page 74 gives a total of 226 for British artillery pieces during the siege of Singapore itself, including fortress guns (172 without them).
^ 50 armoured vehicles were captured on Malaya and 200 on Singapore, mostly Universal Carriers and armoured cars; includes Mark VI 23 tanks.
^ 1.800 truk dan 13.600 mobil dan kendaraan lain hilang dari tangan Jepang baik di Singapura maupun di daratan.

Pranala luar[sunting | sunting sumber]

Campaign in Malaya on The Children (& Families) of the Far East Prisoners of War
Royal Engineers Museum Diarsipkan 2009-05-03 di Wayback Machine. Royal Engineers and the Second World War - the Far East
Australia's War 1939-1945: Battle of Malaya Diarsipkan 2008-02-01 di Wayback Machine.
Animated History of the Fall of Malaya and Singapore Diarsipkan 2007-10-12 di Wayback Machine.

Artikel bertopik sejarah ini adalah sebuah rintisan. Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya.

Artikel bertopik Perang Dunia II ini adalah sebuah rintisan. Anda dapat membantu Wikipedia dengan mengembangkannya.

[Kratoska2018-1] Paul H. Kratoska (30 April 2018). The Japanese Occupation of Malaya and Singapore, 1941-45: A Social and Economic History. NUS Press. hlm. 299–. ISBN 978-9971-69-638-2.

[The_Fall_of_Singapore-2] Frank Owen (2001). The Fall of Singapore. England: Penguin Books. ISBN 0-14-139133-2.

[Allen_2013_pp._300-301-3] Allen (2013) pp. 300-301.

[The_Indian_cavalry:_history_of_the_Indian_Armoured_Corps,_Volume_2-6] Sandhu 1987, p. 32.

[7] Allen (2013) pp. 300-301

[9] Allen, Louis. Singapore 1941–1942: Revised Edition, Routledge, 2013. p. 169

[10] Toland, John. The Rising Sun New York: The Modern Library, 2003. p. 272

[Corfield382-11] Corfield & Corfield (2012), p. 743. The names of all of those who died are listed in the book.

[Wigmore382-12] Wigmore 1957, p. 382

[13] Tsuji (1960) p. 220. 1,793 dead and 2,772 wounded in Malaya; 1,714 dead and 3,378 wounded at Singapore.

[4] Between Singapore and Malaya, the Japanese captured 300 field guns, 180 mortars/howitzers, 100 anti-aircraft guns, 54 fortress guns, 108 1-pounder guns (likely a typo meant to say 2-pounder), and, on the mainland, another 330 guns of unspecified type. Kevin Blackburn, Karl Hack. "Did Singapore Have to Fall?: Churchill and the Impregnable Fortress". Routledge. 1 November 2003. Page 193 gives a total of 225 25-pounders and 18-pounders for the campaign, but this number excludes 4.5-inch and 3.7-inch howitzers and 75mm field guns, as well as fortress guns. Page 74 gives a total of 226 for British artillery pieces during the siege of Singapore itself, including fortress guns (172 without them).

[5] 50 armoured vehicles were captured on Malaya and 200 on Singapore, mostly Universal Carriers and armoured cars; includes Mark VI 23 tanks.

[8] 1.800 truk dan 13.600 mobil dan kendaraan lain hilang dari tangan Jepang baik di Singapura maupun di daratan.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[a]

[b]

[4]

[5]

[c]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

@@ Baris 6: / Baris 6: @@
 |date=[[8 Desember]] [[1941]] – [[31 Januari]] [[1942]]
 |place=[[Malaya Britania]]
-|result=Kemenangan Jepang, pendudukan Jepang di Malaya
+|result=Kemenangan Malaya
+| combatant1        = '''[[Blok Sekutu dalam Perang Dunia II|Sekutu:]]'''<br>'''{{flag|British Empire}}'''<br>{{bulleted list|{{UK}}|{{flagcountry|British India}}|[[British Malaya|Malaya]]|{{nowrap|{{flag|Negeri-Negeri Selat}}}}|{{AUS}}|{{flagcountry|Selandia Baru}}}}{{flagdeco|NED}} [[Pemerintahan Belanda di pengasingan|Belanda]]{{bulleted list|{{flag|Dutch East Indies}}}}<hr>{{flagicon image|Naval Jack of the Republic of China.svg}} [[Kuomintang|Kuomintang Malaya]]<ref name="Kratoska2018">{{cite book|author=Paul H. Kratoska|title=The Japanese Occupation of Malaya and Singapore, 1941-45: A Social and Economic History|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=xvlqDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA299|date=30 April 2018|publisher=NUS Press|isbn=978-9971-69-638-2|pages=299–}}</ref><br>{{flagicon image|Flag of the Communist Party of Malaya.svg}} [[Partai Komunis Malaya]]<ref name="Kratoska2018"/>
-|}}
+| combatant2        = '''[[Blok Poros|Axis:]]'''<br>'''{{flagcountry|Empire of Japan}}'''<br>{{THA}}<hr>{{flagdeco|IDN}} [[Kesatuan Melayu Muda|Young Malays Union]]
+| commander1        = '''{{flagdeco|UK}} [[Archibald Wavell, 1st Earl Wavell|Archibald Wavell]]<br>{{flagicon|UK}} [[Robert Brooke-Popham|R. Brooke-Popham]]<br>{{flagicon|UK}} [[Arthur Percival]]{{surrendered}}'''<br>{{flagicon|UK}} [[Lewis Heath]]{{surrendered}}<br>{{nowrap|{{flagicon|UK}} [[David Murray-Lyon]]{{surrendered}}}}<br>{{flagicon|UK}} [[Archibald Paris]]{{KIA}}<br>{{flagicon|UK}} [[Arthur Edward Barstow|Arthur Barstow]]{{KIA}}<br>{{flagicon|Australia}} [[Gordon Bennett (jenderal)|Gordon Bennett]]<hr>{{flagicon|UK|naval}} [[Tom Phillips]]{{KIA}}<hr>{{flagicon|UK|air force}} [[Conway Pulford]]{{KIA}}<hr>{{flagicon image|Naval Jack of the Republic of China.svg}} [[Leong Yew Koh]]<ref name="Kratoska2018"/><br>{{flagicon image|Flag of the Communist Party of Malaya.svg}} [[Lai Teck]]
+| commander2        = '''{{flagicon|Empire of Japan|army}} [[Hisaichi Terauchi]]<br>{{flagicon|Empire of Japan|army}} [[Tomoyuki Yamashita]]'''<br>{{flagicon|Empire of Japan|army}} [[Takuro Matsui]]<br>{{flagicon|Empire of Japan|army}} [[Takuma Nishimura]]<br>{{flagicon|Empire of Japan|army}} [[Renya Mutaguchi]]<br>{{flagicon|Empire of Japan|army}} {{ill|Michio Sugawara|jp|菅原道大}}<hr>{{flagicon|Empire of Japan|naval}} [[Nobutake Kondō]]<br>{{flagicon|Empire of Japan|naval}} [[Jisaburō Ozawa]]<br>{{flagicon|Empire of Japan|naval}} [[Shintarō Hashimoto]]<hr>{{flagdeco|IDN}} [[Ibrahim Yaacob]]
+| strength1         = 140,000 tentara<ref name="The Fall of Singapore">{{cite book| title = The Fall of Singapore | author = Frank Owen | publisher = Penguin Books | year = 2001 | location = England | isbn = 0-14-139133-2}}</ref><br>253 pesawat<br>810 artileri<br>208+ senjata anti-tank dan anti-pesawat<br>54 senjata benteng<ref name="Allen 2013 pp. 300-301">Allen (2013) pp. 300-301.</ref>{{efn|Between Singapore and Malaya, the Japanese captured 300 field guns, 180 mortars/howitzers, 100 anti-aircraft guns, 54 fortress guns, 108 1-pounder guns (likely a typo meant to say 2-pounder), and, on the mainland, another 330 guns of unspecified type. Kevin Blackburn, Karl Hack. "Did Singapore Have to Fall?: Churchill and the Impregnable Fortress". Routledge. 1 November 2003. Page 193 gives a total of 225 25-pounders and 18-pounders for the campaign, but this number excludes [[QF 4.5-inch howitzer|4.5-inch]] and [[QF 3.7-inch mountain howitzer|3.7-inch]] howitzers and 75mm field guns, as well as fortress guns. Page 74 gives a total of 226 for British artillery pieces during the siege of Singapore itself, including fortress guns (172 without them).}}<br>250+ AFV<ref name="Allen 2013 pp. 300-301"/>{{efn|50 armoured vehicles were captured on Malaya and 200 on Singapore, mostly [[Universal Carrier]]s and armoured cars; includes Mark VI 23 tanks.}}<ref name="The Indian cavalry: history of the Indian Armoured Corps, Volume 2">Sandhu 1987, p. 32.</ref><br>15.400+ kendaraan bermotor<ref>Allen (2013) pp. 300-301</ref>{{efn|1.800 truk dan 13.600 mobil dan kendaraan lain hilang dari tangan Jepang baik di Singapura maupun di daratan.}}
+| strength2         = 70,000 tentara<br>568 pesawat<br>440+ artileri<ref>Allen, Louis. ''Singapore 1941–1942: Revised Edition'', Routledge, 2013. p. 169</ref><br>200 tank<br>3,000+ truk<ref>Toland, John. ''The Rising Sun'' New York: The Modern Library, 2003. p. 272</ref>
+| casualties1       = '''145,703'''<br>5.703 tewas atau meninggal karena luka hingga 31 Januari + 7.531 tewas atau meninggal karena luka 1–16 Februari<ref name=Corfield382>Corfield & Corfield (2012), p. 743. The names of all of those who died are listed in the book.</ref><br>10.000 terluka<br>130.000 ditangkap<ref name=Wigmore382>Wigmore 1957, p. 382</ref>
+| casualties2       = '''9,657''' (Termasuk korban dari [[Pertempuran Singapura]])<br>3.507 tewas<br>6.150 terluka<ref>Tsuji (1960) p. 220. 1,793 dead and 2,772 wounded in Malaya; 1,714 dead and 3,378 wounded at Singapore.</ref>
+| campaignbox       = {{Kotak kampanye Malaya}}
+{{Kotak kampanye Pasifik 1941}}
+{{Kotak kampanye Perang Pasifik}}
+| width             = 350px
+}}
 '''Pertempuran Malaya''' adalah [[perang]] terbuka antara [[Sekutu]] dan [[Jepang]] di [[Malaya]] yang berlangsung sejak [[8 Desember]] [[1941]] hingga [[31 Januari]] [[1942]], sebagai bagian dari [[Perang Dunia II]]. Kampanye ini didominasi oleh pertempuran darat antara pihak Persemakmuran Britania dan Jepang. Bagi orang-orang [[Inggris]], [[India]], [[Australia]] dan [[Malaya]] yang mati-matian berusaha mempertahankan koloni ini, perang ini menjadi bencana karena berakhir dengan kekalahan dan awal masa-masa kerja paksa bagi mereka yang tertangkap.
 Kejatuhan Malaya, dan kemudian Singapura, menjadi lonceng pertanda kematian bagi Hindia Belanda, yang jatuh kurang dari dua bulan kemudian dan berarti akan mengakhiri [[penjajahan]] yang telah berlangsung ratusan tahun di wilayah [[Asia Tenggara]].
+== Referensi ==
+{{reflist}}
+==Catatan==
+{{notelist}}
 == Pranala luar ==
 * [http://www.cofepow.org.uk/pages/armedforces_m_campaign.html Campaign in Malaya on The Children (& Families) of the Far East Prisoners of War]
-* [http://www.remuseum.org.uk/corpshistory/rem_corps_part16.htm#far Royal Engineers Museum] Royal Engineers and the Second World War - the Far East
+* [http://www.remuseum.org.uk/corpshistory/rem_corps_part16.htm#far Royal Engineers Museum] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090503114041/http://www.remuseum.org.uk/corpshistory/rem_corps_part16.htm#far |date=2009-05-03 }} Royal Engineers and the Second World War - the Far East
-* [http://www.ww2australia.gov.au/japadvance/malaya.html Australia's War 1939-1945: Battle of Malaya]
+* [http://www.ww2australia.gov.au/japadvance/malaya.html Australia's War 1939-1945: Battle of Malaya] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080201153314/http://www.ww2australia.gov.au/japadvance/malaya.html |date=2008-02-01 }}
-* [http://historyanimated.com/pacificwaranimated/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=22&Itemid=34 Animated History of the Fall of Malaya and Singapore]
+* [http://historyanimated.com/pacificwaranimated/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=22&Itemid=34 Animated History of the Fall of Malaya and Singapore] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071012163058/http://historyanimated.com/pacificwaranimated/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=22&Itemid=34 |date=2007-10-12 }}
-{{sejarah-stub}}
 {{DEFAULTSORT:Malaya}}
+[[Kategori:Konflik dalam tahun 1941]]
-{{PDII-stub}}
+[[Kategori:Sejarah Malaysia]]
-[[Kategori:Konflik tahun 1941]]
+[[Kategori:Pertempuran dan operasi militer dalam Perang Dunia II]]
-[[Kategori:Sejarah militer Malaysia]]
-[[Kategori:Operasi militer dan pertempuran Perang Dunia II]]
 [[Kategori:Pertempuran Perang Dunia II melibatkan Jepang]]
 [[Kategori:Pertempuran Perang Dunia II melibatkan Britania Raya]]
-[[cs:Bitva o Malajsii]]
+{{sejarah-stub}}
-[[da:Slaget om Malaya]]
+{{PDII-stub}}
-[[de:Japanische Invasion der Malaiischen Halbinsel]]
-[[en:Malayan Campaign]]
-[[es:Campaña de Malasia]]
-[[fr:Bataille de Malaisie]]
-[[he:קרב מלאיה]]
-[[it:Campagna di Malesia]]
-[[ja:マレー作戦]]
-[[ms:Penjajahan Jepun di Tanah Melayu]]
-[[no:Slaget om Malaya]]
-[[pl:Bitwa o Malaje]]
-[[ru:Малайская операция]]
-[[sv:Slaget om Malackahalvön]]
-[[th:ยุทธการมาลายา]]
-[[vi:Trận Mã Lai]]
-[[zh:馬來亞戰役]]