Rumah potong: Perbedaan antara revisi
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[[Berkas:Slaughterhouse.jpg| |
[[Berkas:Slaughterhouse.jpg|bingkai|ka|Pekerja dan sapi di sebuah rumah potong hewan.]] |
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[[File:Hoisting a slaughtered steer in Benjamin Lutz's slaughterhouse 8d23516v.jpg|thumb|Pekerja dan ternak di rumah potong hewan pada 1942.]] |
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'''Rumah |
'''Rumah potong''',<ref>{{Kamus|Rumah potong}}</ref> '''rumah jagal''',<ref>{{Kamus|Rumah jagal}}</ref> '''abatoar''' (dari [[bahasa Belanda]]/[[bahasa Prancis]]: ''abattoir''),<ref>{{Kamus|Abatoar}}</ref> atau '''pejagalan'''<ref>{{Kamus|Pejagalan}}</ref> adalah sebuah tempat [[hewan ternak]] dipotong dan diproses menjadi [[daging]]. Hewan yang paling umum dijagal untuk makanan adalah [[sapi]], [[kambing]], [[babi]], dan [[unggas]]. |
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Di Indonesia, rumah potong dibagi menjadi dua macam. "''Rumah pemotongan hewan''" atau "''rumah potong hewan''" (RPH, kadang disebut "''rumah potong ternak''"; [[Standar Nasional Indonesia|SNI]] 01-6159-1999) digunakan sebagai rumah potong untuk ternak selain unggas, seperti [[sapi]] dan [[kambing]]. Sementara itu, "''rumah pemotongan unggas''" atau "''rumah potong unggas''" (RPU; SNI 01-6160-1999) digunakan sebagai rumah potong khusus unggas, seperti [[ayam]] dan [[Itik|bebek]]. |
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Banyak orang merasa bahwa subyek [[pembantaian]] hewan sebuah hal yang sangat mentidakenakan dan memilih untuk tidak mengetahui detail apa yang terjadi dalam rumah jagal. Dan sebaliknya, kebanyakan rumah jagal juga memilih lebih rahasia untuk menghindarkan [[kontroversi]]. Oleh karena itu di Barat, hubungan antara hasil daging paketan di [[supermarket]] dan hewan hidup dari mana dia berasal sangat kabur ("obscured"). |
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Namun, sebagian besar orang di Barat tiap hari makan daging, jadi rumah jagal sangat dibutuhkan untuk memberikan produk daging yang efisien dalam skala industri. Di banyak negara lainnya memiliki hukum dan aturan yang mengatur penjagalan hewan, baik untuk konsumsi manusia atau tujuan lainnya. Oleh karena itu pengoperasian rumah jagal biasanya diawasi oleh agensi pemerintah, terutama untuk memastikan [[standar]] kebersihan dapat terjaga. |
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Kelompok [[hak hewan]] (''animal rights'') dan beberapa [[vegetarian]] lebih suka untuk mengetahui apa yang terjadi di dalam rumah jagal - untuk membuka dan membetulkan perlakuan tidak manusiawi terhadap hewan, tapi juga untuk mendorong orang untuk menghadapi kenyataan dari produksi daging, yang menimbulkan lebih banyak orang memilih [[makanan]] bebas-daging atau sedikit-daging. |
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== Slaughterhouse process == |
== Slaughterhouse process == |
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[[Berkas:CurvedRaceCattleCorral.jpg|thumb|right|Curved cattle corrals designed by [[Temple Grandin]] are intended to reduce stress in animals being led to slaughter.]] |
[[Berkas:CurvedRaceCattleCorral.jpg|thumb|right|Curved cattle corrals designed by [[Temple Grandin]] are intended to reduce stress in animals being led to slaughter.]] |
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In the later half of the [[20th century]], the layout and design of most US slaughterhouses has been significantly influenced by the work of Dr. [[Temple Grandin]]. Grandin is also well known for being [[autistic]] and it was a fascination with patterns and flow that first led her to redesign the layout of cattle holding pens. |
In the later half of the [[20th century]], the layout and design of most US slaughterhouses has been significantly influenced by the work of Dr. [[Temple Grandin]]. Grandin is also well known for being [[autistic]] and it was a fascination with patterns and flow that first led her to redesign the layout of cattle holding pens. |
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Grandin's primary objective was to reduce the stress and suffering of animals being led to slaughter. In particular she applied an intuitive understanding of animal psychology to design pens and corrals which funnel a herd of animals arriving at a slaughterhouse into a single file ready for slaughter. Her corrals employ long sweeping curves so that each animal is prevented from seeing what lies ahead and just concentrates on the hind quarters of the animal in front of it. |
Grandin's primary objective was to reduce the stress and suffering of animals being led to slaughter. In particular she applied an intuitive understanding of animal psychology to design pens and corrals which funnel a herd of animals arriving at a slaughterhouse into a single file ready for slaughter. Her corrals employ long sweeping curves so that each animal is prevented from seeing what lies ahead and just concentrates on the hind quarters of the animal in front of it. |
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Grandin now claims to have designed over 54% of the slaughterhouses in the United States as well as many other slaughterhouses around the world. |
Grandin now claims to have designed over 54% of the slaughterhouses in the United States as well as many other slaughterhouses around the world. |
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The standards and regulations governing slaughterhouses vary considerably around the world. In many countries the slaughter of animals is virtually unregulated by law; often, however, it is strongly regulated by custom and tradition. |
The standards and regulations governing slaughterhouses vary considerably around the world. In many countries the slaughter of animals is virtually unregulated by law; often, however, it is strongly regulated by custom and tradition. |
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In some communities animal slaughter may be controlled by religious laws, most notably [[halal]] for [[Muslim]]s and [[Kosher#Kashrut_and_animal_welfare|kosher]] for [[Jew]]ish communities. These both require that the animals being slaughtered should be conscious at the point of death, as such animals cannot be stunned prior to killing. This can cause conflicts with individual national regulations when a slaughterhouse adhering to the rules of kosher preparation is located in some western countries. |
In some communities animal slaughter may be controlled by religious laws, most notably [[halal]] for [[Muslim]]s and [[Kosher#Kashrut_and_animal_welfare|kosher]] for [[Jew]]ish communities. These both require that the animals being slaughtered should be conscious at the point of death, as such animals cannot be stunned prior to killing. This can cause conflicts with individual national regulations when a slaughterhouse adhering to the rules of kosher preparation is located in some western countries. |
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Some countries have laws that exclude specific animal species or grades of animal from being slaughtered for human consumption. The former [[India|Indian]] Prime Minister Atal Behari [[Vajpayee]], a self-proclaimed strict vegetarian, suggested in [[2004]] introducing legislation banning the slaughter of cows throughout [[India]], where the [[cow]] is a [[sacred animal]] to [[Hindu]]s, for whom the slaughter of one is unthinkable and offensive. The slaughter of cows and the importation of [[beef]] into the nation of [[Nepal]] are strictly forbidden under Nepalese law. |
Some countries have laws that exclude specific animal species or grades of animal from being slaughtered for human consumption. The former [[India|Indian]] Prime Minister Atal Behari [[Vajpayee]], a self-proclaimed strict vegetarian, suggested in [[2004]] introducing legislation banning the slaughter of cows throughout [[India]], where the [[cow]] is a [[sacred animal]] to [[Hindu]]s, for whom the slaughter of one is unthinkable and offensive. The slaughter of cows and the importation of [[beef]] into the nation of [[Nepal]] are strictly forbidden under Nepalese law. |
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== Referensi == |
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{{reflist}} |
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* {{en}} [http://www.meetyourmeat.com/wycd.html ''Meet Your Meat''] |
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== Pranala luar == |
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* {{en}} [http://www.meetyourmeat.com/wycd.html ''Meet Your Meat''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20050825022716/http://meetyourmeat.com/wycd.html |date=2005-08-25 }} |
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[[ar:مسلخ]] |
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[[bg:Кланица]] |
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[[cs:Jatka]] |
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[[de:Schlachthof]] |
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[[en:Slaughterhouse]] |
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[[es:Matadero]] |
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[[fa:کشتار جانوران]] |
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[[fi:Teurastamo]] |
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[[fr:Abattoir]] |
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[[it:Mattatoio]] |
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[[ja:屠畜場]] |
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[[kn:ಕಸಾಯಿಖಾನೆ]] |
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[[ko:도축장]] |
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[[lb:Schluechthaus]] |
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[[nl:Slachterij]] |
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[[pl:Rzeźnia]] |
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[[pt:Abatedouro]] |
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[[ru:Скотобойня]] |
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[[sr:Кланица]] |
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[[sv:Slakteri]] |
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Revisi terkini sejak 30 April 2024 04.35
Rumah potong,[1] rumah jagal,[2] abatoar (dari bahasa Belanda/bahasa Prancis: abattoir),[3] atau pejagalan[4] adalah sebuah tempat hewan ternak dipotong dan diproses menjadi daging. Hewan yang paling umum dijagal untuk makanan adalah sapi, kambing, babi, dan unggas.
Di Indonesia, rumah potong dibagi menjadi dua macam. "Rumah pemotongan hewan" atau "rumah potong hewan" (RPH, kadang disebut "rumah potong ternak"; SNI 01-6159-1999) digunakan sebagai rumah potong untuk ternak selain unggas, seperti sapi dan kambing. Sementara itu, "rumah pemotongan unggas" atau "rumah potong unggas" (RPU; SNI 01-6160-1999) digunakan sebagai rumah potong khusus unggas, seperti ayam dan bebek.
Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]
- ^ (Indonesia) Arti kata Rumah potong dalam situs web Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia oleh Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia.
- ^ (Indonesia) Arti kata Rumah jagal dalam situs web Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia oleh Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia.
- ^ (Indonesia) Arti kata Abatoar dalam situs web Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia oleh Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia.
- ^ (Indonesia) Arti kata Pejagalan dalam situs web Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia oleh Badan Pengembangan dan Pembinaan Bahasa, Kementerian Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan Republik Indonesia.
Pranala luar[sunting | sunting sumber]
- (Inggris) Situs resmi Grandin
- (Inggris) Meet Your Meat Diarsipkan 2005-08-25 di Wayback Machine.