USS Missouri (BB-63): Perbedaan antara revisi

Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas
Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan
→‎Galeri: kultur pop
k →‎top: title
 
(20 revisi perantara oleh 5 pengguna tidak ditampilkan)
Baris 1: Baris 1:
{{DISPLAYTITLE|USS ''Missouri'' (BB-63)}}
{{Other ships|USS Missouri}}
{{Other ships|USS Missouri}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=February 2013}}

{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
{{Infobox ship image
{{Infobox ship image
Baris 9: Baris 8:
{{Infobox ship career
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
|Hide header=
|Ship country=US
|Ship country=[[Amerika Serikat]]
|Ship flag={{USN flag|1992}}
|Ship flag={{USN flag|1992}}
|Ship name=USS Missouri
|Ship name=USS Missouri
|Ship namesake=[[Missouri]]
|Ship namesake=[[Missouri]]
|Ship ordered=12 June 1940
|Ship ordered=12 Juni 1940
|Ship builder=[[Brooklyn Navy Yard]]
|Ship builder=[[Brooklyn Navy Yard]]
|Ship cost=$100,000,000
|Ship cost=$100.000.000
|Ship laid down=6 Januari 1941
|Ship laid down=6 Januari 1941
|Ship launched=29 Januari 1944
|Ship launched=29 Januari 1944
Baris 23: Baris 22:
|Ship in service=
|Ship in service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship out of service=
|Ship struck=12 January 1995
|Ship struck=12 Januari 1995
|Ship nickname="Mighty Mo" or "Big Mo"
|Ship nickname="Mighty Mo" atau "Big Mo"
|Ship honors=11 [[bintang pertempuran]]<br>Perang Dunia II<br>[[Perang Korea]]<br>[[Perang Teluk]]
|Ship honors=11 [[bintang tempur]]<br>Perang Dunia II<br>[[Perang Korea]]<br>[[Perang Teluk]]
|Ship fate=[[Museum kapal]]
|Ship fate=[[Museum kapal]]
|Ship status=
|Ship status=
Baris 35: Baris 34:
|Header caption=(1943)
|Header caption=(1943)
|Ship class={{sclass-|Iowa|kapal tempur}}
|Ship class={{sclass-|Iowa|kapal tempur}}
|Ship displacement=45,000 ton
|Ship displacement=45.000 ton
|Ship length={{convert|887.2|ft|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship length={{convert|887,2|ft|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam={{convert|108.2|ft|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship beam={{convert|108,2|ft|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship draft={{convert|28.9|ft|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship draft={{convert|28,9|ft|m|abbr=on}}
|Ship propulsion=
|Ship propulsion=
|Ship speed={{convert|33|kn|mph km/h|abbr=on}}
|Ship speed={{convert|33|kn|mph km/h|abbr=on}}
|Ship range=
|Ship range=
|Ship complement=2,700 officers and men
|Ship complement=2.700 opsir dan awak
|Ship armament=9 × [[16"/50 caliber Mark 7 gun|{{convert|16|in|mm|abbr=on|0}}/50 cal Mark 7 gun]]s<br />20 × [[5"/38 caliber gun|{{convert|5|in|mm|abbr=on|0}}/38 cal Mark 12 gun]]s<br />80 × [[Bofors 40 mm|40 mm/56 cal anti-aircraft guns]]<br />49 × [[Oerlikon 20 mm cannon|20 mm/70 cal anti-aircraft cannons]]
|Ship armament=9 × [[16"/50 caliber Mark 7 gun|Meriam Mark 7 {{convert|16|in|mm|abbr=on|0}}]]<br />20 × [[5"/38 caliber gun|Meriam Mark 12 {{convert|5|in|mm|abbr=on|0}}]]<br />80 × [[Bofors 40 mm|Meriam anti-pesawat 40 mm]]<br />49 × [[Meriam Oerlikon 20 mm|Meriam anti-pesawat 20 mm]]
|Ship armor=
|Ship armor=[[Belt armor|Belt]]: {{convert|12.1|in|mm|abbr=on}}<br />[[Bulkhead (partition)|Bulkheads]]: {{convert|11.3|in|mm|abbr=on}}<br />[[Barbette]]s: {{convert|11.6|to|17.3|in|mm|abbr=on}}<br />[[Turret]]s: {{convert|19.7|in|mm|abbr=on}}<br />[[Deck (ship)|Decks]]: {{convert|7.5|in|mm|abbr=on}}
*[[Sabuk]]: {{convert|12,1|in|mm|abbr=on}}
}}
*[[Sekat]]: {{convert|11,3|in|mm|abbr=on}}
*[[Barbet]]: {{convert|11,6|-|17,3|in|mm|abbr=on}}
*[[Turet senjata]]: {{convert|19,7|in|mm|abbr=on}}
*[[Geladak]]: {{convert|7,5|in|mm|abbr=on}}
}}<!--
{{Infobox ship characteristics
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=no
|Hide header=no
|Header caption=(1984)
|Header caption=(1984)
|Ship complement=1,851 officers and men
|Ship complement=1.851 opsir dan awak
|Ship sensors=[[AN/SPS-49]] Air Search Radar<br />AN/SPS-67 Surface Search Radar<br />[[AN/SPQ-9]] Surface Search / Gun Fire Control Radar
|Ship sensors=[[AN/SPS-49]] Air Search Radar<br />AN/SPS-67 Surface Search Radar<br />[[AN/SPQ-9]] Surface Search / Gun Fire Control Radar
|Ship EW=[[SLQ-32 Electronic Warfare Suite|AN/SLQ-32]]<br />[[AN/SLQ-25 Nixie]] Decoy System<br />8 × [[Mark 36 SRBOC]] Super Rapid Bloom Rocket Launchers
|Ship EW=[[SLQ-32 Electronic Warfare Suite|AN/SLQ-32]]<br />[[AN/SLQ-25 Nixie]] Decoy System<br />8 × [[Mark 36 SRBOC]] Super Rapid Bloom Rocket Launchers
|Ship armament=9 × {{convert|16|in|mm|abbr=on|0}}/50 cal Mark 7 guns<br />12 × {{convert|5|in|mm|abbr=on|0}}/38 cal Mark 12 guns<br />32 × [[Tomahawk (missile)|BGM-109 Tomahawk cruise missiles]]<br />16 × [[Harpoon (missile)|RGM-84 Harpoon Anti-Ship missiles]]<br />4 × [[Phalanx CIWS|20 mm/76 cal Phalanx CIWS]]
|Ship armament=9 × {{convert|16|in|mm|abbr=on|0}}/50 cal Mark 7 guns<br />12 × {{convert|5|in|mm|abbr=on|0}}/38 cal Mark 12 guns<br />32 × [[Tomahawk (missile)|Rudal jelajah Tomahawk BGM-109]]<br />16 × [[Harpoon (misil)|Rudal anti-kapal Harpoon RGM-84]]<br />4 × [[Phalanx CIWS|20 mm/76 cal Phalanx CIWS]]
}}
}}-->
{{Infobox NRHP
{{Infobox NRHP
| embed = yes
| embed = yes
Baris 78: Baris 82:
|}
|}


'''USS ''Missouri'' (BB-63)''' ("'''Mighty Mo'''" atau "'''Big Mo'''") adalah sebuah kapal tempur kelas Iowa [[Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat]] dan kapal Angkatan Laut A.S. ketiga yang dinamai negara bagian AS [[Missouri]]. ''Missouri'' adalah kapal tempur terakhir yang ditugaskan oleh Amerika Serikat dan merupakan tempat dari kapitulasi [[Kekaisaran Jepang]] pada akhir [[Perang Dunia II]].Missouri diperintahkan pada tahun 1940 dan ditugaskan pada bulan Juni 1944. Di Teater Pasifik Perang Dunia II ia berjuang dalam pertempuran Iwo Jima dan Okinawa dan dikupas pulau-pulau rumah Jepang, dan dia berjuang dalam Perang Korea 1950-1953.Missouri menerima total 11 pertempuran untuk layanan dalam Perang Dunia II, Korea, dan Teluk Persia, dan akhirnya dihentikan pada tanggal 31 Maret 1992, namun tetap di Naval Vessel Register sampai namanya melanda pada bulan Januari 1995. Pada tahun 1998, dia disumbangkan ke Asosiasi Memorial USS Missouri dan menjadi museum kapal di Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.
'''USS ''Missouri'' (BB-63)''' ("'''Mighty Mo'''" atau "'''Big Mo'''") adalah sebuah {{sclass |Iowa|kapal tempur|2}} milik [[Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat]] sekaligus kapal Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat ketiga yang dinamai negara bagian Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat ([[Missouri]]).


''Missouri'' adalah kapal tempur terakhir yang ditugaskan oleh Amerika Serikat dan merupakan tempat dari kapitulasi [[Kekaisaran Jepang]] pada akhir [[Perang Dunia II]]. Missouri mulai dipesan pada tahun 1940 dan ditugaskan pada bulan Juni 1944.
==Kultur pop==

Di Teater Pasifik Perang Dunia II, ia berjuang dalam [[Pertempuran Iwo Jima]] dan Okinawa serta membombardir pulau-pulau rumah Jepang, serta terlibat dalam Perang Korea 1950-1953. Missouri menerima total 11 bintang tempur untuk jasanya dalam Perang Dunia II, Korea, dan Teluk Persia. Ia akhirnya dibebastugaskan pada tahun 1992. Namun, namanya tetap berada di [[daftar angkatan laut]] sampai pada bulan Januari 1995. Pada tahun 1998, dia disumbangkan ke Asosiasi Memorial USS Missouri dan menjadi [[kapal museum]] di [[Pearl Harbor]], [[Hawaii]].

== Kultur populer ==
* ''Missouri'' menjadi pusat cerita dalam ''[[Under Siege]]''.
* ''Missouri'' menjadi pusat cerita dalam ''[[Under Siege]]''.
* ''Missouri'' juga menjadi "jagoan" dalam film [[Battleship (film)|''Battleship'']]. Tetapi karena ''Missouri'' tidak pernah bergerak sendiri sejak tahun 1992, ia harus dikerek dengan tiga [[kapal tunda]] agar [[pengambilan gambar|tembakan gambarnya]] ditengah laut bisa terwujud.<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.slate.com/blogs/browbeat/2012/05/21/battleship_movie_and_the_u_s_s_missouri_is_the_u_s_s_missouri_really_still_seaworthy_.html|title=Fact-Checking Battleship: Could We Really Revive the "Mighty Mo"?|journal=Slate|first=Forest|last=Wickman|date=21 May 2012|accessdate=23 February 2015}}</ref>
* ''Missouri'' juga menjadi "jagoan" dalam film [[Battleship (film)|''Battleship'']]. Tetapi karena ''Missouri'' tidak pernah bergerak sendiri sejak tahun 1992, ia harus dikerek dengan tiga [[kapal tunda]] agar [[pengambilan gambar|tembakan gambarnya]] ditengah laut bisa terwujud.<ref>{{cite journal|url=http://www.slate.com/blogs/browbeat/2012/05/21/battleship_movie_and_the_u_s_s_missouri_is_the_u_s_s_missouri_really_still_seaworthy_.html|title=Fact-Checking Battleship: Could We Really Revive the "Mighty Mo"?|journal=Slate|first=Forest|last=Wickman|date=21 May 2012|accessdate=23 February 2015}}</ref>
* Video musik untuk lagu "[[If I Could Turn Back Time]]" buatan Cher juga difilmkan diatas kapal ''Missouri''. Meskipun begitu, [[Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat]] yang sudah memberikan ijin untuk pengambilan gambar video tersebut, merasa tidak senang atas adegan seksual dalam video tersebut.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Marks|first1=Craig|last2=Tannenbaum|first2=Rob|title=I want my MTV the uncensored story of the music video revolution|date=2011|publisher=Dutton|location=New York|isbn=978-1-101-52641-5}}</ref>
* Video musik untuk lagu "[[If I Could Turn Back Time]]" buatan Cher juga difilmkan di atas kapal ''Missouri''. Meski begitu, [[Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat]] yang sudah memberikan ijin untuk pengambilan gambar video tersebut, merasa tidak senang atas adegan seksual dalam video tersebut.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Marks|first1=Craig|last2=Tannenbaum|first2=Rob|title=I want my MTV the uncensored story of the music video revolution|url=https://archive.org/details/iwantmymtvuncens00mark|date=2011|publisher=Dutton|location=New York|isbn=978-1-101-52641-5}}</ref>


== Galeri ==
== Galeri ==
<gallery>
<gallery>
Berkas:USS Missouri (BB-63) at anchor, circa in August 1944.jpg|USS Missouri pada agustus 1944
Berkas:USS Missouri (BB-63) at anchor, circa in August 1944.jpg|USS Missouri pada Agustus 1944
Berkas:USS Missouri (BB-63) RIMPAC-90.jpg|USS Missouri sedang menenmbakkan meriamnya
Berkas:USS Missouri (BB-63) RIMPAC-90.jpg|USS Missouri sedang menembakkan meriamnya
Berkas:USS Missouri (BB-63) and USS New Jersey (BB-62) mothballed.jpg|USS Missouri dan USS New Jersey (BB-62)
Berkas:USS Missouri (BB-63) and USS New Jersey (BB-62) mothballed.jpg|USS Missouri dan USS New Jersey (BB-62)
</gallery>
</gallery>
Baris 100: Baris 108:


== Bacaan tambahan ==
== Bacaan tambahan ==
* {{cite book|last = Butler|first = John A.|year = 1995|title = Strike Able-Peter: The Stranding and Salvage of the USS Missouri|publisher = Naval Institute Press|location = Annapolis, Maryland|isbn = 1-55750-094-0 }}
* {{cite book|last = Butler|first = John A.|year = 1995|title = Strike Able-Peter: The Stranding and Salvage of the USS Missouri|url = https://archive.org/details/strikeablepeters0000butl|publisher = Naval Institute Press|location = Annapolis, Maryland|isbn = 1-55750-094-0 }}
* {{cite book|last = Muir|first = Malcolm|year = 1987|title = The Iowa Class Battleships|publisher = Sterling Publishing Company|location = New York|isbn = 0-8069-8338-8 }}
* {{cite book|last = Muir|first = Malcolm|year = 1987|title = The Iowa Class Battleships|url = https://archive.org/details/iowaclassbattles0000muir_f6n6|publisher = Sterling Publishing Company|location = New York|isbn = 0-8069-8338-8 }}
* {{cite book|last = Reilly|first = John C., Jr.|year = 1989|title = Operational Experience of Fast Battleships: World War II, Korea, Vietnam|publisher = Naval Historical Center|location = Washington DC|id = ASIN B000KZP9LA}}
* {{cite book|last = Reilly|first = John C., Jr.|year = 1989|title = Operational Experience of Fast Battleships: World War II, Korea, Vietnam|publisher = Naval Historical Center|location = Washington DC|id = ASIN B000KZP9LA}}
* {{cite book|last = Sumrall|first = Robert F.|year = 1988|title = Iowa Class Battleships: Their Design, Weapons, and Equipment|publisher = Naval Institute Press|location = Annapolis, Maryland|isbn = 0-87021-298-2}}
* {{cite book|last = Sumrall|first = Robert F.|year = 1988|title = Iowa Class Battleships: Their Design, Weapons, and Equipment|publisher = Naval Institute Press|location = Annapolis, Maryland|isbn = 0-87021-298-2}}
* {{cite book|title=Mighty Mo: The Biography of the Last Battleship|last=Newell|first=Gordon|coauthors=Smith, Allen E.|publisher=Superior Publishing Company|location=Seattle, Washington|id=Library of Congress Catalogue Number 72-87802 }}
* {{cite book|title=Mighty Mo: The Biography of the Last Battleship|last=Newell|first=Gordon|coauthors=Smith, Allen E.|publisher=Superior Publishing Company|location=Seattle, Washington|id=Library of Congress Catalogue Number 72-87802 }}


== Referensi ==
{{reflist}}
== Pranala luar ==
== Pranala luar ==
{{Commonscat|USS Missouri (BB-63)}}
<!--Note: the general style guide for this page is: 1) do not to add external links to this section if they already appear in the notes sections, and 2) do not add links that don't deal primarily with the specific ship that is the subject of this article. If you're not sure if link fits this page, you should probably ask first at the talk page. You don't HAVE to follow any of these suggestions, but if you don't your contribution may be declined. -->
* [http://www.ussmissouri.com/ Battleship ''Missouri'' Memorial] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140721235641/http://www.ussmissouri.com/ |date=2014-07-21 }} museum website
{{Spoken Wikipedia|Uss_missouri_BB63.ogg|2006-07-27}}
* [http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/sh-usn/usnsh-m/bb63.htm Photo gallery] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041009235230/http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/sh-usn/usnsh-m/bb63.htm |date=2004-10-09 }}
{{Commons and category|USS Missouri (BB-63)|USS Missouri (BB-63)}}
* [http://www.hnsa.org/ships/missouri.htm HNSA Ship Page: USS Missouri] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080512000352/http://www.hnsa.org/ships/missouri.htm |date=2008-05-12 }}
* [http://www.ussmissouri.com/ Battleship ''Missouri'' Memorial] museum website
* [http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/sh-usn/usnsh-m/bb63.htm Photo gallery]
* [http://www.hnsa.org/ships/missouri.htm HNSA Ship Page: USS Missouri]
* [http://www.navsource.org/archives/01/63a.htm navsource.org: USS ''Missouri'']
* [http://www.navsource.org/archives/01/63a.htm navsource.org: USS ''Missouri'']
* [http://www.hazegray.org/danfs/battlesh/bb63.htm hazegray.org: USS ''Missouri'']
* [http://www.hazegray.org/danfs/battlesh/bb63.htm hazegray.org: USS ''Missouri'']
* [http://www.nvr.navy.mil/nvrships/details/BB63.htm nvr.navy.mil: USS ''Missouri'']
* [http://www.nvr.navy.mil/nvrships/details/BB63.htm nvr.navy.mil: USS ''Missouri''] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20041014232817/http://www.nvr.navy.mil/nvrships/details/BB63.htm |date=2004-10-14 }}
* [http://www.navysite.de/bb/bb63.htm navysite.de: USS ''Missouri'']
* [http://www.navysite.de/bb/bb63.htm navysite.de: USS ''Missouri'']
* [http://www.maritimequest.com/warship_directory/us_navy_pages/uss_missouri_bb63.htm Maritimequest USS Missouri BB-63 Photo Gallery]
* [http://www.maritimequest.com/warship_directory/us_navy_pages/uss_missouri_bb63.htm Maritimequest USS Missouri BB-63 Photo Gallery]
* [http://www.ussmissouri.co: USS ''Missouri'' History]
* [http://www.ussmissouri.co: USS ''Missouri'' History] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160111191956/http://ussmissouri.co/ |date=2016-01-11 }}
* [http://www.bb63vets.com/ USS ''Missouri'' Association]
* [http://www.bb63vets.com/ USS ''Missouri'' Association]
{{Kapal tempur kelas Iowa}}
{{Kapal tempur kelas Iowa}}

{{DEFAULTSORT:Missouri (Bb-63)}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Missouri}}
[[Kategori:Kapal tahun 1944]]

Revisi terkini sejak 20 April 2024 10.30

USS Missouri di laut pada konfigurasi 1980an-nya
Sejarah
Amerika Serikat
Nama USS Missouri
Asal nama Missouri
Dipesan 12 Juni 1940
Pembangun Brooklyn Navy Yard
Pasang lunas 6 Januari 1941
Diluncurkan 29 Januari 1944
Mulai berlayar 11 Juni 1944
Dipensiunkan 31 Maret 1992 (terakhir)
Dicoret 12 Januari 1995
Julukan "Mighty Mo" atau "Big Mo"
Penghargaan list error: <br /> list (help)
11 bintang tempur
Perang Dunia II
Perang Korea
Perang Teluk
Nasib Museum kapal
Catatan Kapal tempur terakhir yang ditugaskan oleh Amerika Serikat
Lencana
Ciri-ciri umum (1943)
Kelas dan jenis kapal tempur kelas-Iowa
Berat benaman 45.000 ton
Panjang 887,2 ft (270,4 m)
Lebar 108,2 ft (33,0 m)
Sarat air 28,9 ft (8,8 m)
Kecepatan 33 kn (38 mph; 61 km/h)
Awak kapal 2.700 opsir dan awak
Senjata 9 × Meriam Mark 7 16 in (406 mm)
20 × Meriam Mark 12 5 in (127 mm)
80 × Meriam anti-pesawat 40 mm
49 × Meriam anti-pesawat 20 mm
Pelindung
USS Missouri (BB-63)
USS Missouri (BB-63) di Hawaii
USS Missouri (BB-63)
Letak:Pearl Harbor, Hawaii
Koordinat:21°21′44″N 157°57′12″W / 21.36222°N 157.95333°W / 21.36222; -157.95333Koordinat: 21°21′44″N 157°57′12″W / 21.36222°N 157.95333°W / 21.36222; -157.95333
Dibangun:1944
Arsitek:New York Naval Shipyard
Pihak pengelola:Swasta
NRHP Reference#:71000877
Dimasukkan ke NRHP:14 Mei 1971

USS Missouri (BB-63) ("Mighty Mo" atau "Big Mo") adalah sebuah kapal tempur kelas Iowa milik Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat sekaligus kapal Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat ketiga yang dinamai negara bagian Angkatan Laut Amerika Serikat (Missouri).

Missouri adalah kapal tempur terakhir yang ditugaskan oleh Amerika Serikat dan merupakan tempat dari kapitulasi Kekaisaran Jepang pada akhir Perang Dunia II. Missouri mulai dipesan pada tahun 1940 dan ditugaskan pada bulan Juni 1944.

Di Teater Pasifik Perang Dunia II, ia berjuang dalam Pertempuran Iwo Jima dan Okinawa serta membombardir pulau-pulau rumah Jepang, serta terlibat dalam Perang Korea 1950-1953. Missouri menerima total 11 bintang tempur untuk jasanya dalam Perang Dunia II, Korea, dan Teluk Persia. Ia akhirnya dibebastugaskan pada tahun 1992. Namun, namanya tetap berada di daftar angkatan laut sampai pada bulan Januari 1995. Pada tahun 1998, dia disumbangkan ke Asosiasi Memorial USS Missouri dan menjadi kapal museum di Pearl Harbor, Hawaii.

Kultur populer[sunting | sunting sumber]

Galeri[sunting | sunting sumber]

Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]

Bacaan tambahan[sunting | sunting sumber]

  • Butler, John A. (1995). Strike Able-Peter: The Stranding and Salvage of the USS Missouri. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-094-0. 
  • Muir, Malcolm (1987). The Iowa Class Battleships. New York: Sterling Publishing Company. ISBN 0-8069-8338-8. 
  • Reilly, John C., Jr. (1989). Operational Experience of Fast Battleships: World War II, Korea, Vietnam. Washington DC: Naval Historical Center. ASIN B000KZP9LA. 
  • Sumrall, Robert F. (1988). Iowa Class Battleships: Their Design, Weapons, and Equipment. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 0-87021-298-2. 
  • Newell, Gordon. Mighty Mo: The Biography of the Last Battleship. Seattle, Washington: Superior Publishing Company. Library of Congress Catalogue Number 72-87802. 

Referensi[sunting | sunting sumber]

  1. ^ Wickman, Forest (21 May 2012). "Fact-Checking Battleship: Could We Really Revive the "Mighty Mo"?". Slate. Diakses tanggal 23 February 2015. 
  2. ^ Marks, Craig; Tannenbaum, Rob (2011). I want my MTV the uncensored story of the music video revolution. New York: Dutton. ISBN 978-1-101-52641-5. 

Pranala luar[sunting | sunting sumber]