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Kebijakan ras Jerman Nazi

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Eva Justin dari Unit Riset Biologi Demografi dan Kebersihan Ras mengukur tengkorak seorang wanita Romani.

Kebijakan ras Jerman Nazi adalah serangkaian kebijakan dahukum yang diberlakukan di Jerman Nazi (1933–45) berdasarkan pada doktrin rasis yang menjunjung superioritas ras Arya, yang diklaim sah secara saintifik. Ini dikombinasikan dengan program eugenik yang ditujukan untuk kebersihan ras dengan sterilisasi kompulsori dan eksterminasi orang-orang yang mereka anggap sebagai Untermenschen ("sub-manusia"), yang berujung pada Holocaust.

Kebijakan-kebijakan Nazi melabelkan para pemukim berabad-abad di kawasan Jerman yang bukan etnis Jerman seperti Yahudi (dimengerti dalam teori ras Nazi sebagai bangsa "Semitik" asal Syam), Romani (juga dikenal sebagai Gipsi, bangsa "Indo-Arya" asal Anak Benua India), bersama dengan sebagian besar Slavia (utamanya etnis Polandia, Serbia, Rusia dll), dan seluruh orang kulit berwarna lainnya (dengan beberapa pengecualian) sebagai sub-manusia non-Arya rendahan (contohnya non-Nordik, di bawah kesalahkaprahan Nazi dari istilah "Arya") dalam sebuah hierarki ras yang menempatkan Herrenvolk ("ras unggul") dari Volksgemeinschaft ("komunitas masyarakat") di bagian puncak.[1][2][3][4][5][6][7]

Lihat pula

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Referensi

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  1. ^ Operation Barbarossa: Ideology and Ethics against Human Dignity, by André Mineau, (Rodopi, 2004) page 180
  2. ^ The Czechs under Nazi Rule: The Failure of National Resistance, 1939–1942, Vojtěch Mastný, Columbia University Press [halaman dibutuhkan]
  3. ^ Hitler's Home Front: Wurttemberg Under the Nazis, Jill Stephenson p. 135, Other non-'Aryans' included Slavs, Blacks and Roma .
  4. ^ The Politics of Fertility in Twentieth-Century Berlin - Page 118 Annette F. Timm - 2010 The Nazis' singleminded desire to "purify" the German race through the elimination of non-Aryans (particularly Jews, Gypsies, and Slavs)
  5. ^ The Holocaust and History The Known, the Unknown, the Disputed, and the Reexamined Edited by Michael Berenbaum and Abraham J. Peck, Indiana University Press page 59 "Pseudoracial policy of Third Reich(...)Gypsies, Slavs, blacks, Mischlinge, and Jews are not Aryans."
  6. ^ Modern Genocide: The Definitive Resource and Document Collection Paul R. Bartrop, Steven Leonard Jacobs page 1160, "This strict dualism between the "racially pure" Aryans and all others—especially Jews and Slavs—led in Nazism to the radical outlawing of all "non-Aryans" and to their enslavement and attempted annihilation"
  7. ^ World Fascism: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1 Cyprian Blamires page 63 "the "racially pure" Aryans and all others—especially Jews and Slavs— led in Nazism to the radical outlawing of all "non-Aryans" and to their enslavement and attempted annihilation

Catatan kaki

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Bacaan tambahan

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  • Aly, Gotz, Susanne Heim. Architects of Annihilation: Auschwitz and the Logic of Destruction, London, Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2002, 514pp, ISBN 978-0-297-84278-1
  • Bauer, Yehuda. A History Of The Holocaust, New York: F. Watts, 1982 ISBN 0-531-09862-1.
  • Browning, Christopher. The Origins of the Final Solution: The Evolution of Nazi Jewish Policy, University of Nebraska Press, 2004, 616pp, ISBN 0-8032-1327-1
  • Ehrenreich, Eric. The Nazi Ancestral Proof: Genealogy, Racial Science, and the Final Solution. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press, 2007. ISBN 978-0-253-34945-3
  • Friedländer, Saul. Nazi Germany and the Jews Volume 1 The Years of Persecution, 1933–1939, New York: HarperCollins, 1997 ISBN 0-06-019042-6
  • Kühl, Stefan. The Nazi Connection: Eugenics, American Racism, and German National Socialism, Oxford University Press, 2002 ISBN 0-19-514978-5
  • Peukert, Detlev. Inside Nazi Germany: conformity, opposition and racism in everyday life London: Batsford, 1987 ISBN 0-7134-5217-X.
  • Proctor, Robert. Racial Hygiene: Medicine under the Nazis. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1988. ISBN 0-674-74578-7
  • Schafft, Gretchen E. From Racism to Genocide: Anthropology in the Third Reich. Urbana and Chicago: University of Illinois Press, 2004.ISBN 978-0-25207-453-0
  • Weindling, Paul. Health, Race and German Politics between National Unification and Nazism, 1870–1945. Cambridge University Press, 1989. ISBN 0-521-42397-X

Pranala luar

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