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{{Taxobox
| name = Kerinyu
| status = 
| status_system = 
| fossil_range = 
| image = Verbena rigida0.jpg
| image_caption = ''Verbena rigida'' 
| regnum = [[Plantae]]

| unranked_subregnum = [[Tumbuhan berpembuluh|Tracheophyta]]
| unranked_divisio = [[Tumbuhan berbunga|Angiospermae]]
| unranked_classis = [[Eudikotil]]
|  = 
| unranked_ordo = [[Asterid]]
| ordo = [[Lamiales]]
| subordo = 
| familia = [[Verbenaceae]]
| subfamilia = 
| tribus = 
| subtribus = 
| genus = '''''Verbena'''''
| species = 
| genus_authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]<ref name="GRIN">{{cite web |publisher=[[United States Department of Agriculture]] |work=Germplasm Resources Information Network |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/genus.pl?12680 |title=Genus: ''Verbena'' L. |date=2004-01-29 |access-date=2011-08-29}}</ref>
| subdivision_ranks = Spesies
| subdivision = Lihat teks
| range_map = 
| range_map_caption = 
| range_map_alt = 
|synonyms_ref = <ref name="330551-2" >{{cite web |url=http://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:330551-2 |title=''Verbena'' L. |author=<!--Not stated--> |website=Plants of the World Online |publisher=Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew |access-date=14 May 2021 }}</ref>
|synonyms = 
*''Aubletia'' <small>Le Monn. ex Rozier</small>
*''Billardiera'' <small>Moench</small>
*''Burseria'' <small>Loefl.</small>
*''Glandularia'' <small>J.F.Gmel.</small>
*''Helleranthus'' <small>Small</small>
*''Obletia'' <small>Rozier</small>
*''Patya'' <small>Neck.</small>
*''Shuttleworthia'' <small>Meisn.</small>
*''Styleurodon'' <small>Raf.</small>
*''Stylodon'' <small>Raf.</small>
*''Uwarowia'' <small>Bunge</small>
*''Verbenella'' <small>Spach</small>
|type_species = ''[[Verbena officinalis]]''
|type_species_authority = L.
}}

'''''Verbena''''' ({{IPAc-en|v|ər|ˈ|b|iː|n|ə}}),<ref>{{cite book |title=Western Garden Book |year=1995 |pages=606–07 |publisher=[[Sunset Books]]}}</ref> '''Vervain''',<ref>{{cite web | title=Amazing Benefits of Verveine Tea: Is This a Miracle Tea? | website=Tea Reviews | url= https://teareviews.co.uk/verveine/ | archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210613023616/https://teareviews.co.uk/verveine/ | access-date= 19 November 2022 | archive-date=2021-06-13 }}</ref> '''kerinyu''' atau juga dikenal dengan sebutan '''Bunga Verbena'''<ref>{{Cite web|last=Wisnu|first=Aditya|date=30 Juni 2022|title=Mengenal Bunga Verbena : Arti, Jenis, Makna, dan Cara Merawatnya|url=https://m.floweradvisor.co.id/blog/mengenal-bunga-verbena-arti-jenis-makna-dan-cara-merawatnya/|website=m.floweradvisor.co.id|language=id-ID|access-date=2023-06-07}}</ref> adalah genus tipe dalam famili [[Verbenaceae]]. Genus ini berisi sekitar 150 spesies tumbuhan berbunga herba atau semi-kayu. Sebagian besar spesiesnya berasal dari Amerika dan Asia, kecuali ''[[Verbena officinalis]]'' yang merupakan spesies asli dari Eropa. ''[[Verbena brasiliensis]]'' adalah salah satu jenis bunga kerinyu yang sangat invasif di gunung semeru.

== Deskripsi ==
Kerinyu adalah tumbuhan berbunga herba dalam famili Verbenaceae. Daunnya biasanya berseberangan, sederhana, dan pada banyak spesies berbulu, seringkali begitu lebat. Bunganya kecil, dengan lima kelopak, dan tumbuh dalam ujung runcing yang lebat. Warna bunganya biasanya berwarna biru, mungkin juga putih, merah muda, atau ungu, terutama pada [[kultivar]]nya.<ref>{{Cite web |date=2021-10-19 |title=Year of the Verbena |url=https://ngb.org/year-of-the-verbena/ |access-date=2022-06-22 |website=National Garden Bureau |language=en-US}}</ref>

== Kegunaan ==

Meski telah digunakan dalam pengobatan tradisional (biasanya sebagai tonik herbal) tidak ada bukti kualitas tinggi tentang keefektifannya.<ref name="drugs">{{cite web|title=Vervain|url=https://www.drugs.com/npp/vervain.html|publisher=Drugs.com|access-date=7 March 2018|date=2009}}</ref> Kerinyu telah terdaftar sebagai salah satu dari 38 tumbuhan yang digunakan untuk menyiapkan [[pengobatan bunga Bach]],<ref name="Vohra2004">{{cite book|author=D. S. Vohra|title=Bach Flower Remedies: A Comprehensive Study|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=icG8onA0ys8C&pg=PR3|access-date=2 September 2013|date=1 June 2004|publisher=B. Jain Publishers|isbn=978-81-7021-271-3|page=3}}</ref> sejenis [[pengobatan alternatif]] yang dipromosikan karena pengaruhnya terhadap kesehatan. [[Minyak atsiri]] dari berbagai spesiesnya, terutama verbena biasa diperdagangkan sebagai "minyak kerinyu Spanyol".<ref name=drugs/><ref>{{Cite web |title=Verbena |url=https://hyperleap.com/topic/Verbena |access-date=2022-06-22 |website=frontend |language=en}}</ref>.

Beberapa spesies, hibrida, dan kultivarnya biasa digunakan sebagai tanaman hias. Mereka tahan kekeringan, mentolerir sinar matahari penuh hingga sebagian, dan menikmati tanah rata-rata yang dikeringkan dengan baik. Tanaman biasanya ditanam dari biji. Beberapa spesies dan hibridannya tidak kuat dan diperlakukan sebagai tanaman semusim setengah keras dalam skema alas tidur.<ref>{{cite book |title=RHS A-Z encyclopedia of garden plants |url=https://archive.org/details/azencyclopediaof0000unse |year=2008 |publisher=Dorling Kindersley|location=United Kingdom|isbn=978-1405332965|page=1136}}</ref>

Anggota genusnya, terutama pada spesies ''[[Verbena officinalis]]'' yang juga termasuk [[Daftar tumbuhan madu|tumbuhan madu]] menarik serangga Lepidoptea menarik Lepidoptera seperti spesies ngengat ''[[Macroglossum stellatarum]]'', Kupu-kupu spesies ''[[Appias lyncida]]'' dan ''[[Battus philenor]]'', serta burung [[kolibri]].

== Daftar spesies<ref name="330551-2" /> ==

*''[[Verbena alata]]'' <small>Otto ex Sweet</small>
*''[[Verbena alejandrana]]'' <small>(B.L.Turner) Christenh. & Byng</small>
*''[[Verbena × allenii]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena amoena]]'' <small>Paxton</small>
*''[[Verbena andalgalensis]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena angustilobata]]'' <small>(Moldenke) Christenh. & Byng</small>
*''[[Verbena araucana]]'' <small>Phil.</small>
*''[[Verbena aristigera]]'' <small>S.Moore</small>
*''[[Verbena atacamensis]]'' <small>Reiche</small>
*''[[Verbena aurantiaca]]'' <small>Speg.</small>
*''[[Verbena bajacalifornica]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena balansae]]'' <small>Briq.</small>
*''[[Verbena barbata]]'' <small>Graham</small>
*''[[Verbena berteroi]]'' <small>(Meisn.) Schauer</small>
*''[[Verbena × bingenensis]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena bipinnatifida]]'' <small>Schauer</small>
*''[[Verbena × blanchardii]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena bonariensis]]'' <small>L.</small> 
*''[[Verbena brachyrhynchos]]'' <small>(G.L.Nesom & Vorobik) Christenh. & Byng</small>
*''[[Verbena bracteata]]'' <small>Cav. ex Lag. & Rodr.</small> 
*''[[Verbena brasiliensis]]'' <small>Vell.</small> 
*''[[Verbena cabrerae]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena californica]]'' <small>Moldenke</small> 
*''[[Verbena calinfera]]'' <small>G.L.Nesom</small>
*''[[Verbena canadensis]]'' <small>(L.) Britton</small>
*''[[Verbena canescens]]'' <small>Kunth</small> 
*''[[Verbena caniuensis]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena carnea]]'' <small>Medik.</small>
*''[[Verbena carolina]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Verbena catharinae]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena cheitmaniana]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena chiricahensis]]'' <small>(Umber) Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena × clemensiorum]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena cloverae]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena corymbosa]]'' <small>Ruiz & Pav.</small>
*''[[Verbena cuneifolia]]'' <small>Ruiz & Pav.</small>
*''[[Verbena dalloniana]]'' <small>Quézel</small>
*''[[Verbena × deamii]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena delicatula]]'' <small>Mart. & Zucc.</small>
*''[[Verbena delticola]]'' <small>Small ex Perry</small>
*''[[Verbena demissa]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena dissecta]]'' <small>Willd. ex Spreng.</small>
*''[[Verbena dusenii]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena ehrenbergiana]]'' <small>Schauer</small>
*''[[Verbena elegans]]'' <small>Kunth</small>
*''[[Verbena × engelmannii]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena ephedroides]]'' <small>Cham.</small>
*''[[Verbena falcata]]'' <small>G.L.Nesom</small>
*''[[Verbena filicaulis]]'' <small>Schauer</small>
*''[[Verbena flava]]'' <small>Gillies & Hook.</small>
*''[[Verbena glabrata]]'' <small>Kunth</small>
*''[[Verbena gooddingii]]'' <small>Briq.</small>
*''[[Verbena × goodmanii]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena goyazensis]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena gracilescens]]'' <small>(Cham.) Herter</small>
*''[[Verbena gracilis]]'' <small>Desf.</small>
*''[[Verbena grisea]]'' <small>B.L.Rob. & Greenm.</small>
*''[[Verbena guaibensis]]'' <small>(P.Peralta & V.Thode) Christenh. & Byng</small>
*''[[Verbena guaranitica]]'' <small>(Tronc.) Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena gynobasis]]'' <small>Wedd.</small>
*''[[Verbena halei]]'' <small>Small</small> 
*''[[Verbena hassleriana]]'' <small>Briq.</small>
*''[[Verbena hastata]]'' <small>L.</small> 
*''[[Verbena hatschbachii]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena herteri]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena hirta]]'' <small>Spreng.</small>
*''[[Verbena hispida]]'' <small>Ruiz & Pav.</small>
*''[[Verbena humifusa]]'' <small>Cham.</small>
*''[[Verbena × illicita]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena incompta]]'' <small>P.W.Michael</small>
*''[[Verbena intermedia]]'' <small>Gillies & Hook.</small>
*''[[Verbena jessicae]]'' <small>Nesom & G.S.Hinton</small>
*''[[Verbena jordanensis]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena kuntzeana]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena laciniata]]'' <small>(L.) Briq.</small>
*''[[Verbena landbeckii]]'' <small>Phil.</small>
*''[[Verbena lasiostachys]]'' <small>Link</small> 
*''[[Verbena lilacina]]'' <small>Greene</small>
*''[[Verbena lilloana]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena lindbergii]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena lindmanii]]'' <small>Briq.</small>
*''[[Verbena lipozygioides]]'' <small>Walp.</small>
*''[[Verbena litoralis]]'' <small>Kunth</small> 
*''[[Verbena livermorensis]]'' <small>B.L.Turner & G.L.Nesom</small>
*''[[Verbena lobata]]'' <small>Vell.</small>
*''[[Verbena macdougalii]]'' <small>A.Heller</small>
*''[[Verbena macrosperma]]'' <small>Speg.</small>
*''[[Verbena madrensis]]'' <small>G.L.Nesom</small>
*''[[Verbena malmii]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena malpaisana]]'' <small>(T.Van Devender & G.L.Nesom) Christenh. & Byng</small>
*''[[Verbena maritima]]'' <small>Small</small>
*''[[Verbena marrubioides]]'' <small>Cham.</small>
*''[[Verbena megapotamica]]'' <small>Spreng.</small>
*''[[Verbena mendocina]]'' <small>Phil.</small>
*''[[Verbena menthifolia]]'' <small>Benth.</small> 
*''[[Verbena microphylla]]'' <small>Kunth</small>
*''[[Verbena moctezumae]]'' <small>G.L.Nesom & T.Van Devender</small>
*''[[Verbena × moechina]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena montevidensis]]'' <small>Spreng.</small> 
*''[[Verbena moranii]]'' <small>G.L.Nesom</small>
*''[[Verbena multiglandulosa]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena nana]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena neomexicana]]'' <small>(A.Gray) Briq.</small> 
*''[[Verbena officinalis]]'' <small>L.</small> 
*''[[Verbena × ostenii]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena ovata]]'' <small>Cham.</small>
*''[[Verbena paraguariensis]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena paranensis]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena parodii]]'' <small>(Covas & Schnack) Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena paulensis]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena perennis]]'' <small>Wooton</small> 
*''[[Verbena × perriana]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena × perturbata]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena peruviana]]'' <small>(L.) Britton</small>
*''[[Verbena phlogiflora]]'' <small>Cham.</small>
*''[[Verbena pinetorum]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena platensis]]'' <small>Spreng.</small>
*''[[Verbena plicata]]'' <small>Greene</small>
*''[[Verbena polyantha]]'' <small>(Umber) Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena porrigens]]'' <small>Phil.</small>
*''[[Verbena pumila]]'' <small>Rydb.</small>
*''[[Verbena quadrangulata]]'' <small>A.Heller</small>
*''[[Verbena racemosa]]'' <small>Eggert</small>
*''[[Verbena radicata]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena recta]]'' <small>Kunth</small>
*''[[Verbena rectiloba]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena regnelliana]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena reitzii]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena ribifolia]]'' <small>Walp.</small>
*''[[Verbena rigida]]'' <small>Spreng.</small> 
*''[[Verbena rugosa]]'' <small>Mill.</small>
*''[[Verbena × rydbergii]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena sagittalis]]'' <small>Cham.</small>
*''[[Verbena santiaguensis]]'' <small>(Covas & Schnack) Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena scabra]]'' <small>Vahl</small> 
*''[[Verbena scabrella]]'' <small>Sessé & Moc.</small>
*''[[Verbena scrobiculata]]'' <small>Griseb.</small>
*''[[Verbena selloi]]'' <small>Spreng.</small>
*''[[Verbena sessilis]]'' <small>(Cham.) Kuntze</small>
*''[[Verbena simplex]]'' <small>Lehm.</small> 
*''[[Verbena sphaerocarpa]]'' <small>L.M.Perry</small>
*''[[Verbena stellarioides]]'' <small>Cham.</small>
*''[[Verbena stricta]]'' <small>Vent.</small> 
*''[[Verbena strigosa]]'' <small>Cham.</small>
*''[[Verbena × stuprosa]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena subincana]]'' <small>(Tronc.) Shinners</small>
*''[[Verbena sulphurea]]'' <small>D.Don</small>
*''[[Verbena supina]]'' <small>L.</small>
*''[[Verbena tampensis]]'' <small>Nash</small>
*''[[Verbena tecticaulis]]'' <small>Tronc.</small>
*''[[Verbena tenera]]'' <small>Spreng.</small>
*''[[Verbena teucriifolia]]'' <small>M.Martens & Galeotti</small>
*''[[Verbena thymoides]]'' <small>Cham.</small>
*''[[Verbena tomophylla]]'' <small>Briq.</small>
*''[[Verbena townsendii]]'' <small>Svenson</small>
*''[[Verbena tumidula]]'' <small>L.M.Perry</small>
*''[[Verbena turneri]]'' <small>(G.L.Nesom) Christenh. & Byng</small>
*''[[Verbena tweedieana]]'' <small>Niven ex Hook.</small>
*''[[Verbena urticifolia]]'' <small>L.</small> 
*''[[Verbena × uruguayensis]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena valerianoides]]'' <small>Kunth</small>
*''[[Verbena venturii]]'' <small>Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena verecunda]]'' <small>(Umber) Moldenke</small>
*''[[Verbena villifolia]]'' <small>Hayek</small>
*''[[Verbena xutha]]'' <small>Lehm.</small>

== Referensi ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Kategori:Verbena]]
[[Kategori:Verbenaceae]]
[[Kategori:Tanaman hias]]