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''Imperium in imperio'' merupakan [[motto negara bagian]] pertama [[Ohio]]. Motto tersebut mencerminkan ukuran dan pengaruh Ohio yang besar ketika [[Amerika Serikat]] baru berdiri. Motto ini tidak populer dan diganti dua tahun kemudian.<ref name="OHHist seal">{{cite journal|title=Great Seal of Ohio|journal=[[Ohio History]]|volume=10|pages=392–393|url=http://publications.ohiohistory.org/ohstemplate.cfm?action=detail&Page=0010392.html&StartPage=388&EndPage=394&volume=10}}</ref><ref name="Knabenshue">{{cite journal|title=The Great Seal of Ohio|first=S. S.|last=Knabenshue|journal=[[Ohio History]] |volume=10|pages=489–490|url=http://publications.ohiohistory.org/ohstemplate.cfm?action=detail&Page=0010489.html&StartPage=489&EndPage=491&volume=10}}</ref>
''Imperium in imperio'' merupakan [[motto negara bagian]] pertama [[Ohio]]. Motto tersebut mencerminkan ukuran dan pengaruh Ohio yang besar ketika [[Amerika Serikat]] baru berdiri. Motto ini tidak populer dan diganti dua tahun kemudian.<ref name="OHHist seal">{{cite journal|title=Great Seal of Ohio|journal=[[Ohio History]]|volume=10|pages=392–393|url=http://publications.ohiohistory.org/ohstemplate.cfm?action=detail&Page=0010392.html&StartPage=388&EndPage=394&volume=10}}</ref><ref name="Knabenshue">{{cite journal|title=The Great Seal of Ohio|first=S. S.|last=Knabenshue|journal=[[Ohio History]] |volume=10|pages=489–490|url=http://publications.ohiohistory.org/ohstemplate.cfm?action=detail&Page=0010489.html&StartPage=489&EndPage=491&volume=10}}</ref>


==Dugaan "negara di dalam negara”==
== Dugaan "negara di dalam negara” ==
* [[Departemen Intelijen dan Keamanan]] di [[Aljazair]]
*[[Algeria]]'s [[Department of Intelligence and Security]]
*[[British Guiana]]'s [[Booker-McConnell]]
* [[Booker-McConnell]] di [[Guiana Britania]]
*[[Cameroon]]'s [[Cameroon Development Corporation]]
* [[Cameroon Development Corporation]] di [[Kamerun]]
*[[Egypt]]'s [[Muslim Brotherhood]]
* [[Ikhwanul Muslimin]] di [[Mesir]]
* [[Dewan Tertinggi Angkatan Bersenjata]] di Mesir
*[[Egypt]]'s [[Supreme Council of the Armed Forces]]
* [[Angkatan Darat Spanyol#Sejarah|Pasukan militer]] di [[Spanyol Francois]]
*[[Francoist Spain]]'s [[Spanish army#History|military forces]]
* [[Zollverein]] di [[Konfederasi Jerman]]
*[[German Confederation]]'s [[Zollverein]]
*[[German Empire]]'s [[Deutsches Heer]]
* [[Deutsches Heer]] di [[Kekaisaran Jerman]]
*[[Guatemala]]'s [[United Fruit Company]]
* [[United Fruit Company]] di [[Guatemala]]
*[[Honduras]]'s [[United Fruit Company]]
* United Fruit Company di [[Honduras]]
* [[Angkatan Darat Kekaisaran Jepang|Angkatan Darat]] dan [[Tentara Kwantung]] di [[Kekaisaran Jepang]]
*[[Imperial Japan]]'s [[Imperial Japanese Army|Army]] and the [[Kwantung Army]]
*[[Iran]]'s [[IRGC]]
* [[IRGC]] di Iran
*[[Iran]]'s [[SAVAK]]
* [[SAVAK]] di Iran
*[[Italy]]'s [[Propaganda Due]]<ref name=bbc260581>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/may/26/newsid_4396000/4396893.stm BBC On This Day: May 26, 1981]</ref>
* [[Propaganda Due]] di [[Italia]]<ref name=bbc260581>[http://news.bbc.co.uk/onthisday/hi/dates/stories/may/26/newsid_4396000/4396893.stm BBC On This Day: May 26, 1981]</ref>
*[[Ivan the Terrible]]'s [[Oprichnina]]
* [[Oprichnina]] oleh [[Ivan yang Ganas]]
*[[Lebanon]]'s [[PLO in Lebanon|PLO]]
* [[PLO di Lebanon|PLO]] di [[Lebanon]]
*[[Lebanon]]'s [[Hezbollah]]
* [[Hezbollah]] di Lebanon
*[[Nazi Germany]]'s [[Schutzstaffel]]
* [[Schutzstaffel]] di [[Jerman Nazi]]
*[[Nazi Germany]]'s [[Wehrmacht]]
* [[Wehrmacht]] di Jerman Nazi
*[[North Vietnam]]'s [[Viet Cong]]
* [[Viet Cong]] di [[Vietnam Utara]]
* [[Komite Persatuan dan Kemajuan]] di [[Kesultanan Utsmaniyah]]
*[[Ottoman Empire]]'s [[Committee of Union and Progress]]
* [[Yanisari]] di Kesultanan Utsmaniyah
*[[Ottoman Empire]]'s [[Janissaries]]
* [[Masyarakat Karakol]] di Kesultanan Utsmaniyah
*[[Ottoman Empire]]'s [[Karakol society]]
* [[Turki Muda]] di Kesultanan Utsmaniyah
*[[Ottoman Empire]]'s [[Young Turks]]
*[[Pakistan]]'s [[Inter-Services Intelligence]]<ref>[http://www.rferl.org/content/Who_Controls_Pakistans_Powerful_ISI/1191046.html Who Controls Pakistan's Powerful ISI?], ''[[Radio Free Europe]]'', August 14, 2008</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title = Pakistan's shadowy secret service, the ISI|publisher = [[BBC News]]|date = 3 May 2011|url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-13272009}}</ref>
* [[Inter-Services Intelligence]] di [[Pakistan]]<ref>[http://www.rferl.org/content/Who_Controls_Pakistans_Powerful_ISI/1191046.html Who Controls Pakistan's Powerful ISI?], ''[[Radio Free Europe]]'', August 14, 2008</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title = Pakistan's shadowy secret service, the ISI|publisher = [[BBC News]]|date = 3 May 2011|url = http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-south-asia-13272009}}</ref>
*[[PDVSA]] in pre-[[Hugo Chávez|Chávez]] [[Venezuela]]
* [[PDVSA]] di [[Venezuela]] pra-[[Hugo Chávez|Chávez]]
*[[Philippines]]' [[Iglesia ni Cristo]]
* [[Iglesia ni Cristo]] di [[Filipina]]
* [[Qizilbash]] di [[Dinasti Safawiyah|Iran Safawiyah]]
*[[Safavid Persia]]'s [[Qizilbash]]
*[[South Vietnam]]'s [[ARVN]]
* [[ARVN]] di [[Vietnam Selatan]]
*[[Soviet Union]]'s [[KGB]]
* [[KGB]] di [[Uni Soviet]]
* [[Negara dalam|Negara Dalam]] di [[Turki]]
*[[Turkey]]'s [[Deep state|Deep State]]
**[[Counter-Guerrilla]]
** [[Counter-Guerrilla]]
**[[Ergenekon (organization)|Ergenekon]]
** [[Ergenekon (organisasi)|Ergenekon]]
**[[Grey Wolves (organization)|Grey Wolves]]
** [[Grey Wolves (organisasi)|Grey Wolves]]
**[[JİTEM]]
** [[JİTEM]]
**[[Special Forces Command]] (ex [[Special Warfare Department]])
** [[Komando Pasukan Khas]] (sebelumnya [[Departemen Perang Khas]])
**[[Tactical Mobilization Group]]
** [[Grup Mobilisasi Taktis]]
*[[United States]]'s [[CIA]]
* [[CIA]] di [[Amerika Serikat]]
* [[Kompleks industri–militer]] di Amerika Serikat
*[[United States]]'s [[military–industrial complex]]
* [[NSA]] di Amerika Serikat
*[[United States]]'s [[NSA]]
*[[United States]]'s [[United States Intelligence Community|Intelligence Community]]<ref name="Deep State">{{Cite book |title=Deep State: Inside the Government Secrecy Industry |first1=Marc |last1=Ambinder |first2=D.B. |last2=Grady |publisher=Wiley |year=2013 |isbn=978-1118146682 }}</ref><ref name="Top Secret America">{{Cite book |title=Top Secret America: The Rise of the New American Security State |first1=Dana |last1=Priest |first2=William M. |last2=Arkin |publisher=Little, Brown and Company |year=2011 |isbn=0316182214 |laysummary=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/john-tirman/nsa-deep-state_b_3569316.html |laysource=The Quiet Coup: No, Not Egypt. Here. |laydate=07/09/2013 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |title=The State, the Deep State, and the Wall Street Overworld |journal=The Asia-Pacific Journal |volume=12 |issue=10, No. 5 |date=March 10, 2014 |first=Peter Dale |last=Scott |authorlink=Peter Dale Scott |url=http://www.japanfocus.org/-Peter_Dale-Scott/4090 }}</ref>
* [[United States Intelligence Community|Intelligence Community]] di Amerika Serikat<ref name="Deep State">{{Cite book|title=Deep State: Inside the Government Secrecy Industry|url=https://archive.org/details/deepstateinsideg0000ambi|first1=Marc|last1=Ambinder|first2=D.B.|last2=Grady|publisher=Wiley|year=2013|isbn=978-1118146682 }}</ref><ref name="Top Secret America">{{Cite book|title=Top Secret America: The Rise of the New American Security State|url=https://archive.org/details/topsecretamerica0000prie|first1=Dana|last1=Priest|first2=William M.|last2=Arkin|publisher=Little, Brown and Company|year=2011|isbn=0316182214|laysummary=http://www.huffingtonpost.com/john-tirman/nsa-deep-state_b_3569316.html|laysource=The Quiet Coup: No, Not Egypt. Here.|laydate=07/09/2013 }}</ref><ref>{{Cite journal |title=The State, the Deep State, and the Wall Street Overworld |journal=The Asia-Pacific Journal |volume=12 |issue=10, No. 5 |date=March 10, 2014 |first=Peter Dale |last=Scott |authorlink=Peter Dale Scott |url=http://www.japanfocus.org/-Peter_Dale-Scott/4090 }}</ref>
*[[Weimar Republic]]'s [[Reichswehr]]
* [[Reichswehr]] di [[Republik Weimar]]


==Lihat pula==
== Lihat pula ==
*[[Kendali militer oleh sipil]]
* [[Kendali militer oleh sipil]]
*[[Kolom kelima]]
* [[Kolom kelima]]
*[[Monopoli penggunaan sah paksaan fisik]]
* [[Monopoli penggunaan sah paksaan fisik]]


==Referensi==
== Referensi ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


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Revisi terkini sejak 25 Mei 2022 14.55

Untuk negara berdaulat yang wilayahnya dikelilingi negara berdaulat lain, lihat Enklave dan eksklave.
"Negara Dalam" beralih ke halaman ini. Untuk sistem Turki, lihat Negara dalam.

Negara di dalam negara adalah situasi politik di dalam sebuah negara ketika organ internalnya ("Negara Dalam") seperti angkatan bersenjata, badan intelijen, atau kepolisian tidak mengakui kepemimpinan sipil. Istilah ini berasal dari bahasa Yunani (κράτος εν κράτει, kratos en kratei, kemudian diterjemahkan ke Latin menjadi imperium in imperio[1] atau status in statu).

Istilah ini juga mengacu pada perusahaan milik pemerintah yang bertindak secara de facto layaknya perusahaan swasta, padahal berada di bawah kendali pemerintah. Selain itu, istilah ini mengacu pada perusahaan-perusahaan swasta yang bertindak secara de facto layaknya "negara di dalam negara".[2]

Perdebatan politik terkait pemisahan agama dan negara muncul dari anggapan bahwa apabila agama dibiarkan begitu saja, agama bisa berubah menjadi negara di dalam negara dan secara tidak sah melampaui kekuasaan sipil alamiah yang dipegang negara.[3]

Imperium in imperio merupakan motto negara bagian pertama Ohio. Motto tersebut mencerminkan ukuran dan pengaruh Ohio yang besar ketika Amerika Serikat baru berdiri. Motto ini tidak populer dan diganti dua tahun kemudian.[4][5]

Dugaan "negara di dalam negara”

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Lihat pula

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Referensi

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  1. ^ from Baruch Spinoza: Tractatus politicus, Caput II, § 6.
  2. ^ Daniel De Leon: "Imperium in imperio" in: Daily People, June 4, 1903.
  3. ^ Cf William Blackstone, Commentaries on the Laws of England, IV, c.4 ss. iii.2, p. *54, where the charge of being imperium in imperio was notably levied against the Church
  4. ^ "Great Seal of Ohio". Ohio History. 10: 392–393. 
  5. ^ Knabenshue, S. S. "The Great Seal of Ohio". Ohio History. 10: 489–490. 
  6. ^ BBC On This Day: May 26, 1981
  7. ^ Who Controls Pakistan's Powerful ISI?, Radio Free Europe, August 14, 2008
  8. ^ "Pakistan's shadowy secret service, the ISI". BBC News. 3 May 2011. 
  9. ^ Ambinder, Marc; Grady, D.B. (2013). Deep State: Inside the Government Secrecy Industry. Wiley. ISBN 978-1118146682. 
  10. ^ Priest, Dana; Arkin, William M. (2011). Top Secret America: The Rise of the New American Security State. Little, Brown and Company. ISBN 0316182214. Ringkasan – The Quiet Coup: No, Not Egypt. Here. (07/09/2013). 
  11. ^ Scott, Peter Dale (March 10, 2014). "The State, the Deep State, and the Wall Street Overworld". The Asia-Pacific Journal. 12 (10, No. 5). 
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