Rumpun bahasa Iran Barat: Perbedaan antara revisi

Penggolongan bahasa
	Indo-Eropa Indo-Iran Iran Iran Barat Iran Barat Laut; Iran Barat Daya; ; ; ; ;

Rumpun bahasa
Iran Barat
Rumpun bahasaIran Barat
Persebaran	Asia Barat, Asia Tengah, Pegunungan Kaukasus, dan Asia Selatan bagian barat
Penggolongan bahasa
Penggolongan bahasa
	Indo-Eropa Indo-Iran Iran Iran Barat Iran Barat Laut; Iran Barat Daya; ; ; ; ;
Kode bahasa
Glottolog	west2794
	Portal Bahasa
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Revisi per 21 Oktober 2022 10.51

Rumpun bahasa Iran Barat adalah cabang dari rumpun bahasa Iran, memiliki bukti tertulis tertua pada abad ke-6 SM dalam bahasa Persia Kuno dan Media.

Klasifikasi

Cabang tradisional Barat Laut adalah kesepakatan untuk bahasa-bahasa non-Barat Daya, bukan secara kaidah linguistik. Bahasa-bahasa tersebut adalah sebagai berikut:^[1]^[2]

Iran Kuno

Barat Daya: Persia Kuno†
Barat Laut: Media†

Iran Pertengahan

Barat Daya: Persia Petengahan†
Barat Laut: Parthia†

Iran Baru

Barat Laut I (Kurdik)
- Kurdi
  - Kurdi Utara (Kurmanji)
  - Kurdi Soran (Sorani)
  - Kurdi Selatan
  - Laki
- Zaza–Gorani
  - Zazaki (dialek: Kirmanjki, Dimli)
  - Gorani (dialek: Hawrami, Bajelan)
  - Shabaki
Barat Laut II
- Baluchi: Baluchi (dialek: Koroshi
- Kavir
- Tatik
  - Talysh
  - Tati/Azari: Azari†, Harzandi, Karingani, Kho'ini, Khalkhal, Taromi Hulu, Rudbari, Tati Selatan, Eshtehardi, bahasa-bahasa Qazvin
  - ? (Talysh? Tati?): Gozarkhani, Kajali, Koresh-e Rostam, Maraghei, Razajerdi, Shahrudi
  - Tafresh (transisional): Ashtiani (Amora’i, Kahaki), Vafsi, Alviri-Vidari (Alviri, Vidari), ?Hamadani Yahudi
  - Tengah / Plato Tengah (Kermanik)^[3]
    - Barat Laut: Khunsari, Mahallati, Vanishani, Golpaygani Yahudi
    - Barat Daya: Gazi, Sedehi, Ardestani, Nohuji, Sajzi, Jarquya’i, Rudashti, Kafrudi, Kafruni, Esfahan Yahudi
    - Timur Laut: Arani, Bidgoli, Delijani, Nashalji, Abuzaydabadi, Qohrudi, Badrudi, Kamu’i, Jowshaqani, Meyma’i, Abyana’i, Soi, Badi, Natanzi, Kasha’i, Tari, Tarqi, Kashani Yahudi
    - Tenggara: Zoroaster Dari, Nayini, Zefra’i, Varzenei, Tudeshki, Keyjani, Abchuya’i

Semnani:^[4] Semnan, Sangsari, Lasgerdi-Sorkhei (termasuk Aftari)
Kaspian: Gilaki (termasuk Taleqani), Mazandaran, Gorgani†, ?Deilami
Barat Daya
- Persia (dialek: Persia Iran, Persia Afgan (Madaglashti), Persia Tajik, Persia Hazara, Aimaq, Sistani, Persia Pahlavani†, Persia Yahudi, Persia Bukhara, Persia Tat Muslim/Kristen, Persia Tat Yahudi,
- Perside
  - Khuzestani-Shushtari dan Dezfuli
  - Luri (dialek: Luri, Mamasani, Kohkiluyeh, Bakhtiari)
  - Sivandi
  - Baahsa Fars Barat Laut
  - Kuhmareyi (incl. Davani)
- Achomi–Teluk
  - Achomi (Larestani), Shirazi Yahudi
  - Teluk: Bashkardi, Kumzari, Bandari, Minabi
  - Kerman^[5]

Bahasa yang digunakan suku Khalaj diklaim termasuk bagian dari rumpun ini, tetapi tidak ada; suku Khalaj menuturkan suatu bahasa Turkik.

Bahasa-bahasa Iran Tengah sebenarnya diklasifikasi secara geografis, bukan linguistik. Sebagian besar bahasa-bahasa itu dituturkan di Markazi dan Isfahan. Namun, kebanyakan generasi muda menuturkan bahasa Persia.^[3]

Lihat pula

Rumpun bahasa Iran Timur

Referensi

Catatan kaki

^ Gernot Windfuhr, 2009, "Dialectology and Topics", The Iranian Languages, Routledge, pp. 12–15.
^ Languages preceded by question marks, and many of the varieties of Persian, are from other sources. The dialects of the Central Plateau are from the source provided there.
^ ^a ^b Central dialects, Gernot Windfuhr, Encyclopedia Iranica
^ Glottolog changed the designation of this language family from "Semnanic" (https://glottolog.org/files/glottolog-2.7/semn1240.htmt^{[pranala nonaktif permanen]}) to "Komisenian"(https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/komi1276). This designation has been also adopted by Wiktionary (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Komisenian_languages)
^ Borjian, Habib, “Kerman Languages”, Encyclopaedia Iranica. Volume 16, Issue 3, 2017, pp. 301-315. [1]

Daftar pustaka

Compendium Linguarum Iranicarum, ed. Rüdiger Schmitt. Wiesbaden: L. Reichert Verlag, 1989; p. 99.

Bacaan lebih lanjut

"Contact and the diversity of noun-noun subordination strategies among Western Iranic languages" (PDF). Nicholas Kontovas, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, Indiana, USA.
Hanaway Jr, William L. "Persian and West Iranic: History and State of Research: Part One: Persian Grammar.[Trends in Linguistics: State-of-the-Art Reports, No. 12]." (1982): 56-58.

[1] Gernot Windfuhr, 2009, "Dialectology and Topics", The Iranian Languages, Routledge, pp. 12–15.

[2] Languages preceded by question marks, and many of the varieties of Persian, are from other sources. The dialects of the Central Plateau are from the source provided there.

[Central-3] Central dialects, Gernot Windfuhr, Encyclopedia Iranica

[4] Glottolog changed the designation of this language family from "Semnanic" (https://glottolog.org/files/glottolog-2.7/semn1240.htmt^{[pranala nonaktif permanen]}) to "Komisenian"(https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/komi1276). This designation has been also adopted by Wiktionary (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Komisenian_languages)

[5] Borjian, Habib, “Kerman Languages”, Encyclopaedia Iranica. Volume 16, Issue 3, 2017, pp. 301-315. [1]

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

@@ Baris 24: / Baris 24: @@
 ;Iran Pertengahan
 * Barat Daya: [[Bahasa Persia Pertengahan|Persia Petengahan]]†
-** [[Bahasa Achomi]]
 * Barat Laut: [[Bahasa Parthia|Parthia]]†
 ;Iran Baru
 {{anchor|Northwestern|Northwestern Iranian}}
@@ Baris 38: / Baris 38: @@
 *** [[Bahasa Gorani|Gorani]] (dialek: Hawrami, Bajelan)
 *** [[Bahasa Shabaki|Shabaki]]
-* Barat Laut II (Baluchik)
+* Barat Laut II
 **{{anchor|Balochi}}Baluchi: [[Bahasa Baluchi|Baluchi]] (dialek: [[Bahasa Koroshi|Koroshi]]
 ** [[Bahasa Kavir|Kavir]]
 ** Tatik
+***{{anchor|Talysh}}[[Bahasa Talysh|Talysh]]
+*** Tati/Azari: [[Bahasa Adhari|Azari]]†, [[Bahasa Harzandi|Harzandi]], [[Bahasa Karingani|Karingani]], [[Bahasa Khoeini|Kho'ini]], [[Bahasa Khalkhal|Khalkhal]], [[Bahasa Taromi Hulu|Taromi Hulu]], [[Bahasa Rudbari|Rudbari]], [[Bahasa Tati Selatan|Tati Selatan]], [[Bahasa Eshtehardi|Eshtehardi]], bahasa-bahasa Qazvin
+*** ? (Talysh? Tati?): [[Bahasa Gozarkhani|Gozarkhani]], [[Bahasa Kajali|Kajali]], [[Bahasa Koresh-e Rostam|Koresh-e Rostam]], [[Bahasa Maraghei|Maraghei]], [[Bahasa Razajerdi|Razajerdi]], [[Bahasa Shahrudi|Shahrudi]]
+*** Tafresh (transisional): [[Bahasa Ashtiani|Ashtiani]] (Amora’i, Kahaki), [[Bahasa Vafsi|Vafsi]], [[Bahasa Alviri-Vidari|Alviri-Vidari]] (Alviri, Vidari), ?[[Bahasa Hamadani Yahudi|Hamadani Yahudi]]
+*** Tengah / Plato Tengah (Kermanik)<ref name=Central/>
+**** Barat Laut:  [[Bahasa Khunsari|Khunsari]], Mahallati, Vanishani, Golpaygani Yahudi
+**** Barat Daya: [[Bahasa Gazi|Gazi]], Sedehi, Ardestani, Nohuji, Sajzi, Jarquya’i, Rudashti, Kafrudi, Kafruni, Esfahan Yahudi
+**** Timur Laut: Arani, Bidgoli, Delijani, Nashalji, [[Bahasa Abuzaydabadi|Abuzaydabadi]], Qohrudi, Badrudi, Kamu’i, Jowshaqani, Meyma’i, Abyana’i, [[Bahasa Soi|Soi]], Badi, [[Bahasa Natanzi|Natanzi]], Kasha’i, Tari, Tarqi, Kashani Yahudi
+**** Tenggara: [[Bahasa Zoroaster Dari|Zoroaster Dari]], [[Bahasa Nayini|Nayini]], Zefra’i, Varzenei, Tudeshki, Keyjani, Abchuya’i
+{{anchor|Southwestern|Southwestern Iranian}}
+*[[Rumpun bahasa Semnani|Semnani]]:<ref>[[Glottolog]] changed the designation of this language family from "Semnanic" (https://glottolog.org/files/glottolog-2.7/semn1240.htmt{{Pranala mati|date=Oktober 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }}) to "Komisenian"(https://glottolog.org/resource/languoid/id/komi1276). This designation has been also adopted by [[Wiktionary]] (https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Komisenian_languages)</ref> [[Bahasa Semnan|Semnan]], [[Bahasa Sangsari|Sangsari]], [[Bahasa Lasgerdi|Lasgerdi]]-[[Bahasa Sorkhei|Sorkhei]] (termasuk Aftari)
+* [[Rumpun bahasa Kaspia|Kaspian]]: [[Bahasa Gilaki|Gilaki]] (termasuk Taleqani), [[Bahasa Mazandaran|Mazandaran]], [[Bahasa Gorgani|Gorgani]]†, ?[[Bahasa Deilami|Deilami]]
+* Barat Daya
+**[[Bahasa Persia|Persia]] (dialek: [[Bahasa Persia Iran|Persia Iran]], [[Bahasa Persia Afganistan|Persia Afgan]] (Madaglashti), [[Bahasa Tajik|Persia Tajik]], [[Bahasa Persia Hazara|Persia Hazara]], [[Bahasa Persia Aimaq|Aimaq]], [[Bahasa Persia Sistani|Sistani]], [[Bahasa Persia Pahlavani|Persia Pahlavani]]†, [[Bahasa Persia Yahudi|Persia Yahudi]], [[Bahasa Persia Bukhara|Persia Bukhara]], [[Bahasa Persia Tat|Persia Tat Muslim/Kristen]], [[Bahasa Persia Tat Yahudi|Persia Tat Yahudi]],
+** Perside
+*** [[Bahasa Khuzestani|Khuzestani]]-[[Bahasa Shushtari|Shushtari]] dan [[Bahasa Dezfuli|Dezfuli]]
+*** [[Bahasa Lori|Luri]] (dialek: Luri, Mamasani, Kohkiluyeh, [[Bahasa Bakhtiari|Bakhtiari]])
+*** [[Bahasa Sivandi|Sivandi]]
+*** [[Baahsa Fars Barat Laut]]
+*** [[Bahasa Kuhmareyi|Kuhmareyi]] (incl. Davani)
+** Achomi–Teluk
+*** [[Bahasa Achomi|Achomi]] (Larestani), [[Bahasa Shirazi Yahudi|Shirazi Yahudi]]
+*** Teluk: [[Bahasa Bashkardi|Bashkardi]], [[Bahasa Kumzari|Kumzari]], Bandari, Minabi
+*** Kerman<ref> Borjian, Habib, “Kerman Languages”, Encyclopaedia Iranica. Volume 16, Issue 3, 2017, pp. 301-315.
+[https://www.academia.edu/24297004/Kermans_Languages_1._Persian_2._Garmsiri_Language_type_] </ref>
+Bahasa yang digunakan suku [[Suku Khalaj|Khalaj]] diklaim termasuk bagian dari rumpun ini, tetapi tidak ada; suku Khalaj menuturkan [[Bahasa Khalaj|suatu bahasa Turkik]].
+Bahasa-bahasa Iran Tengah sebenarnya diklasifikasi secara geografis, bukan linguistik. Sebagian besar bahasa-bahasa itu dituturkan di [[Provinsi Markazi|Markazi]] dan [[Provinsi Isfahan|Isfahan]]. Namun, kebanyakan generasi muda menuturkan [[bahasa Persia]].<ref name=Central>[http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/central-dialects Central dialects], Gernot Windfuhr, Encyclopedia Iranica</ref>
 == Lihat pula ==