Arbitrase kerja global: Perbedaan antara revisi

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Revisi terkini sejak 6 Juni 2023 00.29

Arbitrase kerja global adalah fenomena ekonomi berupa perpindahan lapangan pekerjaan ke negara-negara yang biaya operasinya (seperti peraturan lingkungan) lebih murah dan/atau perpindahan tenaga kerja miskin ke negara-negara yang bersedia membayar upah tinggi karena hilangnya hambatan perdagangan internasional.^[1]^[2]

Dua hambatan terbesar bagi perdagangan internasional adalah tarif (bersifat politis) dan biaya distribusi barang lintas lautan. Seiring berkembangnya teknologi Internet, penurunan biaya telekomunikasi, dan kecanggihan transfer dokumen, hambatan terhadap hasil karya intelektual (karya apapun yang dibuat menggunakan komputer atau memerlukan gelar sarjana) perlahan menghilang.

Sebuah negara yang makmur (seperti Amerika Serikat) biasanya menghapus hambatan perdagangan internasionalnya dan mengintegrasikan pasar kerjanya dengan negara-negara yang biaya kerjanya rendah (seperti India, Tiongkok, dan Meksiko) sehingga lapangan pekerjaan pindah dari negara makmur ke negara berkembang. Hasil akhirnya berupa peningkatan suplai tenaga kerja mengikuti permintaan tenaga kerja sehingga biayanya semakin turun.

Lihat pula

Catatan kaki

^ Paul Craig Roberts (07/28/04)."Global Labor Arbitrage" Diarsipkan 2011-07-19 di Wayback Machine.. VDARE.
^ The "global labor arbitrage" phenomenon has been described by economist Stephen S. Roach. See Mike Whitney, "Labor arbitrage," Entrepreneur, June 2006.

Pranala luar

Second Thoughts on Free Trade Diarsipkan 2011-07-19 di Wayback Machine. by Senator Charles Schumer and Paul Craig Roberts
Debunking the Myth of a Desperate Software Labor Shortage Diarsipkan 2011-01-26 di Wayback Machine.
No Jobs for the New Economy or the Old Diarsipkan 2011-07-19 di Wayback Machine.
Subprime Nation Diarsipkan 2011-07-19 di Wayback Machine. by Patrick J. Buchanan makes mention of how trade deficit dollars are being used to purchase American-owned assets.

[laborarbitrage-1] Paul Craig Roberts (07/28/04)."Global Labor Arbitrage" Diarsipkan 2011-07-19 di Wayback Machine.. VDARE.

[Whitney-2] The "global labor arbitrage" phenomenon has been described by economist Stephen S. Roach. See Mike Whitney, "Labor arbitrage," Entrepreneur, June 2006.

[1]

[2]

@@ Baris 1: / Baris 1: @@
-'''Arbitrase kerja global''' adalah fenomena ekonomi berupa perpindahan lapangan pekerjaan ke negara-negara yang biaya operasinya (seperti [[hukum lingkungan|peraturan lingkungan]]) lebih murah dan/atau perpindahan tenaga kerja miskin ke negara-negara yang bersedia membayar upah tinggi karena hilangnya [[hambatan perdagangan|hambatan]] [[perdagangan internasional]].<ref name=laborarbitrage>Paul Craig Roberts (07/28/04).[http://vdare.com/roberts/labor_arbitrage.htm "Global Labor Arbitrage"]. ''VDARE''.</ref><ref name=Whitney>The "global labor arbitrage" phenomenon has been described by economist [[Stephen S. Roach]]. See Mike Whitney, [http://www.entrepreneur.com/tradejournals/article/147390483.html "Labor arbitrage,"] ''Entrepreneur'', June 2006.</ref>
+'''Arbitrase kerja global''' adalah fenomena ekonomi berupa perpindahan lapangan pekerjaan ke negara-negara yang biaya operasinya (seperti [[hukum lingkungan|peraturan lingkungan]]) lebih murah dan/atau perpindahan tenaga kerja miskin ke negara-negara yang bersedia membayar upah tinggi karena hilangnya [[hambatan perdagangan|hambatan]] [[perdagangan internasional]].<ref name=laborarbitrage>Paul Craig Roberts (07/28/04).[http://vdare.com/roberts/labor_arbitrage.htm "Global Labor Arbitrage"] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719195813/http://www.vdare.com/roberts/labor_arbitrage.htm |date=2011-07-19 }}. ''VDARE''.</ref><ref name=Whitney>The "global labor arbitrage" phenomenon has been described by economist [[Stephen S. Roach]]. See Mike Whitney, [http://www.entrepreneur.com/tradejournals/article/147390483.html "Labor arbitrage,"] ''Entrepreneur'', June 2006.</ref>
 Dua hambatan terbesar bagi perdagangan internasional adalah [[tarif]] (bersifat politis) dan biaya distribusi barang lintas lautan. Seiring berkembangnya teknologi [[Internet]], penurunan biaya [[telekomunikasi]], dan kecanggihan transfer dokumen, hambatan terhadap hasil karya intelektual (karya apapun yang dibuat menggunakan komputer atau memerlukan gelar sarjana) perlahan menghilang.
@@ Baris 14: / Baris 14: @@
 == Pranala luar ==
-* [http://www.vdare.com/roberts/second_thoughts.htm Second Thoughts on Free Trade] by Senator Charles Schumer and Paul Craig Roberts
+* [http://www.vdare.com/roberts/second_thoughts.htm Second Thoughts on Free Trade] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719200837/http://www.vdare.com/roberts/second_thoughts.htm |date=2011-07-19 }} by Senator Charles Schumer and Paul Craig Roberts
-* [http://heather.cs.ucdavis.edu/itaa.real.html Debunking the Myth of a Desperate Software Labor Shortage]
+* [http://heather.cs.ucdavis.edu/itaa.real.html Debunking the Myth of a Desperate Software Labor Shortage] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110126074053/http://heather.cs.ucdavis.edu/itaa.real.html |date=2011-01-26 }}
-* [http://www.vdare.com/roberts/080107_jobs.htm No Jobs for the New Economy or the Old]
+* [http://www.vdare.com/roberts/080107_jobs.htm No Jobs for the New Economy or the Old] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719194928/http://www.vdare.com/roberts/080107_jobs.htm |date=2011-07-19 }}
-* [http://www.vdare.com/buchanan/080114_subprime.htm Subprime Nation] by Patrick J. Buchanan makes mention of how trade deficit dollars are being used to purchase American-owned assets.
+* [http://www.vdare.com/buchanan/080114_subprime.htm Subprime Nation] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110719220526/https://www.vdare.com/buchanan/080114_subprime.htm |date=2011-07-19 }} by Patrick J. Buchanan makes mention of how trade deficit dollars are being used to purchase American-owned assets.
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