Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat 2008: Perbedaan antara revisi
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Baris 1: | Baris 1: | ||
{{Infobox Election |
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[[gambar:Electorial map.svg|thumb|right|300px|Electoral vote menurut negara bagian]] |
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| election_name = Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat 2008 |
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'''Pemilihan Umum presiden Amerika Serikat 2008''' dijadwalkan pada tanggal [[4 November]] [[2008]]. Pemilu ini akan menentukan [[Presiden Amerika Serikat]] ke-44 (dengan asumsi presiden [[George W. Bush|Bush]] akan menyelesaikan masa jabatannya). Pemenangnya akan dilantik pada [[20 Januari]] [[2009]]. |
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| country = Amerika Serikat |
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| type = presiden |
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| ongoing = tidak |
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| previous_election = Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat 2004 |
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| previous_year = 2004 |
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| next_election = Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat 2012 |
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| next_year = 2012 |
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| election_date = 4 November 2008 |
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| votes_for_election = [[Daftar pemilih presiden Amerika Serikat 2008|538 suara elektoral]] [[Lembaga Pemilihan (Amerika Serikat)|Lembaga Pemilihan]] |
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| needed_votes = 270 suara elektoral |
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| turnout = 61,6% (berhak memberi suara)<ref name=turnout>{{cite web |url=http://elections.gmu.edu/Turnout_2008G.html |title=2008 General Election Turnout Rates |publisher=[[George Mason University]] |year=2012 |accessdate=October 29, 2012 |archive-date=2013-01-12 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20130112213711/http://elections.gmu.edu/Turnout_2008G.html |dead-url=yes }}</ref> |
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<!-- Barack Obama --> |
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Pada [[2008]], presiden Bush yang sedang menjabat tidak diijinkan untuk dipilih kembali sesuai [[Amandemen ke-22 Konstitusi Amerika Serikat|Amandemen ke-22]] pada [[Konstitusi Amerika Serikat|Konstitusi AS]]. |
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| image1 = [[Berkas:Obama portrait crop.jpg|152px]] |
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| nominee1 = '''[[Barack Obama]]''' |
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| party1 = Partai Demokrat (Amerika Serikat) |
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| home_state1 = [[Illinois]] |
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| running_mate1 = '''[[Joe Biden]]''' |
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| electoral_vote1 = '''365''' |
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| states_carried1 = '''28 + [[Washington, D.C.|DC]] + [[Distrik kongres ke-2 Nebraska|NE-02]]<!-- Nebraska divides its electoral votes based on congressional districts instead of a statewide total, and its 2nd congressional district voted for Obama. -->''' |
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| popular_vote1 = '''69.456.897'''<ref name="Results PDF">http://www.fec.gov/pubrec/fe2008/2008presgeresults.pdf</ref> |
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| percentage1 = '''52,9%'''<ref name="Results PDF"/> |
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<!-- John McCain --> |
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| image2 = [[Berkas:John McCain 2009 Official.jpg|150px]] <!-- Please see Talk:John McCain before changing --> |
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| nominee2 = [[John McCain]] |
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| party2 = Partai Republik (Amerika Serikat) |
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| home_state2 = [[Arizona]] |
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| running_mate2 = [[Sarah Palin]] |
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| electoral_vote2 = 173 |
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| states_carried2 = 22 |
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| popular_vote2 = 59.934.814<ref name="Results PDF"/> |
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| percentage2 = 45,7%<ref name="Results PDF"/> |
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<!-- Map --> |
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| map = {{Peta pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat 2008}} |
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| map_size = 349px |
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| map_caption = Peta hasil pemilu presiden.<br /><span style="color:blue;">Biru</span> menandakan negara bagian/distrik yang dimenangkan Obama/Biden,<br />dan <span style="color:#c20;">Merah</span> yang dimenangkan McCain/Palin.<br />Nomor menandakan [[suara elektoral]] pemenang di setiap negara bagian.<br />Obama memenangkan satu suara elektoral dari NE-02. |
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<!-- Result --> |
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| title = Presiden |
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| before_election = [[George W. Bush]] |
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| before_party = Partai Republik (Amerika Serikat) |
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| after_election = [[Barack Obama]] |
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| after_party = Partai Demokrat (Amerika Serikat) |
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}} |
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[[Berkas:Electoral map 2004-2008.svg|jmpl|ka|300px|Electoral vote menurut negara bagian]] |
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'''Pemilihan Umum presiden Amerika Serikat 2008''' diselenggarakan pada tanggal [[4 November]] [[2008]]. Keluar sebagai pemenang dan [[Presiden Amerika Serikat|Presiden]] [[Amerika Serikat|AS]] ke-44 adalah [[Barack Obama]] ([[Partai Demokrat (Amerika Serikat)|Demokrat]]). Ia mengalahkan saingan terkuatnya dari [[Partai Republik (Amerika Serikat)|Republik]], [[John McCain]]. Obama disumpah menjadi presiden pada [[Pelantikan pertama Barack Obama|20 Januari 2009]]. |
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Pada pemilu ini, Presiden [[George W. Bush|Bush]] yang telah menjabat selama dua masa jabatan tidak diijinkan untuk dipilih kembali sesuai [[Amendemen ke-22 Konstitusi Amerika Serikat|Amendemen ke-22]] pada [[Konstitusi Amerika Serikat|Konstitusi AS]]. |
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== Calon kandidat == |
== Calon kandidat == |
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Baris 13: | Baris 61: | ||
* [[Dennis Kucinich]] |
* [[Dennis Kucinich]] |
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* [[Tom Vilsack]] |
* [[Tom Vilsack]] |
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* [[Barack Obama]] |
* '''[[Barack Obama]]''' |
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* [[Hillary Rodham Clinton]] |
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=== [[Partai Republik (Amerika Serikat)|Partai Republik]] === |
=== [[Partai Republik (Amerika Serikat)|Partai Republik]] === |
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Baris 22: | Baris 71: | ||
* [[Rudy Giuliani]] |
* [[Rudy Giuliani]] |
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* [[Duncan Hunter]] |
* [[Duncan Hunter]] |
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* [[John McCain]] |
* '''[[John McCain]]''' |
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* [[Ron Paul]] |
* [[Ron Paul]] |
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* [[Mitt Romney]] |
* [[Mitt Romney]] |
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Baris 31: | Baris 80: | ||
* [[5 Agustus]] sampai [[28 Agustus]] 2008 - [[Konvensi Nasional Partai Demokrat 2008]]. |
* [[5 Agustus]] sampai [[28 Agustus]] 2008 - [[Konvensi Nasional Partai Demokrat 2008]]. |
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* [[1 September]] sampai [[4 September]] 2008 - [[Konvensi Nasional Partai Republik 2008]]. |
* [[1 September]] sampai [[4 September]] 2008 - [[Konvensi Nasional Partai Republik 2008]]. |
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* [[4 November]] 2008 - Hari pemilu |
* [[4 November]] 2008 - Hari pemilu, Obama dinyatakan menang atas McCain |
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* [[15 Desember]] 2008 - Anggota [[Dewan Pemilih Amerika Serikat]] bertemu di masing-masing negara bagian untuk memasukkan suara mereka untuk presiden. |
* [[15 Desember]] 2008 - Anggota [[Dewan Pemilih Amerika Serikat]] bertemu di masing-masing negara bagian untuk memasukkan suara mereka untuk presiden. |
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* [[6 Januari]] 2009 - Suara dihitung di Kongres. |
* [[6 Januari]] 2009 - Suara dihitung di Kongres. |
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* [[20 Januari]] 2009 - Pelantikan presiden. |
* [[20 Januari]] 2009 - Pelantikan presiden Obama di [[Washington D.C.]] |
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=== Hasil === |
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<!--[[Image:US 2008 Prez Election-popvote.png|thumb|250px|Popular vote results map]] |
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{{start U.S. presidential ticket box}} |
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generally include state only after state officially tallies in--> |
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Total suara populer berasal dari [http://www.fec.gov/pubrec/fe2008/2008presgeresults.pdf laporan resmi Komisi Pemilihan Umum Federal]. Kongres mengesahkan total suara elektoral pada 8 Januari 2009.<ref name="house floor summary">{{cite web|url=http://clerk.house.gov/floorsummary/floor.html?day=20090108|title=United States House of Representatives floor summary for Jan 8, 2009|publisher=Clerk.house.gov|date=|accessdate=30 Januari 2009}}</ref> |
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{{start U.S. presidential ticket box|pv_footnote=|ev_footnote=}} |
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{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[Barack Obama]]|party=[[United States Democratic Party|Democratic]]|state=[[Illinois]]|pv=69,498,215|pv_pct=52.93%|ev=365|vp_name=[[Joe Biden]]|vp_state=[[Delaware]]}}<!--*--><!--See section 5.2 Popular vote--> |
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{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[John McCain]]|party=[[United States Republican Party|Republican]]|state=[[Arizona]]|pv=59,948,240|pv_pct=45.66%|ev=173<!--Don't change to 163-->|vp_name=[[Sarah Palin]]|vp_state=[[Alaska]]}}<!--*--><!--See section 5.2 Popular vote--> |
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{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[Ralph Nader]]|party=[[Independent (politics)|Independent]]|state=[[Connecticut]]|pv=738,721|pv_pct=0.56%|ev=0|vp_name=[[Matt Gonzalez]]|vp_state=[[California]]}}<!--*--><!--See section 5.2 Popular votel--> |
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{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[Bob Barr]]|party=[[Libertarian Party (United States)|Libertarian]]|state=[[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]|pv=523,713|pv_pct=0.40%|ev=0|vp_name=[[Wayne Allyn Root]]|vp_state=[[Nevada]]}}<!--*--><!--See section 5.2 Popular vote--> |
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{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[Chuck Baldwin]]|party=[[Constitution Party (United States)|Constitution]]|state=[[Florida]]|pv=199,437|pv_pct=0.15%|ev=0|vp_name=[[Darrell Castle]]|vp_state=[[Tennessee]]}}<!--*--><!--See section 5.2 Popular vote--> |
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{{U.S. presidential ticket box row|name=[[Cynthia McKinney]]|party=[[Green Party (United States)|Green]]|state=[[Georgia (U.S. state)|Georgia]]|pv=161,680|pv_pct=0.12%|ev=0|vp_name=[[Rosa Clemente]]|vp_state=[[North Carolina]]}}<!--*--><!--See section 5.2 Popular vote--> |
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{{U.S. presidential ticket box other|footnote=|pv=323,984|pv_pct=0.25%}} |
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{{end U.S. presidential ticket box|pv=131,393,990|pv_pct=100.00%|ev=538|to_win=270}}<!--*--><!--See section 5.2 Popular vote--> |
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{{bar box |
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|title=Pemilihan populer |
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|titlebar=#ddd |
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|width=600px |
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|barwidth=410px |
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|bars= |
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{{bar percent|'''Obama'''|{{Democratic Party (US)/meta/color}}|52.93}} |
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{{bar percent|McCain|{{Republican Party (US)/meta/color}}|45.66}} |
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{{bar percent|Nader|#777777|0.56}} |
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{{bar percent|Barr|{{Libertarian Party (US)/meta/color}}|0.40}} |
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{{bar percent|Baldwin|{{Constitution Party (US)/meta/color}}|0.15}} |
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{{bar percent|Others|#777777|0.30}} |
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}} |
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{{bar box |
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|title=Pemilihan perwakilan |
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|titlebar=#ddd |
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|width=600px |
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|barwidth=410px |
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|bars= |
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{{bar percent|'''Obama'''|{{Democratic Party (US)/meta/color}}|67.84}} |
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{{bar percent|McCain|{{Republican Party (US)/meta/color}}|32.16}} |
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}} |
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===Hasil menurut negara bagian=== |
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Tabel ini mencatat penghitungan dewan pemilihan akhir resmi negara bagian untuk calon presiden yang terdaftar pada surat suara di cukup negara bagian untuk memiliki peluang teoretis untuk mendapatkan mayoritas di Electoral College. Dua kolom pertama berisi nama negara bagian dan jumlah pemilihnya. '''Huruf tebal''' menunjukkan pemenang penghitungan suara di seluruh negara bagian di setiap negara bagian dan pemenang di setiap distrik pemilihan Maine dan Nebraska, satu-satunya dua negara bagian yang membagi suara pemilihan menurut distrik. Hasil suara populer negara bagian diambil dari [http://www.fec.gov/pubrec/fe2008/2008presgeresults.pdf laporan resmi Komisi Pemilihan Umum Federal]. Empat negara bagian, Georgia, Illinois, New York, dan Ohio, telah mengubah hasil pemungutan suara populer. [http://sos.georgia.gov/elections/election_results/2008_1104/001.htm Hasil Georgia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121130192007/http://sos.georgia.gov/elections/election_results/2008_1104/001.htm |date=2012-11-30 }} yang diperbarui, [http://elections.il.gov/electioninformation/downloadvotetotals.aspx hasil Illinois] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121107192451/http://www.elections.il.gov/ElectionInformation/DownloadVoteTotals.aspx |date=2012-11-07 }}, [http://www.elections.ny.gov/NYSBOE/elections/2008/General/PresidentVicePresident08.pdf hasil New York], dan [http://www.sos.state.oh.us/sos/elections/Research/electResultsMain/2008ElectionResults/pres110408.aspx hasil Ohio] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121102134025/http://www.sos.state.oh.us/sos/elections/Research/electResultsMain/2008ElectionResults/pres110408.aspx |date=2012-11-02 }} disertakan di sini. Dua kolom paling kanan menunjukkan 1) margin persentase Obama atas McCain dan 2) persentase pemain untuk gabungan dua kandidat utama. |
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{|class="wikitable" |
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|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
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|Negara bagian/distrik dimenangkan oleh [[Barack Obama|Obama]]/[[Joe Biden|Biden]] |
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|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
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|Negara bagian/distrik dimenangkan oleh [[John McCain|McCain]]/[[Sarah Palin|Palin]] |
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|} |
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{|class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align:right;" |
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|- |
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!Negara bagian |
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!<SMALL>Elektoral</SMALL> |
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!Pemilih [[Barack Obama|Obama]]!!% |
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!Pemilih [[John McCain|McCain]]!!% |
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!Pemilih [[Ralph Nader|Nader]]!!% |
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!Pemilih [[Bob Barr|Barr]]!!% |
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!Pemilih [[Chuck Baldwin|Baldwin]]!!% |
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!Pemilih [[Cynthia McKinney|McKinney]]!!% |
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!Pemilih lainnya!!% |
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!Obama – McCain |
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!Obama + McCain |
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|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
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|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Alabama 2008|Alabama]] |
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|9 |
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|813,479 |
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|38.74 |
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|'''1,266,546''' |
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|60.32 |
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|6,788 |
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|0.323 |
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|4,991 |
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|0.238 |
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|4,310 |
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|0.205 |
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| |
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| |
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|3,705 |
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|0.176 |
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| −21.58 |
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|99.06 |
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|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
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|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Alaska 2008|Alaska]] |
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|3 |
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|123,594 |
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|37.89 |
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|'''193,841''' |
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|59.42 |
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|3,783 |
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| 1.16 |
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|1,589 |
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|0.487 |
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|1,660 |
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|0.509 |
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| |
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| |
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|1,730 |
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|0.530 |
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| −21.54 |
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|97.31 |
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|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
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|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Arizona 2008|Arizona]] |
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|10 |
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|1,034,707 |
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|45.12 |
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|''' 1,230,111 ''' |
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|53.64 |
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|11,301 |
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|0.493 |
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|12,555 |
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|0.547 |
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|1,371 |
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|0.060 |
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|3,406 |
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|0.149 |
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|24 |
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|0.001 |
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| −8.52 |
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|98.75 |
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|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
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|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Arkansas 2008|Arkansas]] |
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|6 |
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|422,310 |
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|38.86 |
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|'''638,017''' |
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|58.72 |
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|12,882 |
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| 1.19 |
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|4,776 |
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|0.440 |
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|4,023 |
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|0.370 |
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|3,470 |
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|0.319 |
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|1,139 |
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|0.105 |
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| −19.85 |
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|97.58 |
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|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
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|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di California 2008|California]] |
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|55 |
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|'''8,274,473''' |
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|61.01 |
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|5,011,781 |
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|36.95 |
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|108,381 |
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|0.799 |
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|67,582 |
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|0.498 |
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|3,145 |
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|0.023 |
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|38,774 |
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|0.286 |
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|57,764 |
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|0.426 |
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| 24.06 |
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|97.97 |
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|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
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|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Colorado 2008|Colorado]] |
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|9 |
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|'''1,288,576''' |
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|53.66 |
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|1,073,589 |
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|44.71 |
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|13,350 |
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|0.556 |
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|10,897 |
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|0.454 |
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|6,233 |
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|0.260 |
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|2,822 |
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|0.118 |
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|5,894 |
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|0.245 |
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| 8.95 |
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|98.37 |
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|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
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|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Connecticut 2008|Connecticut]] |
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|7 |
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|'''997,772''' |
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|60.59 |
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|629,428 |
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|38.22 |
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|19,162 |
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| 1.16 |
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| |
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| |
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|311 |
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|0.019 |
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|90 |
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|0.005 |
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|29 |
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|0.002 |
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| 22.37 |
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|98.81 |
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|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
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|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Delaware 2008|Delaware]] |
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|3 |
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|'''255,459''' |
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|61.94 |
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|152,374 |
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|36.95 |
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|2,401 |
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|0.582 |
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|1,109 |
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|0.269 |
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|626 |
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|0.152 |
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|385 |
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|0.093 |
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|58 |
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|0.014 |
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| 25.00 |
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|98.89 |
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|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
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|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Distrik Columbia 2008|District of Columbia]] |
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|3 |
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|'''245,800''' |
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|92.46 |
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|17,367 |
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| 6.53 |
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|958 |
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|0.360 |
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| |
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| |
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| |
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| |
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|590 |
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|0.222 |
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|1,138 |
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|0.428 |
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| 85.92 |
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|98.99 |
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|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
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|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Florida 2008|Florida]] |
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|27 |
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|'''4,282,074''' |
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|51.03 |
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|4,045,624 |
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|48.22 |
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|28,124 |
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|0.335 |
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|17,218 |
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|0.205 |
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|7,915 |
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|0.094 |
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|2,887 |
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|0.034 |
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|6,902 |
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|0.082 |
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| 2.82 |
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|99.25 |
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|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
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|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Georgia 2008|Georgia]] |
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|15 |
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|1,844,123 |
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|46.99 |
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|'''2,048,759''' |
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|52.20 |
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|1,158 |
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|0.030 |
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|28,731 |
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|0.732 |
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|1,402 |
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|0.036 |
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|250 |
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|0.006 |
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|63 |
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|0.002 |
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| −5.21 |
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|99.19 |
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|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
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|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Hawaii 2008|Hawaii]] |
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|4 |
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|'''325,871''' |
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|71.85 |
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|120,566 |
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|26.58 |
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|3,825 |
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|0.843 |
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|1,314 |
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|0.290 |
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|1,013 |
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|0.223 |
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|979 |
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|0.216 |
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| |
|||
| |
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| 45.26 |
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|98.43 |
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|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
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|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Idaho 2008|Idaho]] |
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|4 |
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|236,440 |
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|36.10 |
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|'''403,012''' |
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|61.53 |
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|7,175 |
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| 1.10 |
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|3,658 |
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|0.558 |
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|4,747 |
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|0.725 |
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| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
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| −25.43 |
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|97.62 |
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|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
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|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Illinois 2008|Illinois]] |
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|21 |
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|'''3,419,348''' |
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|61.92 |
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|2,031,179 |
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|36.78 |
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|30,948 |
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|0.560 |
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|19,642 |
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|0.356 |
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|8,256 |
|||
|0.150 |
|||
|11,838 |
|||
|0.214 |
|||
|1,160 |
|||
|0.021 |
|||
| 25.14 |
|||
|98.70 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Indiana 2008|Indiana]] |
|||
|11 |
|||
|'''1,374,039''' |
|||
|49.95 |
|||
|1,345,648 |
|||
|48.91 |
|||
|909 |
|||
|0.033 |
|||
|29,257 |
|||
| 1.06 |
|||
|1,024 |
|||
|0.037 |
|||
|87 |
|||
|0.003 |
|||
|90 |
|||
|0.003 |
|||
| 1.03 |
|||
|98.86 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Iowa 2008|Iowa]] |
|||
|7 |
|||
|'''828,940''' |
|||
|53.93 |
|||
|682,379 |
|||
|44.39 |
|||
|8,014 |
|||
|0.521 |
|||
|4,590 |
|||
|0.299 |
|||
|4,445 |
|||
|0.289 |
|||
|1,423 |
|||
|0.093 |
|||
|7,332 |
|||
|0.477 |
|||
| 9.53 |
|||
|98.32 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Kansas 2008|Kansas]] |
|||
|6 |
|||
|514,765 |
|||
|41.65 |
|||
|'''699,655''' |
|||
|56.61 |
|||
|10,527 |
|||
|0.852 |
|||
|6,706 |
|||
|0.543 |
|||
|4,148 |
|||
|0.336 |
|||
|35 |
|||
|0.003 |
|||
|36 |
|||
|0.003 |
|||
| −14.96 |
|||
|98.26 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Kentucky 2008|Kentucky]] |
|||
|8 |
|||
|751,985 |
|||
|41.17 |
|||
|'''1,048,462''' |
|||
|57.40 |
|||
|15,378 |
|||
|0.842 |
|||
|5,989 |
|||
|0.328 |
|||
|4,694 |
|||
|0.257 |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| −16.23 |
|||
|98.57 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Louisiana 2008|Louisiana]] |
|||
|9 |
|||
|782,989 |
|||
|39.93 |
|||
|'''1,148,275''' |
|||
|58.56 |
|||
|6,997 |
|||
|0.357 |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|2,581 |
|||
|0.132 |
|||
|9,187 |
|||
|0.469 |
|||
|10,732 |
|||
|0.547 |
|||
| −18.63 |
|||
|98.50 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Maine 2008|Maine]] |
|||
|2* |
|||
|'''421,923''' |
|||
|57.67 |
|||
|295,273 |
|||
|40.36 |
|||
|10,636 |
|||
| 1.45 |
|||
|251 |
|||
|0.034 |
|||
|177 |
|||
|0.024 |
|||
|2,900 |
|||
|0.396 |
|||
|431 |
|||
|0.059 |
|||
| 17.31 |
|||
|98.03 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:right;"|''[[Distrik Kongres Pertama Maine|Dist. ME 1]]'' |
|||
|1 |
|||
|'''232,145''' |
|||
|60.51 |
|||
|144,604 |
|||
|37.69 |
|||
|5,263 |
|||
| 1.37 |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|1,362 |
|||
|0.355 |
|||
|252 |
|||
|0.066 |
|||
| 22.82 |
|||
|98.21 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:right;"|''[[Distrik Kongres Kedua Maine|Dist. ME 2]]'' |
|||
|1 |
|||
|'''189,778''' |
|||
|54.61 |
|||
|150,669 |
|||
|43.35 |
|||
|5,373 |
|||
| 1.55 |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|1,538 |
|||
|0.443 |
|||
|179 |
|||
|0.052 |
|||
| 11.25 |
|||
|97.96 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Maryland 2008|Maryland]] |
|||
|10 |
|||
|'''1,629,467''' |
|||
|61.92 |
|||
|959,862 |
|||
|36.47 |
|||
|14,713 |
|||
|0.559 |
|||
|9,842 |
|||
|0.374 |
|||
|3,760 |
|||
|0.143 |
|||
|4,747 |
|||
|0.180 |
|||
|9,205 |
|||
|0.350 |
|||
| 25.44 |
|||
|98.39 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Massachusetts 2008|Massachusetts]] |
|||
|12 |
|||
|'''1,904,097''' |
|||
|61.80 |
|||
|1,108,854 |
|||
|35.99 |
|||
|28,841 |
|||
|0.936 |
|||
|13,189 |
|||
|0.428 |
|||
|4,971 |
|||
|0.161 |
|||
|6,550 |
|||
|0.213 |
|||
|14,483 |
|||
|0.470 |
|||
| 25.81 |
|||
|97.79 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Michigan 2008|Michigan]] |
|||
|17 |
|||
|'''2,872,579''' |
|||
|57.43 |
|||
|2,048,639 |
|||
|40.96 |
|||
|33,085 |
|||
|0.661 |
|||
|23,716 |
|||
|0.474 |
|||
|14,685 |
|||
|0.294 |
|||
|8,892 |
|||
|0.178 |
|||
|170 |
|||
|0.003 |
|||
| 16.47 |
|||
|98.39 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Minnesota 2008|Minnesota]] |
|||
|10 |
|||
|'''1,573,354''' |
|||
|54.06 |
|||
|1,275,409 |
|||
|43.82 |
|||
|30,152 |
|||
| 1.04 |
|||
|9,174 |
|||
|0.315 |
|||
|6,787 |
|||
|0.233 |
|||
|5,174 |
|||
|0.178 |
|||
|10,319 |
|||
|0.355 |
|||
| 10.24 |
|||
|97.88 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Mississippi 2008|Mississippi]] |
|||
|6 |
|||
|554,662 |
|||
|43.00 |
|||
|'''724,597''' |
|||
|56.18 |
|||
|4,011 |
|||
|0.311 |
|||
|2,529 |
|||
|0.196 |
|||
|2,551 |
|||
|0.198 |
|||
|1,034 |
|||
|0.080 |
|||
|481 |
|||
|0.037 |
|||
| −13.17 |
|||
|99.18 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Missouri 2008|Missouri]] |
|||
|11 |
|||
|1,441,911 |
|||
|49.29 |
|||
|'''1,445,814 ''' |
|||
|49.43 |
|||
|17,813 |
|||
|0.609 |
|||
|11,386 |
|||
|0.389 |
|||
|8,201 |
|||
|0.280 |
|||
|80 |
|||
|0.003 |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| −0.13 |
|||
|98.72 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Montana 2008|Montana]] |
|||
|3 |
|||
|231,667 |
|||
|47.25 |
|||
|'''242,763''' |
|||
|49.52 |
|||
|3,686 |
|||
|0.752 |
|||
|1,355 |
|||
|0.276 |
|||
|143 |
|||
|0.029 |
|||
|23 |
|||
|0.005 |
|||
|10,638 |
|||
| 2.17 |
|||
| −2.26 |
|||
|96.77 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Nebraska 2008|Nebraska]] |
|||
|2* |
|||
|333,319 |
|||
|41.60 |
|||
|'''452,979''' |
|||
|56.53 |
|||
|5,406 |
|||
|0.675 |
|||
|2,740 |
|||
|0.342 |
|||
|2,972 |
|||
|0.371 |
|||
|1,028 |
|||
|0.128 |
|||
|2,837 |
|||
|0.354 |
|||
| −14.93 |
|||
|98.13 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
|||
|style="text-align:right;"|''[[Distrik Kongres Pertama Nebraska|Dist. NE 1]]'' |
|||
|1 |
|||
|121,468 |
|||
|44.34 |
|||
|'''148,179''' |
|||
|54.09 |
|||
|1,970 |
|||
|0.719 |
|||
|929 |
|||
|0.339 |
|||
|1,019 |
|||
|0.372 |
|||
|393 |
|||
|0.143 |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| −9.75 |
|||
|98.43 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:right;"|''[[Distrik Kongres Kedua Nebraska|Dist. NE 2]]'' |
|||
|1 |
|||
|'''138,752''' |
|||
|49.96 |
|||
|135,439 |
|||
|48.76 |
|||
|1,621 |
|||
|0.584 |
|||
|1,007 |
|||
|0.363 |
|||
|604 |
|||
|0.217 |
|||
|321 |
|||
|0.116 |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| 1.19 |
|||
|98.72 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
|||
|style="text-align:right;"|''[[Distrik Kongres Ketiga Nebraska|Dist. NE 3]]'' |
|||
|1 |
|||
|73,099 |
|||
|29.63 |
|||
|'''169,361''' |
|||
|68.64 |
|||
|1,815 |
|||
|0.736 |
|||
|804 |
|||
|0.326 |
|||
|1,349 |
|||
|0.547 |
|||
|314 |
|||
|0.127 |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| −39.01 |
|||
|98.26 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Nevada 2008|Nevada]] |
|||
|5 |
|||
|'''533,736''' |
|||
|55.15 |
|||
|412,827 |
|||
|42.65 |
|||
|6,150 |
|||
|0.635 |
|||
|4,263 |
|||
|0.440 |
|||
|3,194 |
|||
|0.330 |
|||
|1,411 |
|||
|0.146 |
|||
|6,267 |
|||
|0.648 |
|||
| 12.49 |
|||
|97.80 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di New Hampshire 2008|New Hampshire]] |
|||
|4 |
|||
|'''384,826''' |
|||
|54.13 |
|||
|316,534 |
|||
|44.52 |
|||
|3,503 |
|||
|0.493 |
|||
|2,217 |
|||
|0.312 |
|||
|226 |
|||
|0.032 |
|||
|40 |
|||
|0.006 |
|||
|3,624 |
|||
|0.510 |
|||
| 9.61 |
|||
|98.65 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di New Jersey 2008|New Jersey]] |
|||
|15 |
|||
|'''2,215,422''' |
|||
|57.27 |
|||
|1,613,207 |
|||
|41.70 |
|||
|21,298 |
|||
|0.551 |
|||
|8,441 |
|||
|0.218 |
|||
|3,956 |
|||
|0.102 |
|||
|3,636 |
|||
|0.094 |
|||
|2,277 |
|||
|0.059 |
|||
| 15.57 |
|||
|98.98 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di New Mexico 2008|New Mexico]] |
|||
|5 |
|||
|'''472,422''' |
|||
|56.91 |
|||
|346,832 |
|||
|41.78 |
|||
|5,327 |
|||
|0.642 |
|||
|2,428 |
|||
|0.292 |
|||
|1,597 |
|||
|0.192 |
|||
|1,552 |
|||
|0.187 |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| 15.13 |
|||
|98.69 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di New York 2008|New York]] |
|||
|31 |
|||
|'''4,804,701''' |
|||
|62.88 |
|||
|2,752,728 |
|||
|36.03 |
|||
|41,249 |
|||
|0.540 |
|||
|19,595 |
|||
|0.256 |
|||
|634 |
|||
|0.008 |
|||
|12,801 |
|||
|0.168 |
|||
|8,936 |
|||
|0.117 |
|||
| 26.86 |
|||
|98.91 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Carolina Utara 2008|North Carolina]] |
|||
|15 |
|||
|'''2,142,651''' |
|||
|49.69 |
|||
|2,128,474 |
|||
|49.36 |
|||
|1,448 |
|||
|0.034 |
|||
|25,722 |
|||
|0.596 |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|158 |
|||
|0.004 |
|||
|13,942 |
|||
|0.323 |
|||
| 0.33 |
|||
|99.04 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Dakota Utara 2008|North Dakota]] |
|||
|3 |
|||
|141,278 |
|||
|44.62 |
|||
|'''168,601''' |
|||
|53.25 |
|||
|4,189 |
|||
| 1.32 |
|||
|1,354 |
|||
|0.428 |
|||
|1,199 |
|||
|0.379 |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| −8.63 |
|||
|97.87 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Ohio 2008|Ohio]] |
|||
|20 |
|||
|'''2,940,044''' |
|||
|51.50 |
|||
|2,677,820 |
|||
|46.91 |
|||
|42,337 |
|||
|0.742 |
|||
|19,917 |
|||
|0.349 |
|||
|12,565 |
|||
|0.220 |
|||
|8,518 |
|||
|0.149 |
|||
|7,149 |
|||
|0.125 |
|||
| 4.59 |
|||
|98.41 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Oklahoma 2008|Oklahoma]] |
|||
|7 |
|||
|502,496 |
|||
|34.35 |
|||
|'''960,165''' |
|||
|65.65 |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| −31.29 |
|||
|100.00 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Oregon 2008|Oregon]] |
|||
|7 |
|||
|'''1,037,291''' |
|||
|56.75 |
|||
|738,475 |
|||
|40.40 |
|||
|18,614 |
|||
| 1.02 |
|||
|7,635 |
|||
|0.418 |
|||
|7,693 |
|||
|0.421 |
|||
|4,543 |
|||
|0.249 |
|||
|13,613 |
|||
|0.745 |
|||
| 16.35 |
|||
|97.15 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Pennsylvania 2008|Pennsylvania]] |
|||
|21 |
|||
|'''3,276,363''' |
|||
|54.64 |
|||
|2,655,885 |
|||
|44.29 |
|||
|42,977 |
|||
|0.717 |
|||
|19,912 |
|||
|0.332 |
|||
|1,092 |
|||
|0.018 |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| 10.35 |
|||
|98.93 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Rhode Island 2008|Rhode Island]] |
|||
|4 |
|||
|'''296,571''' |
|||
|63.13 |
|||
|165,391 |
|||
|35.21 |
|||
|4,829 |
|||
| 1.03 |
|||
|1,382 |
|||
|0.294 |
|||
|675 |
|||
|0.144 |
|||
|797 |
|||
|0.170 |
|||
|122 |
|||
|0.026 |
|||
| 27.92 |
|||
|98.34 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Carolina Selatan 2008|South Carolina]] |
|||
|8 |
|||
|862,449 |
|||
|44.90 |
|||
|'''1,034,896''' |
|||
|53.87 |
|||
|5,053 |
|||
|0.263 |
|||
|7,283 |
|||
|0.379 |
|||
|6,827 |
|||
|0.355 |
|||
|4,461 |
|||
|0.232 |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| −8.98 |
|||
|98.77 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Dakota Selatan, 2008|South Dakota]] |
|||
|3 |
|||
|170,924 |
|||
|44.75 |
|||
|'''203,054''' |
|||
|53.16 |
|||
|4,267 |
|||
| 1.12 |
|||
|1,835 |
|||
|0.480 |
|||
|1,895 |
|||
|0.496 |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
| −8.41 |
|||
|97.91 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Tennessee 2008|Tennessee]] |
|||
|11 |
|||
|1,087,437 |
|||
|41.83 |
|||
|'''1,479,178''' |
|||
|56.90 |
|||
|11,560 |
|||
|0.445 |
|||
|8,547 |
|||
|0.329 |
|||
|8,191 |
|||
|0.315 |
|||
|2,499 |
|||
|0.096 |
|||
|2,337 |
|||
|0.090 |
|||
| −15.07 |
|||
|98.73 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Texas 2008|Texas]] |
|||
|34 |
|||
|3,528,633 |
|||
|43.68 |
|||
|'''4,479,328''' |
|||
|55.45 |
|||
|5,440 |
|||
|0.067 |
|||
|56,116 |
|||
|0.695 |
|||
|5,395 |
|||
|0.067 |
|||
|831 |
|||
|0.010 |
|||
|2,781 |
|||
|0.034 |
|||
| −11.77 |
|||
|99.13 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Utah 2008|Utah]] |
|||
|5 |
|||
|327,670 |
|||
|34.41 |
|||
|'''596,030''' |
|||
|62.58 |
|||
|8,416 |
|||
|0.884 |
|||
|6,966 |
|||
|0.731 |
|||
|12,012 |
|||
| 1.26 |
|||
|982 |
|||
|0.103 |
|||
|294 |
|||
|0.031 |
|||
| −28.18 |
|||
|96.99 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Vermont 2008|Vermont]] |
|||
|3 |
|||
|'''219,262''' |
|||
|67.44 |
|||
|98,974 |
|||
|30.44 |
|||
|3,339 |
|||
| 1.03 |
|||
|1,067 |
|||
|0.328 |
|||
|500 |
|||
|0.154 |
|||
|66 |
|||
|0.020 |
|||
|1,904 |
|||
|0.586 |
|||
| 37.00 |
|||
|97.89 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Virginia 2008|Virginia]] |
|||
|13 |
|||
|'''1,959,532''' |
|||
|52.63 |
|||
|1,725,005 |
|||
|46.33 |
|||
|11,483 |
|||
|0.308 |
|||
|11,067 |
|||
|0.297 |
|||
|7,474 |
|||
|0.201 |
|||
|2,344 |
|||
|0.063 |
|||
|6,355 |
|||
|0.171 |
|||
| 6.30 |
|||
|98.96 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Washington 2008|Washington]] |
|||
|11 |
|||
|'''1,750,848''' |
|||
|57.65 |
|||
|1,229,216 |
|||
|40.48 |
|||
|29,489 |
|||
|0.971 |
|||
|12,728 |
|||
|0.419 |
|||
|9,432 |
|||
|0.311 |
|||
|3,819 |
|||
|0.126 |
|||
|1,346 |
|||
|0.044 |
|||
| 17.18 |
|||
|98.13 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Virginia Barat 2008|West Virginia]] |
|||
|5 |
|||
|303,857 |
|||
|42.59 |
|||
|'''397,466''' |
|||
|55.71 |
|||
|7,219 |
|||
| 1.01 |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|2,465 |
|||
|0.346 |
|||
|2,355 |
|||
|0.330 |
|||
|89 |
|||
|0.012 |
|||
| −13.12 |
|||
|98.30 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Wisconsin 2008|Wisconsin]] |
|||
|10 |
|||
|'''1,677,211''' |
|||
|56.22 |
|||
|1,262,393 |
|||
|42.31 |
|||
|17,605 |
|||
|0.590 |
|||
|8,858 |
|||
|0.297 |
|||
|5,072 |
|||
|0.170 |
|||
|4,216 |
|||
|0.141 |
|||
|8,062 |
|||
|0.270 |
|||
| 13.90 |
|||
|98.53 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Republican}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|[[Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat di Wyoming 2008|Wyoming]] |
|||
|3 |
|||
|82,868 |
|||
|32.54 |
|||
|'''164,958''' |
|||
|64.78 |
|||
|2,525 |
|||
|0.992 |
|||
|1,594 |
|||
|0.626 |
|||
|1,192 |
|||
|0.468 |
|||
| |
|||
| |
|||
|1,521 |
|||
|0.597 |
|||
| −32.24 |
|||
|97.32 |
|||
|-{{Party shading/Democratic}} |
|||
|style="text-align:left;"|Total AS |
|||
|538 |
|||
|'''69,498,215''' |
|||
|52.93 |
|||
|59,948,240 |
|||
|45.66 |
|||
|738,721 |
|||
|0.563 |
|||
|523,713 |
|||
|0.399 |
|||
|199,437 |
|||
|0.152 |
|||
|161,680 |
|||
|0.123 |
|||
|226,979 |
|||
|0.173 |
|||
| 7.27 |
|||
|98.59 |
|||
|} |
|||
<gallery perrow="2" widths="350px" heights="167px"> |
|||
Image:2008prescountymap.PNG|Suara populer menurut daerah. Merah mewakili daerah yang diungguli McCain, Biru mewakili daerah yang diungguli Obama. Connecticut, Hawaii, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, dan Vermont memiliki semua daerah yang diungguli Obama. Alaska dan Oklahoma membuat semua daerah diungguli McCain. |
|||
File:Gastner map purple byarea bycounty.png|Suara populer presiden menurut daerah dalam skala dari merah/Republik ke biru/Demokrat. |
|||
File:2008CartogramElection.jpg|[[Kartogram]] suara rakyat dengan setiap daerah diskalakan sesuai dengan jumlah penduduknya. Biru yang lebih dalam mewakili mayoritas Demokrat, merah lebih terang mewakili mayoritas Republik.<ref>http://www-personal.umich.edu/~mejn/election/2008/</ref> |
|||
Image:US Election04-08shift.png|Pemungutan suara bergeser per daerah dari Pemilu 2004 sampai 2008. Warna biru yang lebih gelap menunjukkan bahwa daerah tersebut memilih lebih Demokrat. Merah yang lebih gelap menunjukkan bahwa daerah tersebut memilih lebih Republik. |
|||
</gallery> |
|||
== Referensi == |
|||
{{reflist|2}} |
|||
{{Pilpres AS 2008}} |
|||
[[Kategori:Pemilihan Umum di Amerika Serikat]] |
|||
{{Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat}} |
|||
[[Kategori:Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat 2008| ]] |
|||
[[de:Präsidentschaftswahl 2008 (Vereinigte Staaten)]] |
|||
[[Kategori:Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat|2008]] |
|||
[[en:United States presidential election, 2008]] |
|||
[[Kategori:Pemilihan umum di Amerika Serikat tahun 2008|Presiden]] |
|||
[[fi:Yhdysvaltain presidentinvaalit 2008]] |
|||
[[fr:Élection présidentielle des États-Unis d'Amérique 2008]] |
|||
[[he:הבחירות לנשיאות ארצות הברית בשנת 2008]] |
|||
[[ja:2008年アメリカ合衆国大統領選挙]] |
|||
[[nl:Amerikaanse presidentsverkiezingen 2008]] |
|||
[[pl:Wybory prezydenckie w USA, 2008]] |
|||
[[sv:Presidentvalet i USA 2008]] |
|||
[[tr:ABD Başkanlık seçimleri 2008]] |
|||
[[zh:2008年美国总统选举]] |
Revisi terkini sejak 3 Agustus 2023 08.20
![]()
Pemilihan umum Presiden Amerika Serikat 2008 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
4 November 2008 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
538 suara elektoral Lembaga Pemilihan 270 suara elektoral untuk menang | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kehadiran pemilih | 61,6% (berhak memberi suara)[1] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Kandidat | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Peta persebaran suara
![]() Peta hasil pemilu presiden. Biru menandakan negara bagian/distrik yang dimenangkan Obama/Biden, dan Merah yang dimenangkan McCain/Palin. Nomor menandakan suara elektoral pemenang di setiap negara bagian. Obama memenangkan satu suara elektoral dari NE-02. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Electoral_map_2004-2008.svg/300px-Electoral_map_2004-2008.svg.png)
Pemilihan Umum presiden Amerika Serikat 2008 diselenggarakan pada tanggal 4 November 2008. Keluar sebagai pemenang dan Presiden AS ke-44 adalah Barack Obama (Demokrat). Ia mengalahkan saingan terkuatnya dari Republik, John McCain. Obama disumpah menjadi presiden pada 20 Januari 2009.
Pada pemilu ini, Presiden Bush yang telah menjabat selama dua masa jabatan tidak diijinkan untuk dipilih kembali sesuai Amendemen ke-22 pada Konstitusi AS.
Calon kandidat
[sunting | sunting sumber]Berikut adalah orang-orang yang kemungkinan mencalonkan diri menjadi presiden:
- Joe Biden
- Christopher Dodd
- John Edwards
- Mike Gravel
- Dennis Kucinich
- Tom Vilsack
- Barack Obama
- Hillary Rodham Clinton
- John H. Cox
- Michael Charles Smith
- Sam Brownback
- Jim Gilmore
- Rudy Giuliani
- Duncan Hunter
- John McCain
- Ron Paul
- Mitt Romney
- Tom Tancredo
- Tommy Thompson
Kejadian-kejadian penting
[sunting | sunting sumber]- 5 Agustus sampai 28 Agustus 2008 - Konvensi Nasional Partai Demokrat 2008.
- 1 September sampai 4 September 2008 - Konvensi Nasional Partai Republik 2008.
- 4 November 2008 - Hari pemilu, Obama dinyatakan menang atas McCain
- 15 Desember 2008 - Anggota Dewan Pemilih Amerika Serikat bertemu di masing-masing negara bagian untuk memasukkan suara mereka untuk presiden.
- 6 Januari 2009 - Suara dihitung di Kongres.
- 20 Januari 2009 - Pelantikan presiden Obama di Washington D.C.
Hasil
[sunting | sunting sumber]Total suara populer berasal dari laporan resmi Komisi Pemilihan Umum Federal. Kongres mengesahkan total suara elektoral pada 8 Januari 2009.[3]
Calon presiden | Partai | Asal | Suara rakyat | Suara elektoral |
Pasangan | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Jumlah | Psn | Calon wakil presiden | Asal | Suara elekt. | ||||
Barack Obama | Democratic | Illinois | 69,498,215 | 52.93% | 365 | Joe Biden | Delaware | 365 |
John McCain | Republican | Arizona | 59,948,240 | 45.66% | 173 | Sarah Palin | Alaska | 173 |
Ralph Nader | Independent | Connecticut | 738,721 | 0.56% | 0 | Matt Gonzalez | California | 0 |
Bob Barr | Libertarian | Georgia | 523,713 | 0.40% | 0 | Wayne Allyn Root | Nevada | 0 |
Chuck Baldwin | Constitution | Florida | 199,437 | 0.15% | 0 | Darrell Castle | Tennessee | 0 |
Cynthia McKinney | Green | Georgia | 161,680 | 0.12% | 0 | Rosa Clemente | North Carolina | 0 |
Lainnya | 323,984 | 0.25% | — | Lainnya | — | |||
Total | 131,393,990 | 100% | 538 | 538 | ||||
Minimal untuk menang | 270 | 270 |
Hasil menurut negara bagian
[sunting | sunting sumber]Tabel ini mencatat penghitungan dewan pemilihan akhir resmi negara bagian untuk calon presiden yang terdaftar pada surat suara di cukup negara bagian untuk memiliki peluang teoretis untuk mendapatkan mayoritas di Electoral College. Dua kolom pertama berisi nama negara bagian dan jumlah pemilihnya. Huruf tebal menunjukkan pemenang penghitungan suara di seluruh negara bagian di setiap negara bagian dan pemenang di setiap distrik pemilihan Maine dan Nebraska, satu-satunya dua negara bagian yang membagi suara pemilihan menurut distrik. Hasil suara populer negara bagian diambil dari laporan resmi Komisi Pemilihan Umum Federal. Empat negara bagian, Georgia, Illinois, New York, dan Ohio, telah mengubah hasil pemungutan suara populer. Hasil Georgia Diarsipkan 2012-11-30 di Wayback Machine. yang diperbarui, hasil Illinois Diarsipkan 2012-11-07 di Wayback Machine., hasil New York, dan hasil Ohio Diarsipkan 2012-11-02 di Wayback Machine. disertakan di sini. Dua kolom paling kanan menunjukkan 1) margin persentase Obama atas McCain dan 2) persentase pemain untuk gabungan dua kandidat utama.
Negara bagian/distrik dimenangkan oleh Obama/Biden |
Negara bagian/distrik dimenangkan oleh McCain/Palin |
Negara bagian | Elektoral | Pemilih Obama | % | Pemilih McCain | % | Pemilih Nader | % | Pemilih Barr | % | Pemilih Baldwin | % | Pemilih McKinney | % | Pemilih lainnya | % | Obama – McCain | Obama + McCain |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Alabama | 9 | 813,479 | 38.74 | 1,266,546 | 60.32 | 6,788 | 0.323 | 4,991 | 0.238 | 4,310 | 0.205 | 3,705 | 0.176 | −21.58 | 99.06 | ||
Alaska | 3 | 123,594 | 37.89 | 193,841 | 59.42 | 3,783 | 1.16 | 1,589 | 0.487 | 1,660 | 0.509 | 1,730 | 0.530 | −21.54 | 97.31 | ||
Arizona | 10 | 1,034,707 | 45.12 | 1,230,111 | 53.64 | 11,301 | 0.493 | 12,555 | 0.547 | 1,371 | 0.060 | 3,406 | 0.149 | 24 | 0.001 | −8.52 | 98.75 |
Arkansas | 6 | 422,310 | 38.86 | 638,017 | 58.72 | 12,882 | 1.19 | 4,776 | 0.440 | 4,023 | 0.370 | 3,470 | 0.319 | 1,139 | 0.105 | −19.85 | 97.58 |
California | 55 | 8,274,473 | 61.01 | 5,011,781 | 36.95 | 108,381 | 0.799 | 67,582 | 0.498 | 3,145 | 0.023 | 38,774 | 0.286 | 57,764 | 0.426 | 24.06 | 97.97 |
Colorado | 9 | 1,288,576 | 53.66 | 1,073,589 | 44.71 | 13,350 | 0.556 | 10,897 | 0.454 | 6,233 | 0.260 | 2,822 | 0.118 | 5,894 | 0.245 | 8.95 | 98.37 |
Connecticut | 7 | 997,772 | 60.59 | 629,428 | 38.22 | 19,162 | 1.16 | 311 | 0.019 | 90 | 0.005 | 29 | 0.002 | 22.37 | 98.81 | ||
Delaware | 3 | 255,459 | 61.94 | 152,374 | 36.95 | 2,401 | 0.582 | 1,109 | 0.269 | 626 | 0.152 | 385 | 0.093 | 58 | 0.014 | 25.00 | 98.89 |
District of Columbia | 3 | 245,800 | 92.46 | 17,367 | 6.53 | 958 | 0.360 | 590 | 0.222 | 1,138 | 0.428 | 85.92 | 98.99 | ||||
Florida | 27 | 4,282,074 | 51.03 | 4,045,624 | 48.22 | 28,124 | 0.335 | 17,218 | 0.205 | 7,915 | 0.094 | 2,887 | 0.034 | 6,902 | 0.082 | 2.82 | 99.25 |
Georgia | 15 | 1,844,123 | 46.99 | 2,048,759 | 52.20 | 1,158 | 0.030 | 28,731 | 0.732 | 1,402 | 0.036 | 250 | 0.006 | 63 | 0.002 | −5.21 | 99.19 |
Hawaii | 4 | 325,871 | 71.85 | 120,566 | 26.58 | 3,825 | 0.843 | 1,314 | 0.290 | 1,013 | 0.223 | 979 | 0.216 | 45.26 | 98.43 | ||
Idaho | 4 | 236,440 | 36.10 | 403,012 | 61.53 | 7,175 | 1.10 | 3,658 | 0.558 | 4,747 | 0.725 | −25.43 | 97.62 | ||||
Illinois | 21 | 3,419,348 | 61.92 | 2,031,179 | 36.78 | 30,948 | 0.560 | 19,642 | 0.356 | 8,256 | 0.150 | 11,838 | 0.214 | 1,160 | 0.021 | 25.14 | 98.70 |
Indiana | 11 | 1,374,039 | 49.95 | 1,345,648 | 48.91 | 909 | 0.033 | 29,257 | 1.06 | 1,024 | 0.037 | 87 | 0.003 | 90 | 0.003 | 1.03 | 98.86 |
Iowa | 7 | 828,940 | 53.93 | 682,379 | 44.39 | 8,014 | 0.521 | 4,590 | 0.299 | 4,445 | 0.289 | 1,423 | 0.093 | 7,332 | 0.477 | 9.53 | 98.32 |
Kansas | 6 | 514,765 | 41.65 | 699,655 | 56.61 | 10,527 | 0.852 | 6,706 | 0.543 | 4,148 | 0.336 | 35 | 0.003 | 36 | 0.003 | −14.96 | 98.26 |
Kentucky | 8 | 751,985 | 41.17 | 1,048,462 | 57.40 | 15,378 | 0.842 | 5,989 | 0.328 | 4,694 | 0.257 | −16.23 | 98.57 | ||||
Louisiana | 9 | 782,989 | 39.93 | 1,148,275 | 58.56 | 6,997 | 0.357 | 2,581 | 0.132 | 9,187 | 0.469 | 10,732 | 0.547 | −18.63 | 98.50 | ||
Maine | 2* | 421,923 | 57.67 | 295,273 | 40.36 | 10,636 | 1.45 | 251 | 0.034 | 177 | 0.024 | 2,900 | 0.396 | 431 | 0.059 | 17.31 | 98.03 |
Dist. ME 1 | 1 | 232,145 | 60.51 | 144,604 | 37.69 | 5,263 | 1.37 | 1,362 | 0.355 | 252 | 0.066 | 22.82 | 98.21 | ||||
Dist. ME 2 | 1 | 189,778 | 54.61 | 150,669 | 43.35 | 5,373 | 1.55 | 1,538 | 0.443 | 179 | 0.052 | 11.25 | 97.96 | ||||
Maryland | 10 | 1,629,467 | 61.92 | 959,862 | 36.47 | 14,713 | 0.559 | 9,842 | 0.374 | 3,760 | 0.143 | 4,747 | 0.180 | 9,205 | 0.350 | 25.44 | 98.39 |
Massachusetts | 12 | 1,904,097 | 61.80 | 1,108,854 | 35.99 | 28,841 | 0.936 | 13,189 | 0.428 | 4,971 | 0.161 | 6,550 | 0.213 | 14,483 | 0.470 | 25.81 | 97.79 |
Michigan | 17 | 2,872,579 | 57.43 | 2,048,639 | 40.96 | 33,085 | 0.661 | 23,716 | 0.474 | 14,685 | 0.294 | 8,892 | 0.178 | 170 | 0.003 | 16.47 | 98.39 |
Minnesota | 10 | 1,573,354 | 54.06 | 1,275,409 | 43.82 | 30,152 | 1.04 | 9,174 | 0.315 | 6,787 | 0.233 | 5,174 | 0.178 | 10,319 | 0.355 | 10.24 | 97.88 |
Mississippi | 6 | 554,662 | 43.00 | 724,597 | 56.18 | 4,011 | 0.311 | 2,529 | 0.196 | 2,551 | 0.198 | 1,034 | 0.080 | 481 | 0.037 | −13.17 | 99.18 |
Missouri | 11 | 1,441,911 | 49.29 | 1,445,814 | 49.43 | 17,813 | 0.609 | 11,386 | 0.389 | 8,201 | 0.280 | 80 | 0.003 | −0.13 | 98.72 | ||
Montana | 3 | 231,667 | 47.25 | 242,763 | 49.52 | 3,686 | 0.752 | 1,355 | 0.276 | 143 | 0.029 | 23 | 0.005 | 10,638 | 2.17 | −2.26 | 96.77 |
Nebraska | 2* | 333,319 | 41.60 | 452,979 | 56.53 | 5,406 | 0.675 | 2,740 | 0.342 | 2,972 | 0.371 | 1,028 | 0.128 | 2,837 | 0.354 | −14.93 | 98.13 |
Dist. NE 1 | 1 | 121,468 | 44.34 | 148,179 | 54.09 | 1,970 | 0.719 | 929 | 0.339 | 1,019 | 0.372 | 393 | 0.143 | −9.75 | 98.43 | ||
Dist. NE 2 | 1 | 138,752 | 49.96 | 135,439 | 48.76 | 1,621 | 0.584 | 1,007 | 0.363 | 604 | 0.217 | 321 | 0.116 | 1.19 | 98.72 | ||
Dist. NE 3 | 1 | 73,099 | 29.63 | 169,361 | 68.64 | 1,815 | 0.736 | 804 | 0.326 | 1,349 | 0.547 | 314 | 0.127 | −39.01 | 98.26 | ||
Nevada | 5 | 533,736 | 55.15 | 412,827 | 42.65 | 6,150 | 0.635 | 4,263 | 0.440 | 3,194 | 0.330 | 1,411 | 0.146 | 6,267 | 0.648 | 12.49 | 97.80 |
New Hampshire | 4 | 384,826 | 54.13 | 316,534 | 44.52 | 3,503 | 0.493 | 2,217 | 0.312 | 226 | 0.032 | 40 | 0.006 | 3,624 | 0.510 | 9.61 | 98.65 |
New Jersey | 15 | 2,215,422 | 57.27 | 1,613,207 | 41.70 | 21,298 | 0.551 | 8,441 | 0.218 | 3,956 | 0.102 | 3,636 | 0.094 | 2,277 | 0.059 | 15.57 | 98.98 |
New Mexico | 5 | 472,422 | 56.91 | 346,832 | 41.78 | 5,327 | 0.642 | 2,428 | 0.292 | 1,597 | 0.192 | 1,552 | 0.187 | 15.13 | 98.69 | ||
New York | 31 | 4,804,701 | 62.88 | 2,752,728 | 36.03 | 41,249 | 0.540 | 19,595 | 0.256 | 634 | 0.008 | 12,801 | 0.168 | 8,936 | 0.117 | 26.86 | 98.91 |
North Carolina | 15 | 2,142,651 | 49.69 | 2,128,474 | 49.36 | 1,448 | 0.034 | 25,722 | 0.596 | 158 | 0.004 | 13,942 | 0.323 | 0.33 | 99.04 | ||
North Dakota | 3 | 141,278 | 44.62 | 168,601 | 53.25 | 4,189 | 1.32 | 1,354 | 0.428 | 1,199 | 0.379 | −8.63 | 97.87 | ||||
Ohio | 20 | 2,940,044 | 51.50 | 2,677,820 | 46.91 | 42,337 | 0.742 | 19,917 | 0.349 | 12,565 | 0.220 | 8,518 | 0.149 | 7,149 | 0.125 | 4.59 | 98.41 |
Oklahoma | 7 | 502,496 | 34.35 | 960,165 | 65.65 | −31.29 | 100.00 | ||||||||||
Oregon | 7 | 1,037,291 | 56.75 | 738,475 | 40.40 | 18,614 | 1.02 | 7,635 | 0.418 | 7,693 | 0.421 | 4,543 | 0.249 | 13,613 | 0.745 | 16.35 | 97.15 |
Pennsylvania | 21 | 3,276,363 | 54.64 | 2,655,885 | 44.29 | 42,977 | 0.717 | 19,912 | 0.332 | 1,092 | 0.018 | 10.35 | 98.93 | ||||
Rhode Island | 4 | 296,571 | 63.13 | 165,391 | 35.21 | 4,829 | 1.03 | 1,382 | 0.294 | 675 | 0.144 | 797 | 0.170 | 122 | 0.026 | 27.92 | 98.34 |
South Carolina | 8 | 862,449 | 44.90 | 1,034,896 | 53.87 | 5,053 | 0.263 | 7,283 | 0.379 | 6,827 | 0.355 | 4,461 | 0.232 | −8.98 | 98.77 | ||
South Dakota | 3 | 170,924 | 44.75 | 203,054 | 53.16 | 4,267 | 1.12 | 1,835 | 0.480 | 1,895 | 0.496 | −8.41 | 97.91 | ||||
Tennessee | 11 | 1,087,437 | 41.83 | 1,479,178 | 56.90 | 11,560 | 0.445 | 8,547 | 0.329 | 8,191 | 0.315 | 2,499 | 0.096 | 2,337 | 0.090 | −15.07 | 98.73 |
Texas | 34 | 3,528,633 | 43.68 | 4,479,328 | 55.45 | 5,440 | 0.067 | 56,116 | 0.695 | 5,395 | 0.067 | 831 | 0.010 | 2,781 | 0.034 | −11.77 | 99.13 |
Utah | 5 | 327,670 | 34.41 | 596,030 | 62.58 | 8,416 | 0.884 | 6,966 | 0.731 | 12,012 | 1.26 | 982 | 0.103 | 294 | 0.031 | −28.18 | 96.99 |
Vermont | 3 | 219,262 | 67.44 | 98,974 | 30.44 | 3,339 | 1.03 | 1,067 | 0.328 | 500 | 0.154 | 66 | 0.020 | 1,904 | 0.586 | 37.00 | 97.89 |
Virginia | 13 | 1,959,532 | 52.63 | 1,725,005 | 46.33 | 11,483 | 0.308 | 11,067 | 0.297 | 7,474 | 0.201 | 2,344 | 0.063 | 6,355 | 0.171 | 6.30 | 98.96 |
Washington | 11 | 1,750,848 | 57.65 | 1,229,216 | 40.48 | 29,489 | 0.971 | 12,728 | 0.419 | 9,432 | 0.311 | 3,819 | 0.126 | 1,346 | 0.044 | 17.18 | 98.13 |
West Virginia | 5 | 303,857 | 42.59 | 397,466 | 55.71 | 7,219 | 1.01 | 2,465 | 0.346 | 2,355 | 0.330 | 89 | 0.012 | −13.12 | 98.30 | ||
Wisconsin | 10 | 1,677,211 | 56.22 | 1,262,393 | 42.31 | 17,605 | 0.590 | 8,858 | 0.297 | 5,072 | 0.170 | 4,216 | 0.141 | 8,062 | 0.270 | 13.90 | 98.53 |
Wyoming | 3 | 82,868 | 32.54 | 164,958 | 64.78 | 2,525 | 0.992 | 1,594 | 0.626 | 1,192 | 0.468 | 1,521 | 0.597 | −32.24 | 97.32 | ||
Total AS | 538 | 69,498,215 | 52.93 | 59,948,240 | 45.66 | 738,721 | 0.563 | 523,713 | 0.399 | 199,437 | 0.152 | 161,680 | 0.123 | 226,979 | 0.173 | 7.27 | 98.59 |
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Suara populer menurut daerah. Merah mewakili daerah yang diungguli McCain, Biru mewakili daerah yang diungguli Obama. Connecticut, Hawaii, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, Rhode Island, dan Vermont memiliki semua daerah yang diungguli Obama. Alaska dan Oklahoma membuat semua daerah diungguli McCain.
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Suara populer presiden menurut daerah dalam skala dari merah/Republik ke biru/Demokrat.
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Pemungutan suara bergeser per daerah dari Pemilu 2004 sampai 2008. Warna biru yang lebih gelap menunjukkan bahwa daerah tersebut memilih lebih Demokrat. Merah yang lebih gelap menunjukkan bahwa daerah tersebut memilih lebih Republik.
Referensi
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ "2008 General Election Turnout Rates". George Mason University. 2012. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2013-01-12. Diakses tanggal October 29, 2012.
- ^ a b c d http://www.fec.gov/pubrec/fe2008/2008presgeresults.pdf
- ^ "United States House of Representatives floor summary for Jan 8, 2009". Clerk.house.gov. Diakses tanggal 30 Januari 2009.
- ^ http://www-personal.umich.edu/~mejn/election/2008/