Imigrasi ke Australia: Perbedaan antara revisi

Konten dihapus Konten ditambahkan

Sebaris

Revisi terkini sejak 16 September 2023 12.05

Imigrasi ke benua Australia diperkirakan telah dimulai sekitar 50.000 tahun yang lalu^[1] ketika nenek moyang Aborigin Australia tiba di benua melalui pulau-pulau Kepulauan Melayu dan Nugini.

Penduduk Eropa pertama mendarat tahun 1600-an dan 1700-an, tetapi kolonisasi baru dimulai tahun 1788.

Seluruh tingkat imigrasi telah meningkat selama satu setengah dasawarsa terakhir. Migrasi luar negeri meningkat dari 30.042 tahun 1992-93^[2] menjadi 177.600 tahun 2006-07.^[3] Ini merupakan tingkat tertinggi yang pernah tercatat. Komponen terbesar imigrasi adalah migrasi berkemampuan dan program penyatuan keluarga. Dalam tahun-tahun belakangan ini, penahanan wajib kedatangan tak resmi melalui kapal telah menuai banyak kontroversi.

Selama 2004-05, 123.424 orang berimigrasi ke Australia. Dari jumlah tersebut, 17.736 dari Afrika, 54.804 dari Asia, 21.131 dari Oseania, 18.200 dari Britania Raya, 1.506 dari Amerika Selatan, dan 2.369 dari Eropa Timur.^[4]

131.000 orang bermigrasi ke Australia tahun 2005-06^[5] dan target migrasi untuk 2006-07 adalah 143.000.^[6] Tingkat perencanaan untuk Program Migrasi 2007-08 telah diatur mulai dari 142 800 hingga 152 800, plus 13 000 dalam Program Kemanusiaan.^[7] Tahun 2008-09 sekitar 300.000 migran baru diperkirakan tiba di Australia, jumlah tertinggi sejak Perang Dunia II.^[8]^[9] Tetapi, bulan Maret 2009, Pemerintah Australia mengumumkan pemotongan 14 persen dalam program migrasi berkemampuan permanen 2008-09 dari 133 500 menjadi 115 000 karena kondisi ekonomi yang buruk.^[10]

Negara kelahiran penduduk Australia

Menurut Australian Bureau of Statistics^[12] pada pertengahan 2006, 4.956.863 penduduk Australia lahir di luar Australia, mewakili 24% total jumlah penduduk Australia.

Negara kelahiran	Jumlah penduduk^[13]
Britania Raya	1.153.264
Selandia Baru	476.719
Cina	279.447
Italia	220.469
Vietnam	180.352
India	153.579
Filipina	135.619
Yunani	125.849
Makedonia	120.649
Afrika Selatan	118.816
Jerman	114.921
Malaysia	103.947
Belanda	86.950
Lebanon	86.599
Sri Lanka	70.908
Serbia dan Montenegro	68.879
Indonesia	67.952
Amerika Serikat	64.832
Polandia	59.221
Fiji	58.815
Irlandia	57.338
Kroasia	56.540
Bosnia-Herzegovina	48.762

Pola pemukiman

Ada beberapa perbedaan dalam pola pemukiman, sebagaimana yang ditunjukkan statistik Sensus 2006.^[14]

New South Wales memiliki jumlah penduduk terbesar, dan jumlah penduduk kelahiran asing terbesar di Australia (1.544.023). Beberapa kebangsaan yang terkonsentrasi tinggi di negara bagian ini: 74.5% penduduk yang tinggal di New South Wales lahir di Lebanon, 63.1% di Irak, 63.0% di Korea Selatan, 59.4% di Fiji dan 59.4% di Cina.

Victoria, negara bagian terpadat kedua, juga memiliki jumlah penduduk kelahiran asing terbesar kedua (1.161.984). 50.6% penduduk Australia yang menetap di negara bagian ini lahir di Sri Lanka, 50.1% di Turki, 49.4% di Yunani dan 41.6% di Italia.

Australia Barat, dengan 528.827 penduduk kelahiran asing memiliki pembagian penduduk kelahiran asing tertinggi. Negara bagian ini menarik 29.6% semua penduduk Australia kelahiran Singapura, dan berada di belakang New South Wales yang memiliki penduduk terbesar kelahiran Britania.

Queensland memiliki 695.525 penduduk kelahiran asing, dan menarik pembagian penduduk terbesar kelahiran Papua Nugini (52.4%) dan Selandia Baru (38.2%).

Lihat pula

Demografi Sydney
Demografi Australia
Department of Immigration and Citizenship
ChilOut (Children Out of Detention)
Imigrasi setelah perang ke Australia

Catatan kaki

^ Smith, Debra (2007-05-09). "Out of Africa - Aboriginal origins uncovered". The Sydney Morning Herald. Diakses tanggal 2008-06-05. Aboriginal Australians are descended from the same small group of people who left Africa about 70,000 years ago and colonised the rest of the world, a large genetic study shows. After arriving in Australia and New Guinea about 50,000 years ago, the settlers evolved in relative isolation, developing unique genetic characteristics and technology.
^ Australian Bureau of Statistics, International migration
^ Australian Bureau of Statistics, 3101.0 Australian Demographic Statistics Diarsipkan 2008-06-04 di Wayback Machine.
^ Inflow of foreign-born population by country of birth, by year
^ "Settler numbers on the rise". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2007-12-01. Diakses tanggal 2009-10-31.
^ Australian Bureau of Statistics, Australian Government - Department of Immigration and Citizenship: Key Facts in Immigration Diarsipkan 2015-06-30 di Wayback Machine.
^ "Australian Immigration Fact Sheet 20. Migration Program Planning Levels". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-07-11. Diakses tanggal 2009-10-31.
^ Iggulden, Tom (11/06/2008). "Immigration intake to rise to 300,000". Lateline. Australian Broadcasting Corporation.
^ 300,000 skilled workers needed - Evans, NEWS.com.au
^ [1] Diarsipkan 2009-04-03 di Wayback Machine. Government cuts migration program
^ Australian Bureau of Statistics, accessed 9 December 2007
^ 3412.0 Migration, Australia (2005-06)
^ [2]. Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2006. Last accessed 18 November 2007.
^ 2006 Census Data: View by Location Or Topic

Commonwealth of Australia. Migration Act 1958
Department of Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs. Fact Sheet 82, Immigration Detention Diarsipkan 2006-04-11 di Wayback Machine., 2004

Pranala luar

A public forum, where migration applicants may get free advice from Australian Migration Agents
Economic Benefits of Migration, DIMIA 2002.
Worswick, C. The Economics of the Immigration Debate Diarsipkan 2009-02-11 di Wayback Machine., Department of Economics, University of Melbourne.
Costello hope for skilled migrant intake
NSW training Chinese workers
Origins: Immigrant Communities in Victoria - Immigration Museum, Victoria, Australia Diarsipkan 2016-03-05 di Wayback Machine.
NSW Migration Heritage Centre, Australia
People who immigrate to Australia Diarsipkan 2009-10-29 di Wayback Machine.
The Migration Agents Registration Authority (The MARA) Diarsipkan 2008-09-05 di Wayback Machine.
Foreigners with TB, leprosy may be banned
Australian State of Queensland skilled and business migration information site
Information about current immigration to Australia with news, features and resources Diarsipkan 2009-09-30 di Wayback Machine.
Pindah ke Australia Gratis, Guide to Moving to Australia Diarsipkan 2014-05-05 di Wayback Machine.

[SMH_Origins-1] Smith, Debra (2007-05-09). "Out of Africa - Aboriginal origins uncovered". The Sydney Morning Herald. Diakses tanggal 2008-06-05. Aboriginal Australians are descended from the same small group of people who left Africa about 70,000 years ago and colonised the rest of the world, a large genetic study shows. After arriving in Australia and New Guinea about 50,000 years ago, the settlers evolved in relative isolation, developing unique genetic characteristics and technology.

[abs-2] Australian Bureau of Statistics, International migration

[abs2-3] Australian Bureau of Statistics, 3101.0 Australian Demographic Statistics Diarsipkan 2008-06-04 di Wayback Machine.

[4] Inflow of foreign-born population by country of birth, by year

[5] "Settler numbers on the rise". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2007-12-01. Diakses tanggal 2009-10-31.

[6] Australian Bureau of Statistics, Australian Government - Department of Immigration and Citizenship: Key Facts in Immigration Diarsipkan 2015-06-30 di Wayback Machine.

[7] "Australian Immigration Fact Sheet 20. Migration Program Planning Levels". Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2012-07-11. Diakses tanggal 2009-10-31.

[8] Iggulden, Tom (11/06/2008). "Immigration intake to rise to 300,000". Lateline. Australian Broadcasting Corporation.

[9] 300,000 skilled workers needed - Evans, NEWS.com.au

[10] [1] Diarsipkan 2009-04-03 di Wayback Machine. Government cuts migration program

[11] Australian Bureau of Statistics, accessed 9 December 2007

[12] 3412.0 Migration, Australia (2005-06)

[13] [2]. Australian Bureau of Statistics. 2006. Last accessed 18 November 2007.

[14] 2006 Census Data: View by Location Or Topic

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[2]

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@@ Baris 1: / Baris 1: @@
-Imigrasi ke benua Australia diperkirakan telah dimulai sekitar 50.000 tahun yang lalu<ref name="SMH_Origins">{{cite web | url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/out-of-africa--aboriginal-origins-uncovered/2007/05/08/1178390312301.html | title=Out of Africa - Aboriginal origins uncovered | publisher=''[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]''|last = Smith| first = Debra| | date=2007-05-09 | accessdate=2008-06-05|quote = Aboriginal Australians are descended from the same small group of people who left Africa about 70,000 years ago and colonised the rest of the world, a large genetic study shows. After arriving in Australia and New Guinea about 50,000 years ago, the settlers evolved in relative isolation, developing unique genetic characteristics and technology.}}</ref> ketika nenek moyang [[Aborigin Australia]] tiba di benua melalui pulau-pulau [[Kepulauan Melayu]] dan [[Nugini]].
+'''Imigrasi ke benua Australia''' diperkirakan telah dimulai sekitar 50.000 tahun yang lalu<ref name="SMH_Origins">{{cite web | url=http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/out-of-africa--aboriginal-origins-uncovered/2007/05/08/1178390312301.html | title=Out of Africa - Aboriginal origins uncovered | publisher=''[[The Sydney Morning Herald]]''|last = Smith| first = Debra| | date=2007-05-09 | accessdate=2008-06-05|quote = Aboriginal Australians are descended from the same small group of people who left Africa about 70,000 years ago and colonised the rest of the world, a large genetic study shows. After arriving in Australia and New Guinea about 50,000 years ago, the settlers evolved in relative isolation, developing unique genetic characteristics and technology.}}</ref> ketika nenek moyang [[Aborigin Australia]] tiba di benua melalui pulau-pulau [[Kepulauan Melayu]] dan [[Nugini]].
-Penduduk [[Rumpun etnis Eropa|Eropa]] pertama mendarat tahun 1600-an dan 1700-an, tapi [[Kolonialisme|kolonisasi]] baru dimulai tahun 1788.
+Penduduk [[Rumpun etnis Eropa|Eropa]] pertama mendarat tahun 1600-an dan 1700-an, tetapi [[Kolonialisme|kolonisasi]] baru dimulai tahun 1788.
-Seluruh tingkat imigrasi telah meningkat selama satu setengah dasawarsa terakhir. Migrasi luar negeri meningkat dari 30.042 tahun 1992-93<ref name="abs">Australian Bureau of Statistics, [http://www.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/abs@.nsf/0/0BD75000987B71A0CA256F7200832F19?Open International migration]</ref> menjadi 177.600 tahun 2006-07.<ref name="abs2">Australian Bureau of Statistics, [http://www.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/abs%40.nsf/b06660592430724fca2568b5007b8619/6949409dc8b8fb92ca256bc60001b3d1!OpenDocument 3101.0 Australian Demographic Statistics]</ref> Ini merupakan tingkat tertinggi yang pernah tercatat. Komponen terbesar [[imigrasi]] adalah migrasi berkemampuan dan program penyatuan keluarga. Dalam tahun-tahun belakangan ini, [[penahanan wajib di Australia|penahanan wajib]] [[kedatangan tak resmi]] [[orang kapal|melalui kapal]] telah menuai banyak kontroversi.
+Seluruh tingkat imigrasi telah meningkat selama satu setengah dasawarsa terakhir. Migrasi luar negeri meningkat dari 30.042 tahun 1992-93<ref name="abs">Australian Bureau of Statistics, [http://www.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/abs@.nsf/0/0BD75000987B71A0CA256F7200832F19?Open International migration]</ref> menjadi 177.600 tahun 2006-07.<ref name="abs2">Australian Bureau of Statistics, [http://www.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/abs%40.nsf/b06660592430724fca2568b5007b8619/6949409dc8b8fb92ca256bc60001b3d1!OpenDocument 3101.0 Australian Demographic Statistics] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080604192353/http://www.abs.gov.au/Ausstats/abs%40.nsf/b06660592430724fca2568b5007b8619/6949409dc8b8fb92ca256bc60001b3d1!OpenDocument |date=2008-06-04 }}</ref> Ini merupakan tingkat tertinggi yang pernah tercatat. Komponen terbesar [[imigrasi]] adalah migrasi berkemampuan dan program penyatuan keluarga. Dalam tahun-tahun belakangan ini, [[penahanan wajib di Australia|penahanan wajib]] [[kedatangan tak resmi]] [[orang kapal|melalui kapal]] telah menuai banyak kontroversi.
 Selama 2004-05, 123.424 orang berimigrasi ke Australia. Dari jumlah tersebut, 17.736 dari Afrika, 54.804 dari Asia, 21.131 dari [[Oseania]], 18.200 dari Britania Raya, 1.506 dari Amerika Selatan, dan 2.369 dari [[Eropa Timur]].<ref>[http://www.migrationinformation.org/datahub/countrydata/country.cfm Inflow of foreign-born population by country of birth, by year]</ref>
-.000 orang bermigrasi ke Australia tahun 2005-06<ref>[http://www.minister.immi.gov.au/media/media-releases/2006/v06297.htm Settler numbers on the rise]</ref> dan target migrasi untuk 2006-07 adalah 143.000.<ref>Australian Bureau of Statistics, [http://www.immi.gov.au/media/fact-sheets/02key.htm#e Australian Government - Department of Immigration and Citizenship: Key Facts in Immigration]</ref> Tingkat perencanaan untuk Program Migrasi 2007-08 telah diatur mulai dari 142 800 hingga 152 800, plus 13 000 dalam Program Kemanusiaan.<ref>[http://www.immi.gov.au/media/fact-sheets/20planning.htm Australian Immigration Fact Sheet 20. Migration Program Planning Levels]</ref> Tahun 2008-09 sekitar 300.000 migran baru diperkirakan tiba di Australia, jumlah tertinggi sejak [[Perang Dunia II]].<ref>{{cite news|url = http://www.abc.net.au/lateline/content/2007/s2272014.htm |title = Immigration intake to rise to 300,000| publisher = Australian Broadcasting Corporation | work = Lateline|date = 11/06/2008| first = Tom |last = Iggulden}}</ref><ref>[http://www.news.com.au/story/0,23599,23714642-421,00.html 300,000 skilled workers needed - Evans], NEWS.com.au</ref> Tetapi, bulan Maret 2009, Pemerintah Australia mengumumkan pemotongan 14 persen dalam program migrasi berkemampuan permanen 2008-09 dari 133 500 menjadi 115 000 karena kondisi ekonomi yang buruk. <ref> [http://www.minister.immi.gov.au/media/media-releases/2009/ce09030.htm] Government cuts migration program</ref>
+.000 orang bermigrasi ke Australia tahun 2005-06<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.minister.immi.gov.au/media/media-releases/2006/v06297.htm |title=Settler numbers on the rise |access-date=2009-10-31 |archive-date=2007-12-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071201013657/http://www.minister.immi.gov.au/media/media-releases/2006/v06297.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref> dan target migrasi untuk 2006-07 adalah 143.000.<ref>Australian Bureau of Statistics, [http://www.immi.gov.au/media/fact-sheets/02key.htm#e Australian Government - Department of Immigration and Citizenship: Key Facts in Immigration] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20150630045031/http://www.immi.gov.au/media/fact-sheets/02key.htm#e |date=2015-06-30 }}</ref> Tingkat perencanaan untuk Program Migrasi 2007-08 telah diatur mulai dari 142 800 hingga 152 800, plus 13 000 dalam Program Kemanusiaan.<ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.immi.gov.au/media/fact-sheets/20planning.htm |title=Australian Immigration Fact Sheet 20. Migration Program Planning Levels |access-date=2009-10-31 |archive-date=2012-07-11 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120711220926/http://www.immi.gov.au/media/fact-sheets/20planning.htm |dead-url=yes }}</ref> Tahun 2008-09 sekitar 300.000 migran baru diperkirakan tiba di Australia, jumlah tertinggi sejak [[Perang Dunia II]].<ref>{{cite news|url = http://www.abc.net.au/lateline/content/2007/s2272014.htm|title = Immigration intake to rise to 300,000|publisher = Australian Broadcasting Corporation|work = Lateline|date = 11/06/2008|first = Tom|last = Iggulden}}</ref><ref>[https://web.archive.org/web/20080518055129/http://www.news.com.au/story/0,23599,23714642-421,00.html 300,000 skilled workers needed - Evans], NEWS.com.au</ref> Tetapi, bulan Maret 2009, Pemerintah Australia mengumumkan pemotongan 14 persen dalam program migrasi berkemampuan permanen 2008-09 dari 133 500 menjadi 115 000 karena kondisi ekonomi yang buruk.<ref>[http://www.minister.immi.gov.au/media/media-releases/2009/ce09030.htm] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090403020136/http://www.minister.immi.gov.au/media/media-releases/2009/ce09030.htm |date=2009-04-03 }} Government cuts migration program</ref>
 == Negara kelahiran penduduk Australia ==
-[[Image:Australian PR COB 2006.PNG|right|thumb|450px|Negara kelahiran penduduk Australia, 2006.<br />Sumber:Australian Bureau of Statistics<ref>[http://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/ausstats/subscriber.nsf/0/E0A79B147EA8E0B5CA2572AC001813E8/$File/34120_2005-06.pdf Australian Bureau of Statistics], accessed 9 December 2007</ref>]]
+[[Berkas:Australian PR COB 2006.PNG|ka|jmpl|450px|Negara kelahiran penduduk Australia, 2006.<br />Sumber:Australian Bureau of Statistics<ref>[http://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/ausstats/subscriber.nsf/0/E0A79B147EA8E0B5CA2572AC001813E8/$File/34120_2005-06.pdf Australian Bureau of Statistics], accessed 9 December 2007</ref>]]
 Menurut [[Australian Bureau of Statistics]]<ref>[http://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/ausstats/subscriber.nsf/0/E0A79B147EA8E0B5CA2572AC001813E8/$File/34120_2005-06.pdf 3412.0 Migration, Australia (2005-06)<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref> pada pertengahan 2006, 4.956.863 penduduk Australia lahir di luar Australia, mewakili 24% total jumlah penduduk Australia.
 {| class="wikitable" border="1"
@@ Baris 17: / Baris 17: @@
 !Jumlah penduduk<ref>[http://www.ausstats.abs.gov.au/ausstats/subscriber.nsf/0/E0A79B147EA8E0B5CA2572AC001813E8/$File/34120_2005-06.pdf]. ''[[Australian Bureau of Statistics]]''. 2006. Last accessed 18 November 2007.</ref>
-<br/>
+<br />
 |-
 |[[Britania Raya]] ||1.153.264
@@ Baris 66: / Baris 66: @@
 |}
+=== Pola pemukiman ===
+Ada beberapa perbedaan dalam pola pemukiman, sebagaimana yang ditunjukkan statistik Sensus 2006.<ref>[http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/ABSNavigation/prenav/ProductSelect?newproducttype=Census+Tables&btnSelectProduct=Select+Location+or+Topic+%3E&collection=Census&period=2006&areacode=&geography=&method=&productlabel=&producttype=&topic=&navmapdisplayed=true&javascript=true&breadcrumb=P&topholder=0&leftholder=0&currentaction=201&action=601&textversion=false 2006 Census Data: View by Location Or Topic<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
-===Pola pemukiman===
-Ada beberapa perbedaan dalam pola pemukiman, sebagaimana yang ditunjukkan statistik Sensus 2006.<ref>[http://www.censusdata.abs.gov.au/ABSNavigation/prenav/ProductSelect?newproducttype=Census+Tables&btnSelectProduct=Select+Location+or+Topic+%3E&collection=Census&period=2006&areacode=&geography=&method=&productlabel=&producttype=&topic=&navmapdisplayed=true&javascript=true&breadcrumb=P&topholder=0&leftholder=0&currentaction=201&action=601&textversion=false 2006 Census Data : View by Location Or Topic<!-- Bot generated title -->]</ref>
 [[New South Wales]] memiliki jumlah penduduk terbesar, dan jumlah penduduk kelahiran asing terbesar di Australia (1.544.023). Beberapa kebangsaan yang terkonsentrasi tinggi di negara bagian ini: 74.5% penduduk yang tinggal di [[New South Wales]] lahir di [[Lebanon]], 63.1% di Irak, 63.0% di Korea Selatan, 59.4% di [[Fiji]] dan 59.4% di Cina.
@@ Baris 79: / Baris 78: @@
 Queensland memiliki 695.525 penduduk kelahiran asing, dan menarik pembagian penduduk terbesar kelahiran [[Papua Nugini]] (52.4%) dan Selandia Baru (38.2%).
-==Lihat pula==
+== Lihat pula ==
-*[[Demografi Sydney]]
+* [[Demografi Sydney]]
-*[[Demografi Australia]]
+* [[Demografi Australia]]
-*[[Departemen Imigrasi dan Kependudukan (Australia)|Department of Immigration and Citizenship]]
+* [[Departemen Imigrasi dan Kependudukan (Australia)|Department of Immigration and Citizenship]]
-*[[ChilOut]] (Children Out of Detention)
+* [[ChilOut]] (Children Out of Detention)
-*[[Imigrasi setelah perang ke Australia]]
+* [[Imigrasi setelah perang ke Australia]]
-==Catatan kaki==
+== Catatan kaki ==
 {{reflist|colwidth=30em}}
 <!-- the following two references should be replaced with <ref> tags where they are referenced in the article ~~~~ -->
-*Commonwealth of Australia. ''[http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ma1958118/ Migration Act 1958]''
+* Commonwealth of Australia. ''[http://www.austlii.edu.au/au/legis/cth/consol_act/ma1958118/ Migration Act 1958]''
-*Department of Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs. [http://www.immi.gov.au/facts/82detention.htm Fact Sheet 82, Immigration Detention], 2004
+* Department of Immigration and Multicultural and Indigenous Affairs. [http://www.immi.gov.au/facts/82detention.htm Fact Sheet 82, Immigration Detention] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060411074920/http://www.immi.gov.au/facts/82detention.htm |date=2006-04-11 }}, 2004
 </div>
 <!-- dead references:
@@ Baris 97: / Baris 96: @@
 -->
-==Pranala luar==
+== Pranala luar ==
-*[http://forum.migrationhelp.com.au/ A public forum, where migration applicants may get free advice from Australian Migration Agents]
+* [http://forum.migrationhelp.com.au/ A public forum, where migration applicants may get free advice from Australian Migration Agents]
-*[http://www.immi.gov.au/statistics/publications/popflows2002_3/ch6_pt3.pdf Economic Benefits of Migration], DIMIA 2002.
+* [https://web.archive.org/web/20060219083834/http://www.immi.gov.au/statistics/publications/popflows2002_3/ch6_pt3.pdf Economic Benefits of Migration], DIMIA 2002.
-*Worswick, C. [http://www.economics.unimelb.edu.au/TLdevelopment/econochat/WorswickEcon7.html The Economics of the Immigration Debate], Department of Economics, University of Melbourne.
+* Worswick, C. [http://www.economics.unimelb.edu.au/TLdevelopment/econochat/WorswickEcon7.html The Economics of the Immigration Debate] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090211050816/http://www.economics.unimelb.edu.au/TLdevelopment/econochat/WorswickEcon7.html |date=2009-02-11 }}, Department of Economics, University of Melbourne.
-*[http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/08/23/1093246434985.html Costello hope for skilled migrant intake]
+* [http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2004/08/23/1093246434985.html Costello hope for skilled migrant intake]
-*[http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/nsw-training-chinese-workers/2006/10/02/1159641266535.html NSW training Chinese workers]
+* [http://www.smh.com.au/news/national/nsw-training-chinese-workers/2006/10/02/1159641266535.html NSW training Chinese workers]
-*[http://museumvictoria.com.au/origins/about.aspx Origins: Immigrant Communities in Victoria - Immigration Museum, Victoria, Australia]
+* [http://museumvictoria.com.au/origins/about.aspx Origins: Immigrant Communities in Victoria - Immigration Museum, Victoria, Australia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160305070835/http://museumvictoria.com.au/origins/about.aspx |date=2016-03-05 }}
-*[http://www.migrationheritage.nsw.gov.au/ NSW Migration Heritage Centre, Australia]
+* [http://www.migrationheritage.nsw.gov.au/ NSW Migration Heritage Centre, Australia]
-*[http://www.shipping2australia.com/immigration-to-australia.htm People who immigrate to Australia]
+* [http://www.shipping2australia.com/immigration-to-australia.htm People who immigrate to Australia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20091029110944/http://www.shipping2australia.com/immigration-to-australia.htm |date=2009-10-29 }}
-*[http://www.themara.com.au/ The Migration Agents Registration Authority (The MARA)]
+* [http://www.themara.com.au/ The Migration Agents Registration Authority (The MARA)] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080905132914/http://www.themara.com.au/ |date=2008-09-05 }}
-*[http://www.news.com.au/story/0,23599,21764725-2,00.html?from=public_rss Foreigners with TB, leprosy may be banned]
+* [https://archive.today/20121231221320/www.news.com.au/story/0,23599,21764725-2,00.html?from=public_rss Foreigners with TB, leprosy may be banned]
-*[http://www.workliveplay.qld.gov.au/ Australian State of Queensland skilled and business migration information site]
+* [http://www.workliveplay.qld.gov.au/ Australian State of Queensland skilled and business migration information site]
-*[http://www.embraceaustralia.com/ Information about current immigration to Australia with news, features and resources]
+* [http://www.embraceaustralia.com/ Information about current immigration to Australia with news, features and resources] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090930202821/http://www.embraceaustralia.com/ |date=2009-09-30 }}
+* [http://www.newinoz.com/id Pindah ke Australia Gratis, Guide to Moving to Australia] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140505040707/http://newinoz.com/id/ |date=2014-05-05 }}
 {{Topik Australia}}
 {{Topik Oseania|Imigrasi ke}}
-[[Kategori:Imigrasi ke Australia|*]]
+[[Kategori:Imigrasi ke Australia| ]]
+[[Kategori:Sejarah Australia]]
-[[en:Immigration to Australia]]
-[[ru:Иммиграция в Австралию]]
-[[zh:澳大利亚移民史]]

l b s Australia
Negara bagian	Teritorial Ibu Kota Australia · New South Wales · Teritorial Utara · Queensland · Australia Selatan · Tasmania · Victoria · Australia Barat
Teritori	Kepulauan Ashmore dan Cartier · Kepulauan Cocos (Keeling) · Kepulauan Laut Koral · Pulau Heard dan Kepulauan McDonald · Pulau Natal · Pulau Norfolk · Teritori Antarktika Australia · Teritori Teluk Jervis

l b s Imigrasi ke Oseania
Negara berdaulat	Australia Federasi Mikronesia Fiji Kepulauan Marshall Kepulauan Solomon Kiribati Nauru Palau Papua Nugini Samoa Selandia Baru Timor Leste¹ Tonga Tuvalu Vanuatu
Dependensi dan wilayah lain	Kepulauan Cocos (Keeling) Kepulauan Cook Guam Hawaii Kaledonia Baru Kepulauan Mariana Utara Pulau Natal Niue Pulau Norfolk Pulau Paskah Kepulauan Pitcairn Polinesia Prancis Samoa Amerika Tokelau Wallis dan Futuna
¹ Terkadang dimasukkan ke Asia.