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[[Berkas:Reine panoramic Lofoten.jpg|jmpl|200px|[[Reine]] merupakan desa penghasil ikan tangkapan berupa [[kod]] yang telah berlangsung selama lebih dari 1000 tahun, di [[Lofoten]], Norwegia]] |
[[Berkas:Reine panoramic Lofoten.jpg|jmpl|200px|[[Reine]] merupakan desa penghasil ikan tangkapan berupa [[kod]] yang telah berlangsung selama lebih dari 1000 tahun, di [[Lofoten]], Norwegia]] |
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'''Desa nelayan''' adalah sebuah [[desa]] yang berlokasi dekat dengan kawasan penangkapan ikan dengan perekonomian yang berbasis pada [[perikanan tangkap]] dan [[pemrosesan ikan]]. |
'''Desa nelayan''' adalah sebuah [[desa]] yang berlokasi dekat dengan kawasan [[penangkapan ikan]] dengan perekonomian yang berbasis pada [[perikanan tangkap]] dan [[pemrosesan ikan]]. |
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== Karakter == |
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Di negara miskin dan negara berkembang, desa nelayan cenderung tidak mengalami perubahan berarti sejak terbentuknya desa tersebut.<ref>Tietze, U., Groenewold, G. & Marcoux, A. (2000)[http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/X8294E/X8294E00.htm#TOC ''Demographic change in coastal fishing communities and its implications for the coastal environment''] [[FAO]] Fisheries Technical Paper 403. Rome.</ref> Sedangkan di negara maju, desa nelayan akan berubah karena faktor [[sosial ekonomi|ekonomi]] dan kompleksitas [[sosiologi]] seperti [[urbanisasi]].<ref>{{cite web | title = The Effects of Urbanization and Social Orientation| publisher= | year =| url = http://www.ling.upenn.edu/NWAV/abstracts/nwav36_childs_vanherk_thorburn.pdf |
Di negara miskin dan negara berkembang, desa nelayan cenderung tidak mengalami perubahan berarti sejak terbentuknya desa tersebut.<ref>Tietze, U., Groenewold, G. & Marcoux, A. (2000)[http://www.fao.org/docrep/005/X8294E/X8294E00.htm#TOC ''Demographic change in coastal fishing communities and its implications for the coastal environment''] [[FAO]] Fisheries Technical Paper 403. Rome.</ref> Sedangkan di negara maju, desa nelayan akan berubah karena faktor [[sosial ekonomi|ekonomi]] dan kompleksitas [[sosiologi]] seperti [[urbanisasi]].<ref>{{cite web | title = The Effects of Urbanization and Social Orientation| publisher= | year =| url = http://www.ling.upenn.edu/NWAV/abstracts/nwav36_childs_vanherk_thorburn.pdf |
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| format = | doi = | accessdate = 2008-12-21}}</ref> Sepanjang waktu, desa nelayan akan berkembang dari desa yang menunjang kehidupan [[nelayan tradisional]] hingga menjadi wilayah dengan industri perikanan yang maju, bahkan berkembang menjadi kota besar dan perdagangan, seperti yang terjadi pada [[Shanghai]] di pinggir delta [[Sungai Yangtze]].<ref>[http://www.streetdirectory.com/travel_guide/209653/asia_destinations/shanghai_was_a_seaside_fishing_village.html Shanghai was once a seaside fishing village] Streetdirectory.com. Diakses 20 April 2009.</ref> [[Destin, Florida]] telah berkembang menjadi resort yang didedikasikan untuk turis yang memiliki [[kapal pemancingan rekreasi]] ukuran besar.<ref>[http://www.destinchamber.com/destin/history-fishing.asp History of the World’s Luckiest Fishing Village] The Destin Area Chamber of Commerce. Diakses 21 April 2009.</ref> Pemerintah Korea Selatan pun diketahui dengan sengaja membangun desa nelayan baru karena kemampuan desa nelayan dalam menarik wisatawan.<ref>Henderson J C (2002) [http://www.jcu.edu.au/business/idc/groups/public/documents/journal_article/jcudev_012848.pdf "Tourism and Politics in the Korean Peninsula"] ''The Journal of Tourism Studies'', '''13''' (2).</ref> Dan di China pada tahun 2004 memiliki lebih dari 8000 desa nelayan.<ref name=Zhijie2008>Zhijie G, Yingliang X, Xiangguo Z, Yong W, Daobo A and Sugiyama S (2008) [ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/010//i0111e/i0111e00.pdf ''Review of fishery information and data collection systems in China''] FAO Fisheries Circular No. 1029, p. 46. Rome. ISBN 978-92-5-105979-1.</ref> |
| format = | doi = | accessdate = 2008-12-21}}</ref> Sepanjang waktu, desa nelayan akan berkembang dari desa yang menunjang kehidupan [[nelayan tradisional]] hingga menjadi wilayah dengan industri perikanan yang maju, bahkan berkembang menjadi kota besar dan perdagangan, seperti yang terjadi pada [[Shanghai]] di pinggir delta [[Sungai Yangtze]].<ref>[http://www.streetdirectory.com/travel_guide/209653/asia_destinations/shanghai_was_a_seaside_fishing_village.html Shanghai was once a seaside fishing village] Streetdirectory.com. Diakses 20 April 2009.</ref> [[Destin, Florida]] telah berkembang menjadi resort yang didedikasikan untuk turis yang memiliki [[kapal pemancingan rekreasi]] ukuran besar.<ref>[http://www.destinchamber.com/destin/history-fishing.asp History of the World’s Luckiest Fishing Village] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071116180137/http://www.destinchamber.com/destin/history-fishing.asp |date=2007-11-16 }} The Destin Area Chamber of Commerce. Diakses 21 April 2009.</ref> Pemerintah Korea Selatan pun diketahui dengan sengaja membangun desa nelayan baru karena kemampuan desa nelayan dalam menarik wisatawan.<ref>Henderson J C (2002) [http://www.jcu.edu.au/business/idc/groups/public/documents/journal_article/jcudev_012848.pdf "Tourism and Politics in the Korean Peninsula"]{{Pranala mati|date=Desember 2022 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} ''The Journal of Tourism Studies'', '''13''' (2).</ref> Dan di China pada tahun 2004 memiliki lebih dari 8000 desa nelayan.<ref name="Zhijie2008">Zhijie G, Yingliang X, Xiangguo Z, Yong W, Daobo A and Sugiyama S (2008) [ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/010//i0111e/i0111e00.pdf ''Review of fishery information and data collection systems in China'']{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021|bot=InternetArchiveBot|fix-attempted=yes}} FAO Fisheries Circular No. 1029, p. 46. Rome. ISBN 978-92-5-105979-1.</ref> |
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== Lihat pula == |
== Lihat pula == |
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== Pranala luar == |
== Pranala luar == |
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{{Commons category|Fishing villages}} |
{{Commons category|Fishing villages}} |
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* [http://www.stanford.edu/group/microdocs/ Microdocs]: [http://www.stanford.edu/group/microdocs/cityfishing.html City vs.village fishing] |
* [http://www.stanford.edu/group/microdocs/ Microdocs] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20121024014829/http://www.stanford.edu/group/microdocs/reefstructure.html |date=2012-10-24 }}: [http://www.stanford.edu/group/microdocs/cityfishing.html City vs.village fishing] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110727043126/http://www.stanford.edu/group/microdocs/cityfishing.html |date=2011-07-27 }} |
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* [http://www.reason.com/news/show/34998.html How to Save New England's Fishing Villages] – ReasonOnline |
* [http://www.reason.com/news/show/34998.html How to Save New England's Fishing Villages] – ReasonOnline |
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* [http://www.harappa.com/fisher/slideindex.html A Baluchi fishing village] |
* [http://www.harappa.com/fisher/slideindex.html A Baluchi fishing village] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20081225161323/http://www.harappa.com/fisher/slideindex.html |date=2008-12-25 }} |
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* [http://www.mysinchew.com/node/19546 Teochow Fishing Village – China] |
* [http://www.mysinchew.com/node/19546 Teochow Fishing Village – China] |
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* [http://www.waytovietnam.com/Cua-Van-Fishing-Village-Halong.asp Cua Van Floating Fishing Village] |
* [http://www.waytovietnam.com/Cua-Van-Fishing-Village-Halong.asp Cua Van Floating Fishing Village] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100103171803/http://waytovietnam.com/Cua-Van-Fishing-Village-Halong.asp |date=2010-01-03 }} |
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* [http://www.galenfrysinger.com/oman-fishing.htm Seeb, Oman, a fishing village] |
* [http://www.galenfrysinger.com/oman-fishing.htm Seeb, Oman, a fishing village] |
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* [http://www.lofoten-info.no/Fiskmus.htm The Norwegian Fishing Village Museum] |
* [http://www.lofoten-info.no/Fiskmus.htm The Norwegian Fishing Village Museum] |
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* [http://www.lofoten-info.no/history.htm#11 History of Flakstad & Moskenes, Lofoten Islands] |
* [http://www.lofoten-info.no/history.htm#11 History of Flakstad & Moskenes, Lofoten Islands] |
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* [http://gonk.atc.missouri.edu/paloma/ The archaeology of La Paloma, an ancient fishing village on the central coast of Peru] |
* [http://gonk.atc.missouri.edu/paloma/ The archaeology of La Paloma, an ancient fishing village on the central coast of Peru]{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} |
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* [http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/book/browse?type=lcsubc&key=Fishing%20villages Fishing villages – Fiction] – free books on the web. |
* [http://onlinebooks.library.upenn.edu/webbin/book/browse?type=lcsubc&key=Fishing%20villages Fishing villages – Fiction] – free books on the web. |
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* [http://worldfocus.org/blog/2009/01/22/life-in-a-fishing-village-behind-myanmars-walls/3721/ Life in a fishing village behind Myanmar’s walls] - stilt villages |
* [http://worldfocus.org/blog/2009/01/22/life-in-a-fishing-village-behind-myanmars-walls/3721/ Life in a fishing village behind Myanmar’s walls] - stilt villages |
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* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XcxeYbBHHnc Myanmar Movie, "The Story of Fishing Village"] – YouTube |
* [http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XcxeYbBHHnc Myanmar Movie, "The Story of Fishing Village"] – YouTube |
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* [http://www.geobeats.com/videoclips/india/mumbai/fishing-village Fishing Village Mumbai, India] – video |
* [http://www.geobeats.com/videoclips/india/mumbai/fishing-village Fishing Village Mumbai, India] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20090422080320/http://www.geobeats.com/videoclips/india/mumbai/fishing-village |date=2009-04-22 }} – video |
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* [http://www.photoindochina.com/en/gallery-home/?g2_itemId=48 Indochina Fishing Villages] – photos |
* [http://www.photoindochina.com/en/gallery-home/?g2_itemId=48 Indochina Fishing Villages]{{Pranala mati|date=Maret 2021 |bot=InternetArchiveBot |fix-attempted=yes }} – photos |
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* [http://www.horizon-vietnamvoyage.com fishing Village Halong] |
* [http://www.horizon-vietnamvoyage.com fishing Village Halong] |
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* [http://www.buffalotours.fr/Tours/Circuits/Vietnam.html Hoi An, Fishing village in Vietnam] |
* [http://www.buffalotours.fr/Tours/Circuits/Vietnam.html Hoi An, Fishing village in Vietnam] |
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[[Kategori:Desa |
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[[Kategori:Sosial ekonomi perikanan]] |
[[Kategori:Sosial ekonomi perikanan]] |
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Revisi terkini sejak 25 November 2023 11.53
.jpg)
Desa nelayan adalah sebuah desa yang berlokasi dekat dengan kawasan penangkapan ikan dengan perekonomian yang berbasis pada perikanan tangkap dan pemrosesan ikan.
Karakter
[sunting | sunting sumber]Desa nelayan di pantai umumnya sulit dijangkau, dan berlokasi di sekitar fitur garis pantai atau danau yang memungkinkan kapal dapat berlabuh dengan aman ("pelabuhan alami"). Selain berlabuh, fitur garis pantai atau danau seperti ini memungkinkan kapal disimpan dengan aman ketika tidak digunakan.[3] Desa nelayan dapat dioperasikan di pantai maupun di danau. Di Malawi, Danau Malawi merupakan lokasi di mana desa nelayan tumbuh dan memiliki wilayah masing-masing. Nelayan dari desa ataupun perairan lain dapat berlabuh dan biasanya membayar pajak dalam bentuk hasil tangkapan.[4] Bentuk dan fungsi kapal penangkapan ikan tradisional cenderung berkembang mengikuti kebutuhan dan bentuk geografis wilayah. Beberapa desa nelayan meluas hingga ke perairan dan menjadi desa terapung. dengan bantuan pengapung dari kayu maupun bahan lain.[1][2][5]
Pemrosesan ikan dan pasar ikan merupakan ujung tombak perdagangan dan pertukaran barang dan jasa di desa nelayan. Selain industri perikanan desa nelayan juga menunjang aktivitas perekonomian lain seperti pembuatan dan daur ulang perahu (ship wrecking),[6] jasa transportasi, hingga wisata bahari yang menyediakan jasa pemancingan rekreasi. Aktivitas penunjang kehidupan seperti sekolah dan klinik juga terbentuk. Dengan semakin bertambahnya populasi desa nelayan dan menyempitnya kesempatan bekerja, aktivitas mencari kapal karam dan mengumpulkan barang-barang berharga dapat menjadi pekerjaan alternatif.[7][8]
Di negara miskin dan negara berkembang, desa nelayan cenderung tidak mengalami perubahan berarti sejak terbentuknya desa tersebut.[9] Sedangkan di negara maju, desa nelayan akan berubah karena faktor ekonomi dan kompleksitas sosiologi seperti urbanisasi.[10] Sepanjang waktu, desa nelayan akan berkembang dari desa yang menunjang kehidupan nelayan tradisional hingga menjadi wilayah dengan industri perikanan yang maju, bahkan berkembang menjadi kota besar dan perdagangan, seperti yang terjadi pada Shanghai di pinggir delta Sungai Yangtze.[11] Destin, Florida telah berkembang menjadi resort yang didedikasikan untuk turis yang memiliki kapal pemancingan rekreasi ukuran besar.[12] Pemerintah Korea Selatan pun diketahui dengan sengaja membangun desa nelayan baru karena kemampuan desa nelayan dalam menarik wisatawan.[13] Dan di China pada tahun 2004 memiliki lebih dari 8000 desa nelayan.[14]
Lihat pula
[sunting | sunting sumber]
Referensi
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ a b Kenh Ga: Vietnam's Ancient Floating Community Wild Asia: Resource Library. Retrieved 21 April 2009.
- ^ a b Floating fishing village in Ha Long Bay halongboat.com. Diakses 21 April 2009.
- ^ Sciortino, J. A., Barcali, A. & Carlesi, M. (1995)Construction and maintenance of artisanal fishing harbours and village landings FAO Training Series 25, Rome.
- ^ FAO (1993) Fisheries management in south-east Lake Malawi Chambo Fisheries Research Project, Technical paper 21. Rome
- ^ Tai O Fishing Village
- ^ Bathurst, Bella (2005)The Wreckers: a Story of Killing Seas, False Lights, and Plundered Shipwrecks. Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin ISBN 978-0-618-41677-6
- ^ Smith, Joshua M. (2006) Borderland Smuggling: Patriots, Loyalists and Illicit Trade in the Northeast, 1783–1820 Gainesville: University Press of Florida ISBN 0-8130-2986-4.
- ^ Waugh, Mary, (1985) Smuggling in Kent and Sussex 1700–1840 Countryside Books (updated 2003) ISBN 0-905392-48-5
- ^ Tietze, U., Groenewold, G. & Marcoux, A. (2000)Demographic change in coastal fishing communities and its implications for the coastal environment FAO Fisheries Technical Paper 403. Rome.
- ^ "The Effects of Urbanization and Social Orientation" (PDF). Diakses tanggal 2008-12-21.
- ^ Shanghai was once a seaside fishing village Streetdirectory.com. Diakses 20 April 2009.
- ^ History of the World’s Luckiest Fishing Village Diarsipkan 2007-11-16 di Wayback Machine. The Destin Area Chamber of Commerce. Diakses 21 April 2009.
- ^ Henderson J C (2002) "Tourism and Politics in the Korean Peninsula"[pranala nonaktif permanen] The Journal of Tourism Studies, 13 (2).
- ^ Zhijie G, Yingliang X, Xiangguo Z, Yong W, Daobo A and Sugiyama S (2008) Review of fishery information and data collection systems in China[pranala nonaktif permanen] FAO Fisheries Circular No. 1029, p. 46. Rome. ISBN 978-92-5-105979-1.
Bahan bacaan terkait
[sunting | sunting sumber]- Beare RJ and K E Rushoke (2001) Integrated Development of Fishing Villages in Kagera Region, Tanzania FAO, Rome.
- Belcher, W.R. (1999) The Ethnoarchaeology of a Baluch Fishing Village. Archaeology of Seafaring: The Indian Ocean in the Ancient Period, Himanshu Prabha Ray ed., pp. 22–50.
- Drewes, Edeltraud (2004) Three Fishing Villages In Tamil Nadu - A Socio-Economic Study With Special Reference To The Role and Status of Women FAO Working Paper BOBP/WP/14. Rome
- McGoodwin JR (2001) Understanding the cultures of fishing communities. A key to fisheries management and food security FAO Fisheries, Technical Paper 401. ISBN 978-92-5-104606-7.
- Poonnachit-Korsieporn A (2000) Coastal fishing communities in Thailand FAO: Regional Office for Asia, Publication 2000/06. Rome.
- Seilert H and S Sangchan (2001) Small-Scale Fishery in Southeast Asia: A Case Study in Southern Thailand: Social and geographic background Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, Publication 2001/19, FAO, Rome.
- Seilert H and S Sangchan (2001) Small-Scale Fishery in Southeast Asia: A Case Study in Southern Thailand: Fishing activities and their social implications Regional Office for Asia and the Pacific, Publication 2001/19, FAO, Rome.
- Sciortino JA (1995) Construction and Maintenance of Artisanal Fishing Harbours and Village Landings Volume 25 of FAO Training Series, FAO, Rome. ISBN 978-92-5-103609-9.
- Thomson, David B (1979)South China Sea Fisheries Development and Coordinating Programme Intermediate technology and alternative energy systems for small scale fisheries: Integrated systems FAO working paper, Rome.
Pranala luar
[sunting | sunting sumber]
Wikimedia Commons memiliki media mengenai Fishing villages.
- Microdocs Diarsipkan 2012-10-24 di Wayback Machine.: City vs.village fishing Diarsipkan 2011-07-27 di Wayback Machine.
- How to Save New England's Fishing Villages – ReasonOnline
- A Baluchi fishing village Diarsipkan 2008-12-25 di Wayback Machine.
- Teochow Fishing Village – China
- Cua Van Floating Fishing Village Diarsipkan 2010-01-03 di Wayback Machine.
- Seeb, Oman, a fishing village
- The Norwegian Fishing Village Museum
- History of Flakstad & Moskenes, Lofoten Islands
- The archaeology of La Paloma, an ancient fishing village on the central coast of Peru[pranala nonaktif permanen]
- Fishing villages – Fiction – free books on the web.
- Life in a fishing village behind Myanmar’s walls - stilt villages
- Myanmar Movie, "The Story of Fishing Village" – YouTube
- Fishing Village Mumbai, India Diarsipkan 2009-04-22 di Wayback Machine. – video
- Indochina Fishing Villages[pranala nonaktif permanen] – photos
- fishing Village Halong
- Hoi An, Fishing village in Vietnam