Angkatan Udara Myanmar: Perbedaan antara revisi
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{{Infobox military unit |
{{Infobox military unit |
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|unit_name= Angkatan Udara Myanmar |
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|unit_name= Myanmar Air Force / Burmese Air Force<br>''Tatmadaw Lei'' |
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|image= [[Berkas:Emblem of the Myanmar Air Force.svg| |
|image= [[Berkas:Emblem of the Myanmar Air Force.svg|170px]] |
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|caption= |
|caption=Lambang Angkatan Udara Myanmar |
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|start_date= 16 |
|start_date= 16 Januari 1947 |
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|country= |
|country= {{flag|Myanmar}} |
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|allegiance= |
|allegiance= |
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|branch= |
|branch= |
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|type= |
|type=[[Angkatan udara]] |
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|role= |
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|role= Air Defence, Counter Insurgency |
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|size= 15.000 personel<br>279 pesawat<ref>{{cite web|title=Flightglobal - World Air Forces 2015 |url=https://d1fmezig7cekam.cloudfront.net/VPP/Global/Flight/Airline%20Business/AB%20home/Edit/WorldAirForces2015.pdf}}</ref> |
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|size= 23,000 <br>80 [[Training Aircraft]] <br>25 [[Transport Aircraft]] <br>112 [[Fighter aircraft|Fighter]] <br>140 [[Helicopter]] |
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|command_structure= [[ |
|command_structure= [[Angkatan Bersenjata Myanmar]] |
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|garrison= |
|garrison= |
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|garrison_label= |
|garrison_label= |
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|equipment= |
|equipment= |
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|equipment_label= |
|equipment_label= |
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|nickname= |
|nickname= |
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|motto= |
|motto= |
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|colors= |
|colors= |
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|battle_honours= |
|battle_honours= |
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<!-- Commanders --> |
<!-- Commanders --> |
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|commander1= {{Flagicon image|Commander in Chief flag of Myanmar.svg|size=23px}} [[Kolonel Jenderal|Jenderal Senior]] [[Min Aung Hlaing]] |
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|commander1= [[Lt. General]] [[Wai Lwin]] |
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|commander1_label= |
|commander1_label= Panglima Tertinggi |
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|commander2= {{Flagicon image|Flag of the Ministry of Defense (Myanmar).svg|size=23px}} [[Jenderal]] [[Mya Tun Oo]] |
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|commander2= [[Vice Senior General]] [[Min Aung Hlaing]] |
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|commander2_label= |
|commander2_label= Menteri Pertahanan |
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|commander3= [[ |
|commander3= [[Berkas:Myanmar Air Force Guidon.svg|23px]] [[Jenderal]] [[Htun Aung]] |
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|commander3_label= |
|commander3_label= Panglima Angkatan Udara |
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|identification_symbol= [[Berkas:Air Force Ensign of Myanmar.svg|center|130px]] |
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<!-- Insignia --> |
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|identification_symbol_label= Bendera |
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|identification_symbol= [[Berkas:Roundel of Myanmar.svg|80px]] |
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|identification_symbol_2= [[Berkas:Roundel of Myanmar.svg|center|65px]] |
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|identification_symbol_label= Roundel |
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|identification_symbol_2_label=Roundel |
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|identification_symbol_2= [[Berkas:Air Force Ensign of Myanmar.svg|170px]] |
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|identification_symbol_3= [[Berkas:Fin Flash of Myanmar.svg|center|50px]] |
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|identification_symbol_2_label=Air Force Ensign |
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|identification_symbol_3_label=Fin flash |
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|identification_symbol_3= [[Berkas:Air Force Ensign of Burma (1948-1974).svg|170px]] |
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|aircraft_attack= [[Nanchang Q-5|Q-5]] |
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|identification_symbol_3_label=Air Force Ensign (1948-1974) |
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|aircraft_bomber= |
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<!-- Aircraft --> |
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|aircraft_attack= [[Nanchang Q-5|A-5M]] |
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|aircraft_bomber= [[Nanchang Q-5|A-5M]] |
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|aircraft_electronic= |
|aircraft_electronic= |
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|aircraft_fighter= [[ |
|aircraft_fighter= [[Mikoyan MiG-29|MiG-29]], [[CAC/PAC JF-17 Thunder|JF-17]] |
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|aircraft_interceptor= [[ |
|aircraft_interceptor= [[Chengdu J-7|F-7llK]] |
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|aircraft_recon= |
|aircraft_recon= |
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|aircraft_patrol= |
|aircraft_patrol=[[Britten-Norman Islander|BN-2]] |
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|aircraft_trainer=[[Yakovlev Yak-130|Yak-130]], [[Hongdu JL-8|K-8W]], [[Grob G 120TP|G-120TP]], [[HAL Kiran|HJT-16]], [[Hongdu JL-8|K-8]] |
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|aircraft_trainer=[[PC-7]] |
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|aircraft_transport=[[Shaanxi Y-8|Y- |
|aircraft_transport=[[Shaanxi Y-8|Y-8]], [[Harbin Y-12|Y-12]], [[Beechcraft 1900]], [[ATR 42]], [[ATR 72]] |
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|aircraft_helicopter=[[Mil Mi- |
|aircraft_helicopter=[[Mil Mi-2|Mi-2]], [[Mil Mi-17|Mi-17]], [[Bell UH-1 Iroquois|UH-1]], [[Aérospatiale Alouette III|Alouette III]], [[PZL W-3 Sokół|W-3]] |
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|native_name=တပ်မတော် (လေ)<br>''Tatmadaw Lei''|aircraft_helicopter_attack=[[Mil Mi-24|Mi-35SP]]}}'''Angkatan Udara Myanmar''' ([[bahasa Myanmar]]: တပ်မတော် (လေ), ''Tatmadaw Lei'') adalah cabang [[angkatan udara]] dari [[Angkatan Bersenjata Myanmar]] (''Tatmadaw''). |
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}} |
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[[Berkas:Myanmar Air Force Chengdu F-7 MRD.jpg|jmpl|300px|Pesawat Chengdu F-7 dari Angkatan Udara Myanmar .]] |
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[[Berkas:Myanmar Air Force Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-29B (9-12B) MRD-2.jpg|jmpl|300px|Pesawat Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-29B .]] |
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[[Berkas:Myanmar Air Force Nanchang A-5C Fantan MRD-1.jpg|jmpl|300px|Pesawat Nanchang A-5C Fantan .]] |
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Misi utama Angkatan Udara Myanmar (MAF) sejak awal adalah menyediakan transportasi, logistik, dan dukungan udara dekat kepada [[Angkatan Darat Myanmar]] dalam operasi [[Penumpasan pemberontakan|kontra-pemberontakan]].<ref name=":0">Myoe, Maung Aung: Building the Tatmadaw</ref> Ini terutama digunakan dalam konflik internal di Myanmar, dan, dalam skala yang lebih kecil, dalam misi bantuan,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Humanitarian Civil-Military Coordination in Emergencies: Towards a Predictable Model|url=https://www.unocha.org/sites/dms/ROAP/Civil%20Military%20Coordination/images/RCG_05042017_Final_electronic.pdf}}</ref> terutama setelah [[Siklon Nargis|topan mematikan Nargis Mei 2008]]. |
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== |
== Sejarah == |
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=== Era pasca kemerdekaan (1948-1990) === |
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=== Current aircraft === |
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Angkatan Udara Myanmar (MAF) dibentuk sebagai Angkatan Udara Burma pada 16 Januari 1947, sedangkan Burma (sebutan Myanmar sampai 1989) masih berada di bawah kekuasaan [[Britania Raya]]. Pada tahun 1948, armada angkatan udara baru termasuk 40 [[Airspeed Oxford]], 16 [[de Havilland Tiger Moth]], empat [[Auster]], dan tiga [[Supermarine Spitfire]] yang dipindahkan dari [[Angkatan Udara Britania Raya|Angkatan Udara Kerajaan]], dan memiliki beberapa ratus personel.<ref name=":0" /> |
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[[Berkas:Air Force Ensign of Burma (1948-1974).svg|kiri|jmpl|Bendera Angkatan Udara Burma tahun 1948 hingga 1974]] |
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Pada tanggal 15 Februari 1961, sebuah [[Consolidated PB4Y-2 Privateer]] [[Angkatan Udara Republik Tiongkok]] yang tidak bertanda datang ke wilayah udara Burma membawa pasokan untuk pasukan [[Kuomintang]] Tiongkok yang bertempur di Burma utara, dan dicegat oleh tiga pejuang [[Hawker Sea Fury]] dari Angkatan Udara Burma. Pembom pengganggu dan satu pesawat tempur Burma jatuh di [[Thailand]] selama insiden tersebut.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Intrusions, Overflights, Shootdowns and Defections During the Cold War and Thereafter|url=https://myplace.frontier.com/~anneled/ColdWar.html|website=myplace.frontier.com|access-date=2022-04-09}}</ref> |
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Antara tahun 1976 dan 1987, Angkatan Udara Burma membeli tujuh pesawat STOL porter [[Pilatus PC-6|Pilatus PC-6 Turbo]]; dan 16 pesawat latih turboprop [[Pilatus PC-7]] dan 10 [[Pilatus PC-9]] dari [[Swiss]]. Pesawat-pesawat ini dikerahkan di [[Lashio]] untuk dukungan udara jarak dekat dalam operasi kontra-pemberontakan.<ref name=":0" /> |
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=== Program modernisasi (1990–sekarang) === |
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Pada awal 1990-an, Angkatan Udara Burma memperbarui fasilitasnya dan memperkenalkan dua markas pangkalan udara baru, dan markas pangkalan udara yang ada diganti namanya. Mereka juga memperbarui radar dan fasilitas peperangan elektroniknya secara signifikan. Angkatan Udara Burma membeli lebih dari 100 pesawat dari [[Tiongkok|Republik Rakyat Tiongkok]], termasuk [[pesawat pencegat]] [[Chengdu J-7|F7 IIK]], [[pesawat latih]] [[Chengdu J-7|FT-7]], [[Pesawat serang|pesawat serangan darat]] [[Nanchang Q-5|A-5C]], [[pesawat latih]] [[Shenyang J-6|FT-6M]], [[pesawat latih]] [[Hongdu JL-8|K-8]], dan [[pesawat angkut]] [[Shaanxi Y-8|Y-8]]. |
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Antara tahun 1992 dan 2000, Angkatan Udara Myanmar menerima pengiriman 36 [[Pesawat serang|pesawat serangan darat]] [[Nanchang Q-5|A-5C]] dari Tiongkok. Selain itu, Angkatan Udara Myanmar juga membeli 20 pesawat latih bersenjata [[Soko G-4 Super Galeb]] dari [[Yugoslavia]] pada tahun 1991, tetapi hanya sekitar 6 pesawat yang dikirim karena [[Pembubaran Yugoslavia|pecahnya Yugoslavia]]. |
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Sebuah kontrak telah ditandatangani pada Desember 2015 dengan [[Pakistan]] untuk pembelian pesawat tempur multiperan [[CAC/PAC JF-17 Thunder|JF-17 Thunder]], yang dikembangkan bersama oleh [[Chengdu Aircraft Industry Group]] dan [[Pakistan Aeronautical Complex]], kepada Angkatan Udara Myanmar. Namun pada Maret 2018 dilaporkan bahwa kesepakatan pembelian JF-17 Thunder telah ditangguhkan oleh Pakistan.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Morning.pk|url=http://www.morning.pk/2018/03/pakistan-suspends-jf-17-deal-myanmar/|website=www.morning.pk|access-date=2022-04-09|archive-date=2018-08-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180826203117/http://www.morning.pk/2018/03/pakistan-suspends-jf-17-deal-myanmar/|dead-url=yes}}</ref> Namun, empat JF-17II terlihat pada Hari Angkatan Udara yang dirayakan pada bulan Desember 2018. Di bawah kontrak bilateral, MAF memesan enam pesawat tempur [[Sukhoi Su-30|Su-30SM]] dari [[Rusia]] pada tahun 2018.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Defense World|url=https://www.defenseworld.net/?utm_source=404Redirect&utm_medium=404Redirect|language=en|access-date=2022-04-09}}</ref> |
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== Inventaris pesawat == |
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=== Pesawat saat ini === |
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{| class="wikitable" |
{| class="wikitable" |
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!style="text-align: |
! style="text-align:center; background:#acc;" |Pesawat |
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! style="text-align: |
! style="text-align: center; background:#acc;" |Asal |
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! style="text-align: |
! style="text-align:l center; background:#acc;" |Tipe |
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! style="text-align:left;"| |
! style="text-align:left; background:#acc;" |Varian |
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! style="text-align: |
! style="text-align:center; background:#acc;" |Beroperasi |
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! style="text-align: |
! style="text-align: center; background:#acc;" |Catatan |
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! style="align: center; background: lavender; |
! colspan="7" style="align: center; background: lavender;" |[[Pesawat tempur]] |
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|[[Mikoyan MiG-29|MiG-29]] |
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| [[Berkas:Myanmar Air Force Chengdu F-7 MRD.jpg|120px]] |
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|{{Flag|Rusia}} |
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| [[Chengdu J-7|Chengdu F-7M Airguard]] || [[China]] || fighter interceptor ||25<ref name="AMR">{{cite web|url=http://www.asianmilitaryreview.com/upload/201102172337151.pdf|title=The AMR Regional Air Force Directory 2011|author=Adam Baddeley|date=February 2011|publisher=Asian Military Review|accessdate=19 July 2011|archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20110928163252/http://www.asianmilitaryreview.com/upload/201102172337151.pdf|archivedate=28 September 2011}}</ref><ref name="fiwaf12 p56">Hoyle ''Flight International'' 11–17 December 2012, p. 56.</ref> || [[PL-2]], [[PL-5]], [[PL-7]], [[R.550 Magic]], [[AIM-9 Sidewinder]]<br> 2 x 30mm Machine gun <br>12 x 50m Rocket<ref name="mmmilitary.blogspot.com">http://mmmilitary.blogspot.com/search/label/%E1%80%BB%E1%80%99%E1%80%94%E1%80%B9%E1%80%99%E1%80%AC%20%E1%80%B1%E1%80%9C%E1%80%90%E1%80%95%E1%80%B9?updated-max=2011-07-10T11:20:00-07:00&max-results=20&start=61&by-date=false</ref> |
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|[[Pesawat tempur multiperan|multiperan]] |
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|SE/SM/UB |
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|31 |
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|5 digunakan untuk [[Pesawat latih|latih konversi]]<ref name="World Air Forces 2022">{{cite web|last=|first=|year=2022|title=World Air Forces 2022|url=https://www.flightglobal.com/flight-international/how-afghanistans-fall-reshaped-world-air-forces-inventory/146576.article|work=|publisher=Flightglobal Insight|doi=|accessdate=5 January 2022|url-access=registration}}</ref> |
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|- |
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|[[Sukhoi Su-30]] |
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| [[Berkas:Myanmar Air Force MiG-29 MRD.jpg|120px]] |
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|{{Flag|Rusia}} |
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| [[Mikoyan MiG-29]] || [[Russia]] || Air-superiority fighter, multirole fighter|| 20 MiG-29B<br> 6 MiG-29SE <br> '''Total 26'''<ref name="fiwaf12 p56"/> || [[RVV-AE]], [[PL-2]], [[PL-5]], [[PL-7]], [[R-27 (air-to-air missile)]], [[R-77 (missile)]] <br> 30mm Gsh 30-1 |
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|multirole |
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|Su-30SME |
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|6 dalam pesanan<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
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|[[Nanchang Q-5]] |
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! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="6" | '''[[Ground-attack aircraft|Fighter Ground Attack]]''' '''Total - 40''' |
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|{{Flag|Tiongkok}} |
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|[[Pesawat serang|serang]] |
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|A-5 |
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|20<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
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|[[Chengdu J-7]] |
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|[[Berkas:F-6 fighter at the China Aviation Museum.jpg|120px]] |
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|{{Flag|Tiongkok}} |
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| [[Shenyang J-6]] || [[China]] || fighter-ground attack || 1<ref name="fiwaf12 p56"/> || 3x 30 mm NR-30 cannons <br> Up to 250 kg (550 lb) of unguided bombs |
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|tempur |
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|F-7M |
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|21<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
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|6 FT-7 untuk latih konversi |
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|- |
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|[[Shenyang J-6]] |
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|[[Berkas:Myanmar Air Force Nanchang A-5C Fantan MRD-1.jpg|120px]] |
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|{{Flag|Tiongkok}} |
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| [[Nanchang Q-5|A-5C]] || [[China]] || fighter-ground attack || 21<ref name="fiwaf12 p56"/> || NORINCO TYPE 23-2K 23mm <br> [[PL-2]], [[PL-5]], [[PL-7]]<br> BL755 Cluster Bombs, Matra Durandal Anti-Runaway Bombs <br> 57mm,90mm, 130mm Rocket |
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|tempur |
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|F-6 |
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|1<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
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|Versi buatan Tiongkok dari [[Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-19|MiG-19]] |
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|[[CAC/PAC JF-17 Thunder|JF-17 Thunder]] |
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|[[Berkas:G-4 Super Galeb 23736 V i PVO VS, august 04, 2008.JPG|120px]] |
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|{{Flag|Pakistan}} |
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| [[Soko G-4 Super Galeb]] || [[Yugoslavia]] || ground attack/ advanced jet trainer || 6<ref name="fiwaf12 p56"/> ||[[PL-2]], [[PL-5]], [[PL-7]] <br> BL755 Cluster Bombs, Matra Durandal Anti-Runaway Bombs <br> 23mm Cannon |
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|multiperan |
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| |
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|7 |
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|9 dalam pesanan<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
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! colspan="7" style="align: center; background: lavender;" |[[Pesawat angkut]] |
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|[[Berkas:Pakistan airforce K8.jpg|120px]] |
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| [[Hongdu JL-8|Hongdu K-8 Karakorum]] || [[China]] || Advanced Jet Trainer/Light attack || 50<ref>http://china-defense.blogspot.com/2010/06/50-k-8-trainers-trainers-not-fighters.html</ref> ||1× 23 mm cannon pod<br>57 mm unguided rocket pods<br> [[PL-5]], [[PL-7]]<ref name="irrawaddy.org">http://www.irrawaddy.org/archives/22428</ref> <br> BL755 Cluster Bombs, Matra Durandal Anti-Runaway Bombs |
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|- |
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|[[ATR 42|ATR-42]] |
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! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="6" | '''[[Training aircraft|Training Aircraft]]''' '''Total - 73''' |
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|{{Flag|Prancis}} |
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|VIP |
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|10<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
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|4 di antaranya adalah [[ATR 72|ATR-72]]<ref name="janes.com">{{Cite web|title=Myanmar Air Force inducts new aircraft|url=https://www.janes.com/defence-news/news-detail/myanmar-air-force-inducts-new-aircraft|website=Janes.com|language=en|access-date=2021-12-20}}</ref> |
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|- |
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|[[Shaanxi Y-8]] |
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| [[Berkas:Myanmar Air Force Chengdu F-7 MRD.jpg|120px]] |
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|{{Flag|Tiongkok}} |
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| [[Chengdu J-7|Chengdu FT-7S Airguard]] || [[China]] || Advanced Fighter Trainer || 6<ref name="AMR"/><ref name="fiwaf12 p56"/>|| [[PL-2]], [[PL-5]], [[PL-7]], [[R.550 Magic]], [[AIM-9 Sidewinder]]<br> 2 x 30mm Machine gun <br>12 x 50m Rocket<ref name="mmmilitary.blogspot.com"/> |
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|angkut |
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| |
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|5<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
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|- |
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| [[Berkas:Myanmar Air Force MiG-29 MRD.jpg|120px]] |
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| [[Mikoyan MiG-29|MiG-29UB]] || [[Russia]] || Advanced Fighter Trainer|| 6<ref name="fiwaf12 p56"/> ||[[PL-2]], [[PL-5]], [[PL-7]], [[R-27 (air-to-air missile)]], [[R-77 (missile)]] <br> 30mm Gsh 30-1 |
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|- |
|- |
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|[[Harbin Y-11]] |
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|[[Berkas:Pilatus.pc-9.fairford2006.arp.jpg|120px]] |
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|{{Flag|Tiongkok}} |
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| [[Pilatus PC-9]] || [[Switzerland]] || single-engine, low-wing tandem-seat turboprop Advanced Training aircraft/ bomber || 10<ref name="fiwaf12 p56"/>||BL755 Cluster Bombs, Matra Durandal Anti-Runaway Bombs<ref name="facebook.com">http://www.facebook.com/photo.php?v=389926781081439&set=vb.385449308195853&type=3&theater</ref> |
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|angkut |
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| |
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|6<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /><ref name="janes.com" /> |
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| |
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|- |
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|[[Fokker F27|Fokker F-27]] |
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|[[Berkas:Pilatus.pc-7.fairford2006.arp.jpg|120px]] |
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|{{Flag|Belanda}} |
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| [[Pilatus PC-7 Turbo Trainer]] || [[Switzerland]] || Light Bomber Trainer || 16<ref name="fiwaf12 p56"/> || BL755 Cluster Bombs, Matra Durandal Anti-Runaway Bombs<ref name="facebook.com"/> |
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|angkut |
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| |
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|1<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
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| |
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|- |
|- |
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|[[Pilatus PC-6]] |
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|[[Berkas:Air Force of Zimbabwe K-8 Karakorum.jpg|120px]] |
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|{{Flag|Swiss}} |
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| [[Hongdu JL-8|Hongdu K-8 Karakorum]] || [[China]] || Advanced Jet Trainer/Light attack || 12,<ref>http://chinese-military-aviation.blogspot.com/p/trainers.html</ref> 38 more on order<ref name="fiwaf12 p56"/> ||1× 23 mm cannon pod<br>57 mm unguided rocket pods<br>[[PL-2]], [[PL-5]], [[PL-7]]<ref name="irrawaddy.org"/> <br> BL755 Cluster Bombs, Matra Durandal Anti-Runaway Bombs<ref name="irrawaddy.org"/> |
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|utilitas / angkut |
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| |
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|5<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
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|berkapabilitas STOL |
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|- |
|- |
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|[[Beechcraft 1900]] |
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|[[Berkas:Nanchang CJ-6 front 20060729.jpg|120px]] |
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|{{Flag|Amerika Serikat}} |
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|[[Nanchang CJ-6|PT-6]]<ref>www.facebook.com/photo.php?v=389924444415006&set=vb.385449308195853&type=3&theater</ref> || [[China]] || Basic Trainer || 25<ref>myawady television</ref> || Only this trainer unarmed |
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|utilitas / angkut |
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|7<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
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|- |
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|[[Britten-Norman Islander|Britten-Norman BN-2]] |
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! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="6" | '''[[Military transport aircraft|Transport]]''' '''Total - 23''' |
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|{{Flag|Britania Raya}} |
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|[[Pesawat patroli maritim|patroli maritim]] |
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|5<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
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|- |
|- |
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! colspan="7" style="align: center; background: lavender;" |[[Helikopter]] |
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|[[Berkas:Myanmar Air Force Shaanxi Y-8 MRD.jpg|120px]] |
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| [[Shaanxi Y-8]] || [[China]] || turboprop transport || 4<ref name="fiwaf12 p56"/> || |
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|- |
|- |
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|[[Mil Mi-2]] |
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|[[Berkas:Myanmar Air Force Fokker F27 MRD.jpg|120px]] |
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|{{Flag|Polandia}} |
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| [[Fokker F27|Fokker F-27 Friendship]] || [[Netherlands]] || turboprop transport || 2<ref name="fiwaf12 p56"/> || unarmed |
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|utilitas / penghubung |
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| |
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|22<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Mil Mi-17]] |
|||
|[[Berkas:Fairchild-Hil FH.227B PP-BUH Congonhas 06.05.72 edited-2.jpg|120px]] |
|||
|{{Flag|Rusia}} |
|||
| [[Fairchild Hiller FH-227]] || [[USA]] || turboprop transport || 2<ref name="fiwaf12 p56"/> || unarmed |
|||
|utilitas |
|||
| |
|||
|12<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Mil Mi-24]] |
|||
|[[Berkas:Aer Arann ATR-72 EI-REE Bristol.jpg|120px]] |
|||
|{{Flag|Rusia}} |
|||
|[[ATR 72]] || [[France]] || twin-engined turboprop passenger/transport aircraft ||2 || VIP transportation for domestic flight ( ATR-72 and ATR-42 ) |
|||
|serbu |
|||
|Mi-35P |
|||
|9<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Bell 206]] |
|||
|[[Berkas:Antonov-148.jpg|120px]] |
|||
|{{Flag|Amerika Serikat}} |
|||
|[[Antonov An-148]] || [[Ukraine]] || twin-engined jet passenger/transport aircraft ||2 || VIP transportation for domestic flight |
|||
|utilitas |
|||
| |
|||
|4<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Bell UH-1 Iroquois|Bell UH-1]] |
|||
|[[Berkas:Cessna.180a.g-btsm.arp.jpg|120px]] |
|||
|{{Flag|Amerika Serikat}} |
|||
| [[Cessna 180|Cessna 180 Skywagon]] || [[USA]] || light utility/liaison aircraft || 4 || unarmed |
|||
|utilitas |
|||
| |
|||
|3 |
|||
|1 adalah [[Bell 212]]<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Aérospatiale Alouette III|Alouette III]] |
|||
|[[Berkas:Pilatus PC-6 SkydiveLillo JD18032008.jpg|120px]] |
|||
|{{Flag|Prancis}} |
|||
| [[Pilatus PC-6|Pilatus PC-6A/B Turbo Porter]] || [[Switzerland]] || liaison aircraft || 5 || unarmed |
|||
|utilitas |
|||
| |
|||
|13<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[PZL W-3 Sokół]] |
|||
|[[Berkas:Y12e.jpg|120px]] |
|||
|{{Flag|Polandia}} |
|||
| [[Harbin Y-12]] || [[China]] || Utility || 2<ref>[[Harbin Y-12#Military operators]]</ref> || unarmed |
|||
|utilitas |
|||
| |
|||
|12<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="align: center; background: lavender; |
! colspan="7" style="align: center; background: lavender;" |[[Pesawat latih]] |
||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Yakovlev Yak-130|Yak-130]] |
|||
| [[Berkas:Britten Norman Islander OLT.jpg|120px]] |
|||
|{{Flag|Rusia}} |
|||
| [[Britten-Norman Islander]]|| [[UK]] || Utility aircraft/Maritime Surveillance || 5 || unarmed |
|||
|latih tingkat lanjut |
|||
| |
|||
|18<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Grob G 120TP|G 120TP]] |
|||
|[[Berkas:Cessna 550 Citation II.jpg|120px]] |
|||
|{{Flag|Jerman}} |
|||
| [[Cessna Citation II|Cessna 550 Citation]] || [[USA]] || business jet/liaison aircraft/surveillance || 1 || unarmed, Camera |
|||
|latih dasar |
|||
| |
|||
|20<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Soko G-4 Super Galeb|Soko G-4]] |
|||
! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="6" | '''[[Helicopters]]''' '''Total - 114''' |
|||
|{{Flag|Yugoslavia}} |
|||
|latih / serang ringan |
|||
| |
|||
|3<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[ |
|[[Hongdu JL-8]] |
||
|{{Flag|Tiongkok}} / {{Flag|Pakistan}} |
|||
| [[Mil Mi-35|Mil Mi-35/Mil Mi-24V]] || [[USSR]] || Attack helicopter || 9<ref name="mizzima"/> Another batch of 10 ordered in September 2010<ref name="irrawaddy">http://www.irrawaddy.org/article.php?art_id=19419</ref>|| Originally 10 (1 crashed during [[Kachin Conflict]])<br/> Gunship - twin-barrel [[GSh-23L]] 23mm nose mounted cannon, 8 [[9K114 Shturm|AT-6 Spiral missile]], B-8V20 Rocket pods with 20 [[S-8 rocket]] S-8 80mm Rockets, [[S-24 rocket|S-24]] 240mm rockets |
|||
|latih jet |
|||
|K-8 |
|||
|16<ref name="janes.com" /> |
|||
|50 dalam pesanan<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Pilatus PC-7]] |
|||
|[[Berkas:KazakhstanMi-8MT2000(DF-SD-01-06442).jpg|120px]] |
|||
|{{Flag|Swiss}} |
|||
| [[Mil Mi-17]] || [[USSR]] || transport helicopter || 26 || machine gun/gunship |
|||
|latih ringan |
|||
| |
|||
|16<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Pilatus PC-9]] |
|||
|[[Berkas:UH-1J & rapeling infantry.JPG|120px]] |
|||
|{{Flag|Swiss}} |
|||
| [[Bell UH-1 Iroquois]] || [[USA]] || training helicopter||10 || machine gun/gunship |
|||
|latih |
|||
| |
|||
|10<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[Eurocopter EC120 Colibri|Eurocopter EC120]] |
|||
|[[Berkas:Sokol05th2.jpg|120px]] |
|||
|{{Flag|Prancis}} |
|||
| [[PZL W-3 Sokół|PZL W-3 Sokół Falcon]] || [[Poland]] || multipurpose utility helicopter || 10 || twin 23 mm GSz-23Ł cannon and four pylons for weapons / gunship platform |
|||
|helikopter latih |
|||
| |
|||
|3<ref name="World Air Forces 2022" /> |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
! colspan="7" style="align: center; background: lavender;" |[[Pesawat nirawak|UAV]] |
|||
|[[Berkas:Mi-2EP347.jpg|120px]] |
|||
| [[Mil Mi-2]] || [[Poland]] || small, lightly armored transport helicopter || 19 || 23 mm NS-23 gun, 7,62 mm machine gun and 2x 57 mm unguided rocket pods Mars-2. Optional 7,62 mm machine gun |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[CASC Rainbow]] |
|||
|[[Berkas:IA Dhruv Berlin-08.jpg|120px]] |
|||
|{{Flag|Tiongkok}} |
|||
| [[HAL Dhruv|HAL Dhruv Pole Star]] || [[India]] || utility helicopter || 1|| anti-armour missiles, four air-to-air missiles or four rocket pods for 70 mm and 68 mm rockets |
|||
|UCAV |
|||
|CH-3A |
|||
|12<ref name="Is Myanmar Using Armed Chinese Drones For Counterinsurgency?">{{cite web|last=|first=|year=2016|title=Is Myanmar Using Armed Chinese Drones For Counterinsurgency?|url=https://thediplomat.com/2016/06/is-myanmar-using-armed-chinese-drones-for-counterinsurgency/|work=|publisher=thediplomat.com|doi=|accessdate=10 July 2020|url-access=registration}}</ref> |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[CASC Rainbow]]<ref>{{Cite web|last=Weinberger|first=Sharon|date=10 May 2018|title=China Has Already Won the Drone Wars|url=https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/05/10/china-trump-middle-east-drone-wars/|publisher=Foreign Policy|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023095907/https://foreignpolicy.com/2018/05/10/china-trump-middle-east-drone-wars/|archive-date=22 October 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> |
|||
|[[Berkas:Avc-bell204-071002-01-16.jpg|120px]] |
|||
|{{Flag|Tiongkok}} |
|||
| [[Bell 205|Bell 205 JetRanger]] || [[USA]] || multipurpose utility helicopter || 12 || machine gun and rocket launchers? |
|||
|UCAV |
|||
|CH-4 |
|||
| |
|||
|diproduksi di bawah lisensi<ref>{{Cite web|last=United Nations Human Right Office of the High Commissioner|first=OHCHR|date=August 2019|title=Arms and Military Equipment Suppliers to the Tatmadaw|url=https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/HRBodies/HRCouncil/FFM-Myanmar/EconomicInterestsMyanmarMilitary/Infographic2_Arms_and_Military_Equipment_Suppliers.pdf|website=[[United Nations]]|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201023041726/https://www.ohchr.org/Documents/HRBodies/HRCouncil/FFM-Myanmar/EconomicInterestsMyanmarMilitary/Infographic2_Arms_and_Military_Equipment_Suppliers.pdf|archive-date=23 October 2020|url-status=live}}</ref> |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|[[ImageInfo Sky|Sky 02]] |
|||
|[[Berkas:TexasRanger-N206L.jpg|120px]] |
|||
|{{Flag|Tiongkok}} |
|||
| [[Bell 206|Bell 206 JetRanger]] || [[USA]] || multipurpose utility helicopter || 6 || machine gun and rocket launchers? |
|||
|pengawasan |
|||
| |
|||
|11<ref name="Is Myanmar Using Armed Chinese Drones For Counterinsurgency?" /> |
|||
| |
|||
|- |
|- |
||
|Yellow Cat A2 |
|||
|[[Berkas:Aérospatiale Alouette III at the Republic of Singapore Air Force Museum.jpg|120px]] |
|||
|{{Flag|Myanmar}} |
|||
| [[Aérospatiale Alouette III|Aérospatiale SA 316B Alouette III]] || [[France]] || light utility helicopter || 9 || two side-mounted machine guns |
|||
|pengawasan |
|||
! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="6" | |
|||
|- |
|||
! style="align: center; background: lavender;" colspan="6" | '''[[UAV]]''' '''Total - 35''' |
|||
|- |
|||
|<ref>http://photayokeking.org/policylaw/research/966-starting-to-born-uav-4</ref> |
|||
| [[Sky 02A]] || [[China]] || UAV || 11 || Color CCD Video Camera and Infra Red Video Camera |
|||
|- |
|||
|<ref>http://photayokeking.org/policylaw/research/965-starting-to-born-uav-6</ref> |
|||
| [[Yellow Cat A2]] || [[Myanmar]] || UAV || 24 || Moving target indicator,Color CCD Video Camera and Infra Red Video Camera(same as Sky 02A) |
|||
| |
| |
||
|22<ref name="Is Myanmar Using Armed Chinese Drones For Counterinsurgency?" /> |
|||
|varian domestik CH-3A |
|||
|} |
|} |
||
<gallery widths="180" heights="120" class="center"> |
|||
Berkas:Myanmar Air Force MiG-29 MRD.jpg|[[Mikoyan MiG-29]] |
|||
Berkas:Myanmar Air Force Nanchang A-5C Fantan MRD-1.jpg|[[Nanchang Q-5]] |
|||
Berkas:Myanmar Air Force Chengdu F-7 MRD.jpg|[[Chengdu J-7]] |
|||
Berkas:Myanmar Air Force Fokker F27 MRD.jpg|[[Fokker F27]] |
|||
Berkas:Myanmar Air Force Shaanxi Y-8 MRD.jpg|[[Shaanxi Y-8]] |
|||
</gallery> |
|||
== Lihat pula == |
|||
* [[Angkatan Bersenjata Myanmar]] |
|||
== Referensi == |
== Referensi == |
Revisi terkini sejak 22 Februari 2024 19.39
Angkatan Udara Myanmar | |
---|---|
တပ်မတော် (လေ) Tatmadaw Lei | |
Dibentuk | 16 Januari 1947 |
Negara | Myanmar |
Tipe unit | Angkatan udara |
Jumlah personel | 15.000 personel 279 pesawat[1] |
Bagian dari | Angkatan Bersenjata Myanmar |
Tokoh | |
Panglima Tertinggi | Jenderal Senior Min Aung Hlaing |
Menteri Pertahanan | Jenderal Mya Tun Oo |
Panglima Angkatan Udara | Jenderal Htun Aung |
Insignia | |
Bendera | |
Roundel | |
Fin flash | |
Pesawat tempur | |
Pesawat serbu | Q-5 |
Pesawat tempur | MiG-29, JF-17 |
Helikopter | Mi-2, Mi-17, UH-1, Alouette III, W-3 |
Helikopter serbu | Mi-35SP |
Pesawat penyergap | F-7llK |
Pesawat patroli | BN-2 |
Pesawat latih | Yak-130, K-8W, G-120TP, HJT-16, K-8 |
Pesawat pengangkut | Y-8, Y-12, Beechcraft 1900, ATR 42, ATR 72 |
Angkatan Udara Myanmar (bahasa Myanmar: တပ်မတော် (လေ), Tatmadaw Lei) adalah cabang angkatan udara dari Angkatan Bersenjata Myanmar (Tatmadaw).
Misi utama Angkatan Udara Myanmar (MAF) sejak awal adalah menyediakan transportasi, logistik, dan dukungan udara dekat kepada Angkatan Darat Myanmar dalam operasi kontra-pemberontakan.[2] Ini terutama digunakan dalam konflik internal di Myanmar, dan, dalam skala yang lebih kecil, dalam misi bantuan,[3] terutama setelah topan mematikan Nargis Mei 2008.
Sejarah
[sunting | sunting sumber]Era pasca kemerdekaan (1948-1990)
[sunting | sunting sumber]Angkatan Udara Myanmar (MAF) dibentuk sebagai Angkatan Udara Burma pada 16 Januari 1947, sedangkan Burma (sebutan Myanmar sampai 1989) masih berada di bawah kekuasaan Britania Raya. Pada tahun 1948, armada angkatan udara baru termasuk 40 Airspeed Oxford, 16 de Havilland Tiger Moth, empat Auster, dan tiga Supermarine Spitfire yang dipindahkan dari Angkatan Udara Kerajaan, dan memiliki beberapa ratus personel.[2]
Pada tanggal 15 Februari 1961, sebuah Consolidated PB4Y-2 Privateer Angkatan Udara Republik Tiongkok yang tidak bertanda datang ke wilayah udara Burma membawa pasokan untuk pasukan Kuomintang Tiongkok yang bertempur di Burma utara, dan dicegat oleh tiga pejuang Hawker Sea Fury dari Angkatan Udara Burma. Pembom pengganggu dan satu pesawat tempur Burma jatuh di Thailand selama insiden tersebut.[4]
Antara tahun 1976 dan 1987, Angkatan Udara Burma membeli tujuh pesawat STOL porter Pilatus PC-6 Turbo; dan 16 pesawat latih turboprop Pilatus PC-7 dan 10 Pilatus PC-9 dari Swiss. Pesawat-pesawat ini dikerahkan di Lashio untuk dukungan udara jarak dekat dalam operasi kontra-pemberontakan.[2]
Program modernisasi (1990–sekarang)
[sunting | sunting sumber]Pada awal 1990-an, Angkatan Udara Burma memperbarui fasilitasnya dan memperkenalkan dua markas pangkalan udara baru, dan markas pangkalan udara yang ada diganti namanya. Mereka juga memperbarui radar dan fasilitas peperangan elektroniknya secara signifikan. Angkatan Udara Burma membeli lebih dari 100 pesawat dari Republik Rakyat Tiongkok, termasuk pesawat pencegat F7 IIK, pesawat latih FT-7, pesawat serangan darat A-5C, pesawat latih FT-6M, pesawat latih K-8, dan pesawat angkut Y-8.
Antara tahun 1992 dan 2000, Angkatan Udara Myanmar menerima pengiriman 36 pesawat serangan darat A-5C dari Tiongkok. Selain itu, Angkatan Udara Myanmar juga membeli 20 pesawat latih bersenjata Soko G-4 Super Galeb dari Yugoslavia pada tahun 1991, tetapi hanya sekitar 6 pesawat yang dikirim karena pecahnya Yugoslavia.
Sebuah kontrak telah ditandatangani pada Desember 2015 dengan Pakistan untuk pembelian pesawat tempur multiperan JF-17 Thunder, yang dikembangkan bersama oleh Chengdu Aircraft Industry Group dan Pakistan Aeronautical Complex, kepada Angkatan Udara Myanmar. Namun pada Maret 2018 dilaporkan bahwa kesepakatan pembelian JF-17 Thunder telah ditangguhkan oleh Pakistan.[5] Namun, empat JF-17II terlihat pada Hari Angkatan Udara yang dirayakan pada bulan Desember 2018. Di bawah kontrak bilateral, MAF memesan enam pesawat tempur Su-30SM dari Rusia pada tahun 2018.[6]
Inventaris pesawat
[sunting | sunting sumber]Pesawat saat ini
[sunting | sunting sumber]Lihat pula
[sunting | sunting sumber]Referensi
[sunting | sunting sumber]- ^ "Flightglobal - World Air Forces 2015" (PDF).
- ^ a b c Myoe, Maung Aung: Building the Tatmadaw
- ^ "Humanitarian Civil-Military Coordination in Emergencies: Towards a Predictable Model" (PDF).
- ^ "Intrusions, Overflights, Shootdowns and Defections During the Cold War and Thereafter". myplace.frontier.com. Diakses tanggal 2022-04-09.
- ^ "Morning.pk". www.morning.pk. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 2018-08-26. Diakses tanggal 2022-04-09.
- ^ "Defense World" (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2022-04-09.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa "World Air Forces 2022". Flightglobal Insight. 2022. Diakses tanggal 5 January 2022.
- ^ a b c "Myanmar Air Force inducts new aircraft". Janes.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). Diakses tanggal 2021-12-20.
- ^ a b c "Is Myanmar Using Armed Chinese Drones For Counterinsurgency?". thediplomat.com. 2016. Diakses tanggal 10 July 2020.
- ^ Weinberger, Sharon (10 May 2018). "China Has Already Won the Drone Wars". Foreign Policy. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 22 October 2020.
- ^ United Nations Human Right Office of the High Commissioner, OHCHR (August 2019). "Arms and Military Equipment Suppliers to the Tatmadaw" (PDF). United Nations. Diarsipkan dari versi asli (PDF) tanggal 23 October 2020.