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{{Short description|Bahasa isyarat masyarakat tuli Australia}}
{{Short description|Bahasa isyarat masyarakat tuli Australia}}
{{Distinguish|Bahasa Isyarat Aborigin Australia}}
{{Distinguish|Bahasa Isyarat Aborigin Australia}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=Maret 2018}}
<!--{{Use dmy dates|date=Maret 2018}}-->
{{Infobox language
{{Infobox language
|name = Bahasa Isyarat Australia
|name = Bahasa Isyarat Australia
Baris 21: Baris 21:


Seperti bahasa isyarat lain, [[tata bahasa]] dan [[perbendaharaan kata]] Auslan benar-benar berbeda dari [[bahasa Inggris]]. Asal-usulnya tidak dapat dikaitkan dengan individu mana pun. Sebaliknya, bahasa ini merupakan [[bahasa alami]] yang muncul secara spontan dan telah berubah seiring waktu.<ref name="Bellis" />
Seperti bahasa isyarat lain, [[tata bahasa]] dan [[perbendaharaan kata]] Auslan benar-benar berbeda dari [[bahasa Inggris]]. Asal-usulnya tidak dapat dikaitkan dengan individu mana pun. Sebaliknya, bahasa ini merupakan [[bahasa alami]] yang muncul secara spontan dan telah berubah seiring waktu.<ref name="Bellis" />

== Rekaman dan tulisan ==
''[[A Silent Agreement]]'' menjadi film fitur pertama yang dirilis secara teatrikal di Australia yang menampilkan Bahasa Isyarat Australia dalam dialog utamanya, di mana beberapa adegan dikisahkan dalam bahasa Isyarat Australia. Terdapat pula satu adegan di mana karakternya mendiskusikan politik berisiko dengan menggunakan aktor non-tuli yang menggunakan bahasa isyarat dalam film.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.screenaustralia.gov.au/the-screen-guide/t/a-silent-agreement-2017/38099/|title=A Silent Agreement (2017) - the Screen Guide - Screen Australia}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.amazon.com/Silent-Agreement-Davo-Hardy/dp/B07RDGR4P4|title = Watch a Silent Agreement &#124; Prime Video| website=Amazon }}</ref>


==Lihat pula==
==Lihat pula==
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{{Reflist|refs=
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="Bellis">{{cite web |url=http://inventors.about.com/od/hstartinventions/a/deaf.htm |title=Innovations for the Hearing Impaired |first=Mary |last=Bellis |year=2004 |publisher=About.com |url-status=live |archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20081107233811/http://inventors.about.com/od/hstartinventions/a/deaf.htm |archive-date=7 November 2008 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
<ref name="Bellis">{{cite web |url=http://inventors.about.com/od/hstartinventions/a/deaf.htm |title=Innovations for the Hearing Impaired |first=Mary |last=Bellis |year=2004 |publisher=About.com |url-status=live |archive-url=http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20081107233811/http://inventors.about.com/od/hstartinventions/a/deaf.htm |archive-date=7 November 2008 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
<ref name="LoBianco">{{cite book |last=Lo Bianco |first=Joseph |title=National Policy on Languages |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IGIcAQAAIAAJ |year=1987 |publisher=Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service |isbn=0-644-06118-9 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160520020916/https://books.google.com/books?id=IGIcAQAAIAAJ |archive-date=20 May 2016 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
<!--<ref name="LoBianco">{{cite book |last=Lo Bianco |first=Joseph |title=National Policy on Languages |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=IGIcAQAAIAAJ |year=1987 |publisher=Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service |isbn=0-644-06118-9 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160520020916/https://books.google.com/books?id=IGIcAQAAIAAJ |archive-date=20 May 2016 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
<ref name="Dawkins">{{cite book |last=Dawkins |first=John |title=Australia's language : the Australian language and literacy policy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5ZLxHQAACAAJ |year=1991 |publisher=Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service |isbn=0-644-14972-8 |quote=It is now increasingly recognised that signing deaf people constitute a group like any other non-English speaking language group in Australia, with a distinct sub-culture recognised by shared history, social life and sense of identity, united and symbolised by fluency in Auslan, the principal means of communication within the Australian Deaf Community (Page 20) |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160520220919/https://books.google.com/books?id=5ZLxHQAACAAJ |archive-date=20 May 2016 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
<ref name="Dawkins">{{cite book |last=Dawkins |first=John |title=Australia's language : the Australian language and literacy policy |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=5ZLxHQAACAAJ |year=1991 |publisher=Canberra : Australian Government Publishing Service |isbn=0-644-14972-8 |quote=It is now increasingly recognised that signing deaf people constitute a group like any other non-English speaking language group in Australia, with a distinct sub-culture recognised by shared history, social life and sense of identity, united and symbolised by fluency in Auslan, the principal means of communication within the Australian Deaf Community (Page 20) |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160520220919/https://books.google.com/books?id=5ZLxHQAACAAJ |archive-date=20 May 2016 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
<ref name="Flynn">{{cite web|url=https://www.asliavic.com.au/about?q=node/88 |title=A Brief History of Sign Language Interpreting in Australia |first=John W. |last=Flynn |year=2001 |publisher=Australian Sign Language Interpreters' Association Victoria |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217114510/http://www.asliavic.com.au/about?q=node%2F88 |archive-date=17 February 2011 |df=dmy }}</ref>
<ref name="Flynn">{{cite web|url=https://www.asliavic.com.au/about?q=node/88 |title=A Brief History of Sign Language Interpreting in Australia |first=John W. |last=Flynn |year=2001 |publisher=Australian Sign Language Interpreters' Association Victoria |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110217114510/http://www.asliavic.com.au/about?q=node%2F88 |archive-date=17 February 2011 |df=dmy }}</ref>-->
<ref name="Mitchell">{{cite journal |last1=Mitchell |first1=Ross E. |last2=Karchmer |first2=Michael A. |year=2004 |title=Chasing the Mythical Ten Percent: Parental Hearing Status of Deaf and Hard of Hearing Students in the United States |journal=Sign Language Studies |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=138–162 |publisher=Gallaudet University Press |issn=0302-1475 |url=http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/custom/portlets/recordDetails/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb=true&accno=EJ747626 |doi=10.1353/sls.2004.0005 |s2cid=145578065 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100530155202/http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/custom/portlets/recordDetails/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb=true |archive-date=30 May 2010 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
<!--<ref name="Mitchell">{{cite journal |last1=Mitchell |first1=Ross E. |last2=Karchmer |first2=Michael A. |year=2004 |title=Chasing the Mythical Ten Percent: Parental Hearing Status of Deaf and Hard of Hearing Students in the United States |journal=Sign Language Studies |volume=4 |issue=2 |pages=138–162 |publisher=Gallaudet University Press |issn=0302-1475 |url=http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/custom/portlets/recordDetails/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb=true&accno=EJ747626 |doi=10.1353/sls.2004.0005 |s2cid=145578065 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20100530155202/http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/custom/portlets/recordDetails/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb=true |archive-date=30 May 2010 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
<ref name="Branson">{{cite book |last1=Branson |first1=Jan |last2=Miller |first2=Don |title=The story of Betty Steel: deaf convict and pioneer |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ce-yPQAACAAJ |series=Australia's deaf heritage |volume=1 |year=1995 |publisher=Deafness Resources Australia |isbn=0-646-21735-6 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506004750/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ce-yPQAACAAJ |archive-date=6 May 2016 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
<ref name="Branson">{{cite book |last1=Branson |first1=Jan |last2=Miller |first2=Don |title=The story of Betty Steel: deaf convict and pioneer |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=Ce-yPQAACAAJ |series=Australia's deaf heritage |volume=1 |year=1995 |publisher=Deafness Resources Australia |isbn=0-646-21735-6 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160506004750/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ce-yPQAACAAJ |archive-date=6 May 2016 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
<ref name="Carty">{{cite journal |last1=Schembri |first1=A. |last2=Napier |first2=J. |last3=Beattie |last4=Leigh |first4=G. R. |last5=Carty |first5=B. |date=22–23 August 1998 |title=John Carmichael: Australian Deaf pioneer. |journal=Australasian Deaf Studies Research Symposium: Conference Papers |pages=9–20 |publisher=Renwick College |location=North Rocks, Sydney, Australia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=snVNNAAACAAJ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160502011837/https://books.google.com/books?id=snVNNAAACAAJ |archive-date=2 May 2016 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
<ref name="Carty">{{cite journal |last1=Schembri |first1=A. |last2=Napier |first2=J. |last3=Beattie |last4=Leigh |first4=G. R. |last5=Carty |first5=B. |date=22–23 August 1998 |title=John Carmichael: Australian Deaf pioneer. |journal=Australasian Deaf Studies Research Symposium: Conference Papers |pages=9–20 |publisher=Renwick College |location=North Rocks, Sydney, Australia |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=snVNNAAACAAJ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160502011837/https://books.google.com/books?id=snVNNAAACAAJ |archive-date=2 May 2016 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
<ref name="Oreilly">{{cite book |last=O'Reilly |first=Suzannah |others=Sponsored by ASLIA, the Australian Sign Language Interpreters Association |title=Indigenous sign language and culture : the interpreting and access needs of deaf people who are Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander in far north Queensland |url=http://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/3724615 |year=2006 |isbn=9780646463407 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613233307/http://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/3724615 |archive-date=13 June 2011 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
<ref name="Oreilly">{{cite book |last=O'Reilly |first=Suzannah |others=Sponsored by ASLIA, the Australian Sign Language Interpreters Association |title=Indigenous sign language and culture : the interpreting and access needs of deaf people who are Aboriginal and/or Torres Strait Islander in far north Queensland |url=http://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/3724615 |year=2006 |isbn=9780646463407 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110613233307/http://catalogue.nla.gov.au/Record/3724615 |archive-date=13 June 2011 |df=dmy-all }}</ref>
<ref name="SignPuddle">{{cite web|url=http://www.signbank.org/SignPuddle1.5/|title=SignPuddle Australian Dictionary|access-date=22 March 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616170056/http://www.signbank.org/SignPuddle1.5/|archive-date=16 June 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref>
<ref name="SignPuddle">{{cite web|url=http://www.signbank.org/SignPuddle1.5/|title=SignPuddle Australian Dictionary|access-date=22 March 2018|url-status=live|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120616170056/http://www.signbank.org/SignPuddle1.5/|archive-date=16 June 2012|df=dmy-all}}</ref>-->
<!--
<!--
<ref name="Walker">{{cite journal |last1=Walker |first1=L. |last2=Munro |first2=J. |last3=Rickards |first3=F. W. |year=1998 |title=Literal and Inferential Reading Comprehension of Students Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing. |journal=Volta Review |volume=100 |issue=2 |pages=87–103 |url=http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/custom/portlets/recordDetails/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb=true&accno=EJ603429 |quote=This study suggested that the average reading age for Victorian Deaf school-leavers was at Grade 6 level, equivalent to 11 or 12-year old hearing children.}}</ref>
<ref name="Walker">{{cite journal |last1=Walker |first1=L. |last2=Munro |first2=J. |last3=Rickards |first3=F. W. |year=1998 |title=Literal and Inferential Reading Comprehension of Students Who Are Deaf or Hard of Hearing. |journal=Volta Review |volume=100 |issue=2 |pages=87–103 |url=http://www.eric.ed.gov/ERICWebPortal/custom/portlets/recordDetails/detailmini.jsp?_nfpb=true&accno=EJ603429 |quote=This study suggested that the average reading age for Victorian Deaf school-leavers was at Grade 6 level, equivalent to 11 or 12-year old hearing children.}}</ref>
-->
-->
<ref name="Schembri">{{cite journal |last1=Schembri |first1=Adam |last2=Johnston |first2=Trevor |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistic variation in the use of fingerspelling in Australian Sign Language : a pilot study |volume=7 |issue=3 |series=Sign language studies |pages=319–347 |publisher=Gallaudet University Press |issn=1533-6263 |doi=10.1353/sls.2007.0019|hdl=1959.14/32022 |s2cid=144684691 }}</ref>
<!--<ref name="Schembri">{{cite journal |last1=Schembri |first1=Adam |last2=Johnston |first2=Trevor |year=2006 |title=Sociolinguistic variation in the use of fingerspelling in Australian Sign Language : a pilot study |volume=7 |issue=3 |series=Sign language studies |pages=319–347 |publisher=Gallaudet University Press |issn=1533-6263 |doi=10.1353/sls.2007.0019|hdl=1959.14/32022 |s2cid=144684691 }}</ref>-->
}}
}}



Revisi terkini sejak 25 Maret 2024 02.03

Bahasa Isyarat Australia
Australian Sign Language
Auslan
Dituturkan diAustralia
Penutur
10.000 (cacah jiwa 2016)[1]
  • BANZSL
    • Bahasa Isyarat Australia
Dialek
Dialek utara (NSW, QLD)
Dialek Victoria dan dialek tenggara (semua negara bagian lain)
Kode bahasa
ISO 639-3asf
LINGUIST List
LINGUIST list sudah tidak beroperasi lagi
asf
Glottologaust1271[2]
IETFasf
ELPAustralian Sign Language
Status pemertahanan
C10
Kategori 10
Kategori ini menunjukkan bahwa bahasa telah punah (Extinct)
C9
Kategori 9
Kategori ini menunjukkan bahwa bahasa sudah ditinggalkan dan hanya segelintir yang menuturkannya (Dormant)
C8b
Kategori 8b
Kategori ini menunjukkan bahwa bahasa hampir punah (Nearly extinct)
C8a
Kategori 8a
Kategori ini menunjukkan bahwa bahasa sangat sedikit dituturkan dan terancam berat untuk punah (Moribund)
C7
Kategori 7
Kategori ini menunjukkan bahwa bahasa mulai mengalami penurunan ataupun penutur mulai berpindah menggunakan bahasa lain (Shifting)
C6b
Kategori 6b
Kategori ini menunjukkan bahwa bahasa mulai terancam (Threatened)
C6a
Kategori 6a
Kategori ini menunjukkan bahwa bahasa masih cukup banyak dituturkan (Vigorous)
C5
Kategori 5
Kategori ini menunjukkan bahwa bahasa mengalami pertumbuhan populasi penutur (Developing)
C4
Kategori 4
Kategori ini menunjukkan bahwa bahasa digunakan dalam institusi pendidikan (Educational)
C3
Kategori 3
Kategori ini menunjukkan bahwa bahasa digunakan cukup luas (Wider Communication)
C2
Kategori 2
Kategori ini menunjukkan bahwa bahasa yang digunakan di berbagai wilayah (Provincial)
C1
Kategori 1
Kategori ini menunjukkan bahwa bahasa nasional maupun bahasa resmi dari suatu negara (National)
C0
Kategori 0
Kategori ini menunjukkan bahwa bahasa merupakan bahasa pengantar internasional ataupun bahasa yang digunakan pada kancah antar bangsa (International)
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
EGIDS SIL EthnologueC5 Developing
Bahasa Isyarat Australia dikategorikan sebagai C5 Developing menurut SIL Ethnologue, artinya bahasa ini mengalami peningkatan jumlah penutur dari waktu ke waktu
Referensi: [3]
Lokasi penuturan
Peta
Peta
Perkiraan persebaran penuturan bahasa ini.
Koordinat: 30°S 145°E / 30°S 145°E / -30; 145 Sunting ini di Wikidata
 Portal Bahasa
L • B • PW   
Sunting kotak info  Lihat butir Wikidata  Info templat

Bahasa Isyarat Australia adalah bahasa isyarat mayoritas masyarakat tuli Australia. Istilah Auslan adalah lakuran dari "Australian Sign Language" yang diciptakan oleh Trevor Johnston pada tahun 1980-an walaupun bahasa ini sendiri jauh lebih tua. Auslan berkaitan dengan Bahasa Isyarat Britania (BSL) dan Bahasa Isyarat Selandia Baru (NZSL). Ketiga-tiganya berasal dari bahasa induk yang sama dan bersama-sama membentuk rumpun bahasa BANZSL. Auslan juga telah dipengaruhi oleh Bahasa Isyarat Irlandia (ISL) dan baru-baru ini meminjam isyarat dari Bahasa Isyarat Amerika (ASL).

Seperti bahasa isyarat lain, tata bahasa dan perbendaharaan kata Auslan benar-benar berbeda dari bahasa Inggris. Asal-usulnya tidak dapat dikaitkan dengan individu mana pun. Sebaliknya, bahasa ini merupakan bahasa alami yang muncul secara spontan dan telah berubah seiring waktu.[4]

Rekaman dan tulisan

[sunting | sunting sumber]

A Silent Agreement menjadi film fitur pertama yang dirilis secara teatrikal di Australia yang menampilkan Bahasa Isyarat Australia dalam dialog utamanya, di mana beberapa adegan dikisahkan dalam bahasa Isyarat Australia. Terdapat pula satu adegan di mana karakternya mendiskusikan politik berisiko dengan menggunakan aktor non-tuli yang menggunakan bahasa isyarat dalam film.[5][6]

Lihat pula

[sunting | sunting sumber]
  1. ^ Bahasa Isyarat Australia di Ethnologue (22nd ed., 2019)
  2. ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, ed. (2023). "Bahasa Isyarat Australia". Glottolog 4.8. Jena, Jerman: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. 
  3. ^ "Bahasa Isyarat Australia". www.ethnologue.com (dalam bahasa Inggris). SIL Ethnologue. 
  4. ^ Bellis, Mary (2004). "Innovations for the Hearing Impaired". About.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 7 November 2008. 
  5. ^ "A Silent Agreement (2017) - the Screen Guide - Screen Australia". 
  6. ^ "Watch a Silent Agreement | Prime Video". Amazon. 

Rujukan lain

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Bacaan lanjut

[sunting | sunting sumber]

Pranala luar

[sunting | sunting sumber]

Templat:Rumpun bahasa BANZSL